Impedance Protection for Power Transformer

7/24/2019 Impedance Protection for Power Transformer

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Restricted © Siemens AG 20XX siemens.com

Impedance Protection

for Power TransformersTexas A&M Relay Conference/ March-April 2015



2014-11-12

Restricted © Siemens AG 2014

Gs!a" #!eyn$erg / %M %A PR 'M1

Scope

Deveopment of protection

!ectromec"anica #icroprocessor

Discrete f$nction Diverse f$nctions in one device



2014-11-12


Page ( Gs!a" #!eyn$erg / %M %A PR 'M1

Scope

#ana%in% t"e diversit& ' (omm$nication )*

)es* i! is s!ill a pro!ec!ion relay

Co++nica!ion is a cen!ral aspec!

of +l!i-fnc!ion pro!ec!ion ,e"ice



2014-11-12



Scope

#ana%in% t"e diversit& ')*

ncreasing !he n+$er of Measring

Poin!s a,,s ne. applica!ion

possi$ili!ies

eg Ml!iple ee,ers.i!h one relay



2014-11-12



Scope

#ana%in% t"e diversit& ' (onfi%$ration S*

#!ep $y s!ep engineering

%fficien!configra!ion

sof!.are



2014-11-12


Page Gs!a" #!eyn$erg / %M %A PR 'M1

Inte%ration of m$tipe +$nctions in a sin%e I!D

Many op!ions !o op!i+i3e !he pro!ec!ion an, re,n,ancy concep!

%cono+ics of s$s!a!ion pro!ec!ion ge!s an all ne. perspec!i"e

(ompete

diameterwit" a

sin%e I!D

,a& RT- for ,$s Protection

,a& RT- for ,$s Protection


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Page Gs!a" #!eyn$erg / %M %A PR 'M1

Impedance protection for vario$s tass

#ingle Phase loops e"ala!e, .i!ho!

gron, crren! or 3ero seence "ol!age

Genera!ors / Mo!ors / Transfor+ers

6arios op!ions7

8' / Ca$les

#)/

R#D

assic

$ad

#elec! !he $es! si!e, +pe,ance Pro!ec!ion for !he applica!ion




Page 9 Gs!a" #!eyn$erg / %M %A PR 'M1

!ampe

T"e appication of impedance protection on 3 side

of distri5$tion transformer

Tas:;

1 Pro!ec!ion for 22:6 $sfal!s

2 <ac:-p pro!ec!ion for 22:6

ee,ers

( <ac:-p pro!ec!ion for

Transfor+er

4 =<ac:-fee,= pro!ec!ion for

!ransfor+er an, 110 :6 <s

Tas:;

1 Pro!ec!ion for 22:6 $sfal!s

2 <ac:-p pro!ec!ion for 22:6

ee,ers

( <ac:-p pro!ec!ion for

Transfor+er

4 =<ac:-fee,= pro!ec!ion for

!ransfor+er an, 110 :6 <s




Page > Gs!a" #!eyn$erg / %M %A PR 'M1

Scope

22 ,$s Protection ' T"is is a #ain Protection

6one 17

22 ,$s Protection '

reverse interocin%

#!an,ar, Ph-G an, Ph-Ph ,is!ance pro!ec!ion fal!

,e!ec!ion

?one 1 reach gra,e, .i!h ee,er Pro!ec!ion

Re"erse in!erloc:ing allo.s fas! an, selec!i"e fal!

clearance





Scope

22 +eeder ,ac$p protection ' time %raded

6one 27

5ac$p 22 feeders

The @re+o!e= $ac:-p pro!ec!ion of !he 22 :6ee,ers is a cen!ral fnc!ion in !his ,e"ice; ?one 2 reach +s! +a!ch !he fee,er pro!ec!ion

co"erage

'oa, encroach+en! li+i!s reach

#ingle pro!ec!ion ,e"ice per fee,er

#ingle Trip coil/circi! per $rea:er

Re,n,ancy flly ,epen,an! on re+o!e $ac:p

#pecial Ph-G an, Ph-Ph ,is!ance pro!ec!ion !o

o$!ain large reach .i!ho! loa, encroach+en!

?one 2 !i+e gra,e, .i!h ee,er Pro!ec!ion





Scope

Transformer 5ac$p protection

6one 87

90: of Xtrfr

6one 47

120: Xtrfr

The $ac:p pro!ec!ion of !he Transfor+er fro+ '6si,e has gaine, i+por!ance ,e !o ,ecen!rali3e,

genera!ion; #pecial fal! ,e!ec!ion/+easre+en! is reire, eg

single phase loop .i!h no 3ero seence crren! or

"ol!age





Scope

/ne impedance protection ' different re;$irements

6one 17

22 ,$s Protection '

reverse interocin%

6one 27

5ac$p 22 feeders

6one 87

5ac$p Transformer

6one 47

5ac$p Transformer




Page 1( Gs!a" #!eyn$erg / %M %A PR 'M1

6one 17 22v ,$s Protection

Reverse Interocin% sc"eme

Main Pro!ec!ion for 22:6 <s al!s

#e!!ing co-or,ina!ion .i!h leas!

sensi!i"e fee,er pro!ec!ion





6one 27 22v +eeder ,ac$p

Impedance protection fa$t criteria

Ms! ,epen,a$ly clear Re+o!e al!s

May no! !rip ,e !o loa,







Ioad<

10=0A

Ioad<

800A

3oad Impedance c$tsdeep into t"e re;$ired

6one 2 reac"

?one 2 co"erage

reire, for relia$le

$ac:p of fee,er

pro!ec!ion






P">P" oop reac"es into oad c$to$t ?eampe@

Mini++ ? loa, Bexa+ple for 40 M6AD >1 E

Reire, reach of ?one 2 !o co"er

a fee,er /C se!!ing of 400 A

D2 E

+a$ts "ere m$st 5e ceared

for reia5e red$ndanc&



2014-11-12



6one 27 22v +eeder ,ac$p > R#D ' Impedance7

P">P" oop on& responds to fa$ts

#$tipe criteria oop

seection7

I d dI B

⋅⋅−⋅

⋅

=FCB-+

F-+

subI

C I

LineZ

BI

LineZ

subI

BC V

m

3oop e;$ation poariCed wit" I2 < Is$5

o +easre+en! ,ring $alance, loa,

Ph-Ph loop reach res!raine, ,ring $alance,

loa,

1

2



2014-11-12



6one 8 and 47 Transformer ,ac$p


86 Ph-G fal! is +easre, a! approx 150H .i!h Ph-Ph loop

86 Ph-Ph fal! is +easre, a! 100H .i!h =Ph-G= loop

The =Ph-G loop= .ill ha"e no 3ero seence crren! or "ol!age



2014-11-12


Page 1> Gs!a" #!eyn$erg / %M %A PR 'M1


!ampe AG +a$t on ) side

(A oopA G

+ a $

t



2014-11-12



Sim$ated AG +a$t on ) ,$s

IA 6ol!age ,rops !o ?ero

86 6ol!age

Pre-fal! al!

'6 6ol!age

Pre-fal! al!

86 Crren!

Pre-fal! al!e,

'6 Crren!

Pre-fal! al!

ICA 6ol!age ,ecreases

al! crren! only ph A

o loa, crren!

al! crren! C J A



2014-11-12



3 side 3oop (A meas$rement

d$rin% AG fa$t on ) 5$s

(A oopA

G + a $ t

CA loop +easres fal! loca!ion D 15 !i+es K1 !rfr



2014-11-12




!ampe ,( +a$t on ) side

,G oop

, (

+ a $

t

Correc! loop for i+pe,ance pro!ec!ion is =<G= o ?ero #eence crren!

o ?ero #eence "ol!age



2014-11-12


Page 2( Gs!a" #!eyn$erg / %M %A PR 'M1

(ontradictin% Re;$irements

?one ( an, 4 +s! selec! =Ph-G= loops .hen !hereis no 3ero seence crren! or "ol!age

?one 2 +s! co"er re+o!e fal!s insi,e loa, c!-

o! J only pic:-p Ph-G loops .i!h 3ero seence

crren!/"ol!age



2014-11-12



(ompromise So$tion

+pe,ance pro!ec!ion .i!h

no specific loop selec!ion

In$loc: ?one 2

<loc: Ph-G loop

A,,i!ional Cri!eria;

0

I0

2

,

,6

e!c

Iser ,efine, logic;

Prone !o progra++ing errors !ha! .ill no! $e fon,

,ring nor+al co++issioning !es!



2014-11-12



App& two different Impedance protections

?one 1 an, 2

?one ( an, 4

$!ain !he $es! possi$le pro!ec!ion for each 3one .i!h ?%R CMPRM#%



2014 11 12


P 2 G ! #! $ / %M %A PR 'M1

(onc$sion

#!ep $y s!ep engineering

%fficien!configra!ion

sof!.are

p!i+i3e, Resl!s

Impedance Protection for Power Transformer

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