Important Important events that events that happened in happened in

the 60’sthe 60’s

Year 1960 – Valdivia/Chilean Year 1960 – Valdivia/Chilean earthquakeearthquake

This earthquake is the most powerful This earthquake is the most powerful earthquake ever recorded on Earth. It had earthquake ever recorded on Earth. It had the rating of 9,5 and it occurred in the the rating of 9,5 and it occurred in the afternoon with an epicinter in Lumaco, afternoon with an epicinter in Lumaco, south Santiago. Its resulting tsunami south Santiago. Its resulting tsunami affected several places – southern Chile, affected several places – southern Chile, Japan, Hawaii, the Philippines, eastern New Japan, Hawaii, the Philippines, eastern New Zealand, southeast Australia and a couple Zealand, southeast Australia and a couple of islands in Alaska. Over 5700 lives were of islands in Alaska. Over 5700 lives were lost, and different lost, and different sources have estimated sources have estimated that the monetary cost ranged from 400 that the monetary cost ranged from 400 million to 800 million US dollars.million to 800 million US dollars.

1960 – Alfred Hitchcock’s 1960 – Alfred Hitchcock’s “Psycho”“Psycho”

PsychoPsycho is an American suspense/psychological is an American suspense/psychological horror movie directed by Alfred Hitchcock starring horror movie directed by Alfred Hitchcock starring starring Janet Leigh and Anthony Perkins. The film starring Janet Leigh and Anthony Perkins. The film is based on the screenplay by Joseph Stefano, who is based on the screenplay by Joseph Stefano, who adapted it from the 1959 novel of the same name adapted it from the 1959 novel of the same name

by Robert Bloch. The novel was loosely inspired by by Robert Bloch. The novel was loosely inspired by the crimes of Wisconsin murderer and grave robber the crimes of Wisconsin murderer and grave robber Ed Gein, who lived just 40 miles from Bloch. Ed Gein, who lived just 40 miles from Bloch. PsychoPsycho

initially received mixed reviews, but outstanding initially received mixed reviews, but outstanding box office returns prompted a re-review which was box office returns prompted a re-review which was overwhelmingly positive and led to four Academy overwhelmingly positive and led to four Academy Award nominations. Award nominations. PsychoPsycho is now considered one is now considered one of Hitchcock's best films and is highly praised as a of Hitchcock's best films and is highly praised as a

work of cinematic art by international critics. work of cinematic art by international critics.

Psycho Psycho movie movie posterposter

1961 – Yuri Gagarin – the first human in outer

space•Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin (9

March 1934 – 27 March 1968) was a Soviet pilot and

cosmonaut. He was the first human to journey into outer

space, when his Vostok spacecraft completed an orbit of

the Earth on April 12, 1961.

1961 – Berlin Wall The Berlin Wall was a barrier

constructed by the German Democratic Republic (GDR, East Germany) starting on 13 August 1961, that completely cut off West Berlin from surrounding East Germany and from East Berlin.

1962 – Death of Marilyn Monroe

• Marilyn Monroe was an American actress, singer, model and showgirl starring in a number of commercially

successful motion pictures during the 1950s. Monroe was found dead in the bedroom of her Brentwood home by her psychiatrist Ralph Greenson after he was called by Monroe's housekeeper Eunice Murray on August 5,

1962. She was 36 years old at the time of her death. Her death was ruled to be "barbiturate poisoning" by Dr.

Thomas Noguchi of the Los Angeles County Coroners office and listed as "probable suicide". Many individuals, including Jack Clemmons, the first Los Angeles Police Department officer to arrive at the death scene, believe that she was murdered. No murder charges were ever

filed. The death of Monroe has since become one of the most debated conspiracy theories of all time.

1963 – Assasination of JFK1963 – Assasination of JFK John Fitzgerald Kennedy, the thirty-fifth President of the John Fitzgerald Kennedy, the thirty-fifth President of the

United States, was assassinated at 12:30 p.m. Central United States, was assassinated at 12:30 p.m. Central Standard Time on Friday, November 22, 1963, in Dealey Standard Time on Friday, November 22, 1963, in Dealey

Plaza, Dallas, Texas. Kennedy was fatally shot while Plaza, Dallas, Texas. Kennedy was fatally shot while traveling with his wife Jacqueline, Texas governor John traveling with his wife Jacqueline, Texas governor John Connally, and the latter's wife Nellie, in a Presidential Connally, and the latter's wife Nellie, in a Presidential

motorcade. The ten-month investigation by the Warren motorcade. The ten-month investigation by the Warren Commission, 1963–1964, concluded that the President Commission, 1963–1964, concluded that the President was assassinated by Lee Harvey Oswald acting alone was assassinated by Lee Harvey Oswald acting alone and that Jack Ruby acted alone when he killed Oswald and that Jack Ruby acted alone when he killed Oswald

before he could stand trial. These conclusions were before he could stand trial. These conclusions were initially supported by the American public; however, initially supported by the American public; however,

polls conducted from 1966 to 2004 found that as many polls conducted from 1966 to 2004 found that as many as 80 percent of Americans have suspected that there as 80 percent of Americans have suspected that there

was a plot or cover-up. The assassination is still the was a plot or cover-up. The assassination is still the subject of widespread debate and has spawned subject of widespread debate and has spawned

numerous conspiracy theories and alternative scenarios. numerous conspiracy theories and alternative scenarios.

1964 - The Beatles' first national TV appearance

• Although they had by this time made 11 appearances on regional and independent television programmes in Britain, this was

The Beatles' debut on the BBC, giving them a nationwide audience for the first time. They

appeared on the corporation's The 625 Show, which featured "up and coming young talent",

to perform three songs. The show was recorded at the BBC's Lime Grove Studios in Shepherd's Bush, west London. The Beatles arrived for a band call between 10.30am and

11.30am. From 11.30am-1pm there was a rehearsal in front of the cameras, and again

between 2.15pm and 3.45pm. A final rehearsal took place between 4.30pm and 6pm. The recording itself took place from

7.30-8.15pm. The Beatles performed From Me To You, Thank You Girl and Please Please Me. The last song closed the show, and for it the group was joined by the other guests on

stage.

The Beatles in 1964

1965 – Vietnam War

• The Vietnam War was a Cold War - era military conflict that occurred in

Vietnam. The U.S. government viewed involvement in the war as a

way to prevent a communist takeover of South Vietnam as part of their

wider strategy. US soldiers were sent to fight in the Vietnam War.

1965 – Carnaby Street

• Carnaby Street is a pedestrianised shopping street in London, United Kingdom, located in the Soho district, near Oxford Street and Regent Street. It is home to

numerous fashion and lifestyle retailers, including a large number of independent fashion boutiques. Streets

intersecting, or meeting with, Carnaby Street are, from south to north, Beak Street, Broadwick Street, Kingly Court, Ganton Street, Marlborough Court, Lowndes Court, Fouberts Place, Little Marlborough Street and

Great Marlborough Street. The nearest London Underground station is Oxford Circus tube station. In

1965, this street became one of the biggest centres of the pop fashion world.

1966 – The landing of Luna 9

• Luna 9 (E-6 series) was an unmanned space mission of the Soviet Union's Luna program. On February 3, 1966 the Luna 9

spacecraft was the first spacecraft to achieve a soft landing on any planetary body other than Earth and to transmit

photographic data to Earth.

1967 – First successful heart transplant operation

• Christiaan Neethling Barnard was a South African cardiac surgeon who performed the world's first successful human-to-human heart transplant. He performed the world's first human

heart transplant operation on 3 December 1967, in an operation assisted by his brother, Marius Barnard; the

operation lasted nine hours and used a team of thirty people. The patient, Louis Washkansky, was a 54-year-old grocer,

suffering from diabetes and incurable heart disease. Barnard later wrote, "For a dying man it is not a difficult decision

because he knows he is at the end. If a lion chases you to the bank of a river filled with crocodiles, you will leap into the water, convinced you have a chance to swim to the other

side." The donor heart came from a young woman, Denise Darvall, who had been rendered brain damaged in an

accident on December 2, 1967, while crossing a street in Cape Town. After securing permission from Darvall's father to

use her heart, Barnard performed the transplant.

1968 - Mission Apollo 7

• Apollo 7 was launched from Cape Kennedy, at 11:02:45 a.m., EST, on October 11, 1968 from launch complex 34. The spacecraft crew consisted of commander Walter M. Schirra, Jr., command module pilot Donn F. Eisele, and Walter Cunningham as lunar module pilot. Apollo 7 carried a lunar module pilot, but no lunar module.

• Apollo 7 spent more time in space than all the Soviet space flights combined up to that time. The mission featured the first live TV from a manned spacecraft.

1969 – Mission Apollo 11

• Apollo 11 was the spaceflight which landed the first humans, Neil Armstrong and Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin, Jr, on Earth's Moon on July 20, 1969, at 20:17:39 UTC. The

United States mission is considered the major accomplishment in the history of space exploration. Launched from the Kennedy Space Center Launch

Complex 39 in Merritt Island, Florida on July 16, Apollo 11 was the fifth manned mission, and the third lunar

mission, of NASA's Apollo program. Apollo 11 fulfilled U.S. President John F. Kennedy's goal of reaching the Moon before the Soviet Union by the end of the 1960s,

which he had expressed during a 1961 mission statement before the United States Congress. Five

additional Apollo missions landed on the Moon between 1969 and 1972.

Apollo 11 landing on the Moon

Credits: Ilina Dimovska VII-4

FINISHED PRESENTATION

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