Immigration-Part 2 Early 1900s- 60% of major cities were immigrants.
-
Upload
brittany-harmon -
Category
Documents
-
view
217 -
download
0
Transcript of Immigration-Part 2 Early 1900s- 60% of major cities were immigrants.
Immigration-Part 2
Early 1900s- 60% of major cities were immigrants
1892- reception center opened for immigrants on ___ ____ in NYC
Angel Island in San Fransisco
Physical exam upon arrival
Check for tuberculosis, trachoma
Some were quarantined (def)
After handing over documents, they headed off to find relatives
Criminals hung around ports
Some settled in NYC
Others moved to Buffalo, Cleveland, Detroit, Milwaukee and Chicago.
people often settled in neighborhoods with other immigrants from same nation (Chinatown in NY or San Fran; Little Italy in Cleveland; Irish sections of Chicago or Boston)
Maintain language, food, customs, other culture
Chinatown, NYC- 1909
Columbus Park, NYC (Chinatown)
Next day
Challenges of Cities
Transportation improvements led to development of suburbs (residential areas surrounding larger cities)
Cable cars, followed by elevated trains and then subways
Philadelphia
1853- Elisha Otis invented _______-
Otis
1895
Urban living conditions
Tenements- low cost apartment buildings housing urban poor
Extremely crowded conditions
Little fire protectionChicago Fire of 1871- 18,000 buildings, 250 dead, $200 million damages (=$2 billion today!)
Chicago Fire (started in a shed? By a cow?)
Diseases such as cholera, tb, diphtheria, typhoid fever rampant
Spread rapidly in close quarters
Jacob Riis- How the Other Half Lives-book exposing horrors of tenement life
Leads to first laws restricting tenement life
(next day!)
Political Problems in Cities
Increased pressure on city officials
Fire Protection
Transportation
Sewage
Electric and Water service
Political Machine
Unofficial organization designed to keep a particular party in power
“Political Boss”
Favors for votes:
Jobs, money, contracts
Helped poor-in turn they supported them
Then stole from the taxpayers!
Graft- use of one’s job to gain profit
Padded bills, false receipts, bill for work not done
William “Boss” Tweed
Tammany Hall- political club that ran NYC
Get candidates in, then steal!
The corruption was breathtaking in its breadth and boldness. A carpenter was paid $360,751 (roughly $4.9 million today) for one month's labor in a building with very little woodwork. A furniture contractor received $179,729 ($2.5 million) for three tables and 40 chairs. And the plasterer, A tammy functionary, Andrew J. Garvey, got $133,187 ($1.82 million) for two days' work; his business acumen earned him the sobriquet "The Prince of Plasterers." Tweed personally profited from a financial interest in a Massachusetts quarry that provided the courthouse's marble. When a committee investigated why it took so long to build the courthouse, it spent $7,718 ($105,000) to print its report. The printing company was owned by Tweed.
Boss Tweed
Tammany Hall
Thomas Nast Cartoon