Improving School Nutrition A Presentation for School Board Members Judy Terry, MPH student
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Transcript of Improving School Nutrition A Presentation for School Board Members Judy Terry, MPH student
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Improving School NutritionA Presentation for School Board
MembersJudy Terry, MPH student
Walden UniversityPH 6165-5
Instructor: Dr. Donald GoodwinFall, 2009
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Improving School Nutrition(in Grades 9-12)
What Should You Know and How
Can You Help?
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Role of the School Board Member in School Nutrition (Hess, 2002)
Serve your community and protect its students
Ensure healthy nutrition options are available Support nutritional programs in the schoolsBe involved and set an example
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Learning Objectives
Identify the contributing factors leading to childhood
obesityUnderstand the need for improved nutrition in the
schoolDescribe the current status of school nutrition
Outline recommendations for a good school nutrition
programIdentify ways in which you can support the
implementation of a healthy nutrition program in
your school district
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Obesity
•Definition: Body Mass Index (BMI) (CDC, 2009a)
• Calculation of body fat using height and weight
• Obesity = >95% percentile for children
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Obesity (CDC, 2009b)
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Obesity Prevalence: 13% of High School Students (CDC, 2008a)
16.3% males9.6% females
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Obesity
• Prevalence by Race (CDC, 2008a)
Black 18.3%Hispanic 16.6%White 10.8%
• Tripled in past 30 years (Daniels, Jacobson, McCrindle, Eckel & Sanner, 2009)
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Health
•Health Consequences (Daniels et al., 2009)
• Cardiovascular Disease• Diabetes• Asthma• Stroke• Sleep Apnea• Cancer
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Psychosocial
•Cultural and Societal Consequences (CDC, 2008b)
• Body Image
• Nutrition
•Ate fruits and vegetables-21.4%•Drinking milk-14.1%•Trying to lose weight-45.2%
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(CDC, 2008c)
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Psychosocial
•Cultural and Societal Consequences
• Psychosocial (Daniels et al., 2009)•Self-Esteem•Bullying•Depression•School Performance
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Contributing Factors to Obesity and Poor Nutrition
Genetics (CDC, 2009a)
Metabolism (USDHHS, 2000)
Socioeconomic Status (Johnson-Down, O’Loughlin, Koski, & Gray-
Donald, 1997)(Vieweg, Johnson, Lanier, Fernandez, & Pandurangi, 2007)
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Contributing Factors to Obesity and Poor Nutrition
Home Environment ( CDC, 2009a)
Day Care-80%
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Contributing Factors to Obesity and Poor Nutrition
Physical Activity (CDC, 2008b)
P.E. Classes – 53.6% Television Viewing >3 Hrs per day-35.4% Computer Use > 3 Hrs per day-24.9%
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Contributing Factors to Obesity and Poor (CDC, 2008d)
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Current Status of School Nutrition
Vending Machines (O’Toole, Anderson, Miller, & Guthrie, 2007)
89.4% High Schools
Beverages (O’Toole et al., 2007)Soda PopFruit Juices
Competitive Foods (GAO, 2005)
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Healthy People 2010 (USDHHS, 2000)
•Healthy People 2010
•Goal: To reduce childhood obesity to 5 percent
•Goal: Reduce chronic diseases associated with obesity
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Nutritional Programs
National School Lunch Program – 1946 (GAO, 2005)28 Million
School Breakfast Program – 1975 (GAO, 2005)8 Million Lower BMI (Gleason, Briefel, Wilson, & Dodd,
2009)
School Meals Initiative for Healthy Children – 1995 (GAO, 2005)
Emphasis on Education
Child Nutrition and WIC Reauthorization Act – 2004 (Child Nutrition and WIC Reauthorization Act of 2004)
Wellness Policies
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Recommendations for Improving School Nutrition (Ralston, Buzby, & Guthrie,
2003)
Assess your school district’s healthProvide healthy food choices in school Allow student input to menu choicesProvide access to drinking water in schoolsPromote growing and consumption of local
produceAllow time for students to eatImprove cafeteria ambianceAllow time for physical activityEducate teachers, children, and parents
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What Can School Board Members Do? (O’Toole et al., 2007)
Support provision of healthy food choicesSupport nutrition educationSupport physical educationSupport teachersSupport fundingBe involved and set an example
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Recap of Learning Objectives
Identify the contributing factors leading to childhood obesityUnderstand the need for improved nutrition in the schoolDescribe the current status of school nutritionOutline recommendations for a good school nutrition programIdentify ways in which you can support the implementation of a healthy nutrition program in your school district
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Additional Resources Websites:
American Heart Association at: www.americanheart.org
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention at: www.cdc.gov
Education Development Center at: www.edc.org
Institute of Medicine at: www.iom.edu
National School Boards Association at: www.nsba.org
School Nutrition Association at: www.schoolnutrition.org
U.S. Department of Agriculture Food and Nutrition Service at: www.fns.usda.gov
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References
CDC. (2008a). Healthy youth! YRBSS Youth Online: Comprehensive Results. Centers for Disease Control. Atlanta, GA. Retrieved 10/29/09 from: http://apps.nccd.cdc.gov/yrbss/QuestYearTable.asp?path=byHT&ByVar=CI&cat=5&quest=507&year=2007&loc=XX
CDC. (2008b). Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance-United States, 2007. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. 57. No. SS-4. Retrieved from: http://www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/yrbs/pdf/yrbss07_mmwr.pdf
CDC. (2008c) Trends in the prevalence of obesity, dietary behaviors, and weight control practices national YRBS: 1991-2007. Retrieved from: http://www.cdc.gov/HealthyYouth/yrbs/pdf/yrbs07_us_obesity_diet_wt_control_trend.pdf
CDC. (2008d). Trends in the prevalence of physical activity national YRBS: 1991-2007. Retrieved from: http://www.cdc.gov/HealthyYouth/yrbs/pdf/yrbs07_us_physical_activity_trend.pdf
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References
CDC. (2009a). Childhood overweight and obesity. Centers for Disease Control. Atlanta, GA. Retrieved 10/11/09 from: http://www.cdc.gov/obesity/childhood/index.html
CDC.(2009b). About BMI for children and teens. Centers for Disease Control. Atlanta, GA. Retrieved 10/29/09 from: http://www.cdc.gov/healthyweight/assessing/bmi/childrens_bmi/about_childrens_bmi.html
Child Nutrition and WIC Reauthorization Act of 2004, Pub. L. No. 108-265, § 118, Stat. 729 (2004). Retrieved from: http://www.fns.usda.gov/cnd/Governance/Legislation/Historical/PL_108-265.pdf
Daniels, S., Jacobson, M., McCrindle, B., Eckel, R. & Sanner, B. (2009). American Heart Association Childhood Obesity Research Summit. Circulation. 119:2114-2123. Available at: http://circ.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/full/119/15/2114
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References:
GAO. (2005). School meal programs. Competitive foods are widely available and generate substantial revenues for schools. (Report No GAO-05-563). Government Accountability Office. Retrieved from: http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-05-563
Gleason, P. Briefel, R., Wilson, A., & Dodd, A. (2009). School meal program participation and its association with dietary patterns and childhood obesity (Report No. 55). United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved from: http://www.ers.usda.gov/Publications/CCR55/
Hess, F. M. (2002). School boards at the dawn of the 21st century. Conditions and challenges of district governance. A report prepared for the National School Boards Association. Retrieved from: http://www.nsba.org/MainMenu/ResourceCenter/SurveysStudiesandEvaluations/SchoolBoardsattheDawnofthe21stCentury.aspx
Johnson-Down, L., O’Loughlin, J., Koski, K., & Gray-Donald, K. (1997). High prevalence of obesity in low income and multiethnic schoolchildren: A diet and physical activity assessment. The Journal of Nutrition. 127(12), 2310-2315. Retrieved from: http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/full/127/12/2310
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References
O’Toole, T., Anderson, S., Miller, C., & Guthrie, J. (2007). Nutrition services and foods and beverages available at school: results from the School Health Policies and Programs Study 2006. Journal of School Health. 77(8): 500-521. Available at: http://www.ashaweb.org/files/public/JOSH_1007/JOSH_77_8_o_toole_p_500.pdf
Ralston, K., Buzby, J., & Guthrie, J. (2003). A healthy school meal environment (Food Assistance and Nutrition Research Report 34-5). United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved from: http://www.ers.usda.gov/publications/fanrr34/fanrr34-5/fanrr34-5.pdf
USDHHS. (2000). Healthy People 2010. 2nd edition. Volume 2. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Washington, D.C. Available at: http://healthypeople.gov/Document/pdf/Volume2/19Nutrition.pdf.
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References
Vieweg, V., Johnson, C., Lanier, J., Fernandez, A., & Pandurangi, A. (2007). Correlation between high risk obesity groups and low socioeconomic status in school children. Southern Medical Journal. 100(1). Retrieved from: http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Correlation+between+high+risk+obesity+groups+and+low+socioeconomic...-a0158957732