Immunological and clincial properties of isoprinosine are reviewed. Isoprinosine increasesin vitroT cell function macrophage activity. It induces the appearance of T cell markers and enhances the lymphocyte response to mitogens. This property appears to be due to the synthesis of a mitogenic helper factor by isoprinosine-treated lymphocytes probably interleukin 2.In vivo, it also increases antibody formation, T cell functions and macrophage activity. It restores T cell immunosuppression in post-radiotherapy cancer patients and the lymphocyte response to mitogens in cancer. It potentiates the antiviral and antitumor activity of interferon. It delays the early appearance of autoimmunity and the early tumor development of interferon treated NZB-NZW mice suggesting a potential benefit in autoimmune syndromes.Clinically, isoprinosine, in open studies, has been shown to be beneficial in various viral diseases like subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, cutaneous herpes and aphthous stomatitis, influenza challenge, cytomegalovirus hepatitis, Reiter Syndrome and possibly warts. Isoprinosine also shows promising results in rheumatoid arthritis where clinical improvement has been observed two to six weeks after the onset of treatment. Immune monitoring performed in patients receiving isoprinosine suggests a modification of the inducer-suppressor/cytotoxic phenotypes of blood lymphocytes.In summary, isoprinosine is a synthetic immunomodulatory agent with activities responding to the criteria of a biological response modifier. It is likely that its immunological properties explain partially or totally its clinical beneficial effects.

http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-1-4615-9358-4_25

Objectives. To determine an antiviral efficiency of isopronosine in HPV-associated diseases, and adverse effects of Isoprinosine depending on different patients age population.Subjects and methods. Comparative analysis of results of 5650 patients with HPV-associated gynecological diseases, collected by 352 physicians from 33 cities of Russian Federation by standardized scoring system of main clinical and laboratory parameters (patient complaints, lesions and PCR DNA HPV testing) before and after isoprinosine treatment in mono and combined with routine methods depending on different patients age population.Results. There was a spontaneous elimination of HPV particles in 22.6% cases after 6 months follow up period in non-treated women, while HPV negative results were obtained in 35.5% cases after routine treatments, in 54.8% cases after isoprinosine mono-treatment and in 84.2% - after Isoprinosine combined mode. There was significantly decreased degree of patient complains and remaining lesions after combined mode of isoprinosine than analogous parameters of both other treatment groups. Main adverse effects of isoprinosine were related with digestive system complains in young patients and skin (dryness and rash) in older women. The first time it was registered complains on a pain in joints in 2 patients above 46 years.Conclusion. Regression of HPV-associated diseases with significantly decreased degree of patients complains and remaining lesions, as well as elimination of viral particles were demonstrated after treatment with combined mode of isoprinosine in comparison with both routine treatments and Isoprinosine mono-treatment options. Antiviral effects of isoprinosine can be related with activation of lymphocytes subsets, are responsible for the host antiviral defense, and synergistic action of different treatment modalities of HPV.

http://www.aig-journal.ru/en/archive/article/11092