Imperialism in the 18Imperialism in the 18thth & 19 & 19thth CenturiesCenturies

IMPERIALISM (1770s-1914)IMPERIALISM (1770s-1914)

Industrialized nations Industrialized nations (Europe, U.S., Russia, and later (Europe, U.S., Russia, and later Japan) strengthened their Japan) strengthened their control over their colonies AND control over their colonies AND established transoceanic established transoceanic empires throughout Asia, the empires throughout Asia, the Pacific, and Africa.Pacific, and Africa.

Imperialism is this extension Imperialism is this extension of political and economic of political and economic control.control.

European Colonies - 1700European Colonies - 1700

Industrialized nations control Industrialized nations control by 1900by 1900

The partition of Africa 1800sThe partition of Africa 1800s

The partition of Africa 1914The partition of Africa 1914

An example from China- the An example from China- the Opium Wars 1830sOpium Wars 1830s

Silver to China!Silver to China!

Tea & SilkTea & Silkfrom Chinafrom China

Opium Warehouse - IndiaOpium Warehouse - India

BLOCKADE OF FOREIGN BLOCKADE OF FOREIGN FACTORIESFACTORIES

Opium War 1839Opium War 1839

Treaty of NanjingTreaty of Nanjing

The British Empire 19The British Empire 19thth century century

WHY did industrialized WHY did industrialized nations seek to control nations seek to control

other areas of the other areas of the world in the 18world in the 18thth and and

1919thth centuries? centuries?

Western nations wanted: Western nations wanted: PROFIT!!PROFIT!!

Industrialized Industrialized nations wanted nations wanted access to: access to:

raw materials raw materials for their for their factoriesfactories

markets for their factory markets for their factory productsproducts

To control the trade of valuable To control the trade of valuable products around the world.products around the world.

Missionaries, aid societies, and Missionaries, aid societies, and others wanted to “Christianize” others wanted to “Christianize” and/or “civilize” people in less and/or “civilize” people in less developed regions.developed regions.

HOW did they do it?HOW did they do it?

Industrialized nations: Industrialized nations: Used their stronger Used their stronger

militaries (using superior militaries (using superior firepower, military firepower, military technology, & navies)technology, & navies)

U.S. Troops in the PhilippinesU.S. Troops in the Philippines

Industrialized nations: Industrialized nations: Used their wealth for Used their wealth for

influenceinfluence Had support by Had support by

industrialists, military, and industrialists, military, and religious groupsreligious groups

Industrialized nations had: Industrialized nations had: Medicines and medical technologyMedicines and medical technology

JUSTIFICATION for JUSTIFICATION for ImperialismImperialism

Widespread belief among Widespread belief among imperial powers that imperial powers that European (or Japanese) races European (or Japanese) races SHOULD dominate the world.SHOULD dominate the world.

SOCIAL DARWINISM – survival SOCIAL DARWINISM – survival of the world’s best racesof the world’s best races

British control of IndiaBritish control of India