Implementation of renewable energy resources in India

Presented by,Neha Chouhan

IVth sem

1) Energy crises2) Renewable energy3) Solar energy4) Solar updraft tower5) Parts of solar updraft tower6) Working of solar updraft tower7) Role of collector8) Role of chimney9) Role of turbine10)Output dependence

Content

11) Governing equation 12) Cost evaluation13) Advantages14) Disadvantages15) Conclusion

Continued…………

Currently earths most of the renewable energy is depleted by human needs.

Some of the renewable energy resources areNatural gas

Petroleum

Coal

Nuclear energy

Energy Crises

Renewable energy is generally defined as energy that comes from resources which are naturally replenished on a human timescale.

Wind energy Hydro energy Tidal energy Solar energy

Renewable Energy

Solar energy refers to the conversion of the sun’s rays into useful forms of energy.

Implemented in these way: Solar cells Solar heaters Parabolic dishes SOLAR TOWER

Solar energy

The solar updraft tower is renewable type  power plant.

Solar updraft towers are like an inverted funnel, with a wide skirt to collect air to then turn a turbine in the tower 

Solar updraft tower

Collector Chimney or tower Turbine

Parts of solar updraft tower

Collector is the part, which is used to produce hot air by green-house effect.

It is usually 5-6 meters high and covers a very large area about thousands of m²

The larger the area, the more energy generated from the chimney.

Covering materials may be different, such as; glass, plastic film or glazed collector.

The most efficient one is glazed collector. It can convert up to 70% of irradiated solar energy into heat.

Collector

The efficiency is proportional to the height of the chimney.

There are two types of different chimneys using for the plant:

Free standing chimney guyed chimney.

The chimney should be designed to minimize the frictional losses

And to maximize the pressure difference in the tower.

Chimney or tower

Turbines are used to convert kinetic energy of air into the mechanical energy.

Turbines are placed horizontally in chimney, vertically in the collector.

In order to obtain maximum energy from the warmed air, turbines blades should cover all the cross-sectional area of the chimney. To do this, one big turbine or a few small turbines should be used in chimney

Turbine

Two basic principle behind solar updraft tower are :Green house effect and buoyancy driven flow

Incident solar radiation heats the air under the collector .

The temperature difference causes a pressure drop over the height of chimney resulting in an upwind which is converted into mechanical energy by the turbines and then into electricity via conventional generators.

How does a solar updraft tower works?

The solar tower uses a greenhouse-like collector to heat the air that drives the power plant.

The collector surface gradually rises closer to the tower, to direct the heated air towards the tower, then curves up sharply at the base of the tower in order to transition the air flow up the tower

Collector is about 2 to 6 m stretched above the ground. The height of the roof increases adjacent to the

chimney base.

Role of collector

The chimney (or tower) of a solar updraft tower is the thermal engine of the plant.

The heated air from the collector is funneled into the chimney, where the buoyancy difference between the heated air and the surrounding atmosphere creates a pressure difference that drives the air up the chimney.

Role of chimney

Turbines are placed near the bottom of the tower.

For ease of access for maintenance and easy connection to the generating equipment.

A single turbine can be mounted on vertical axes inside the chimney.

Role of turbine

Water filled black tubes are laid down side by side on the black sheeted or sprayed soil under the glass roof collector.

They are filled with water once and remain closed thereafter, so that no evaporation can take place.

The water inside the tubes stores a part of the solar heat and releases it during the night, when the air in the collector cools down.

Energy storage

The power output of the tower is directly related to the input power and the efficiencies of each component. That is,

Where,

Qsolar =power input from solar radiation

η= efficiency of each component

The product of the efficiencies determines the overall efficiency of the plant

Governing Equations

The main cost of a solar updraft tower is in its construction. Operation and maintenance are minimal.

Cost evaluation

It can be operated in day as well as night .

It is releases any greenhouse gases .

Low maintenance

Cultivation of crops

Needs no cooling water

Advantages

High construction cost Requires a large amount of initial capital

Efficiency & Production Cost Cost/kWh is higher than traditional forms of natural

gas energy production

Requires large amount of land Not suitable for areas with high cost/acre

Disadvantages

Current energy production from coal and oil is damaging our environment and non renewable energy sources .

SOLAR ENERGY IS THE ANSWERTechnology for the use of solar energy must be:

-Be simple and reliable

-Be accessible to the technologically less

developed countries that are sunny and often have limited raw materials resources.

Conclusion

SOLAR UPDRAFT TOWER MEETS

THESE CONDITION!!!!

KEEP CALM N

GO SOLAR