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-Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Senior Engg. Lecturer, International Maritime Academy, Bangladesh.

04/08/2023 Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Senior Lecturer, IMA, Bangladesh.

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IMOWhat is IMO?International Maritime Organization. IMO is the specialized agency of the United

Nations (U.N.) concerned with Maritime Affairs located in London, England.

04/08/2023 Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Senior Lecturer, IMA, Bangladesh.

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History of IMO:

IMO (Formerly known as IMCO-International Maritime Consultative Organization) was established under a 1948 United Nations convention that entered into force on 17 March 1958.

As of December, 2013 IMO currently has 170 member states, 3 associate members, 51 Inter-Governmental Organizations which have concluded agreements of cooperation, and 66 Non-Governmental Organizations in Consultative Status with IMO.

04/08/2023 Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Senior Lecturer, IMA, Bangladesh.

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What Does IMO Do?The IMO slogan sums up its objectives: “Safe, secure and efficient shipping on clean oceans.” When IMO first began operations its chief concern was to develop

international treaties and other legislation concerning safety and marine pollution prevention.

By the late 1970s, however, this work had been largely completed, though a number of important instruments were adopted in more recent years. IMO is now concentrating on keeping legislation up to date and ensuring that it is ratified by as many countries as possible. This has been so successful that many Conventions now apply to more than 98% of world merchant shipping tonnage.

Currently the emphasis is on trying to ensure that these conventions and other treaties are properly implemented by the countries that have accepted them. The texts of conventions, codes and other instruments adopted by IMO can be purchased from IMO Publications.

04/08/2023 Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Senior Lecturer, IMA, Bangladesh.

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Why do we need the IMO to look after shipping?Because shipping is an international industry. If each nation developed its own safety legislation the result would be a maze of differing, often conflicting national laws. One nation, for example, might insist on lifeboats being made of steel and another of glass-reinforced plastic. Some nations might insist on very high safety standards while others might be more lax, acting as havens for sub-standard shipping.

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What is the IMO Convention? A written international treaty made between two or more states which is

binding in International law. Conventions are chief instruments of IMO, being binding legal

instruments, regulating some aspect of maritime affairs of major concern to IMO e.g. safety of life at sea (SOLAS) or marine pollution (MARPOL).

They are identified by name and the year of adoption by the Assembly, Such as the International Convention on the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974.

May have detailed technical provisions attached in annexes, such as six annexes to the MARPOL convention, each dealing with a different aspect of marine pollution.

How many IMO conventions are there? As of December, 2013, there are 30 conventions have been made

between IMO member states.

Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Senior Lecturer, IMA, Bangladesh.

04/08/2023 Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Senior Lecturer, IMA, Bangladesh.

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Most important IMO Conventions:1. International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS), 1974, as amended.

2. International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973, as modified by the Protocol of 1978 relating thereto and by the Protocol of 1997(MARPOL).

3. International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers ( STCW ) as amended, including the 1995 and 2010 Manila Amendments.

04/08/2023 Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Senior Lecturer, IMA, Bangladesh.

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Other conventions relating to maritime safety and security and ship/port interface:4.Convention on the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (COLREG), 19725. Convention on Facilitation of International Maritime Traffic (FAL), 19656. International Convention on Load Lines (LL), 19667. International Convention on Maritime Search and Rescue (SAR), 19798. Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts Against the Safety of Maritime Navigation (SUA), 1988, and Protocol for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts Against the Safety of Fixed Platforms located on the Continental Shelf (and the 2005 Protocols)9. International Convention for Safe Containers (CSC), 197210. Convention on the International Maritime Satellite Organization (IMSO C), 1976 11. The Torremolinos International Convention for the Safety of Fishing Vessels(SFV), 1977, superseded by the The 1993 Torremolinos Protocol; Cape Town Agreement of 2012 on the Implementation of the Provisions of the 1993 Protocol relating to the Torremolinos International Convention for the Safety of Fishing Vessels 12. International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Fishing Vessel Personnel (STCW-F), 199513. Special Trade Passenger Ships Agreement (STP), 1971 and Protocol on Space Requirements for Special Trade Passenger Ships, 1973

04/08/2023 Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Senior Lecturer, IMA, Bangladesh.

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Other conventions relating to prevention of marine pollution: 14. International Convention Relating to Intervention on the High Seas in Cases of Oil Pollution Casualties (INTERVENTION), 196915. Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping of Wastes and Other Matter (LC), 1972 (and the 1996 London Protocol)16. International Convention on Oil Pollution Preparedness, Response and Co-operation (OPRC), 199017. Protocol on Preparedness, Response and Co-operation to pollution Incidents by Hazardous and Noxious Substances, 2000 (OPRC-HNS Protocol)18. International Convention on the Control of Harmful Anti-fouling Systems on Ships (AFS), 200119. International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships' Ballast Water and Sediments, 200420. The Hong Kong International Convention for the Safe and Environmentally Sound Recycling of Ships, 2009

04/08/2023 Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Senior Lecturer, IMA, Bangladesh.

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Conventions covering liability and compensation:21. International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage (CLC), 196922. 1992 Protocol to the International Convention on the Establishment of anInternational Fund for Compensation for Oil Pollution Damage (FUND 1992)23. Convention relating to Civil Liability in the Field of Maritime Carriage of Nuclear Material (NUCLEAR), 197124. Athens Convention relating to the Carriage of Passengers and their Luggage by Sea (PAL), 197425. Convention on Limitation of Liability for Maritime Claims (LLMC), 197626. International Convention on Liability and Compensation for Damage in Connection with the Carriage of Hazardous and Noxious Substances by Sea(HNS), 1996 (and its 2010 Protocol)27. International Convention on Civil Liability for Bunker Oil Pollution Damage, 2001 28. Nairobi International Convention on the Removal of Wrecks, 2007

Other subjects29. International Convention on Tonnage Measurement of Ships (TONNAGE), 196930. International Convention on Salvage (SALVAGE), 1989

04/08/2023 Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Senior Lecturer, IMA, Bangladesh.

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IMO Has Developed 25 Codes, Including:

Ship and Port Facility Security (ISPS)Standards for Training and Watchkeeping Maritime Dangerous Goods (IMDG)Solid Bulk CargoesSafety Management (ISM)High Speed CraftConstruction and Equipment of Mobile

Offshore Drilling UnitsConstruction and Equipment of Ships Carrying

Dangerous Chemical in Bulk

04/08/2023 Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Senior Lecturer, IMA, Bangladesh.

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IMO Has Developed More Than 700 Recommendations & Guidelines,Including:

1. Securing Arrangements for the Transport of Road Vehicles on Ro-Ro Ships

2. Packing Cargo in Freight Containers3. Intact Stability for Passenger & Cargo Ships

under 100 meters in length4. Safe Access to and Working in Large Tanks &

Large Cargo Holds5. Emergency Towing Requirements – Tankers6. Provisions and Display of Maneuvering

Information on Board Ships7. Safe Use of Pesticides in Ships8. Medical First Aid Guide for Use in Accidents

involving Dangerous Goods

04/08/2023 Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Senior Lecturer, IMA, Bangladesh.

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IMO Facts Annual Budget – 24+ Million GBPMember States fund IMO budget through

assessments based largely on size of fleet(% of world’s gross tonnage)

Secretariat – 320 Staff Members 50 Nationalities

04/08/2023 Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Senior Lecturer, IMA, Bangladesh.

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IMO Secretariat: Who is the Secretary-General of IMO?

The current Secretary-General is Mr. Koji Sekimizu (Japan).

M aritim eS afe ty

D ivis ion

L ega l Affairs andE xtern a l R e latio ns

D ivis ion

A d m in is tra tiveD ivis ion

C o nfe ren ceD ivis ion

M arineE n viro n m ent

D ivis ion

T echn icalC oo p eration

S E C R E T A R Y G E N E R A L

04/08/2023 Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Senior Lecturer, IMA, Bangladesh.

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Major Issues on IMO’s AgendaMaritime SecurityRole of the Human ElementGoal-based new ship construction

standardsMember State AssessmentBallast Water ManagementAir Pollution from ShipsRecycling of Ships

04/08/2023 Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Senior Lecturer, IMA, Bangladesh.

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Main committees of IMO:Maritime Safety CommitteeMarine Environmental Protection CommitteeLegal CommitteeTechnical Co-operation committeeFacilitation committee

04/08/2023 Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Senior Lecturer, IMA, Bangladesh.

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Functions of MSC AIDS TO NAVIGATION CONSTRUCTION & EQUIPMENT OF VESSEL SAFE MANNING COLLISION PREVENTION RULES DANGEROUS CARGO HANDLING MARITIME SAFETY POLICIES HYDROGRAPHIC INFORMATION LOG BOOK AND NAVIGATIONAL RECORDS CASUALTY INVESTIGATION, SALVAGE & RESCUE AND OTHER MATTERS CONCERNING MARITIME

SAFETY.

04/08/2023 Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Senior Lecturer, IMA, Bangladesh.

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FUNCTIONS OF MEPCco-ordinate and administer the activities of the

Organisation concerning the prevention and control of marine pollution particularly with respect to adoption and amendment of regulations or other provisions, as provided for in such conventions;

consider appropriate measures to facilitate the enforcement of the conventions;

acquire scientific, technical and any other practical information on the prevention and control of marine pollution from ships for dissemination to the States, in particular to developing countries and, where appropriate, make recommendations and develop guidelines;

04/08/2023 Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Senior Lecturer, IMA, Bangladesh.

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promote co-operation with other organisations concerned with the prevention and control of marine pollution;

consider and take action with respect to any matters that would contribute to the prevention and control of marine pollution from ships and on any environmental matters.

The MEPC meets at least once a year and elect its officers yearly and adopts its own Rules of Procedure.

04/08/2023 Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Senior Lecturer, IMA, Bangladesh.

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IMO protocol? An instrument that makes major

amendments to a convention. The Marpol Convention of 1973 was modified by a 1978 protocol (hence the name Marpol 73/78). The Solas and Loadline convention were both amended for the introduction of the harmonised system of survey and certification by means of a 1988 protocol which entered into force in 2000.

04/08/2023 Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Senior Lecturer, IMA, Bangladesh.

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IMO resolution:The final document resulting from the

agreement by the IMO assembly or a main IMO committee, e.g. the Maritime Safety Committee (MSC) or Marine Environmental Protection Committee (MEPC), of some matters such as an amendment or recommendation. Assembly resolutions have numbers prefixed by ‘A’ such as A.741(18) and are published in A4-size books. Resolutions of IMO committee have numbers such as MSC.104(73) and MEPC.88(44).

04/08/2023 Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Senior Lecturer, IMA, Bangladesh.

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What are IMO recommendations? Non-mandatory IMO instruments providing

more specific guidelines than conventions or protocols. They must be agreed at IMO by adoption of a resolution but are not subject to ratification. They provide guidance in framing national regulations and requirements. Some IMO recommendations are in the form of codes, guidelines or recommended practices on important matters not considered suitable for regulation by formal treaty instrument such as conventions or protocols.

04/08/2023 Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Senior Lecturer, IMA, Bangladesh.

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Any Question?

Thank You!