Improving Ecosystem Services From Agricultural Lands
Transcript of Improving Ecosystem Services From Agricultural Lands
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Improving Ecosystem Services From Agricultural
LandsOpportunities for Drainage Water Management to Deliver Improved Ecosystem Services
More QuantifiableLower CostsBetter Meet Market Requirements
Alex Echolshttp://sandcounty.net
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Multiple Ecosystem Services Are DEPENDANT on Private Lands
1. Water – 80% of Precipitation in Continental US Falls on Private Lands
2. Wildlife – vast majority of wildlife have habitat on private lands
3. Endangered Species – 80% of listed species have Critical Habitat on private lands
4. Multiple other ES come from private lands – ieCO2-e, flood reduction, & FOOD
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Increasing Demands on Agriculture• Food
– World Population projected between 9 and 12 billion by 2050
– 30% increase in protein per capita (World Wide!)– Need as much food in next 50 years as in the
history of agriculture• Fuel – Conversion to fuel uses almost as much US
corn as is used for animal feed. It exceeds usage for export, food and seed combined
• Declining land basis
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Improving Agricultural ProductionCauses of Crop Loss Iowa
Data courtesy of Chad Hart, Managing Risk in Agriculture, Iowa State University, June 2013
40%
27%
4%3%
12%
2%2%4%
6%
Corn 1948‐2010
DroughtExcess MoistureFloodFrostHailInsectsPlant DiseaseWindOther
28%
27%6%2%
29%
2% 5%
Soy 1955 ‐ 2010
Other
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Massive Intensification of Ecosystem Services From Ag Lands Needed
• Ag production will continue to increase to meet food and fuel demands
• Land base will continue to decline• We need more ecosystem services produced
on a smaller and more highly managed land base
• We need to build systems to encourage more not less ecosystem production in a competitive environment
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Environmental OutcomesLake Erie (The World Has Changed?)
Toledo
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How Water Moves Off Ag Lands
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Agricultural Drainage
(Jaynes and James 2008)
Percentage Drained
<1%
1‐10%10 – 25%25 – 50%>50%
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Drainage Water ManagementTILE LINE MANAGEMENT (practice 1)
Seasonal Schedule
Winter Spring
Summer Fall
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Fully Instrumented/Automated
ControlMeasureReport
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Drainage Water ManagementBIOREACTOR (practice 2)
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Bioreactor
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Drainage Water Management SATURATED BUFFER (practice 3)
Top View
Side View
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Advantage Of DWM, Bioreactors, Saturated Buffers, To Advance Markets1. Each practice performance highly reliable2. Each practice performance highly
quantifiable3. Each practice performance easily 3rd party
certified4. Each practice a capital investment that will
operate for years5. Cost – out performs other nutrient
strategies