1788-1800 Starring George Washington, Alexander Hamilton, John Adams, and Thomas Jefferson.
In this section you will learn that the split between Hamilton and Jefferson led to the growth of...
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Transcript of In this section you will learn that the split between Hamilton and Jefferson led to the growth of...
In this section you will learn that the split between Hamilton and Jefferson led to the growth of political parties in America.
Washington’s presidency (1789-1797) ended with a
foreign policy warning that the U.S. remain neutral and “steer
clear of permanent alliances with any portion of the foreign world”. This advice served to guide U.S. policy into the 20th
century.
Despite Washington’s admonitions to the contrary,
the political differences between Jefferson/Madison,
and Hamilton led to the formation of political parties.
Jefferson and Madison, envisioning an agrarian nation
with limited government, founded the Democratic-Republican party which
attracted farmers and workers to its ranks.
Alexander Hamilton, envisioning an industrial nation
with a strong central government, founded the
Federalist party which attracted Northern merchants
and manufacturers.
FEDERALISTS DEMOCRATIC- REPUBLICANS
• Strong national government
• Fear of mob rule• Loose interpretation of
the Constitution• Favored national bank• Pro manufacturing and
shipping• Supporters: lawyers,
merchants, manufacturers, clergy
• Limited national government
• Fear of despotic rule• Strict interpretation of the
Constitution• Opposed national bank• Pro farming
• Supporters: farmers, tradespeople
In the election of 1797, the Federalist John Adams beat the
Democratic-Republican Thomas Jefferson to become the second president of the
United States.
The eye of God has instigated the American eagle to snatch from Jefferson's hand the "Constitution & Independence" of the U.S. before he can cast it on an "Altar
to Gallic Despotism," whose flames are being fed by the writings of Thomas Paine, Helvetius, Rousseau, and other freethinkers.
FOR UNDERSTANDING
Washington’s presidency ended with a foreign policy warning that the U.S. should ______.
• 1) ally its self with France
• 2) ally its self with England
• 3) protect its friends and neighbors from foreign attacks
• 4) adopt a policy of neutrality
The political differences between Jefferson/Madison, and Hamilton led
to the formation of ______.
• 1) a House of Burgesses
• 2) political parties
• 3) the Constitution
• 4) Alien and Sedition acts
Jefferson and Madison, envisioning an agrarian nation with limited
government, founded the ______ party.
• 1) Democratic-Republican
• 2) Anti-Federalist
• 3) Federalist
• 4) American-Independent
Alexander Hamilton, envisioning an industrial nation with a strong
central government, founded the ______ party.
• 1) Tories
• 2) Federalist
• 3) Know-Nothing
• 4) Democratic-Republican
Which of the following represented the Federalist viewpoint:
• 1) Pro farming.
• 2) Limited national government.
• 3) Strong national government.
• 4) Strict interpretation of the Constitution.
Which of the following represented the Democratic-Republican
viewpoint:
• 1) Loose interpretation of the Constitution.
• 2) Opposed national bank.
• 3) Pro manufacturing and shipping.
• 4) Strong national government.
Supporters of the ______ were often lawyers, merchants, manufacturers,
and clergy.
• 1) Democratic-Republicans
• 2) states’ rights theory
• 3) Federalists
• 4) whisky rebellion
In the election of 1797, ______ beat Thomas Jefferson to become the second president of the United
States.
• 1) George Washington
• 2) William Henry Harrison
• 3) William McKinley
• 4) John Adams
Supporters of the ______ were often farmers, and tradespeople.
• 1) Federalists
• 2) Democratic-Republicans
• 3) American-Independents
• 4) XYZ Affair
Per the Constitution, the second runner up, Thomas Jefferson, became the vice-
president. Thus, the country had executive leadership from
two opposing parties.
Because of a tense relationship between the U.S. and France
during their war with Britain, Adams dispatched an envoy
consisting of Charles Pinckney, Elbridge Gerry, and John
Marshall to hold talks in Paris.
Charles Pinckney
Elbridge Gerry
John Marshall
After Adams’ French envoy was ignored for weeks, they were approached by three
French agents (X, Y, and Z) who demanded a loan of 10
million dollars and a bribe of $250,000. The Americans
refused.
The so called XYZ affair resulted in Congress canceling
its treaties with France, allowing U.S. ships to seize
French vessels, and expanding the army and navy.
The Alien and Sedition Acts of 1798 were aimed at silencing the critics of Adams’ administration
by greatly increasing the wait time for immigrants to become citizens,
arresting and/or deporting non-loyal aliens during war time, and outlawing the publication of any
anti-government writing.
The Alien and Sedition Acts were an affront to the First
Amendment freedoms of speech and press.
After the XYZ Affair, Adams reopened talks with the French which resulted in a secession of
hostilities between the two governments and the avoidance
of a declared war.
FOR UNDERSTANDING
Per the Constitution, the ______ became the vice-president.
• 1) Speaker of the House
• 2) second runner up
• 3) president of the House of Burgesses
• 4) man with the greatest number of electoral votes
Who was not part of the envoy dispatched by John Adams to hold
talks in Paris:
• 1) Grover Cleveland
• 2) Elbridge Gerry
• 3) John Marshall
• 4) Charles Pinckney
What was the XYZ affair?
• 1) A plot by the Democratic-Republicans to remove John Adams from office.
• 2) A tryst between Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemings.
• 3) An attempt by French leaders to coerce and finagle America out of a large sum of money.
• 4) The inaugural ball held for America’s first president, George Washington.
The so called ______ resulted in Congress canceling its treaties with France, allowing U.S. ships to seize French vessels, and expanding the
army and navy.
• 1) Continental Congress
• 2) XYZ affair
• 3) Treaty of Versailles
• 4) Navigation Acts
The ______ of 1798 were aimed at silencing the critics of Adams’
administration.
• 1) Townsend Acts
• 2) Intolerable Acts
• 3) Navigation Acts
• 4) Alien and Sedition Acts
The Alien and Sedition Acts were an affront to the ______.
• 1) First Amendment freedoms of speech and press
• 2) office of the President
• 3) King of France, Louis XVI
• 4) Declaration of Independence
After the XYZ Affair, Adams reopened talks with the French
which resulted in ______.
• 1) the French and Indian war
• 2) an end to the war between France and Britain
• 3) an alliance with the U.S. and France against Britain
• 4) the avoidance of war between France and the U.S.