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MADAGASCARSummary of Upcoming Elections

PrESiDENTiAL

First Round Scheduled or

October 25, 20131

Second Round Scheduled or

December 20, 2013

The Oce o Executive President

o Madagascar

PArLiAmENTArY

Scheduled or

December 20, 20132 

127 seats in the House o

Assembly

The 2006 presidential elections held in

Madagascar were considered “relatively

ree and transparent.” However, the military

seized control o Antananarivo, the capital,

and ousted Marc Ravalomanana, the elected

President in 2009, and subsequently tookcontrol o the government. Soon ater, the

military installed Andry Rajoelina at the helm.

Rajoelina has been in power since.

Since the last elections, the country has

witnessed numerous political demonstrations

staged by a disgruntled and restive popu-

lation. As a result o the coup in 2009, the

country has been “isolated by the internation-

al community and deprived o oreign aid.”3 

The upcoming elections are expected to test

whether or not Madagascar has been able

to nd a suitable middle ground in electing

a qualied leader. Finally, Madagascar’s high

poverty rates are expected to be a signicant

actor, as people in rural areas undergo sub-sistence hardship.

Suay Pevus Eletns 4

Pesdental Eletns – December 3, 2006

Ppulatn and nube esteed vtes:

Total population: 18,595,469

Registered Voters: 7,317,790

ELEcTioN ANALYSiS

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results:

canddate Paty Vtes % Vtes

Marc Ravalomanana I Love Madagascar (TIM) 2,435,199 54.79%

Jean Lahiniriko Independent 517,994 11.65%

Iarovana Roland Ratsiraka Independent 450,717 10.14%

Herizo Jossicher

Razamahaleo

Economic Liberalism and

Democratic Action or

National Recovery

(Leader-Fanilo)

401,473 9.03%

Norbert Lala

Ratsirahonana

Judged by One’s Works

(AVI)

186,355 4.22%

Ny Hasina

AndriamanjatoIndependent 187,552 4.18%

Elia

RavelomanantsoaOur Madagascar 113,897 2.56%

Pety Rakotoniaina Tambatra (Union) 74,566 1.68%

Jules Randrianjoary Independent 33,463 0.75%

Daniel Rajakoba Fihavanantsika 28,363 0.64%

Rakotonirina

Manaday

Movement or the

Progress o Madagascar

(MFM)

14,712 0.33%

Philippe Madiomanana

TsirananaIndependent 1,128 0.03%

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Palaentay Eletns – December 15, 20025

The National Assembly

Ppulatn and nube esteed vtes:

Total Population: 16,473,4806

Registered Voters: 5 844 5647

results: 8

PatyNube Seats

(160)

I Love Madagascar (TIM) 103

National Union (Firaisankinam-Pirenena) 22

Rebirth o the Social Democratic Party (RPSD) 5

Vanguard o the Malagasy Revolution (AREMA) 3

Economic Liberalism and Democratic Action or National

Recovery (Leader-Fanilo)2

Toamasina Tonga Saina 2

United Popular Forces (Herim-Bahoaka Mitambatra) 1

Independent Candidates 2

Tak i madaaskaa (Tim) /

i Lve madaasa

Please reer to the ollowing webpage or

more inormation:

http://www.tim-madagascar.org/ 

fasankna-Penena /

Natnal Unn

Please reer to the ollowing webpage or

more inormation: http://en.wikipedia.org/ 

wiki/National_Union_%28Madagascar%29

rénassane du Pat Sal-Déatque

(rPSD) / rebth the Sal Deat

Paty

Please reer to the ollowing webpage or

more inormation: http://en.wikipedia.org/ 

wiki/Rebirth_o_the_Social_Democratic_Party

mAJor PoLiTicAL PArTiES9

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DriViNg iSSUES

Madagascar has long been host to racial and

ethnic tensions that have oten unsettled

the country’s political scene. “Due to pastmilitary conquest and long-standing political

dominance, the socioeconomic status o the

merina (highland people) is considered to be

higher than that o the cotier (coastal peo-

ple).”10 Discrimination has played a signicant

role with determining who was been able to

secure government positions. There are also

concerns about ballot stung, conficts o

interest i.e. government ocials participating

as electoral ocials, and restricted media

coverage o opposition parties and candi-

dates.11 The growing numbers o unemployed

youth is also a sensitive issue in this election

cycle.12 

The Malagasy government has been working

in conjunction with organizations such as the

National Independent Electoral Commission

or the Transition (CENI-T), United Nations andits subgroups, European Union, and various

countries (i.e. Switzerland, Norway, South Ko-

rea, etc.). Responsible or all o the logistical

aspects o the electoral process, the CENI-T

has been working diligently to achieve the

goal o hosting the elections in July as sched-

uled. However, given the amount o interna-

tional infuence that the CENI-T is party to, it

is oten engaging in a sort o ‘balancing act’

between keeping its international supporters/ 

donors appeased and working towards the

pacication o local groups.

ENDNoTES

1 IFES Election Guide. (2010, 07 November). Election

Profle: Madagascar . Retrieved rom: http://www.elec-

tionguide.org/country.php?ID=129

Structure of the Executive Branch

Chie o State: President

Head o Government: Prime Minister

Cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the Prime Minister

(Source: CIA World Factbook. (2013, 22 March). Arica: 

Madagascar. Retrieved rom: https://www.cia.gov/library/ 

publications/the-world-actbook/geos/ma.html)

2 IFES Election Guide. (2010, 23 July). Election Profle: 

Madagascar . Retrieved rom: http://www.electionguide.

org/country.php?ID=129

Structure of the Legislative Branch

Bicameral legislature consists o a Senate (Sénat) and

National Assembly (Assemblée Nationale) (100 seats; two-

thirds o the members appointed by regional assemblies;

227 total seats

Senate: 100 seats – two-thirds o the members appointed by

regional assemblies; remaining one-third appointed by the

president (members to serve our-year terms)

National Assembly: 127 seats –members elected by popularvote to serve our-year terms (reduced rom 160 seats by an

April 2007 national reerendum)

(Source: CIA World Factbook. (2013, 22 March). Arica: 

Madagasca r. Retrieved rom: https://www.cia.gov/library/ 

publications/the-world-actbook/geos/ma.html)

3 BBC. (2013, 21 January). Madagascar Profle . Retrieved

rom: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-arica-13861843

4 IFES Election Guide. (2010, 23 July). Election Profle: 

Madagascar . Retrieved rom: http://www.electionguide.

org/country.php?ID=129

5 Electoral Institute or Sustainable Democracy in Ari-

ca. (June 2010). Madagascar: 2002 National Assembly 

Election Results . Retrieved rom: http://www.eisa.org.

za/WEP/mad2002results.htm

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6 Index Mundi. (2011, 1 January). Population Demograph- 

ics: Madagascar . Retrieved rom: http://www.indexmun-

di.com/g/g.aspx?v=21&c=ma&l=en

7 Electoral Institute or Sustainable Democracy in Arica.

(June 2010). Madagascar: 2002 National Assembly Election Results . Retrieved rom: http://www.eisa.org.

za/WEP/mad2002results.htm

8 Ibid.

9 There is a lack o literature available on the topic o Mal-

agasy political parties.

10 Freedom House. (2013, 25 March). Madagascar . Re-

trieved rom: http://www.reedomhouse.org/report/ree-

dom-world/2006/madagascar

11 National Democratic Institute. (2006, 16 November).

Statement o NDI Pre-Election Delegation to the Decem- 

ber 3, 2006 Madagascar Presidential Election. Retrieved

rom: http://www.ndi.org/les/Madagascar_PreElection_

Statement_111606_ENG.pd

12 Arican Economic Outlook. (2012, 22 June). Madagascar.

Retrieved rom: http://www.aricaneconomicoutlook.org/ 

en/countries/southern-arica/madagascar/ 

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