Impact Assessment Study - Resource...
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Sweden Madrassah Mainstream Project Impact Assessment Study Madrassah Mainstream Project Impact Assessment Study Report by: Fawad Usman Khan
Transcript of Impact Assessment Study - Resource...
Sweden
Madrassah Mainstream ProjectImpact Assessment StudyMadrassah Mainstream ProjectImpact Assessment StudyReport by:Fawad Usman Khan
Sweden
Madrassah Mainstream ProjectImpact Assessment Study
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!"Introduction - Madrassahs in Pakistan
Sweden
1. Introduction - Madrassahs in Pakistan
1.1 Background!"#$%&'()*#&+,)'-$'* $.+/&+00+"0$'&$10(+.)2$02"''(0$)-$.32"$'* $,"#$430().$5'&(/$"+0$6##-$'* $%+&,)23(+&$2'-2#&-$,'$,"#$5#0,$*'(('7)-8$,"#$,#&&'&)0,$+,,+290$'* $::$;#%,#.6#&$<$=>>:?$!"#$%#&2#)@#/$()-9+8#$6#,7##-$&+/)2+($10(+.)2$#/32+,)'-$+-/$.)(),+-,$6#"+@)'3&$+8+)-0,$5#0,#&-$)-,#�,0<$"+0$(#/$/#@#('%.#-,$+8#-2)#0$+-/$8'@#&-.#-,0$,'$*'230$,"#)&$�'3&2#0$'-$#/32+,)'-+($&#*'&.?$A'7#@#&<$,"#&#$)0$ (),,(#$+3,"#-,)2$�#+&2"$8&'3-/#/$'-$,"#$0'2)'B#-@)&'-.#-,+($&'',0$'* $,")0$%"#-'.#-'-$+-/$),0$2'-0#C3#-2#0?$5")(#$,"#$,'%)2$"+0$#)@#/$7)/#0%&#+/$.#/)+$2'@#&+8#$+-/$"+0$6##-$/)02300#/$7),")-$,"#$6&'+/#&$2'-,#D,$'* $&+/)2+($10(+.)0+,)'-<$,"#$E�#+&2"F$"+0$8#-#&+((G$6##-$6+0#/$'-$7)/#$&+-8)-8$'60#&@+,)'-+($+22'3-,0?
H(($.+/&+00+"0$%&'@)/#$*&##$&#()8)'30$#/32+,)'-$+-/$+(0'$'**#&$*&##$6'+&/)-8$+-/$('/8)-8$,'$0,3/#-,0$7"'$2'.#$.+)-(G$*&'.$,"#$%''&#&$0,&+,+$'* $0'2)#,G$+-/$-',$-#2#00+&)(G$*&'.$,"#$2'..3-),)#0$,"#G$+&#$6+0#/$)-?$1-,#�,)-8(G<$,"#&#$0##.0$,'$6#$+-$3-7&),B,#-$0G0,#.$3-/#&$7")2"$.+/&+00+"0$'* $ 0+.#$02"''($'* $ ,"'38",$%&'.',#$ )-,#&B2),G$#D2"+-8#$'* $ 0,3/#-,0?$H$0,3/G$ )-$:IIJ$&#@#+(#/$,"+,$,")0$%&+2,)2#$)0$%&#@+(#-,$,'$.+9#$),$/)**)23(,$*'&$�)/#-,$0,3/#-,0$,'$&3-$+7+G?$;'.#$&)2"$+-/$.)//(#$2(+00$*+.)()#0$+(0'$0#-/$,"#)&$2")(/&#-$,'$.+/&+00+"0$*'&$K3&+-)2$(#00'-0$+-/$.#.'&)L+,)'-$7"#&#$,"#G$+&#$303+((G$/+G$0,3/#-,0?$!"#$.',)@#$)0$303+((G$,'$8#,$6#-#*),0$)-$,"#$"#&#+*,#&?
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�$,'$,"#$O'-0,),3#-,$H00#.6(G$'-$H3830,$::<$:IJR?$H(,"'38"$2'-,#.%'&+&G$P+9)0,+-)$ )/#-,),G$ )0$+-2"'&#/$)-$10(+.<$,"#$0'2)#,G$'**#&0$+$7)/#$0%#2,&3.$'* $
23(,3&+($+-/$0'2)+($-'&.0$7")2"$0"'7$,"+,$+,$(#+0,$,"#$#/32+,#/$2),)L#-0$*+@'3&$.'/#&+B,)'-$+-/$,'(#&+-2#?$
1.2 Madrassahs in Pakistan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
;'.#$ '* $ ,"#0#$ .+/&+00+"0$ +&#$ &3-$ '-$ %36()2$ %")(+-,"&'%G$ +-/$',"#&0$ '-$ *'&#)8-$ /'-+,)'-0?$ !"#$ 23&&)23(3.$ '* $
2'-,#.%'&+&G$ .+/&+00+"0$ '*,#-$%&'@)/#0$ +$ 2'-0,&+)-#/$7'&(/@)#7$7")2"$6#+&0$(),,(#$�#.6(+-2#$ ,'$ ,&+/),)'-+($10(+.)2$#/32+,)'-$)-$),0$")0,'&)B2+($2'-,#D,?
!"#&#$ +&#$ *)@#$ /)0,)-2,$ ,G%#0$ '* $4+/&+00+"0$ )-$ P+9)0,+-<$ /)@)/#/$+.'-8$ 0#2,+&)+-$ +-/$ %'(),)2+($ ()-#0?$
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
A'7#@#&<$ ,"#&#$7+0$+$9#G$ *+2,'&$',"#&$ ,"+-$%'@#&,G$ ,"+,$%(+G#/$+$2&),)2+($ &'(#$ )-$ ,"#$#D%'-#-,)+($8&'7,"$ )-$ ,"#$-3.6#&$'* $.+/&+00+"0$ *&'.$ ,"#$ #+&(G$ :IS>0$'-7+&/0?$!"#$;'@)#,$'223%+,)'-$'* $H*8"+-)0,+-$8+@#$ ,"#$ &#+($ ).%#,30$ ,'$ ,"#$ 8&'7,"$'* $.+/&+00+"0<$.)(),+-,$8&'3%0$+-/$0).)(+&$'&8+-)L+,)'-0$_$,"#$(+,,#&$,7'$7#&#$,&+)-#/$+-/$#C3)%%#/$,'$7+8#$,"#$E"'(G$`)"+/F$)-$H*8"+-)0,+-?$1,$ )0$-',$2(#+&$"'7$.32"$'* $,"#$�%'-0)6)(),)#0$7#&#$0"'3(/#&#/$6G$0'.#$'* $,"#$0#(#2,#/$.+/&+00+"0$63,$),$ )0$/)**)23(,$,'$&3(#$'3,$)/#'('8)2+(<$.'&+($+-/$('8)0,)2$03%%'&,$,'$.)(),+-,$+2,)@),)#0$)-$H*8"+-)0,+-?
1.3 Wafaq-ul-Madaris!"#&#$)0$+$0#.)-+&G$6'+&/$)-$P+9)0,+-$2+((#/$1,,#"+/$!+-L).+,$4+/+&)0B#B]##-)G+<$+$*#/#&+,)'-$'* $,"#$*)@#$5+C*0$V0#.)-+&G$6'+&/0X?$1,$&#%�#-,0$]#'6+-/)<$W#&+)(@)<$H"(B#$A+/),"<$;")+$+-/$Q+.++,B#B10(+.)$02"''(0$'* $,"'38",a
+-/$,"#$(+&8#0,$'* $+(($,"#$*)@#$6'+&/0?
!"#$#0,).+,#/$-3.6#&$'* $;3--)$.+/&+00+"0$)0a$]#'6+-/)$VR>>>$.+/&+00+"0X<$W#&+)(#@)$VJ>>>$.+/&+00+"0X<$5+C+*3($4+/+&)0$H(B;")+$VJ>>$.+/&+00+"0X$+-/$,"#$&#.+)-)-8$6#('-8$,'$H"(#B#BA+/),"$+-/$Q+.++,B#B10(+.)Z$63,$,"#&#$.+G$6#$+$(+&8#$-3.6#&$'* $3-)0,#&#/$.+/&+00+"0$ +0$ 7#((?$ !"#$]##-)$4+/+&)0$b&/)-+-2#$ =>>=$ 2+((0$ *'&$ @'(3-,+&G$ +-/$ -',$.+-/+,'&G$ )0,&+,)'-?$
!+*7)L<$;"+&)+"<$A+/),"<$4+-,)C$+-/$430().$A)0,'&G?$4'0,$'* $,"#$0,3/#-,0$+&#$*&'.$%''&$0#2,)'-0$'* $,"#$0'2)#,G$+-/$,"#G$+&#$8#-#&+((G$%&'@)/#/$7),"$*&##$#/32+,)'-$7),"$+22'..'/+,)'-<$*''/$+-/$#@#-$2(',"#0$*'&$-'-$�)/#-,$0,3/#-,0?$;3--)$.+/&+00+"0$+&#$,+38",$@+&)'30$*'&.0$'* $]+&0B#BN)L+.)$,+9)-8$+6'3,$SB:>$G#+&0?
1.4 Madrassah Reforms and Regulation Effortsc'(('7)-8$,"#$Id::$+,,+290<$,"#$P+9)0,+-)$8'@#&-.#-,$.+/#$0#@#&+($+,,#.%,0$,'$6&)-8$+6'3,$2"+-8#0$)-$,"#$.+/&+00+"$#/32+,)'-$
$6G$ %&'@)/)-8$ +00)0,+-2#$ ,'$.'/#&-)L#$ ,"#)&$ 23&&)23(3.<$ 63G$ 2'.%3,#&0<$ +-/$ )-,&'/32#$ ;2)#-2#<$ ;'2)+($ ;,3/)#0$ +-/$M-8()0"$(+-83+8#$,#+2")-8$)* $,"#G$7#&#$7)(()-8$,'$)0,#&$,"#.0#(@#0$7),"$,"#$8'@#&-.#-,?$!"#$+,,#.%,$*+)(#/$2'.%(#,#(G$+0$-'-#$'* $,"#$02"''(0$'* $,"'38",$+(('7#/$,"#$8'@#&-.#-,$,'$).%(#.#-,$#@#-$,"#$.'0,$.'/#&+,#$'* $&#*'&.0?$N#+&(G$U<>>>$.)(()'-$&3%##0$%(#/8#/$*'&$,"#$)-,#&@#-,)'-$7#&#$-#@#&$3,)()L#/?$!7'$(+70$7#&#$%+00#/a$'-#<$,'$2&#+,#$0,+,#B2'-,&'((#/$.+/&+00+"0$V4'/#($])-)$4+/+&)0<$=>>:XZ$ ,7'<$,'$)0,#&$+-/$2'-,&'($ ,"#.$V=>>=X?$!"#$*)&0,$"+/$.'/#&+,#$0322#00<$+0$0'.#$&#()8)'30$ )-0,),3,)'-0$8',$)0,#&#/$)-$=>>Y$7),"$,"#$P+9)0,+-$4+/&+00+"$M/32+,)'-$W'+&/?$A'7#@#&<$,"#$,"&##$+(,#&-+,)@#$)-0,),3,)'-0$),$2&#+,#/$03**#&$'&8+-)0+,)'-+($/)**)23(,)#0?$!"#$0#2'-/$7+0$3-%'%3(+&$7),"$,"#$.+/&+00+"0$+-/$-',+6(#$%&'8�$"+0$-',$6##-$.+/#Z$+(,"'38"$,"#$8'@#&-.#-,$)0$.+9)-8$),$/)**)23(,$*'&$*'&#)8-$0,3/#-,0$,'$`')-$.+/&+00+"0$)-$P+9)0,+-?$e+,#(G<$,"#$f'@#&-.#-,$'* $P+9)0,+-$7+0$3-+6(#$,'$3,)()L#$0360,+-,)+($*'&#)8-$*3-/0$,'$)-,&'/32#$.+/&+00+"$&#*'&.0$(+&8#(G$+,,&)63,#/$,'$(+29$'* $,&30,$+-/$2'..3-)2+,)'-$6#,7##-$,"#$*'&.#&$+-/$,"#$0#.)-+&G$6'+&/0?
1.5 The Root Causes!"#$%&'6(#.$7),"$,"#$.+/&+00+"0$)0$-',$,"+,$,"#G$+&#$,"#$%#&%#,&+,'&0$'* $@)'(#-2#<$)-$.'0,$2+0#0$,"#G$+&#$-',?$!"#$%&'6(#.$()#0$)-$,"#)&$0#2,+&)+-$6#-,$+-/$-+&&'7(G$*'230#/$#/32+,)'-$,"+,$)-0,#+/$'* $,+9)-8$*'&7+&/$10(+.g0$3-)@#&0+($.#00+8#$%&'.',#0$+-$+,,),3/#$'* $#D2(30)@)0.$+-/$)-,'(#&+-2#?$1,$/##%#-0$,"#$02")0.0$7),")-$0'2)#,G$+-/$2&#+,#0$)-$0'.#$7+G0$+$2'-/32)@#$#-@)&'-.#-,$*'&$#D,&#.)0.?$O(#+&(G<$7"+,$)0$,+38",$)-$,"#$.+/&+00+"0$-##/0$,'$6#$.32"$.'&#$2+&#*3((G$S(+,#/?$W#G'-/$,"+,$),$)0$,"#$%+&#-,0$&)8",$,'$0#-/$,"#)&$2")(/$,'$+$.+/&+00+"$,'$8#,$+$&#()8)'30$#/32+,)'-?$A+&/(G$+-G$*+.)(G$0#-/0$,"#)&$2")(/$,'$032"$+-$)-0,),3,)'-$,'$(#+&-$"+,#$+-/$@)'(#-2#?$c'&$.'0,$*+.)()#0<$%'@#&,G$)0$,"#$/&)@)-8$*+2,'&?$1-$+$0),3+,)'-$7"#&#$,"#$0,+,#$%&'@)/#0$@#&G$(),,(#$6G$7+G$'* $0'2)+($0+*#,G$-#,0<$.+/&+00+"$#/32+,)'-$)0$0'.#,).#0$,"#$'-(G$+(,#&-+,)@#$+@+)(+6(#$%+&,)23(+&(G$7"#&#$*+.)(G$0)L#$)0$&#(+,)@#(G$(+&8#?
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h0$%#&0%#2,)@#$,'$0#-/$,"#$2")(/&#-$,'$.+/&+00+"0?$H-/$,")0$7+0$,"#$2'-,#D,$'* $)-),)+,)-8$4+/&+00+"$4+)-0,&#+.$P&'`#2,$7+0$)-),)+,#/?
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1. Introduction - Madrassahs in Pakistan
1.1 Background!"#$%&'()*#&+,)'-$'* $.+/&+00+"0$'&$10(+.)2$02"''(0$)-$.32"$'* $,"#$430().$5'&(/$"+0$6##-$'* $%+&,)23(+&$2'-2#&-$,'$,"#$5#0,$*'(('7)-8$,"#$,#&&'&)0,$+,,+290$'* $::$;#%,#.6#&$<$=>>:?$!"#$%#&2#)@#/$()-9+8#$6#,7##-$&+/)2+($10(+.)2$#/32+,)'-$+-/$.)(),+-,$6#"+@)'3&$+8+)-0,$5#0,#&-$)-,#�,0<$"+0$(#/$/#@#('%.#-,$+8#-2)#0$+-/$8'@#&-.#-,0$,'$*'230$,"#)&$�'3&2#0$'-$#/32+,)'-+($&#*'&.?$A'7#@#&<$,"#&#$)0$ (),,(#$+3,"#-,)2$�#+&2"$8&'3-/#/$'-$,"#$0'2)'B#-@)&'-.#-,+($&'',0$'* $,")0$%"#-'.#-'-$+-/$),0$2'-0#C3#-2#0?$5")(#$,"#$,'%)2$"+0$#)@#/$7)/#0%&#+/$.#/)+$2'@#&+8#$+-/$"+0$6##-$/)02300#/$7),")-$,"#$6&'+/#&$2'-,#D,$'* $&+/)2+($10(+.)0+,)'-<$,"#$E�#+&2"F$"+0$8#-#&+((G$6##-$6+0#/$'-$7)/#$&+-8)-8$'60#&@+,)'-+($+22'3-,0?
H(($.+/&+00+"0$%&'@)/#$*&##$&#()8)'30$#/32+,)'-$+-/$+(0'$'**#&$*&##$6'+&/)-8$+-/$('/8)-8$,'$0,3/#-,0$7"'$2'.#$.+)-(G$*&'.$,"#$%''&#&$0,&+,+$'* $0'2)#,G$+-/$-',$-#2#00+&)(G$*&'.$,"#$2'..3-),)#0$,"#G$+&#$6+0#/$)-?$1-,#�,)-8(G<$,"#&#$0##.0$,'$6#$+-$3-7&),B,#-$0G0,#.$3-/#&$7")2"$.+/&+00+"0$'* $ 0+.#$02"''($'* $ ,"'38",$%&'.',#$ )-,#&B2),G$#D2"+-8#$'* $ 0,3/#-,0?$H$0,3/G$ )-$:IIJ$&#@#+(#/$,"+,$,")0$%&+2,)2#$)0$%&#@+(#-,$,'$.+9#$),$/)**)23(,$*'&$�)/#-,$0,3/#-,0$,'$&3-$+7+G?$;'.#$&)2"$+-/$.)//(#$2(+00$*+.)()#0$+(0'$0#-/$,"#)&$2")(/&#-$,'$.+/&+00+"0$*'&$K3&+-)2$(#00'-0$+-/$.#.'&)L+,)'-$7"#&#$,"#G$+&#$303+((G$/+G$0,3/#-,0?$!"#$.',)@#$)0$303+((G$,'$8#,$6#-#*),0$)-$,"#$"#&#+*,#&?
4+/&+00+"0$+&#$%&#@+(#-,$+(($+2&'00$,"#$430().$7'&(/$+-/$)-/##/$+(0'$)-$0'.#$%&#/'.)-+-,(G$-'-B430().$2'3-,&)#0<$#0%#2)+((G$)-$M3&'%#$+-/$N'&,"$H.#&)2+?$5")(#$0'.#$0'2)+($02)#-2#$0,3/)#0$'* $.+/&+00+"0$"+@#$6##-$2+&&)#/$'3,$)-$H*&)2+<$-'$0G0,#.+,)2$0,3/G$"+0$23&&#-,(G$6##-$2'-/32,#/$)-$;'3,"$H0)+?$O'-,#.%'&+&G$P+9)0,+-$)0$*+2)-8$+$0'2)'B%'(),)2+($2'-,&+/)2,)'-?$5")(#$,"#$2'3-,&G$7+0$2+&@#/$'3,$'* $1-/)+$'-$&#()8)'30$6+0)0$+0$+$"'.#(+-/$*'&$430().0<$),0$*'3-/#&$43"+..+/$H()$Q)--+"$2+,#8'&)2+((G$0,+,#/$,"+,$P+9)0,+-$7'3(/$6#$+$0#23(+&$0,+,#$7),"$#C3+($&)8",0$*'&$+(($2),)L#-0$)-$")0$")0,'&)2$+//�$,'$,"#$O'-0,),3#-,$H00#.6(G$'-$H3830,$::<$:IJR?$H(,"'38"$2'-,#.%'&+&G$P+9)0,+-)$ )/#-,),G$ )0$+-2"'&#/$)-$10(+.<$,"#$0'2)#,G$'**#&0$+$7)/#$0%#2,&3.$'* $
23(,3&+($+-/$0'2)+($-'&.0$7")2"$0"'7$,"+,$+,$(#+0,$,"#$#/32+,#/$2),)L#-0$*+@'3&$.'/#&+B,)'-$+-/$,'(#&+-2#?$
1.2 Madrassahs in Pakistan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
;'.#$ '* $ ,"#0#$ .+/&+00+"0$ +&#$ &3-$ '-$ %36()2$ %")(+-,"&'%G$ +-/$',"#&0$ '-$ *'&#)8-$ /'-+,)'-0?$ !"#$ 23&&)23(3.$ '* $
2'-,#.%'&+&G$ .+/&+00+"0$ '*,#-$%&'@)/#0$ +$ 2'-0,&+)-#/$7'&(/@)#7$7")2"$6#+&0$(),,(#$�#.6(+-2#$ ,'$ ,&+/),)'-+($10(+.)2$#/32+,)'-$)-$),0$")0,'&)B2+($2'-,#D,?
!"#&#$ +&#$ *)@#$ /)0,)-2,$ ,G%#0$ '* $4+/&+00+"0$ )-$ P+9)0,+-<$ /)@)/#/$+.'-8$ 0#2,+&)+-$ +-/$ %'(),)2+($ ()-#0?$
!"#$,7'$.+)-$6&+-2"#0$'* $;3--)$10(+.$)-$;'3,"$H0)+$\$]#'6+-/)$+-/$W#&+)(@)\/'.)-+,#$,")0$0#2,'&?$H"(#$A+/),"$430().0$"+@#$,"#)&$'7-$02"''(0<$+0$/'$,"#$;")+0?$!"#$,"#'('8)2+($/)**#&#-2#0$'* $,"#0#$02"''(0$+&#$'*,#-$)&'-2)(+6(#$)-$+-$#/32+,)'-+($0#,,)-8?$!"#$"+&/()-#&0$+.'-8$,"#$@+&)'30$0#2,0$2'-0)/#&$,"#$',"#&$0#2,0$+0$@)&,3+((G$'-$,"#$%#&)%"#&G$'* $10(+.$+-/$0'.#,).#0$+-$#@#-$.'&#$&)8)/$0,+-2#$)0$,+9#-?$^-,)($,"#$(+,#$0#@#-,)#0<$,"#$.'0,$%#&@+0)@#$%&'6(#.$+.'-8$.+/&+00+"0$'* $@+&)'30$0#2,0$7+0$,"#)&$)-,'(#&+-2#$*'&$#+2"$',"#&$+-/$,"#$)-/'2,&)-+,)'-$7+0$.+)-(G$/&)@#-$6G$0#2,+&)+-$6#()#*0?$!"#$8&'7,"$'* $.+/&+00+"0$"+0$6##-$"G%',"#0)L#/$,'$6#$+$(,$'* $/##%(G$#.6#//#/$%'@#&,G$)-$P+9)0,+-)$0'2)#,G<$#0%#2)+((G$&3&+($+&#+0$+-/$+$6&#+9/'7-$'* $0,+,#$0#&@)2#0?
A'7#@#&<$ ,"#&#$7+0$+$9#G$ *+2,'&$',"#&$ ,"+-$%'@#&,G$ ,"+,$%(+G#/$+$2&),)2+($ &'(#$ )-$ ,"#$#D%'-#-,)+($8&'7,"$ )-$ ,"#$-3.6#&$'* $.+/&+00+"0$ *&'.$ ,"#$ #+&(G$ :IS>0$'-7+&/0?$!"#$;'@)#,$'223%+,)'-$'* $H*8"+-)0,+-$8+@#$ ,"#$ &#+($ ).%#,30$ ,'$ ,"#$ 8&'7,"$'* $.+/&+00+"0<$.)(),+-,$8&'3%0$+-/$0).)(+&$'&8+-)L+,)'-0$_$,"#$(+,,#&$,7'$7#&#$,&+)-#/$+-/$#C3)%%#/$,'$7+8#$,"#$E"'(G$`)"+/F$)-$H*8"+-)0,+-?$1,$ )0$-',$2(#+&$"'7$.32"$'* $,"#$�%'-0)6)(),)#0$7#&#$0"'3(/#&#/$6G$0'.#$'* $,"#$0#(#2,#/$.+/&+00+"0$63,$),$ )0$/)**)23(,$,'$&3(#$'3,$)/#'('8)2+(<$.'&+($+-/$('8)0,)2$03%%'&,$,'$.)(),+-,$+2,)@),)#0$)-$H*8"+-)0,+-?
1.3 Wafaq-ul-Madaris!"#&#$)0$+$0#.)-+&G$6'+&/$)-$P+9)0,+-$2+((#/$1,,#"+/$!+-L).+,$4+/+&)0B#B]##-)G+<$+$*#/#&+,)'-$'* $,"#$*)@#$5+C*0$V0#.)-+&G$6'+&/0X?$1,$&#%�#-,0$]#'6+-/)<$W#&+)(@)<$H"(B#$A+/),"<$;")+$+-/$Q+.++,B#B10(+.)$02"''(0$'* $,"'38",a
+-/$,"#$(+&8#0,$'* $+(($,"#$*)@#$6'+&/0?
!"#$#0,).+,#/$-3.6#&$'* $;3--)$.+/&+00+"0$)0a$]#'6+-/)$VR>>>$.+/&+00+"0X<$W#&+)(#@)$VJ>>>$.+/&+00+"0X<$5+C+*3($4+/+&)0$H(B;")+$VJ>>$.+/&+00+"0X$+-/$,"#$&#.+)-)-8$6#('-8$,'$H"(#B#BA+/),"$+-/$Q+.++,B#B10(+.)Z$63,$,"#&#$.+G$6#$+$(+&8#$-3.6#&$'* $3-)0,#&#/$.+/&+00+"0$ +0$ 7#((?$ !"#$]##-)$4+/+&)0$b&/)-+-2#$ =>>=$ 2+((0$ *'&$ @'(3-,+&G$ +-/$ -',$.+-/+,'&G$ )0,&+,)'-?$
!+*7)L<$;"+&)+"<$A+/),"<$4+-,)C$+-/$430().$A)0,'&G?$4'0,$'* $,"#$0,3/#-,0$+&#$*&'.$%''&$0#2,)'-0$'* $,"#$0'2)#,G$+-/$,"#G$+&#$8#-#&+((G$%&'@)/#/$7),"$*&##$#/32+,)'-$7),"$+22'..'/+,)'-<$*''/$+-/$#@#-$2(',"#0$*'&$-'-$�)/#-,$0,3/#-,0?$;3--)$.+/&+00+"0$+&#$,+38",$@+&)'30$*'&.0$'* $]+&0B#BN)L+.)$,+9)-8$+6'3,$SB:>$G#+&0?
1.4 Madrassah Reforms and Regulation Effortsc'(('7)-8$,"#$Id::$+,,+290<$,"#$P+9)0,+-)$8'@#&-.#-,$.+/#$0#@#&+($+,,#.%,0$,'$6&)-8$+6'3,$2"+-8#0$)-$,"#$.+/&+00+"$#/32+,)'-$
$6G$ %&'@)/)-8$ +00)0,+-2#$ ,'$.'/#&-)L#$ ,"#)&$ 23&&)23(3.<$ 63G$ 2'.%3,#&0<$ +-/$ )-,&'/32#$ ;2)#-2#<$ ;'2)+($ ;,3/)#0$ +-/$M-8()0"$(+-83+8#$,#+2")-8$)* $,"#G$7#&#$7)(()-8$,'$)0,#&$,"#.0#(@#0$7),"$,"#$8'@#&-.#-,?$!"#$+,,#.%,$*+)(#/$2'.%(#,#(G$+0$-'-#$'* $,"#$02"''(0$'* $,"'38",$+(('7#/$,"#$8'@#&-.#-,$,'$).%(#.#-,$#@#-$,"#$.'0,$.'/#&+,#$'* $&#*'&.0?$N#+&(G$U<>>>$.)(()'-$&3%##0$%(#/8#/$*'&$,"#$)-,#&@#-,)'-$7#&#$-#@#&$3,)()L#/?$!7'$(+70$7#&#$%+00#/a$'-#<$,'$2&#+,#$0,+,#B2'-,&'((#/$.+/&+00+"0$V4'/#($])-)$4+/+&)0<$=>>:XZ$ ,7'<$,'$)0,#&$+-/$2'-,&'($ ,"#.$V=>>=X?$!"#$*)&0,$"+/$.'/#&+,#$0322#00<$+0$0'.#$&#()8)'30$ )-0,),3,)'-0$8',$)0,#&#/$)-$=>>Y$7),"$,"#$P+9)0,+-$4+/&+00+"$M/32+,)'-$W'+&/?$A'7#@#&<$,"#$,"&##$+(,#&-+,)@#$)-0,),3,)'-0$),$2&#+,#/$03**#&$'&8+-)0+,)'-+($/)**)23(,)#0?$!"#$0#2'-/$7+0$3-%'%3(+&$7),"$,"#$.+/&+00+"0$+-/$-',+6(#$%&'8�$"+0$-',$6##-$.+/#Z$+(,"'38"$,"#$8'@#&-.#-,$)0$.+9)-8$),$/)**)23(,$*'&$*'&#)8-$0,3/#-,0$,'$`')-$.+/&+00+"0$)-$P+9)0,+-?$e+,#(G<$,"#$f'@#&-.#-,$'* $P+9)0,+-$7+0$3-+6(#$,'$3,)()L#$0360,+-,)+($*'&#)8-$*3-/0$,'$)-,&'/32#$.+/&+00+"$&#*'&.0$(+&8#(G$+,,&)63,#/$,'$(+29$'* $,&30,$+-/$2'..3-)2+,)'-$6#,7##-$,"#$*'&.#&$+-/$,"#$0#.)-+&G$6'+&/0?
1.5 The Root Causes!"#$%&'6(#.$7),"$,"#$.+/&+00+"0$)0$-',$,"+,$,"#G$+&#$,"#$%#&%#,&+,'&0$'* $@)'(#-2#<$)-$.'0,$2+0#0$,"#G$+&#$-',?$!"#$%&'6(#.$()#0$)-$,"#)&$0#2,+&)+-$6#-,$+-/$-+&&'7(G$*'230#/$#/32+,)'-$,"+,$)-0,#+/$'* $,+9)-8$*'&7+&/$10(+.g0$3-)@#&0+($.#00+8#$%&'.',#0$+-$+,,),3/#$'* $#D2(30)@)0.$+-/$)-,'(#&+-2#?$1,$/##%#-0$,"#$02")0.0$7),")-$0'2)#,G$+-/$2&#+,#0$)-$0'.#$7+G0$+$2'-/32)@#$#-@)&'-.#-,$*'&$#D,&#.)0.?$O(#+&(G<$7"+,$)0$,+38",$)-$,"#$.+/&+00+"0$-##/0$,'$6#$.32"$.'&#$2+&#*3((G$S(+,#/?$W#G'-/$,"+,$),$)0$,"#$%+&#-,0$&)8",$,'$0#-/$,"#)&$2")(/$,'$+$.+/&+00+"$,'$8#,$+$&#()8)'30$#/32+,)'-?$A+&/(G$+-G$*+.)(G$0#-/0$,"#)&$2")(/$,'$032"$+-$)-0,),3,)'-$,'$(#+&-$"+,#$+-/$@)'(#-2#?$c'&$.'0,$*+.)()#0<$%'@#&,G$)0$,"#$/&)@)-8$*+2,'&?$1-$+$0),3+,)'-$7"#&#$,"#$0,+,#$%&'@)/#0$@#&G$(),,(#$6G$7+G$'* $0'2)+($0+*#,G$-#,0<$.+/&+00+"$#/32+,)'-$)0$0'.#,).#0$,"#$'-(G$+(,#&-+,)@#$+@+)(+6(#$%+&,)23(+&(G$7"#&#$*+.)(G$0)L#$)0$&#(+,)@#(G$(+&8#?
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h0$%#&0%#2,)@#$,'$0#-/$,"#$2")(/&#-$,'$.+/&+00+"0?$H-/$,")0$7+0$,"#$2'-,#D,$'* $)-),)+,)-8$4+/&+00+"$4+)-0,&#+.$P&'`#2,$7+0$)-),)+,#/?
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!# Introduction - Madrassahs in Pakistan
Sweden
1.5 The Root Causes!"#$%&'6(#.$7),"$,"#$.+/&+00+"0$)0$-',$,"+,$,"#G$+&#$,"#$%#&%#,&+,'&0$'* $@)'(#-2#<$)-$.'0,$2+0#0$,"#G$+&#$-',?$!"#$%&'6(#.$()#0$)-$,"#)&$0#2,+&)+-$6#-,$+-/$-+&&'7(G$*'230#/$#/32+,)'-$,"+,$)-0,#+/$'* $,+9)-8$*'&7+&/$10(+.g0$3-)@#&0+($.#00+8#$%&'.',#0$+-$+,,),3/#$'* $#D2(30)@)0.$+-/$)-,'(#&+-2#?$1,$/##%#-0$,"#$02")0.0$7),")-$0'2)#,G$+-/$2&#+,#0$)-$0'.#$7+G0$+$2'-/32)@#$#-@)&'-.#-,$*'&$#D,&#.)0.?$O(#+&(G<$7"+,$)0$,+38",$)-$,"#$.+/&+00+"0$-##/0$,'$6#$.32"$.'&#$2+&#*3((G$S(+,#/?$W#G'-/$,"+,$),$)0$,"#$%+&#-,0$&)8",$,'$0#-/$,"#)&$2")(/$,'$+$.+/&+00+"$,'$8#,$+$&#()8)'30$#/32+,)'-?$A+&/(G$+-G$*+.)(G$0#-/0$,"#)&$2")(/$,'$032"$+-$)-0,),3,)'-$,'$(#+&-$"+,#$+-/$@)'(#-2#?$c'&$.'0,$*+.)()#0<$%'@#&,G$)0$,"#$/&)@)-8$*+2,'&?$1-$+$0),3+,)'-$7"#&#$,"#$0,+,#$%&'@)/#0$@#&G$(),,(#$6G$7+G$'* $0'2)+($0+*#,G$-#,0<$.+/&+00+"$#/32+,)'-$)0$0'.#,).#0$,"#$'-(G$+(,#&-+,)@#$+@+)(+6(#$%+&,)23(+&(G$7"#&#$*+.)(G$0)L#$)0$&#(+,)@#(G$(+&8#?
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h0$%#&0%#2,)@#$,'$0#-/$,"#$2")(/&#-$,'$.+/&+00+"0?$H-/$,")0$7+0$,"#$2'-,#D,$'* $)-),)+,)-8$4+/&+00+"$4+)-0,&#+.$P&'`#2,$7+0$)-),)+,#/?
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1* $%+&#-,0$/#@#('%$,"#)&$*+),"$)-$,"#$C3+(),G$+-/$30#*3(-#00$'* $*'&.+($#/32+,)'-<$.+-G$'* $,"#.$7'3(/$%&#*#&$,'$0#-/$,"#)&$2")(/&#-$,'$,"#0#$
02"''(0$&+,"#&$,"+-$,"#$.+/&+00+"0?
!"#$%&'6(#.$()#0$)-$,"#)&$0#2,+&)+-$6#-,$+-/-+&&'7(G$*'230#/
#/32+,)'-$,"+,$)-0,#+/'* $,+9)-8$*'&7+&/10(+.g0$3-)@#&0+(
.#00+8#<$%&'.',#0$+-$+,,),3/#$'* $#D2(30)@)0.$+-/$)-,'(#&+-2#?$
!$Introduction - Madrassahs in Pakistan
Sweden
2. Project Introduction
2.1 Objectives!"#$4+/&+00+"$ 4+)-0,&#+.$ P&'`#2,<$ 03%%'&,#/$ 6G$ ;+@#$ ,"#$ O")(/&#-$;7#/#-<$7+0$(+3-2"#/$)-$]#2#.6#&$=>>R$)-$])0,&)2,$i+03&?$!"#$'6`#2B,)@#0$'* $,"#$%&'`#2,$7#&#$,'a$
,"#.$/#@#('%.#-,$'%%'&,3-),)#0
.+)-0,&#+.$/#@#('%.#-,
!"#$%&'`#2,$7+0$(+3-2"#/$6G$)-),)+,)-8$+$/)+('83#$7),"$,"#$]#'6+-/)$+-/$W+&#)(@)$02"'(+&0$+-/$.+/&+00+"$"#+/0$)-$e+"'&#$+-/$i+03&$+//�)-8$,"#)&$ 2'-2#&-0?$ !")0$ 7+0$ *'(('7#/$ 6G$ +$ *)#(/$ 03&@#G$ '* $ .+/&+00+"0$('2+,#/$7),")-$YBT$9)('.#,#&0$'* $i+03&$2),G$+-/$+$0#&)#0$'* $.##,)-80$7),"$,"#$ .+/&+00+"$ "#+/0?$ !"#$ *)#(/$ +2,)@),)#0$ 23(.)-+,#/$ )-$ +$ 2'-0#-030$63)(/)-8$.##,)-8$7),"$,"'0#$.+/&+00+"$"#+/0$7"'$0"'7#/$)-,#�,$)-$,"#$%&'`#2,?$ O'..3-),G$ .'6)()0+,)'-$ *'(('7#/$ ,'$ #-2'3&+8#$ %+&#-,0$ ,'$3-/#&,+9#$.+)-0,&#+.$#/32+,)'-$+('-8$7),"$")*L$(#+/)-8$,'$*)-+()0+,)'-$'* $ ,"#$ 0G((+630$ +-/$ 0#(#2,)'-$ '* $ ,#+2"#&0$ 7),"$ ,"#$ %+&,)2)%+,)'-$ +-/$2'-0#-,$ '* $ ,"#$ .+/&+00+"$ "#+/0?$ !"#$ %&'`#2,$ 7+0$ #-@)0)'-#/$ ,'$ 6#$)-),)+,#/$)-$T$'&$.'&#$.+/&+00+"0$7),"$=T>$0,3/#-,0?
2.3 Challenges in the Inception Phase]3&)-8$ ,"#$%&#%+&+,'&G$%"+0#<$ ,"#$.+`'&$2"+((#-8#$7+0$ ,'$+//�$ ,"#$2'-2#&-0$'* $.+/&+00+"$"#+/0?$!"#$0,&+,#8G$,"+,$6'(/(G$0'38",$,'$2'3-,#&$,"#$ 2'-2#&-0$7+0$ ,'$6#$ 2'.%(#,#(G$ ,&+-0%+&#-,$7),"$ ,"#.?$4+/&+00+"$"#+/0$7#&#$,+9#-$)-,'$2'-*)/#-2#$+6'3,$,"#$0'3&2#$'* $*3-/)-8$+-/$,"#$%&'`#2,$63/8#,$7+0$0"+&#/$7),"$,"#.$)-$7&),)-8?$!")0$"#(%#/$)-$+//�B)-8$ 0,#&#'$ ,G%#/$ ,")-9)-8$ +6'3,$ Nfb0h$ .',)@#0$ ,'$ %&'.',#$ *'&.+($#/32+,)'-<$().),#/$#D%'03&#$'* $.+/&+00+"$,#+2"#&0B0,3/#-,0$,'$/)**#&#-,$7'&(/$ @)#70<$ +-/$ ,"#$ 230,'.+&G$ )-,'(#&+-2#$ *'&$ %#'%(#$ 6#('-8)-8$ ,'$',"#&$0#2,0$+-/$&#()8)'-?$1-),)+($)-,#&+2,)'-$7),"$,"#$.+/&+00+"$"#+/0$7+0$.'0,$"#(%*3($7"#&#$0#-0),)@#$)003#0$7#&#$'%#-(G$/)02300#/$+-/$,"#$).%(#B.#-,#&0$7#&#$+6(#$,'$#0,+6()0"$,"#)&$'7-$9-'7(#/8#$6+0#$'-$,"#$%#+2#*3($+-/$,'(#&+-,$10(+.)2$%&+2,)2#0$+0$7#(($+0$,"#$#.%"+0)0$'-$0##9)-8$9-'7(B#/8#?$b-2#$,"#$6+0)20$7#&#$+8&##/$3%'-<$),$6#2+.#$.32"$#+0)#&$,'$).%(#B.#-,$,"#$%&'`#2,?$
2.4 Implementation1-$i+03&<$=>$.+/&+00+"$"#+/0$7#&#$+%%&'+2"#/$ ,'$ 0,+&,$ ,"#$%&'`#2,?$H$.+`'&),G$'* $ ,"#.$7#&#$ *&'.$]#'6+-/)$ 02"''($'* $,"'38",$8#-#&+((G$9-'7-$*'&$,+9)-8$+$"+&/$()-#$0,+-2#?$c)-+((G$R$.+/&+00+"0$+8&##/$,'$#0,+6()0"$S$-'-B*'&.+($#/32+,)'-$2#-,#&0$
7),")-$.+/&+00+"$%&#.)0#0$+-/$=J>$2")(/&#-$7#&#$#-&'((#/$7"'$7#&#$.#.'&)L)-8$,"#$A'(G$K3&+-$V")*LX$+,$,"+,$,).#?$!#+2"#&0$7#&#$0#(#2,#/$'-$.#&),$)-$2'((+6'&+,)'-$7),"$.+/&+00+"$"#+/0$V0'.#$7#&#$+(&#+/G$,#+2")-8$,"#$A'(G$K3&+-X?$!"#0#$,#+2"#&0$7#&#$%&'@)/#/$,&+)-)-8$'-$2")(/$&)8",0$V6&'+/(G$2")(/$%&',#2,)'-$+-/$#0%#2)+((G$2'&%'&+($%3-)0".#-,X$6G$,"#$C3+()*)#/$,&+)-#&0$'* $f'@#&-.#-,$O'((#8#$*'&$M(#.#-,+&G$!#+2"#&0?
2.5 Achievements1-$,"#$6#8)--)-8<$4+/&+00+"$"#+/0$+/.),,#/$,'$6#$2'-0#&@+,)@#$+-/$/)0)-,#�,#/$,'$6&)-8$.+)-0,&#+.$#/32+,)'-$)-$,"#)&$.+/&+00+"0<$+0$,"#G$"+/$8&#+,$�#&@+,)'-0$+6'3,$.+)-0,&#+.$#/32+,)'-$2'-,#-,0?$W3,$#@#-,3+((G$7#&#$7)(()-8$,'$&#@)#7$,"#)&$0,&+,#8G$0"'7)-8$)-,#�,$)-$4+)-0,&#+.$M/32+,)'-?$N'7$,"#G$7+-,$,'$#.%'7#&$,"#)&$0,3/#-,0$7),"$.'/#&-$ #/32+,)'-$ +-/$9-'7(#/8#$7")2"$ 2'3(/$6#$6#-#*)2)+($ *'&$ ,"#)&$ *3,3&#?$4+/&+00+"$"#+/0$+-/$2'..3-),G$+&#$@#&G$2''%#&+,)@#$+-/$,"#G$/'$-',$0##$!#D,$W'+&/$23&&)23(3.$+0$3-B10(+.)2<$7")2"$+383&0$7#(($*'&$,"#$*3,3&#?
;,3/#-,0$ 7#&#$ )-@'(@#/$ )-$ 2'B23&&)23(+&$ +2,)@),)#0$ +-/$ 4+/&+00+"$ "#+/0$ %&+2,)2#/$8+.#0$ )-$ *&##$ ,).#$ *'&$ 0,3/#-,0?$ ])**#&#-,$ +2,)@),)#0$ '* $ 2")(/&#-h0$ )-,#�,$ 7#&#$+&&+-8#/$ )-$44P$ 2#-,#&0$ ,"&'38"$7")2"$ 0"G$ +-/$ (#00$ 2'-*)/#-,$ 2")(/&#-$ 8',$ ,"#$'%%'&,3-),)#0$ ,'$ #D%�$ ,"#.0#(@#0?$O")(/&#-$/)/$-',$ *##($ +-G$"#0),+,)'-$ )-$8&'3%$7'&9$+-/$%+&,)2)%+,#/$7"'(#"#+&,#/(G?$
1-$b2,'6#&B>S$;3/"++&$+&&+-8#/$+-$+/@'2+2G$0#.)-+&$)-$i+03&?$!"#$'6`#2,)@#$'* $,"#$0#.)-+&$7+0$,'$2&#+,#$+7+&#-#00$+-/$+/@'2+,#$*'&$6&)-8)-8$.+)-0,&#+.$#/32+,)'-$,'$.+/&+00+"0?$A#+/0$'* $,"#$#D)0,)-8$4+/&+00+"0<$44P$,#+2"#&0<$2'..3-),G$.#.6#&0<$8'@#&-.#-,$'**)2)+(0$+-/$Nfb0$%+&,)2)%+,#/$)-$,")0$%&'8&+..#?$P&'8�$'* $44P$7+0$0"+&#/$7),"$,"#$%+&,)2)%+-,0$,"+,$7+0$.32"$+%%)+,#/?$
]3&)-8$,7'$G#+&0$'* $,"#$%&'`#2,<$=U$2")(/&#-$"+@#$6##-$.+)-0,&#+.#/$,'$8'@#&-.#-,$+-/$%&)@+,#$%&).+&G$02"''(0<$7")(#$:IU$2")(/&#-$"+@#$2(#+&#/$,"#)&$f&+/#$1j$#D+.)-+,)'-$+-/$+&#$-'7$)-$,"#$*)-+($G#+&$'* $%&).+&G$2(+00?$1-$+//),)'-<$,"#&#$+&#$:S$3-)0,#&#/$2")(/&#-$6#-#*),)-8$*&'.$,"#$%&).+&G$#/32+,)'-$%&'8&+..#$+-/$,"#G$+&#$6#)-8$S(+&)L#/?
2.2 MajorInterventions
!"#$.+`'&$)-,#&@#-,)'-0$'* $,"#$%&'`#2,$)-2(3/#/Z$2'..3-),G$'&8+-)0+,)'-Z$%&'@)0)'-$'*
C3+(),G$#/32+,)'-$,'$=T>
.+/&+00+"$2")(/&#-<
)-*&+0,&32,3&#$+-/$2(+00&''.$#-@)&'-.#-,$).%&'@#.#-,<$
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2'B23&&)23(+&$2'.%'-#-,$'* $,"#$%&'`#2,$63,$),$'%#-#/$3%
%'00)6)(),)#0$*'&$2")(/&#-$,'$#-8+8#$)-$%"G0)2+($0%'&,0<$,+9#$&#+,)'-+($,&)%0$V.'0,
+%%)+,#/$6G$2")(/&#-X<$2#(#6&+,)'-$'* $@+&)'30$#@#-,0<$
/&+7)-8$+-/$C3)L
2'.%#,),)'-0?
!% Project Introduction
Sweden
2. Project Introduction
2.1 Objectives!"#$4+/&+00+"$ 4+)-0,&#+.$ P&'`#2,<$ 03%%'&,#/$ 6G$ ;+@#$ ,"#$ O")(/&#-$;7#/#-<$7+0$(+3-2"#/$)-$]#2#.6#&$=>>R$)-$])0,&)2,$i+03&?$!"#$'6`#2B,)@#0$'* $,"#$%&'`#2,$7#&#$,'a$
,"#.$/#@#('%.#-,$'%%'&,3-),)#0
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!"#$%&'`#2,$7+0$(+3-2"#/$6G$)-),)+,)-8$+$/)+('83#$7),"$,"#$]#'6+-/)$+-/$W+&#)(@)$02"'(+&0$+-/$.+/&+00+"$"#+/0$)-$e+"'&#$+-/$i+03&$+//�)-8$,"#)&$ 2'-2#&-0?$ !")0$ 7+0$ *'(('7#/$ 6G$ +$ *)#(/$ 03&@#G$ '* $ .+/&+00+"0$('2+,#/$7),")-$YBT$9)('.#,#&0$'* $i+03&$2),G$+-/$+$0#&)#0$'* $.##,)-80$7),"$,"#$ .+/&+00+"$ "#+/0?$ !"#$ *)#(/$ +2,)@),)#0$ 23(.)-+,#/$ )-$ +$ 2'-0#-030$63)(/)-8$.##,)-8$7),"$,"'0#$.+/&+00+"$"#+/0$7"'$0"'7#/$)-,#�,$)-$,"#$%&'`#2,?$ O'..3-),G$ .'6)()0+,)'-$ *'(('7#/$ ,'$ #-2'3&+8#$ %+&#-,0$ ,'$3-/#&,+9#$.+)-0,&#+.$#/32+,)'-$+('-8$7),"$")*L$(#+/)-8$,'$*)-+()0+,)'-$'* $ ,"#$ 0G((+630$ +-/$ 0#(#2,)'-$ '* $ ,#+2"#&0$ 7),"$ ,"#$ %+&,)2)%+,)'-$ +-/$2'-0#-,$ '* $ ,"#$ .+/&+00+"$ "#+/0?$ !"#$ %&'`#2,$ 7+0$ #-@)0)'-#/$ ,'$ 6#$)-),)+,#/$)-$T$'&$.'&#$.+/&+00+"0$7),"$=T>$0,3/#-,0?
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2.6 Major Activities
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!T Project Introduction
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4. Findings of the Study
4.1 First Set of Findings: Views of Parents, Community Groups, Madrassah Heads, Teachers
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3. Impact Assessment Study
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4. Findings of the Study
4.1 First Set of Findings: Views of Parents, Community Groups, Madrassah Heads, Teachers
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2")(/&#-h0$2'-*)/#-2#$ (#@#($ )0$")8"#&<$ ,"#)&$2'..3-)2+,)'-$)0$.'&#$*(3#-,$+-/$,"#G$2+-$.+9#$*&)#-/0$#+0)(G$+0$2'.%+&#/$,'$6#*'&#?$b-#$*+,"#&$%&'3/(G$0,+,#/$,"+,$")0$0'-$2+((#/$")0$%+&#-,0$E(--(#<$$+-/$(11$#<$$)-0,#+/$'* $0).%(G$(--($+-/$(11$F?$O),)-8$#,")2+($@+(3#0<$+-',"#&$%+&#-,$-+&&+,#/$"'7$")0$0'-$*'3-/$+$('0,$2#(($%"'-#$+-/$8+@#$),$,'$,"#$,.1-+'7('$'* $,"#$2'..3-),G$0'$,"+,$),$2'3(/$6#$&#,3&-#/$,'$,"#$'7-#&?$H$%+&#-,$2+((#/$")0$.+/&+00+"B.+)-0,&#+.$#/32+,)'-$2")(/$6#,,#&$6#"+@#/$+-/$.'&#$�%'-0)6(#$,"+-$")0$-'-B02"''($8')-8$0)6()-80?$b-#$*+,"#&$#D%�#/$,"#$"'%#$,"+,$(),#&+2G$7'3(/$#-+6(#$")0$0'-$,'$&#+/$,"#$K3&+-$7),"$,&+-0(+,)'-?$E='$1('4# +7.&("$*,# $%# &'+("$,/#2+(&+#(1*,/# &5$)7'+,#># "5+4# 8$/5"#1.&5# )+%%# "5(,#-+8*'+0F$0+)/$'-#$2'..3-),G$.#.6#&?$1,$)0$/#6+,+6(#Z$"'7#@#&<$"'7$.32"$'* $,")0$)0$+,,&)63,+6(#$,'$,"#$.+)-0,&#+.$#/32+,)'-$%&'8&+..#$+0$2")(/&#-$"+@#$8&'7-$)-$+8#$+-/$.+,3&),G$)-$,"#$%+0,$,7'$G#+&0?
4OB CG)2+0HBN+,GBU)240,<_1*=42<B),BF'34
H$.',"#&$0+)/$,"+,$3-()9#$6#*'&#<$-'7$"#&$0'-$()9#0$,'$&#+/$,'$"#&$*&'.$")0$,#D,6''90$0'.#,).#0?$;"+&)-8$,"#$/+Gh0$#@#-,0$7),"$%+&#-,0$'&$0)6()-80$)0$+$%'0),)@#$,&+),$,"+,$"+0$6##-$'60#&@#/$)-$.'&#$,"+-$Y>l$'* $,"#$2")(/&#-?$!"#G$()9#$,'$,+(9$+6'3,$8+.#0$,"+,$,"#G$+&#$%(+G)-8<$+6'3,$,"#)&$2(+00&''.<$*&)#-/0<$,#+2"#&0$+-/$@)0),'&0$,'$,"#)&$2(+00?$4'&#$).%'&,+-,(G<$0'.#$'* $,"#$2")(/&#-$"+@#$+(0'$6#83-$,'$'%#-$3%$+6'3,$,"#)&$#/32+,)'-+($+0%)&+,)'-0$)-$*3,3&#?$
MOB dG),B+<B,G4BE4<,B.G+0HB,G),B-'82B?G+*=B0'NB*+P4<B)S'8,B,G4B:)=2)<<)G
P+&#-,0$0+G$,"+,$+$0)8-)*)2+-,$-3.6#&$'* $2")(/&#-$#-`'G$0%'&,0$,"#$.'0,$)-$.+/&+00+"0?$H%%+&#-,(G<$),$8)@#0$,"#.$'%%'&,3-),)#0$,'$0,&#,2"$,"#.0#(@#0<$8#,$,"#)&$%"G0)2+($#-#&8G$/)00)%+,#/<$6&)-80$)-$+$0#-0#$'* $"#+(,"G$2'.%#,),)'-$+-/$,#+.B7'&9$+-/$6&#+90$,"#$ .'-','-G$ '* $ 0,3/G)-8$ *'&$ ,#-$ "'3&0$ +,$ +$ 0,&#,2"?$ ;'.#$ 2")(/&#-$ *)-/$ #D23&0)'-$ ,&)%0$ #-`'G+6(#?$ 5")(#$ =Yl$ #-`'G$.+)-0,&#+.$ #/32+,)'-<$ '-(G$Il$0+)/$,"#G$()9#$,'$+,,#-/$")*L$2(+00#0?$!")0$)0$+$%+&+/'D)2+($*)-/)-8$_$),$+%%#+&0$,"+,$ 2")(/&#-$ /3,)*3((G$ +,,#-/$")*L$2(+00#0$+0$+$&#()8)'30$'6()8+,)'-$63,$,"#G$8#,$,"#)&$`'G$#(0#7"#&#?$b-#$'* $,"#$ %+&#-,0$ 0,+,#/$ ,"+,$%&).+&G$#/32+,)'-$)0$"#(%)-8$")0$0'-$,'$).%&'@#$")0$.)-/$+-/$%#&0'-+(),GZ$"#$)0$6#2'.)-8$+$ 8''/$ +-/$ *+0,$ /#2)0)'-$.+9#&?
B 54<(2+6,+'0B U)240,<
CG)24<B+0,424<,B+0B=+MM4240,BH)34<B "]a
CG)24<B(*)<<B2'8,+04B B "$a
CG)24<B,G+0H<B)S'8,BG+<BM2+40=<B B "$a
CG)24<B)S'8,BJ+<+,'2<B B @"a
CG)24<B)S'8,B,4)(G42<B)0=B4=8(),+'0)*B)<6+2),+'0<B @"a
B 54<(2+6,+'0B U)240,<
C6'2,<B B $>a
U2+3)2-B4=8(),+'0B "#a
Z4(24),+'0)*BJ+<+,<B @$a
F+MLB B ]a
?*)<<B4J40,<B $a
&)0H8)H4<B*4)20+0HB $a
@# Findings of the Study
Sweden
HOB ?)0B,G4<4B(G+*=240B('364,4BN+,GB3)+0<,24)3B<,8=40,<e
W',"$.+/&+00+"$"#+/0$+-/$,#+2"#&0$6#()#@#/$,"+,$,"#$.+/&+00+"$2")(/&#-$2+-$2'.%#,#$7),"$2")(/&#-$*&'.$',"#&$02"''(0?$!"#$2'..3-),G<$"'7#@#&<$"+/$0'.#$/'36,0$+0$,"#G$*#(,$,"+,$,"#$8'@#&-.#-,$02"''(0$.+G$6#$'**#&)-8$6#,,#&$C3+(),G$#/32+,)'-?$!"#G$6#()#@#/$,"+,$,"#0#$2")(/&#-$2+-$%(+G$+$%'0),)@#$&'(#$)-$,"#$0'2)#,G?$H$2'..3-),G$.#.6#&$%')-,#/$'3,$,"+,$,"#0#$2")(/&#-$/)/$-',$"+@#$.+-G$+.6),)'-0$6#*'&#<$-'7$0'.#$'* $,"#.$+&#$)-,#�,#/$)-$6#2'.)-8$+&.G$'**)2#&0<$/'2,'&0$+-/$#-8)-##&0?
GOB U)240,<VBR8,824BI<6+2),+'0<BM'2B?G+*=240fBI,BU2'c4(,B/0(46,+'0B`BY'N
W#*'&#$,"#$+/@#-,$'* $.+)-0,&#+.$#/32+,)'-<$,"#$%+&#-,0$'-(G$0+7$,"#)&$2")(/&#-$+0$A+*)L$)-$*3,3&#?$H(($#D2#%,$'-#$7+-,#/$*'&.+($#/32+,)'-$+-/$8''/$`'60$*'&$,"#.?$!")0$)0$C3),#$+$2"+-8#$)-$%#&2#%,)'-$+0$,"#$%&).+&G$#/32+,)'-$%&'8&+..#$0##.0$,'$"+@#$'%#-#/$+$0.+(($7)-/'7$'* $'%%'&,3-),G?
+OB 5'B-'8BN)0,B-'82B(G+*=B,'Bc'+0B3+==*4_G+HGB<(G''*B4=8(),+'0e
H-$'@#&7"#(.)-8$.+`'&),G$'* $%+&#-,0$7'3(/$()9#$,"#)&$2")(/&#-$,'$%3&03#$.+)-0,&#+.$#/32+,)'-$*'&$,"#$0).%(#$&#+0'-$,"+,$E$"#6$))#$12'*?+#"5+$'#8.".'+#2'*%2+&"%@F$b-#$*+,"#&$0+)/$,"+,$"#$2'3(/$-',$+**'&/$.+)-0,&#+.$#/32+,)'-<$6#)-8$").0#(* $+$A5("++-$$"#$7+-,#/$")0$0'-$,'$2'-,)-3#$,"#$*+.)(G$,&+/),)'-?$H$.',"#&$0,+,#/$,"+,$0"#$7+-,0$"#&$0'-$,'$6#$+$/'2,'&$'&$+$,#+2"#&$+-/$"#&$8)&(0$,'$"+@#$@'2+,)'-+($#/32+,)'-?$
B 54<(2+6,+'0B B ?'3380+,-B :)=2)<<)GB :)=2)<<)G
B B B B F4)=<B .4)(G42<
?)0B('364,4BN+,GBH'J420340,B<(G''*B(G+*=240
?)0B6*)-B)B6'<+,+J4B2'*4B+0B<'(+4,-
F+MLB0',B40'8HGQBM'23)*B4=8(),+'0B24g8+24=B
M'2BH''=BM8,824
?)0Bc'+0B3+==*4_G+HGB<(G''*<
B $%aB @!!aB @!!a
B ##aB ;B ;
B ""aB ;B ;
B
B ;B ;B @!!a
B U2'c4(,B/0(46,+'0B Y'NB Y'NBaIH4
B F+MLB R'23)*B4=8(),+'0B6*8<BH''=Bc'SB >$a
B F+ML_I*+3B R'23)*B4=8(),+'0B6*8<B)23-B'MM+(42_='(,'2B @9a
B F+MLB :),2+(8*),+'0B6*8<B,4(G0+()*B4=8(),+'0B ]a
B F+MLB bG),44SB ]a
B 54<(2+6,+'0B U)240,<
h4<QB,'B+362'J4BM8,824B62'<64(,<BB 9$a
Y'QB/BN)0,BG+3B,'BS4('34B)0BI*+3B 9a
Y'QB/B()00',B)MM'2=BM'23)*B4=8(),+'0B 9a
@$Findings of the Study
Sweden
cOB R8,824B'M BF+ML;U2+3)2-B1=8(),+'0BC,8=40,<
!"#$.+/&+00+"$"#+/0$+-/$,#+2"#&0$0,+,#/$,"+,$),$0"'3(/$6#$-'$%&'6(#.$*'&$,"#$2")(/&#-$,'$8#,$+/.),,#/$,'$.)//(#$(#@#($ )-$8'@#&-.#-,$02"''(0?$!"#$.+/&+00+"0$"#+/0$%')-,#/$'3,$,"+,$0).)(+&$*+2)(),)#0$7#&#$&#C3)&#/$*'&$',"#&$2")(/&#-$+,,#-/)-8$")*L$2(+00#0$',"#&7)0#$,"#)&$*3,3&#$%&'0%#2,0$7'3(/$&#.+)-$().),#/?
POB 1MM4(,<B'M BZ4(24),+'0)*BI(,+J+,+4<
!"#$,#+2"#&0$0+)/$,"+,$#-8+8)-8$)-$0%'&,0$"+0$#-"+-2#/$2'-*)/#-2#$(#@#($'* $,"#$2")(/&#-$+-/$,"#G$"+@#$(#+&-,$-#7$,")-80$*&'.$#D23&0)'-$,&)%0?$!"#$.+/&+00+"$"#+/0$/#.+-/#/$,"+,$&#+,)'-+($+2,)@),)#0$+-/$#D23&0)'-$,&)%0$6#$)-),)+,#/$*'&$+(($.+/&+00+"0$3-/#&$ ,"#$%&'`#2,?$!"#G$7#&#$+(($ )-$*+@'3&$'* $0%'&,0$ ,"+,$#-"+-2#$%"G0)2+($+-/$.#-,+($8&'7,"$'* $2")(/&#-?$A'7#@#&<$'-#$.+/&+00+"$"#+/$0+)/$,"+,$8+.#0$()9#$2&)29#,$2+30#0$+$(',$'* $('00$'* $,).#$+-/$,"#&#*'&#$0"'3(/$-',$6#$+(('7#/?
B 54<(2+6,+'0B B B :)=2)<<)GB :)=2)<<)G
B B B B F4)=<B .4)(G42<
.G4-BN+**BS4B4*+H+S*4BM'2B)=3+<<+'0B,'B3+==*4_G+HGB<(G''*<
F+MLB<,8=40,<B+0B3)=2)<<)G<B044=B3'=420B4=8(),+'0BM'2B
S4,,42BM8,824
B @!!aB @!!a
B @!!aB ;
B 54<(2+6,+'0B B B :)=2)<<)GB :)=2)<<)G
B B B B F4)=<B .4)(G42<
&4J4*B'M B('0M+=40(4B+0(24)<4<B,G2'8HGB24(24),+'0)*B)(,+J+,+4<
C,8=40,<BH4,B4^6'<824B'M B4^,420)*B40J+2'0340,B,G2'8HGB
J+<+,<B`B,G4-BS8+*=B,G4+2B3+0=B`B642<'0)*+,-
Z4(24),+'0)*B)(,+J+,+4<B`B4^6'<824BJ+<+,<B<G'8*=BS4
('0=8(,4=B+0B)**B3)=2)<<)G<BM'2B<,8=40,<VB*4)20+0H
D)34<B,G),B40G)0(4B6G-<+()*B`B340,)*BH2'N,GB<G'8*=BS4B
40('82)H4=
B ;B @!!a
B ;B @!!a
B B B B
B @!!aB ;
B B B B
B @!!aB ;
@% Findings of the Study
Sweden
*OB 5+<(+6*+0)2-B:4)<824<B+0B:)=2)<<)G<
N'-#$'* $,"#$�%'-/#-,0$*+@'3&#/$2'&%'&+($%3-)0".#-,?$1,$7+0$#@#-$0+)/$6G$.+/&+00+"$"#+/0$,"+,$)* $,#+2"#&0$/'$-',$&#*&+)-$*&'.$),<$#@#-$+*,#&$+$7+&-)-8<$,"#G$0"'3(/$6#$&#.'@#/?$M@)/#-2#$*&'.$2")(/&#-$0"'70$,"+,$2'&%'&+($%3-)0".#-,$)0$%&+2,)2#/$)-$.+/&+00+"0$,'$@+&G)-8$#D,#-,?$c'&.0$'* $%3-)0".#-,$)-2(3/#$30#$'* $2+-#<$0(+%%)-8$+-/$%3(()-8$#+&0?$O'.%+&#/$,'$,")0<$,"#$.+)-0,&#+.$#/32+,)'-$2(+00#0$+&#$@)&,3+((G$*&##$'* $2'&%'&+($%3-)0".#-,?$A'7$,"#$,7'$*'&.0$'* $,#+2"#&$6#"+@)'3&$2'B#D)0,$)-$/)**#&#-,$2(+00#0$)-$,"#$0+.#$.+/&+00+"<$+-/$,"#$9)-/$'* $2'-*30)-8$.#00+8#0$,"#G$0#-/$,'$2")(/&#-$)0$+$.+,,#&$,'$%'-/#&$+6'3,$+-/$7'&,"$*3&,"#&$#D%('&+,)'-?$W',"$,"#$,#+2"#&0$+-/$.+/&+00+"$"#+/0$0+)/$,"+,$%"G0)2+($%3-)0".#-,$.+9#$2")(/&#-$#(()'30?
3OB U2+3)2-B1=8(),+'0BM'2BD+2*<BC,8=-+0HB+0B:)=2)<<)G<
B 54<(2+6,+'0B B B :)=2)<<)GB :)=2)<<)G
B B B B F4)=<B .4)(G42<
E8+*=B,G4B3+0=B`BM'(8<B'0B(G)2)(,42BS8+*=+0HB2),G42B,G)0
('26'2)*B680+<G340,
.4)(G42B+<B)B2'*4B3'=4*iBG4_<G4B<G'8*=B)J'+=B('26'2)*B
680+<G340,
.4)(G42B<G'8*=B,24),B,G4B(G+*=240B)(('2=+0HB,'
,G4+2B6<-(G'*'H-
/M B)B,4)(G42BS4),<B<,8=40,<QBG4_<G4B<G'8*=BS4BN)204=B)0=B
+M B,G+<B='4<B0',BN'2PB,G4-B<G'8*=BS4B,423+0),4=
B ;B @!!a
B B B B
B @!!aB @!!aB B
B
B @!!aB ;B B
B
B @!!aB ;
B 54<(2+6,+'0B U)240,<B ?'3380+,-B :)=2)<<)GB :)=2)<<)G
B B B B F4)=<B .4)(G42<
h4<QB,G4-BN+**B*4)20BS4,,42
3)0)H4340,B'M BG'34B`B(G+*=240
h4<QBH+2*<B<G'8*=BG)J4B<)34B
'66'2,80+,+4<
h4<QBS8,B0',B+0B(';4=8(),+'0
h4<QB,G4-BN+**B+362'J4B,G4+2B
('3380+(),+'0B)S+*+,+4<
h4<QB,G4-BN+**BG)J4BS4,,42B3'2)*B
J)*84<
h4<QBS8,BH+2*<B<G'8*=B'S<42J4B
682=)GBWJ4+*X
h4<QB,G4-B()0BG)J4BS',GB62+3)2-B
4=8(),+'0B`BJ'(),+'0)*B,2)+0+0H
h4<QBS8,BM2'3BM43)*4B,4)(G42<
h4<QB4=8(),+'0B+<BJ42-B+36'2,)0,B
M'2BH+2*<BM'2B,G4+2BM8,824B*+M4B
B >!aB $!aB ;B @!!a
B @#aB ;B ;B ;
B @#aB "!aB ;B ;
B TaB ;B ;B ;
B TaB ;B ;B ;
B ;B "!aB ;B ;
B ;B "!aB ;B ;
B ;B ;B ;B @!!a
B ;B ;B @!!aB ;
@>Findings of the Study
Sweden
N',$+-G$0)-8(#$)-/)@)/3+($'%%'0#/$.+)-0,&#+.$#/32+,)'-$*'&$8)&(0?$!"#$.+`'&$`30,)*)2+,)'-$'**#&#/$6G$%+&#-,0$7+0$,"+,$#/32+B,)'-$#-+6(#0$8)&(0$,'$6#,,#&$.+-+8#$,"#)&$"'.#0$+-/$6&)-8$3%$,"#)&$2")(/&#-?$4'&#$2'..3-),G$.#.6#&0$,"+-$%+&#-,0$'%%'0#/$2'B#/32+,)'-?$4+/&+00+"$,#+2"#&0$0+)/$,"+,$8)&(0$.30,$6#$,+38",$6G$*#.+(#$,#+2"#&0<$7")(#$.+/&+00+"$"#+/0$#.%"+0)L#/$,"+,$8)&(0h$ #/32+,)'-$7+0$ @#&G$ ).%'&,+-,?$ !#+2"#&0$ #.%"+0)L#/$ ,"+,$.+/&+00+"$ 8)&(0h$ #/32+,)'-$ -##/0$ ,'$ 6#$ 3-/#&,+9#-$7")(#$3%"'(/)-8$,"#$@+(3#0$'* $,"#$.+/&+00+"?
0OB CG'8*=B)**B3)=2)<<)GB(G+*=240BG)J4B62+3)2-B4=8(),+'0e
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"!Findings of the Study
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"@ Findings of the Study
Sweden
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""Findings of the Study
Sweden
4.3 Third Set of Findings: Views of Government Officials from District Kasur Departments VM/32+,)'-X$7+0$*+.)()+&$'-(G$7),"$,"#$8'@#&-.#-,h0$.+9,+6$02"''(0$7"#&#$.'0C3#0$7),"$0%+2#$+@+)(+6(#$7#&#$%&'@)/#/$'-#$P&).+&G$!#+2")-8$O#&,)*)2+,#$VP!OX$,#+2"#&$+-/$+$0,)%#-/$*'&$,"#$1.+.?$!"#$.+9,+60$'**#&#/$#/32+,)'-$3%$,'$2(+00$Y$)-$0.+(($0#,,(#.#-,0$7"#&#$%&).+&G$02"''(0$7#&#$-',$+@+)(+6(#?
Achievements of the Madrassah Mainstream Programme!"#$8#-#&+($2'-0#-030$7+0$,"+,$.+/&+00+"$0,3/#-,0h$/&'%'3,$7+0$.32"$(#00$,"+-$,"+,$'* $8'@#&-.#-,$02"''(0$+(,"'38"$,"#$]Ob$ /)**#&#/$ 7),"$ ,"#$ '%)-)'-?$ !"#$ M]b$ Ve),#&+2GX$ 2+3,)'-#/$ ,"+,$ )-$ 2(+00$ T<$ ,"#$ 0,3/#-,0$ 7'3(/$ &#C3)&#$.32"$.'&#$+,,#-,)'-$ +-/$ #-"+-2#/$ 2(+00$ ,).)-80$ +0$ 2'.%+&#/$ ,'$ #+&()#&$ 2(+00#0?$ A#$ #.%"+0)L#/$ ,"+,$ ,"#$ ,#+2"#&0$ 0"'3(/$ 6#$ ,+38",$2'-,)-3'30$+00#00.#-,$.#,"'/'('8G?$A#$0,�#/$,"#$).%'&,+-2#$'* $@'2+,)'-+($,&+)-)-8$*'(('7#/$6G$`'6$%(+2#.#-,$7),"$('2+($)-/30,&)#0?$!"#$M]b$VM/32+,)'-X$7+0$"'%#*3($,"+,$.+)-0,&#+.$#/32+,)'-$7'3(/$6&)-8$%'0),)@#$,")-9)-8$+.'-80,$,"#$2")(/&#-$+-/$,"+,$,"#$,&+-0),)'-$'* $,"#0#$2")(/&#-$,'$8'@#&-.#-,$02"''(0$7'3(/$2'-,&)63,#$,'$,"#$McH$8'+(0?$A#$7+0$'* $,"#$'%)-)'-$,"+,$%&'`#2,0$()9#$,")0$'-#$"+0$,"#$%',#-,)+($'* $6&)-8)-8$+6'3,$+$.+`'&$2"+-8#$)-$.+/&+00+"$#/32+,)'-$+-/$),0$'@#&+(($#-@)&'-B.#-,?$!"#$]Ob$0+)/$,"+,$"#$7'3(/$()9#$,"#$%&'`#2,$,'$2'@#&$.'&#$.+/&+00+"0$)-$*3,3&#?$!"#$];]$'**)2)+(0$#.%"+0)L#/$,"#$).%'&,+-2#$'* $C3+(),G$'* $#/32+,)'-$)-$*3,3&#?$!"#G$7#&#$'* $,"#$'%)-)'-$,"+,$+-G$#D%+-0)'-$0"'3(/$6#$'-$.#&),<$6+0#/$'-$.)-).3.$-3.6#&$'* $6#-#*)2)+&)#0<$+-/$)-$&#.',#$('2+(),)#0$7"#&#$*#7$*+2)(),)#0$7#&#$+@+)(+6(#?$
Madrassahs’ Children and Education For All Programme!"#$]Ob<$M]b$ Ve),#&+2GX$ +-/$ ,"#$];]$'**)2)+(0$ 6#()#@#/$ ,"+,$.+/&+00+"$ 2")(/&#-$7#&#$ -',$ 2'3-,#/$ )-$ ,"#$McH$ 8'+(0$6#2+30#$,"#&#$7+0$-'$%&).+&G$2#&,)*)2+,)'-?$!"#$M]b$VM/32+,)'-X<$"'7#@#&$0,+,#/$,"+,$*3(($,).#$2")(/&#-$)-$.+/&+00+"0$7#&#$2'3-,#/$)-$McH$8'+(0$63,$,"'0#$8')-8$'-(G$*'&$+$2'3%(#$'* $"'3&0$+$/+G$7#&#$-',$2'3-,#/$+-/$0##-$+0$'3,B'*B02"''($2")(/&#-?$!"#&#$7+0$+$2'-0#-030$'-$)-2(3/)-8$.+/&+00+"$8&+/3+,#0$'* $%&).+&G$)-$,"#$McH$8'+(0?$!"#$]Ob$,"'38",$,"+,$.+/&+00+"$+/.)-)0,&+,)'-0$2'3(/$+(0'$6#$2'-@)-2#/$,'$0,+&,$+/3(,$(),#&+2G$2(+00#0?
Madrassah’s Children Competency Level as Compared to Children from other Institutions!"#$]Ob$'%)-#/$,"+,$,"#$2'.%#,#-2G$(#@#($'* $.+/&+00+"$2")(/&#-$7'3(/$&+-9$('7#&$,"+-$,"+,$'* $8'@#&-.#-,$02"''($2")(/&#-$6#2+30#$'* $,"#$/)**#&#-2#$)-$,#+2"#&0h$#/32+,)'-+(d$%&'*#00)'-+($C3+()*)2+,)'-$+-/$#D%#&)#-2#?$W',"$M]b$Ve),#&+2GX$+-/$M]b$VM/32+,)'-X$ ,)#/$3%$2")(/&#-h0$2'.%#,#-2G$ (#@#($7),"$ ,"#$C3+(),G$'* $ ,#+2"#&0?$!"#$ (+,,#&$ 0+)/$ ,"+,$ ),$7'3(/$6#$#+0G$ *'&$ ,"#$.+/&+00+"$2")(/&#-$,'$(#+&-$^&/3$'7)-8$,'$,"#)&$,&+)-)-8$,'$&#+/$+-/d'&$.#.'&)L#$,"#$K3&+-$6#2+30#$'* $0).)(+&$+(%"+6#,0<$02&)%,$+-/$%&'-3-2)+,)'-?
Mainstream Education for Madrassah’s Female Students!"#$]Ob$+-/$M]b$VM/32+,)'-X$0,+,#/$,"+,$8)&(0h$#/32+,)'-$7+0$#@#-$.'&#$).%'&,+-,$,"+-$,"+,$'* $6'G0$0)-2#$8)&(0$&#-/#&$8&#+,#&$&#,3&-0$*&'.$#/32+,)'-<$+-/$#/32+,)-8$8)&(0$.#+-0$6#,,#&$*+.)()#0$+-/$+$6#,,#&$0'2)#,G?$5")(#$+8&##)-8$7),"$,")0<$M]b$Ve),#&+2GX$+//#/$,"+,$8)&(0$0"'3(/$+//),)'-+((G$"+@#$+22#00$,'$0).%(#$09)(($(#+&-)-8$'%%'&,3-),)#0$0'$,"+,$,"#G$2'3(/$#-8+8#$)-$#),"#&$)-2'.#$8#-#&+,)'-$'&$)-2'.#$0+@)-8$+2,)@),)#0?
Importance of Mainstream Education for Madrassah’s Children in Current Context!"#$]Ob$0+)/$,"+,$,"#$%&'`#2,$7+0$@#&G$&#(#@+-,$)-$,"#$23&&#-,$2'-,#D,<$+-/$),$2'3(/$2&#+,#$+$%'0),)@#$).%+2,$'-$,"#$()@#0$'* $2")(/&#-$'* $.+/&+00+"?$4'&#$).%'&,+-,(G<$032"$#**'&,0$2'3(/$0'*,#-$,"#$,#-/#-2G$'* $&)8)/$'&$#D,&#.)0,$,")-9)-8$)-$")0$'%)-)'-?$M]b$VM/32+,)'-$+-/$e),#&+2GX$6',"$+8&##/$7),"$,")0$+00#00.#-,?$M]b$Ve),#&+2GX$#.%"+0)L#/$,"#$)-2(30)'-$'* $+(($2'-2#&-#/$%+&,)#0$+-/$,"#)&$2'-@#&8#-2#$'-$+$2'..'-$%(+,*'&.$7),"$2'-0#-030$'-$+$.)-).3.$+8#-/+?$M]b$VM/32+,)'-X$0+)/$,"+,$.'0,$'* $,"#$3(#.+$7#&#$()@)-8$)-$+$,3--#(<$+-/$*#7$%#'%(#$&#+()0#/$,"+,$,"#$.#+-)-8$'* $,"#$K3&+-$7+0$.'&#$).%'&,+-,$,"+-$.#&#$),+(?$W',"$,"#$M]b0$0,�#/$,"+,$,'(#&+-2#$7+0$).%'&,+-,$+-/$,"+,$'3&$2")(/&#-$.30,$8&'7$3%$+-/$3-/#&0,+-/$,"#$()-9$6#,7##-$ 10(+.$ +-/$ ,"#$7'&(/$7),"$ ,"#)&$ '7-$ 9-'7(#/8#?$ M]b$ VM/32+,)'-X$ 2+((#/$ *'&$.+00)@#$ +7+&#-#00$ *'&$.+/&+00+"$.+)-0,&#+.)-8$+-/$0G((+630$&#*'&.+,)'-?
Steps Taken to bring Mainstream Education to Madrassahs!"#$]Ob$0,+,#/$,"+,$0G((+630$*'&$.+)-0,&#+.$#/32+,)'-$"+/$6##-$8)@#-$,'$.+/&+00+"0$+-/$,"#$)0,&+,)'-$%&'2#00$"+/$6##-$)-),)+,#/?$M]b$Ve),#&+2GX$)-*'&.#/$,"+,$-'$0360,+-,)+($%&'8�$"+/$6##-$.+/#$6#2+30#$'* $.)0,&30,$+-/$(+29$'* $�'3&2#0?$A#$%')-,#/$'3,$,"+,$,"#$-##/$7+0$,'$0,+&,$,"#$%&'2#00$'* $/)+('83#$+-/$8)@#$%&'%#&$�%'-0)6)(),)#0$,'$.+/&+00+"0?$!"#$M]b$VM/32+,)'-X$+8&##/$,"+,$-'$-',+6(#$%&'8�$"+/$6##-$.+/#$+-/$,"#&#$7+0$+$*##()-8$,"+,$.+/&+00+"$ +/.)-)0,&+,)'-$ 7+0$ &)8)/$ +-/$ -',$ &#+/G$ ,'$ 63/8#$ *&'.$ ),0$ 2'-@#-,)'-+($ )/#+(0?$ !"#$ ];]$ '**)2)+(0$2'-23&&#/$,"+,$.'0,$'* $,"#$.+/&+00+"0$7#&#$&#(32,+-,$,'$%&'@)/#$/+,+$+0$0'.#$+&#$&3-$()9#$+$630)-#00$+-/$,"#G$6#()#@#$,"+,$3-/#&$,"#$8+&6$'* $)0,&+,)'-<$,"#$8'@#&-.#-,$%(+-0$,'$2'-,&'($+-/$S(+,#$,"#)&$7'&9)-8?$
Difficulties Faced by the Governmentf#-#&+($2'-0#-030$7+0$,"+,$,"#&#$7+0$+-$+)&$'* $8&#+,$.)0,&30,$6#,7##-$,"#$.+/&+00+"0$+-/$,"#$8'@#&-.#-,?$4'&#'B@#&<$-'$ &#+($/)+('83#$7+0$ )-$%&'2#00$ +-/$%'(),)2+($ 2'..),.#-,$7+0$ (+29)-8?$H22'&/)-8(G<$.+/&+00+"$.+)-0,&#+.$#/32+,)'-$)0$2'-0)/#&#/$+$&)09G$@#-,3&#?$1-$,"#$+60#-2#$'* $+$.)-).3.$2'..'-$+8#-/+<$),$)0$/)**)23(,$*'&$,"#$8'@#&-B.#-,$ ,'$ /#2)/#$ 7")2"$ 02"''($ '* $ ,"'38",$ ,'$ -#8',)+,#$ 7),"$ *)&0,?$ !"#$]Ob$ 0,+,#/$ ,"+,$ ,"#$ 6)88#0,$ &#+0'-$ '* $0#2(30)'-$'* $.+/&+00+"0$*&'.$.+)-0,&#+.$#/32+,)'-$7+0$,"#$*'&#)8-$*3-/)-8$,"+,$,"#G$#)@#/?$!"#G$*#(,$,"+,$,"#$8'@#&-.#-,$"+/$,'$#.6+&9$2+3,)'30(G$+0$),$2'3(/$-',$%&'@)/#$+(($,"#$�'3&2#0$,'$.+/&+00+"0$,"+,$,"#G$&#C3)&#?
Government Support Possibilities to Potential Madrassahs!"#$]Ob$0,+,#/$,"+,$,"#$8'@#&-.#-,$2'3(/$%&'@)/#$#/32+,)'-+($.+,#&)+(<$,#+2"#&$,&+)-)-8$+-/$0%+2#$,'$.+/&+00+"0$,"+,$7#&#$7)(()-8$,'$0,+&,$.+)-0,&#+.$#/32+,)'-?$M]b$VM/32+,)'-X$0+)/$,"+,$*'&$+(($.+/&+00+"0$7),"$+-$#-&'((.#-,$'* $+,$(#+0,$:>>$2")(/&#-<$,"#$/#%+&,.#-,$2'3(/$%&'@)/#$)-*&+0,&32,3&+($03%%'&,<$6''90<$.+,#&)+($+-/$#@#-$,#+2"#&0?$M]b$Ve),#&+2GX$)-*'&.#/$,"+,$")0$/#%+&,.#-,$2'3(/$"#(%$.+/&+00+"0$)-$+00#00.#-,<$2#&,)*)2+,)'-$+-/$.'-),'&)-8?$!"#$];]$'**)2)+(0$0,+,#/$,"+,$ ,"#)&$/#%+&,.#-,$2'3(/$%&'@)/#$,#+2"#&$,&+)-)-8<$2(+00&''.$'60#&@+,)'-0<$2(30,#&B6+0#/$.'-),'&)-8$+-/$%'00)6(G$%&'@)0)'-$'* $.+,#&)+(?
NGOs’ Support to Government in Providing Mainstream Education in Madrassahs4&0?$ ;"+")/+$ ;'"+)($ MD#23,)@#$ ])0,&)2,$ b**)2#&$ VM/32+,)'-X$ 0+)/$ ,"+,$ Nfb0$ 2+-$ 2&#+,#$ 2'..3-),G$ +7+&#-#00$,"&'38"$.##,)-80<$+-/$,"#G$0"'3(/$6#$%&'@)/#/$*3-/0$*'&$,"#0#$+2,)@),)#0?$!"#G$2+-$)/#-,)*G$.+/&+00+"0$,"+,$.##,$.)-).3.$2&),#&)+$*'&$03%%'&,?$
Madrassah Mainstream Teachers4&?$ ;+(##.$H9",+&$ !#+2"#&$M/32+,'&$ '* $];]$ 0+)/$ ,"+,$4+/&+00+"$ ,#+2"#&0$ "+@#$ 2'-*)/#-2#$ +-/$ ,"#G$ /'$ -',$"#0),+,#$,'$+09$C3#0,)'-0?$!"#G$%)29$3%$,")-80$C3)29(G$+-/$.'0,$'* $,"#.$()9#$,'$#D%('&#$,")-80?$5")(#$,"#)&$2'-,#-,$6+0#/$9-'7(#/8#$)0$7#+9#&$2'.%+&#/$,'$8'@#&-.#-,$02"''($,#+2"#&0<$),$)0$.32"$6#,,#&$,"+-$,#+2"#&0$'* $('7$#-/$%&)@+,#$02"''(0?$5"#-$7#$8'$'-$2#-,#&$@)0),0<$.'0,$'* $,"#$,#+2"#&0$%&#%+&#$C3#0,)'-0$)-$+/@+-2#?$!"#G$7)(($-##/$.'&#$)-,#-0)@#$,&+)-)-8$*'&$f&+/#$j<$%#&"+%0$+$,7'$7##9$0#00)'-?$M+&()#&$,"#G$7#&#$%&'@)/#/$,&+)-)-8$'-$036`#2,$2'-,#-,0<$.',)@+,)'-<$2(+00&''.$.+-+8#.#-,<$2(+00&''.$#-@)&'-.#-,$V'&)#-,+,)'-X<$+-/$+00#00.#-,$.#,"'/?$5#$-##/$,'$.+9#$()*#$#+0)#&$*'&$6',"$,#+2"#&0$+-/$0,3/#-,0$6G$&#/32)-8$,"#$63&/#-$'* $2'-,#-,$+-/$)-,#8&+,)-8$,'%)20$'* $/)**#&#-,$ 036`#2,0$ 2+&#*3((G?$ c'&$ +-G$ *3,3&#$ #D%+-0)'-$ '* $ ,"#$.+/&+00+"$.+)-0,&#+.$ #/32+,)'-$ %&'8&+..#<$ 7#$0"'3(/$#-03&#$,"+,$,#+2"#&0$0#(#2,#/$+&#$+,$(#+0,$8&+/3+,#0<$+-/$,"#G$+,,#-/$+,$(#+0,$+$,7'$7##9$,&+)-)-8$%&'8&+..#$6#*'&#$,"#G$0,+&,$,+9)-8$2(+00#0?$b3&$*'230$0"'3(/$6#$'-$036`#2,$2'-,#-,<$%#/+8'8)#0<$)-,#&+2,)@#$+-/$2")(/$2#-,#&#/$.#,"'/'('8G?
Other Madrassah Mainstream Education Programmes!"#$])0,&)2,$O''&/)-+,)'-$b**)2#&$B$]Ob<$MD#23,)@#$])0,&)2,$b**)2#&$M/32+,)'-$B$M]b<$MD#23,)@#$])0,&)2,$b**)2#&$e),#&+2G$+-/$,7'$'**)2)+(0$*&'.$,"#$]),'&+,#$'* $;,+** $]#@#('%.#-,$B$];]$f'@#&-.#-,$O'((#8#$'* $M(#.#-,+&G$!#+2"#&0$B$fOM!$7#&#$)-,#&@)#7#/$/3&)-8$,"#$0,3/G?$N'-#$'* $,"#$'**)2)+(0$"+/$+-G$9-'7(#/8#$+6'3,$+$0).)(+&$.+)-0,&#+.$#/32+,)'-$%&'`#2,$'&$%&'8&+..#$ )-$+-G$.+/&+00+"?$!"#$]Ob$0+)/$ ,"+,$ 0'.#$%&)@+,#$02"''(0$7#&#$'**#&)-8$+$2'.6)-+,)'-$'* $.+)-0,&#+.$+-/$&#()8)'30$#/32+,)'-?$!"#$M]b$Ve),#&+2GX$)-*'&.#/$,"+,$0'.#$.+/&+00+"0$7#&#$'**#&)-8$.+)-0,&#+.$#/32+,)'-$'-$,"#)&$'7-$+-/$"#$+((#/$'-#$.+/&+00+"$"#+/$7"'$"+/$+%%&'+2"#/$").$*'&$%&'@)0)'-$'* $,7'$.+)-0,&#+.$#/32+,)'-$,#+2"#&0?$A#$+//#/$,"+,$.+-G$.+/&+00+"0$7+-,#/$,'$2'..#-2#$.+)-0,&#+.$#/32+,)'-$63,$,"#G$7#&#$")-/#&#/$6G$(+29$'* $�'3&2#0?$!"#$M]b$
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"# Findings of the Study
Sweden
VM/32+,)'-X$7+0$*+.)()+&$'-(G$7),"$,"#$8'@#&-.#-,h0$.+9,+6$02"''(0$7"#&#$.'0C3#0$7),"$0%+2#$+@+)(+6(#$7#&#$%&'@)/#/$'-#$P&).+&G$!#+2")-8$O#&,)*)2+,#$VP!OX$,#+2"#&$+-/$+$0,)%#-/$*'&$,"#$1.+.?$!"#$.+9,+60$'**#&#/$#/32+,)'-$3%$,'$2(+00$Y$)-$0.+(($0#,,(#.#-,0$7"#&#$%&).+&G$02"''(0$7#&#$-',$+@+)(+6(#?
Achievements of the Madrassah Mainstream Programme!"#$8#-#&+($2'-0#-030$7+0$,"+,$.+/&+00+"$0,3/#-,0h$/&'%'3,$7+0$.32"$(#00$,"+-$,"+,$'* $8'@#&-.#-,$02"''(0$+(,"'38"$,"#$]Ob$ /)**#&#/$ 7),"$ ,"#$ '%)-)'-?$ !"#$ M]b$ Ve),#&+2GX$ 2+3,)'-#/$ ,"+,$ )-$ 2(+00$ T<$ ,"#$ 0,3/#-,0$ 7'3(/$ &#C3)&#$.32"$.'&#$+,,#-,)'-$ +-/$ #-"+-2#/$ 2(+00$ ,).)-80$ +0$ 2'.%+&#/$ ,'$ #+&()#&$ 2(+00#0?$ A#$ #.%"+0)L#/$ ,"+,$ ,"#$ ,#+2"#&0$ 0"'3(/$ 6#$ ,+38",$2'-,)-3'30$+00#00.#-,$.#,"'/'('8G?$A#$0,�#/$,"#$).%'&,+-2#$'* $@'2+,)'-+($,&+)-)-8$*'(('7#/$6G$`'6$%(+2#.#-,$7),"$('2+($)-/30,&)#0?$!"#$M]b$VM/32+,)'-X$7+0$"'%#*3($,"+,$.+)-0,&#+.$#/32+,)'-$7'3(/$6&)-8$%'0),)@#$,")-9)-8$+.'-80,$,"#$2")(/&#-$+-/$,"+,$,"#$,&+-0),)'-$'* $,"#0#$2")(/&#-$,'$8'@#&-.#-,$02"''(0$7'3(/$2'-,&)63,#$,'$,"#$McH$8'+(0?$A#$7+0$'* $,"#$'%)-)'-$,"+,$%&'`#2,0$()9#$,")0$'-#$"+0$,"#$%',#-,)+($'* $6&)-8)-8$+6'3,$+$.+`'&$2"+-8#$)-$.+/&+00+"$#/32+,)'-$+-/$),0$'@#&+(($#-@)&'-B.#-,?$!"#$]Ob$0+)/$,"+,$"#$7'3(/$()9#$,"#$%&'`#2,$,'$2'@#&$.'&#$.+/&+00+"0$)-$*3,3&#?$!"#$];]$'**)2)+(0$#.%"+0)L#/$,"#$).%'&,+-2#$'* $C3+(),G$'* $#/32+,)'-$)-$*3,3&#?$!"#G$7#&#$'* $,"#$'%)-)'-$,"+,$+-G$#D%+-0)'-$0"'3(/$6#$'-$.#&),<$6+0#/$'-$.)-).3.$-3.6#&$'* $6#-#*)2)+&)#0<$+-/$)-$&#.',#$('2+(),)#0$7"#&#$*#7$*+2)(),)#0$7#&#$+@+)(+6(#?$
Madrassahs’ Children and Education For All Programme!"#$]Ob<$M]b$ Ve),#&+2GX$ +-/$ ,"#$];]$'**)2)+(0$ 6#()#@#/$ ,"+,$.+/&+00+"$ 2")(/&#-$7#&#$ -',$ 2'3-,#/$ )-$ ,"#$McH$ 8'+(0$6#2+30#$,"#&#$7+0$-'$%&).+&G$2#&,)*)2+,)'-?$!"#$M]b$VM/32+,)'-X<$"'7#@#&$0,+,#/$,"+,$*3(($,).#$2")(/&#-$)-$.+/&+00+"0$7#&#$2'3-,#/$)-$McH$8'+(0$63,$,"'0#$8')-8$'-(G$*'&$+$2'3%(#$'* $"'3&0$+$/+G$7#&#$-',$2'3-,#/$+-/$0##-$+0$'3,B'*B02"''($2")(/&#-?$!"#&#$7+0$+$2'-0#-030$'-$)-2(3/)-8$.+/&+00+"$8&+/3+,#0$'* $%&).+&G$)-$,"#$McH$8'+(0?$!"#$]Ob$,"'38",$,"+,$.+/&+00+"$+/.)-)0,&+,)'-0$2'3(/$+(0'$6#$2'-@)-2#/$,'$0,+&,$+/3(,$(),#&+2G$2(+00#0?
Madrassah’s Children Competency Level as Compared to Children from other Institutions!"#$]Ob$'%)-#/$,"+,$,"#$2'.%#,#-2G$(#@#($'* $.+/&+00+"$2")(/&#-$7'3(/$&+-9$('7#&$,"+-$,"+,$'* $8'@#&-.#-,$02"''($2")(/&#-$6#2+30#$'* $,"#$/)**#&#-2#$)-$,#+2"#&0h$#/32+,)'-+(d$%&'*#00)'-+($C3+()*)2+,)'-$+-/$#D%#&)#-2#?$W',"$M]b$Ve),#&+2GX$+-/$M]b$VM/32+,)'-X$ ,)#/$3%$2")(/&#-h0$2'.%#,#-2G$ (#@#($7),"$ ,"#$C3+(),G$'* $ ,#+2"#&0?$!"#$ (+,,#&$ 0+)/$ ,"+,$ ),$7'3(/$6#$#+0G$ *'&$ ,"#$.+/&+00+"$2")(/&#-$,'$(#+&-$^&/3$'7)-8$,'$,"#)&$,&+)-)-8$,'$&#+/$+-/d'&$.#.'&)L#$,"#$K3&+-$6#2+30#$'* $0).)(+&$+(%"+6#,0<$02&)%,$+-/$%&'-3-2)+,)'-?
Mainstream Education for Madrassah’s Female Students!"#$]Ob$+-/$M]b$VM/32+,)'-X$0,+,#/$,"+,$8)&(0h$#/32+,)'-$7+0$#@#-$.'&#$).%'&,+-,$,"+-$,"+,$'* $6'G0$0)-2#$8)&(0$&#-/#&$8&#+,#&$&#,3&-0$*&'.$#/32+,)'-<$+-/$#/32+,)-8$8)&(0$.#+-0$6#,,#&$*+.)()#0$+-/$+$6#,,#&$0'2)#,G?$5")(#$+8&##)-8$7),"$,")0<$M]b$Ve),#&+2GX$+//#/$,"+,$8)&(0$0"'3(/$+//),)'-+((G$"+@#$+22#00$,'$0).%(#$09)(($(#+&-)-8$'%%'&,3-),)#0$0'$,"+,$,"#G$2'3(/$#-8+8#$)-$#),"#&$)-2'.#$8#-#&+,)'-$'&$)-2'.#$0+@)-8$+2,)@),)#0?
Importance of Mainstream Education for Madrassah’s Children in Current Context!"#$]Ob$0+)/$,"+,$,"#$%&'`#2,$7+0$@#&G$&#(#@+-,$)-$,"#$23&&#-,$2'-,#D,<$+-/$),$2'3(/$2&#+,#$+$%'0),)@#$).%+2,$'-$,"#$()@#0$'* $2")(/&#-$'* $.+/&+00+"?$4'&#$).%'&,+-,(G<$032"$#**'&,0$2'3(/$0'*,#-$,"#$,#-/#-2G$'* $&)8)/$'&$#D,&#.)0,$,")-9)-8$)-$")0$'%)-)'-?$M]b$VM/32+,)'-$+-/$e),#&+2GX$6',"$+8&##/$7),"$,")0$+00#00.#-,?$M]b$Ve),#&+2GX$#.%"+0)L#/$,"#$)-2(30)'-$'* $+(($2'-2#&-#/$%+&,)#0$+-/$,"#)&$2'-@#&8#-2#$'-$+$2'..'-$%(+,*'&.$7),"$2'-0#-030$'-$+$.)-).3.$+8#-/+?$M]b$VM/32+,)'-X$0+)/$,"+,$.'0,$'* $,"#$3(#.+$7#&#$()@)-8$)-$+$,3--#(<$+-/$*#7$%#'%(#$&#+()0#/$,"+,$,"#$.#+-)-8$'* $,"#$K3&+-$7+0$.'&#$).%'&,+-,$,"+-$.#&#$),+(?$W',"$,"#$M]b0$0,�#/$,"+,$,'(#&+-2#$7+0$).%'&,+-,$+-/$,"+,$'3&$2")(/&#-$.30,$8&'7$3%$+-/$3-/#&0,+-/$,"#$()-9$6#,7##-$ 10(+.$ +-/$ ,"#$7'&(/$7),"$ ,"#)&$ '7-$ 9-'7(#/8#?$ M]b$ VM/32+,)'-X$ 2+((#/$ *'&$.+00)@#$ +7+&#-#00$ *'&$.+/&+00+"$.+)-0,&#+.)-8$+-/$0G((+630$&#*'&.+,)'-?
Steps Taken to bring Mainstream Education to Madrassahs!"#$]Ob$0,+,#/$,"+,$0G((+630$*'&$.+)-0,&#+.$#/32+,)'-$"+/$6##-$8)@#-$,'$.+/&+00+"0$+-/$,"#$)0,&+,)'-$%&'2#00$"+/$6##-$)-),)+,#/?$M]b$Ve),#&+2GX$)-*'&.#/$,"+,$-'$0360,+-,)+($%&'8�$"+/$6##-$.+/#$6#2+30#$'* $.)0,&30,$+-/$(+29$'* $�'3&2#0?$A#$%')-,#/$'3,$,"+,$,"#$-##/$7+0$,'$0,+&,$,"#$%&'2#00$'* $/)+('83#$+-/$8)@#$%&'%#&$�%'-0)6)(),)#0$,'$.+/&+00+"0?$!"#$M]b$VM/32+,)'-X$+8&##/$,"+,$-'$-',+6(#$%&'8�$"+/$6##-$.+/#$+-/$,"#&#$7+0$+$*##()-8$,"+,$.+/&+00+"$ +/.)-)0,&+,)'-$ 7+0$ &)8)/$ +-/$ -',$ &#+/G$ ,'$ 63/8#$ *&'.$ ),0$ 2'-@#-,)'-+($ )/#+(0?$ !"#$ ];]$ '**)2)+(0$2'-23&&#/$,"+,$.'0,$'* $,"#$.+/&+00+"0$7#&#$&#(32,+-,$,'$%&'@)/#$/+,+$+0$0'.#$+&#$&3-$()9#$+$630)-#00$+-/$,"#G$6#()#@#$,"+,$3-/#&$,"#$8+&6$'* $)0,&+,)'-<$,"#$8'@#&-.#-,$%(+-0$,'$2'-,&'($+-/$S(+,#$,"#)&$7'&9)-8?$
Difficulties Faced by the Governmentf#-#&+($2'-0#-030$7+0$,"+,$,"#&#$7+0$+-$+)&$'* $8&#+,$.)0,&30,$6#,7##-$,"#$.+/&+00+"0$+-/$,"#$8'@#&-.#-,?$4'&#'B@#&<$-'$ &#+($/)+('83#$7+0$ )-$%&'2#00$ +-/$%'(),)2+($ 2'..),.#-,$7+0$ (+29)-8?$H22'&/)-8(G<$.+/&+00+"$.+)-0,&#+.$#/32+,)'-$)0$2'-0)/#&#/$+$&)09G$@#-,3&#?$1-$,"#$+60#-2#$'* $+$.)-).3.$2'..'-$+8#-/+<$),$)0$/)**)23(,$*'&$,"#$8'@#&-B.#-,$ ,'$ /#2)/#$ 7")2"$ 02"''($ '* $ ,"'38",$ ,'$ -#8',)+,#$ 7),"$ *)&0,?$ !"#$]Ob$ 0,+,#/$ ,"+,$ ,"#$ 6)88#0,$ &#+0'-$ '* $0#2(30)'-$'* $.+/&+00+"0$*&'.$.+)-0,&#+.$#/32+,)'-$7+0$,"#$*'&#)8-$*3-/)-8$,"+,$,"#G$#)@#/?$!"#G$*#(,$,"+,$,"#$8'@#&-.#-,$"+/$,'$#.6+&9$2+3,)'30(G$+0$),$2'3(/$-',$%&'@)/#$+(($,"#$�'3&2#0$,'$.+/&+00+"0$,"+,$,"#G$&#C3)&#?
Government Support Possibilities to Potential Madrassahs!"#$]Ob$0,+,#/$,"+,$,"#$8'@#&-.#-,$2'3(/$%&'@)/#$#/32+,)'-+($.+,#&)+(<$,#+2"#&$,&+)-)-8$+-/$0%+2#$,'$.+/&+00+"0$,"+,$7#&#$7)(()-8$,'$0,+&,$.+)-0,&#+.$#/32+,)'-?$M]b$VM/32+,)'-X$0+)/$,"+,$*'&$+(($.+/&+00+"0$7),"$+-$#-&'((.#-,$'* $+,$(#+0,$:>>$2")(/&#-<$,"#$/#%+&,.#-,$2'3(/$%&'@)/#$)-*&+0,&32,3&+($03%%'&,<$6''90<$.+,#&)+($+-/$#@#-$,#+2"#&0?$M]b$Ve),#&+2GX$)-*'&.#/$,"+,$")0$/#%+&,.#-,$2'3(/$"#(%$.+/&+00+"0$)-$+00#00.#-,<$2#&,)*)2+,)'-$+-/$.'-),'&)-8?$!"#$];]$'**)2)+(0$0,+,#/$,"+,$ ,"#)&$/#%+&,.#-,$2'3(/$%&'@)/#$,#+2"#&$,&+)-)-8<$2(+00&''.$'60#&@+,)'-0<$2(30,#&B6+0#/$.'-),'&)-8$+-/$%'00)6(G$%&'@)0)'-$'* $.+,#&)+(?
NGOs’ Support to Government in Providing Mainstream Education in Madrassahs4&0?$ ;"+")/+$ ;'"+)($ MD#23,)@#$ ])0,&)2,$ b**)2#&$ VM/32+,)'-X$ 0+)/$ ,"+,$ Nfb0$ 2+-$ 2&#+,#$ 2'..3-),G$ +7+&#-#00$,"&'38"$.##,)-80<$+-/$,"#G$0"'3(/$6#$%&'@)/#/$*3-/0$*'&$,"#0#$+2,)@),)#0?$!"#G$2+-$)/#-,)*G$.+/&+00+"0$,"+,$.##,$.)-).3.$2&),#&)+$*'&$03%%'&,?$
Madrassah Mainstream Teachers4&?$ ;+(##.$H9",+&$ !#+2"#&$M/32+,'&$ '* $];]$ 0+)/$ ,"+,$4+/&+00+"$ ,#+2"#&0$ "+@#$ 2'-*)/#-2#$ +-/$ ,"#G$ /'$ -',$"#0),+,#$,'$+09$C3#0,)'-0?$!"#G$%)29$3%$,")-80$C3)29(G$+-/$.'0,$'* $,"#.$()9#$,'$#D%('&#$,")-80?$5")(#$,"#)&$2'-,#-,$6+0#/$9-'7(#/8#$)0$7#+9#&$2'.%+&#/$,'$8'@#&-.#-,$02"''($,#+2"#&0<$),$)0$.32"$6#,,#&$,"+-$,#+2"#&0$'* $('7$#-/$%&)@+,#$02"''(0?$5"#-$7#$8'$'-$2#-,#&$@)0),0<$.'0,$'* $,"#$,#+2"#&0$%&#%+&#$C3#0,)'-0$)-$+/@+-2#?$!"#G$7)(($-##/$.'&#$)-,#-0)@#$,&+)-)-8$*'&$f&+/#$j<$%#&"+%0$+$,7'$7##9$0#00)'-?$M+&()#&$,"#G$7#&#$%&'@)/#/$,&+)-)-8$'-$036`#2,$2'-,#-,0<$.',)@+,)'-<$2(+00&''.$.+-+8#.#-,<$2(+00&''.$#-@)&'-.#-,$V'&)#-,+,)'-X<$+-/$+00#00.#-,$.#,"'/?$5#$-##/$,'$.+9#$()*#$#+0)#&$*'&$6',"$,#+2"#&0$+-/$0,3/#-,0$6G$&#/32)-8$,"#$63&/#-$'* $2'-,#-,$+-/$)-,#8&+,)-8$,'%)20$'* $/)**#&#-,$ 036`#2,0$ 2+&#*3((G?$ c'&$ +-G$ *3,3&#$ #D%+-0)'-$ '* $ ,"#$.+/&+00+"$.+)-0,&#+.$ #/32+,)'-$ %&'8&+..#<$ 7#$0"'3(/$#-03&#$,"+,$,#+2"#&0$0#(#2,#/$+&#$+,$(#+0,$8&+/3+,#0<$+-/$,"#G$+,,#-/$+,$(#+0,$+$,7'$7##9$,&+)-)-8$%&'8&+..#$6#*'&#$,"#G$0,+&,$,+9)-8$2(+00#0?$b3&$*'230$0"'3(/$6#$'-$036`#2,$2'-,#-,<$%#/+8'8)#0<$)-,#&+2,)@#$+-/$2")(/$2#-,#&#/$.#,"'/'('8G?
Other Madrassah Mainstream Education Programmes!"#$])0,&)2,$O''&/)-+,)'-$b**)2#&$B$]Ob<$MD#23,)@#$])0,&)2,$b**)2#&$M/32+,)'-$B$M]b<$MD#23,)@#$])0,&)2,$b**)2#&$e),#&+2G$+-/$,7'$'**)2)+(0$*&'.$,"#$]),'&+,#$'* $;,+** $]#@#('%.#-,$B$];]$f'@#&-.#-,$O'((#8#$'* $M(#.#-,+&G$!#+2"#&0$B$fOM!$7#&#$)-,#&@)#7#/$/3&)-8$,"#$0,3/G?$N'-#$'* $,"#$'**)2)+(0$"+/$+-G$9-'7(#/8#$+6'3,$+$0).)(+&$.+)-0,&#+.$#/32+,)'-$%&'`#2,$'&$%&'8&+..#$ )-$+-G$.+/&+00+"?$!"#$]Ob$0+)/$ ,"+,$ 0'.#$%&)@+,#$02"''(0$7#&#$'**#&)-8$+$2'.6)-+,)'-$'* $.+)-0,&#+.$+-/$&#()8)'30$#/32+,)'-?$!"#$M]b$Ve),#&+2GX$)-*'&.#/$,"+,$0'.#$.+/&+00+"0$7#&#$'**#&)-8$.+)-0,&#+.$#/32+,)'-$'-$,"#)&$'7-$+-/$"#$+((#/$'-#$.+/&+00+"$"#+/$7"'$"+/$+%%&'+2"#/$").$*'&$%&'@)0)'-$'* $,7'$.+)-0,&#+.$#/32+,)'-$,#+2"#&0?$A#$+//#/$,"+,$.+-G$.+/&+00+"0$7+-,#/$,'$2'..#-2#$.+)-0,&#+.$#/32+,)'-$63,$,"#G$7#&#$")-/#&#/$6G$(+29$'* $�'3&2#0?$!"#$M]b$
"$Findings of the Study
Sweden
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Achievements of the Madrassah Mainstream Programme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
Madrassahs’ Children and Education For All Programme>45,C?DG,"CD, !E('52&%3+, &*#, '45,CNC,)//(%(&1., :51(575#, '4&',0&..&4, %4(1#25*,-525, *)', %)$*'5#, (*, '45,"KL, 6)&1.,:5%&$.5,'4525,-&.,*),<2(0&23,%52'(/(%&'()*A,>45,"CD,!"#$%&'()*+G,4)-5752,.'&'5#,'4&',/$11,'(05,%4(1#25*,(*,0&..&4.,-525,%)$*'5#,(*,"KL,6)&1.,:$','4).5,6)(*6,)*13,/)2,&,%)$<15,)/ ,4)$2.,&,#&3,-525,*)',%)$*'5#,&*#,.55*,&.,)$'M)/M.%4))1,%4(1#25*A,>4525,-&.,&,%)*.5*.$.,)*,(*%1$#(*6,0&..&4,62&#$&'5.,)/ ,<2(0&23,(*,'45,"KL,6)&1.A,>45,C?D,'4)$64','4&',0&..&4,�(*(.'2&'()*.,%)$1#,&1.),:5,%)*7(*%5#,'),.'&2',&#$1',1('52&%3,%1&..5.A
Madrassah’s Children Competency Level as Compared to Children from other Institutions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
Mainstream Education for Madrassah’s Female Students>45,C?D,&*#,"CD,!"#$%&'()*+,.'&'5#,'4&',6(21.8,5#$%&'()*,-&.,575*,0)25,(0<)2'&*','4&*,'4&',)/ ,:)3.,.(*%5,6(21.,25*#52,625&'52,25'$2*.,/2)0,5#$%&'()*G,&*#,5#$%&'(*6,6(21.,05&*.,:5''52,/&0(1(5.,&*#,&,:5''52,.)%(5'3A,T4(15,&6255(*6,-('4,'4(.G,"CD,!E('52&%3+,&##5#,'4&',6(21.,.4)$1#,&##('()*&113,4&75,&%%5..,'),.(0<15,.9(11,15&2*(*6,)<<)2'$*('(5.,.),'4&','453,%)$1#,5*6&65,(*,5('452,(*%)05,65*52&'()*,)2,(*%)05,.&7(*6,&%'(7('(5.A
Importance of Mainstream Education for Madrassah’s Children in Current Context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
Steps Taken to bring Mainstream Education to Madrassahs>45,C?D,.'&'5#,'4&',.311&:$.,/)2,0&(*.'25&0,5#$%&'()*,4&#,:55*,6(75*,'),0&..&4.,&*#,'45,256(.'2&'()*,<2)%5..,4&#,:55*,(*('(&'5#A,"CD,!E('52&%3+,(*/)205#,'4&',*),.$:.'&*'(&1,<2)625..,4&#,:55*,0,:5%&$.5,)/ ,0(.'2$.',&*#,1&%9,)/ ,25.)$2%5.A,H5,<)(*'5#,)$','4&','45,*55#,-&.,'),.'&2','45,<2)%5..,)/ ,#(&1)6$5,&*#,6(75,<2)<52,25.<)*.(:(1('(5.,'),0&..&4.A,>45,"CD,!"#$%&'()*+,&6255#,'4&',*),*)'&:15,<2)625..,4&#,:55*,0,&*#,'4525,-&.,&,/551(*6,'4&',0&..&4, �(*(.'2&'()*, -&., 2(6(#, &*#, *)', 25, '), :$#65, /2)0, ('., %)*75*'()*&1, (#5&1.A, >45, CNC, )//(%(&1.,%)*%$225#,'4&',0).',)/ ,'45,0&..&4.,-525,251$%'&*','),<2)7(#5,#&'&,&.,.)05,&25,2$*,1(95,&,:$.(*5..,&*#,'453,:51(575,'4&',$*#52,'45,6&2:,)/ ,256(.'2&'()*G,'45,6)752*05*',<1&*.,'),%)*'2)1,&*#,256$1&'5,'45(2,-)29(*6A,
Difficulties Faced by the Government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
Government Support Possibilities to Potential Madrassahs>45,C?D,.'&'5#,'4&','45,6)752*05*',%)$1#,<2)7(#5,5#$%&'()*&1,0&'52(&1G,'5&%452,'2&(*(*6,&*#,.<&%5,'),0&..&4.,'4&',-525,-(11(*6,'),.'&2',0&(*.'25&0,5#$%&'()*A,"CD,!"#$%&'()*+,.&(#,'4&',/)2,&11,0&..&4.,-('4,&*,5*2)1105*',)/ ,&',15&.',WXX,%4(1#25*G,'45,#5<&2'05*',%)$1#,<2)7(#5,(*/2&.'2$%'$2&1,.$<<)2'G,:))9.G,0&'52(&1,&*#,575*,'5&%452.A,"CD,!E('52&%3+,(*/)205#,'4&',4(.,#5<&2'05*',%)$1#,451<,0&..&4.,(*,&..5..05*'G,%52'(/(%&'()*,&*#,0)*(')2(*6A,>45,CNC,)//(%(&1.,.'&'5#,'4&', '45(2,#5<&2'05*',%)$1#,<2)7(#5,'5&%452,'2&(*(*6G,%1&..2))0,):.527&'()*.G,%1$.'52M:&.5#,0)*(')2(*6,&*#,<)..(:13,<2)7(.()*,)/ ,0&'52(&1A
NGOs’ Support to Government in Providing Mainstream Education in MadrassahsU2.A, N4&4(#&, N)4&(1, "O5%$'(75, C(.'2(%', D//(%52, !"#$%&'()*+, .&(#, '4&', YVD., %&*, %25&'5, %)00$*('3, &-&25*5..,'42)$64,055'(*6.G,&*#,'453,.4)$1#,:5,<2)7(#5#,/$*#.,/)2,'45.5,&%'(7('(5.A,>453,%&*,(#5*'(/3,0&..&4.,'4&',055',0(*(0$0,%2('52(&,/)2,.$<<)2'A,
Madrassah Mainstream Teachers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
Other Madrassah Mainstream Education Programmes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