Water shortagesIn Africa

Introduction.

Africa has a water problems because of water sanitation, climate change and lack of tools.

Hundreds of millions of children do not attend school because of ill health, lack of sanitation facilities, or the amount of time they spend fetching water for their communities.

(Kelly Morris)P954.

Water Sanitation problems.

-Poor sanitation facilities often lead to health problems.

-without the proper water treatment facilities people will continue to get sick.

Lack of Water sanitation.

Scientists have recognized for a long time that billions of people do not have access to freshwater for drinking and sanitation.

(Matthys Levy)P 67.

Lack of water sanitation.

People often use the same watering hole that they use for the livestock for themselves.

Lack of Water sanitation.

-Water related illness go down.-school attendance goes up.

With water improved sanitation

With climate change it brings a lot of hardship to Africa.

Drought.

Lost of livestock.

Food shortage.

Climate change.

Shortages in supply, uncertain changes in replenishment rates for surface water and groundwater, and deterioration of quality that reduces both usability and health safety issues are expected to soar.

(Nkem, Munang, Jallow)P14.

Climate change.

Drought is one of the leading causes in water shortage in Africa.Rivers dry up and fishes die.It causes people to move miles away. William Graf, says “It used to be we had wide open rivers,” (as cited by Rayl) NP

Climate change in Africa.

People in sub- Sahara Africa rely on their livestock. With out water livestock can not survive, and without livestock people can not live.

Climate change in Africa.

As the climate changes the food prices rise.Without water farmers can’t grow their crops.

Climate change in Africa.

With out the proper tools to get water and clean it, Africa's water problem continues to rise.Like this water treatment facility.

Lack of tools.

Without water facilities people are forced to dick holes themselves to find water. The UN suggests that each person needs 20-50 liters of water a day to ensure their basic needs for drinking, cooking and cleaning.

(WWAP)NP

Lack of tools.

Africa’s water problems continue if don’t address the water sanitation, climate change and it is lack of tools.

Conclusion.

Morris, K. (2004). "Silent emergency" of poor water and sanitation. Lancet, 363(9413), 954.

Nkem, J. N., Munang, R., & Jallow, B. (2011). Decentralizing Solutions For Rural Water Supply Under Climate Impacts In Sub-Saharan Africa. Environment, 53(2), 14-17. doi:10.1080/00139157.2011.554498

Levy, M. (2010). Preserving Our Water Resources. Civil Engineering (08857024), 80(1), 62-67.

Source: World Water Assessment Programme (WWAP) Rayl, A.J.S. (2009) Periscope Up.

https://gustavus.edu/events/nobelconference/2009/periscope-up.php

References