Immunity part iii other innate processes
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Transcript of Immunity part iii other innate processes
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Immunity: Part III
Innate Immunity: Further body defenses
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• Natural killer (NK) cells:
– Patrol the body and attack virus-infected body cells and cancer cells (IMMUNGOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE)
– Trigger apoptosis in the cells they attack
NK Cells video clip
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Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Antimicrobial Proteins
• Numerous proteins function in innate defense
– By attacking microbes directly or by impeding their reproduction
• Interferons
• Complement System
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-Small proteins produced in response to viruses or cancer cells.-Cytokines-Stimulate the actvities of macrophages and NK Cells-Interferon therapy
interferon clip
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Mosby items and derived items © 2008 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Complement proteins
Group of proteins normally present in blood in inactive state
Complement cascade• Important mechanism of action for antibodies• Causes cell lysis by permitting entry of water through a
defect created in the plasma membrane
Also perform other functions • attracting immune cells to a site of infection • activating immune cells• marking foreign cells for destruction• increasing permeability of blood vessels
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Mosby items and derived items © 2008 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Complement Cascade
complement cascade
complement system
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Signs:
• Redness
• Swelling
• Heat
• Pain
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Purposes of Inflammation
• To perform a temporary repair at the injury site and prevent access of additional pathogens
• To slow the spread of pathogens from the injury site
• To mobilize a wide range of defenses that can overcome the pathogens
• To aid in permanent tissue repair (REGENERATION)
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Mast cells & Basopils
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Notes Handout
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Events in Inflammation
Inflam resp video (short)
Inflam resp video (long)
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Mosby items and derived items © 2008 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Inflammatory Response
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Fever = the maintenance of a body temp >37.2ᵒC (99ᵒF)
Hypothalamus
Pyrogens – endogenous vs. exogenous
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Fever
Pros• Increases rate of metabolism• Cells move faster
(phagocytes)• Enzymatic reactions
proceed more quickly (lysozymes)
Cons• High fever can damage
physiological systems– Nausea– Disorientation– Hallucinations– Convulsions– Brain damage (@42ᵒC)
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