In-Flight Performance Analysis of Direct RF Sampling ... · 4. Performance Analysis 4.7 VHF Radio...

3/23/2018 IEEE Aerospace Conference 2018

In-Flight Performance Analysis of

Direct RF Sampling Architecture

Applied to VHF Band Avionics

IEEE Aeroconf 2018

4th March, 2018

Session 4.13

A. Q. Nguyen,

A. Amrhar, A. A. Kisomi, X. Fang , R Jr. Landry

3/23/2018 2IEEE Aerospace Conference 2018

Contents

1. Introduction

2. DRFS Avionics Implementation

3. Flight Test Scenario

4. Performance Analysis1. VOR

2. LOC/GS

3. VHF Radio

5. More DRFS Avionics

6. Conclusion


1. INTRODUCTION


1. INTRODUCTION

1.2 AVIO-505 Objectives

Advantages : Less equipment and cables

Hardware to software redundancy

Software function reallocation

Easier maintenance

Lower cost


1. INTRODUCTION

1.2 AVIO-505 DRFS Avionics

Antenna +

Filters +

Combiner

DDC

FPGA

General Purpose

Processing Unit

(GNU Radio)

Pre-Processing

Unit

DRFS architecture

ADC

Antenna +

Filters

General

Purpose

Processing Unit

Pre-

Processing

Unit

IF

Filters

ADC

DDC

DDC

Conventional architecture

ADC

Mixer

LO

Mixer

IF Stages

...

Mixer DDC

Increase Size, Weight, Power, and Cost (SWaP-C)

efficiency

Avoid problems related to LO Mixer and IF

stages

Can be compatible with Integrated Modular

Avionics and maximizing resource sharing

DDC : Digital Down Converter

IF : Intermediate Frequency

Objective: Study the feasibility, capacity, and

advantages of a DRFS avionic architecture in RX

and TX (VHF avionics as the preliminary targets)


1. INTRODUCTION

1.3 RX Principles: Bandpass sampling


1. INTRODUCTION

1.4 TX Principles: FIR/CMIX Before DAC


2. DRFS AVIONICS IMPLEMENTATION



2.1 Overview

Studied/Implemented Avionics Architecture Overview

Integrated Avionics in the Main system:

• 8 Applications in RX: 2 VORs, LOC, GS, 2 VHF Radios, Marker Beacon, ACARS (Configurable)

• 4 Applications in TX: ACARS – VHF Radio (Digital - Analog ELT) (2 at a time - Configurable)



2.2 SDR-FPGA and GPP

FPGA design with MATLAB/Xilinx

(SDR Platform)

SDAM modules in the GNU Radio

(GPP)



2.3 COTS components for the Flights



2.4 In-lab Performance Validation

IFR-4000

USRP

System Requirements StandardDRFS

Performance

VORSensitivity −93 dBm −94 dBm

Dynamic Range 66 dB 69 dB

LocalizerSensitivity −82 dBm −78 dBm


Glide SlopeSensitivity −76 dBm −82 dBm


VHF Radio RX

Sensitivity −87 dBm −81 dBm

SNNR

≥ 25 dB with input level between

−61dBmand −27 dBm

≥ 25 dB with input level between

−70 dBmand −20 dBm

A-Q. Nguyen et al., 2017, “Direct RF Sampling Transceiver

Architecture Applied to VHF Radio, ACARS, and ELTs”,

DASC, USA.

A-Q. Nguyen et al., 2017, “New architecture of Direct RF

Sampling for avionic systems applied to VOR and ILS”,

Radarconf, USA.

A-Q. Nguyen et al., 2017, “"Integrated Avionics Frequency

Tracking In Direct RF Sampling Front-End Using FFT”, ICNS,

USA.


3. FLIGHT TEST SCENARIO



3.1 Flight test summary

Conducted Flights Installation



3.2 Flight test phases

1

2

3

4N

YJN

CYHU


4. PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS


4. Performance Analysis

4.1 VOR 1

3rd Flight Test (10/2016) 5th Flight Test (5/2017)

Progressively

improved

results

(3o standard)



4.2 VOR 2 and Summary5th Flight Test (5/2017)

Parameters Theory/Standard DRFS Performance

Capacity 12

(in parallel, with 1 ADC)

Max Range55 to 83 NM

(Altitude 2000 to 3000 ft)

Max 30 NM(only 6 dB gain from LNA)

VOR 1

Sensitivity−93 dBm

(95% valid results)

−92 to −93 dBm

(97% valid results)

VOR 2

Sensitivity−93 dBm

(95% valid results)

−92 to −94 dBm

(94% valid results)

VOR Summary



4.3 ILS In-Flight

LOC and G/S display in UGC

LOC Value: ~0.3o Right

G/S Value : ~0.7o Up

≈ Indicator



4.4 LOC (From Flight No. 5 at CYMX)

Standard

Approach

Non-standard

approach



4.6 GS and Summary

Glide Slope Errors

for the Standard Approach

(Flight No. 5)

Parameters Theory/Standard DRFS Performance

LOC Range25 NM

(within 10o course)~ 8 NM

LOC Input Level −33 to −82 dBm −65 to −88 dBm

LOC Accuracy 95% valid results~ 32% (Auto Landing)

~ 70% (Manual Landing)

GS Range8 NM

(within 8o centerline)~ 4 NM

GS Input Level −33 to −76 dBm −75 to −92 dBm

GS Accuracy 95% valid results ~ 70% valid results

LOC/GS Summary



4.7 VHF Radio

4th Flight Test:

VHF Radio Recorded (4/2017)

2 VHF Radio in the same ADC with VOR and ILS CYHU

CYJN

Recorded Audio/SNR analysis with MATLAB

Parameters DRFS Performance

Capacity2

(in parallel, along with other systems)

Max Range ~ 12 NM

SNR ≥ 3 dB for an understandable output

VHF Radio Summary


5. MORE DRFS AVIONICS


5. More DRFS Avionics

ADS-B and others

ADS-B In at 1090

MHz (Fold 8 times)

0

90 MHz

UAT In at 978 MHz

(Fold 7 times)

62 MHz for other applications

22 MHz

32 MHz

ADC

GPP

AGCDigital

MixerCIC/FIR

AGCDigital

MixerCIC/FIR

ADS-B In: 5 Msps

Amplitude

UAT In: 5 Msps250 MHz

sampling rate


6. CONCLUSION


6. CONCLUSION

6.1 Conclusion

Feasibility: Multi-avionics in one platform

RX: 2 VORs, LOC/GS/Marker Beacon, 2 VHF Radio, ACARS (8 in parallel)

TX: ELT 406.025 MHz, ELT 121.5 MHz, ACARS, VHF Radio (2 in parallel)

Simplicity: 1 GPP with SDR, 1 SDR platform.

Configurability

High Performance: Meet MOPS and Flight tested

Efficiency: SWaP-C Constraints

Expandability:

ADS-B/UAT

ELT Detector


6. CONCLUSION

6.2 Future work (Recommendation)

High Performance ADC/DAC: 1 GHz ADC or higher, 16 bits resolution.

Less folding Higher SNR

Increase resolution Increase the sensitivity

Multiple sampling rate for ADCs in 1 SDR platform

High Q filters and standardized RF analog modules

Verifications

Flight tests in commercial airplanes.


Related Publications

[1] A.-Q. Nguyen, A. A. Kisomi, A. Amrhar, and R. J. Landry, "Integrated Avionics

Frequency Tracking In Direct RF Sampling Front-End Using FFT," presented at the

2017 Integrated Communication, Navigation and Surveillance Conference (ICNS), 18-21

April 2017, 2017.

[2] A.-Q. Nguyen, A. A. Kisomi, and R. Landry, "New architecture of Direct RF

Sampling for avionic systems applied to VOR and ILS," in 2017 IEEE Radar

Conference (RadarConf), 2017, pp. 1622-1627.

[3] A.-Q. Nguyen, A. A. Kisomi, A. Amrhar, and R. J. Landry, “Direct RF Sampling

Transceiver Architecture Applied to VHF Radio, ACARS, and ELTs,” in 2017

IEEE/AIAA 36rd Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC), 2017

3/23/2018 IEEE Aerospace Conference 2018

AVIO-505 ProjectDRFS Avionics

Anh-Quang NguyenContact us at:

[email protected]

https://lassena.etsmtl.ca/

Merci Beaucoup! Thank you!

mailto:[email protected]

https://lassena.etsmtl.ca/spip.php?lang=en

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