IMCF Baseline –PreliminaryResults · 14/02/2013 3 3. Results –Ownership of agricultural land...

14/02/2013

1

IMCF Baseline – Preliminary Results

Preah Vihear and Otdar Meanchey

10.09. – 07.10.2012Anika Reinbott (PhD Student), Judith Kuchenbecker (PhD Student)

Dr. Irmgard Jordan, Prof. Dr. Michael Krawinkel

1. Background - IMCF

“Improving the dietary intakes and nutritional status of

infants and young children through improved food

security and complementary feeding counselling”

IMCF Baseline Results - Anika Reinbott - 12.02.2013

• Poor nutritional status in early infancy:

morbidity, delayed motor and mental development,

mortality

• Lack of knowledge on age-appropriate infant and

young child feeding practices using locally available

foods

2

1.Background - IMCF baseline objectives

• To determine the nutritional status of mothers and

children under two years of age with a focus on child

growth, particularly stunting, and micronutrient status

especially iron and vitamin A status.

• To collect data on the knowledge of mothers/caregivers

on child health care and feeding practices.

• To understand living conditions, socioeconomic

indicators and dietary diversity of households.

IMCF Baseline Results - Anika Reinbott - 12.02.2013 3

2. Methods

• Cross-sectional nutrition baseline survey in

2 districts in Preah Vihear

4 districts in Otdar Meanchey

• Study population: mothers/primary caregivers and

children < 2 years

• Random selection of villages on commune level

proportional-to-population-size

• Random selection of participants on village level


14/02/2013

2

2. Methods – Study site: Preah Vihear

IMCF Baseline Results - Anika Reinbott -

12.02.20135

2. Methods – Study site: Otdar Meanchey


2. Methods - Indicators

• Interview with standardized questionnaire

Socio-economic status,

Sanitation, Hygiene, access to health facilities,

Breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices,

Dietary Diversity Score (Household and individual level),

Child health,

Household Hunger Scale

• Anthropometric measurements (parents and child)

• Motor milestones (child)

• Haemoglobin levels (mother and child)

• Blood plasma for iron and vitamin A status (child)


3. Results- participants

Households Children

N 1028 1028

Details of N 992 mothers

36 caregivers

572 male

456 female

Age – Mean 27 years 11.6 months

Age – Minimum 17 years 5 days

Age - Maximum 48 years 731 days/23months

Mean No. of members per household 5.16

Main income source Sale of agricult. products (71.6%)

Ever attended school 67%

Able to read 54%


14/02/2013

3

3. Results – Ownership of agricultural land and homegarden (N =1028)


7%

29%

71%

93%

no agricultural land no homegarden homegarden

9

3. Results – homegarden usage (N= 713)


30.6% 63%

6%

no homegarden growing vegetables

not growing vegetables

10

3. Results – cooking place, access to health facilities, sanitation facilities


Indicator in %

Cooking place

(N= 1032)

in the house 78.8

in a seperate building 11.4

outdoors 9.8

Nearest health facility

(N= 1025)

< 1 hour 87.3

1 to 3 hours 12.4

3 hours to half a day 0.3

Sanitation facilities

(N= 1028)

improved 18.7

unimproved 81.3

Source of drinking water

(N= 1028)

protected 86.6

unprotected 13.4

11

cooking places


14/02/2013

4


↑ water stored covered

with a lid

← protected water source

13

3. Results- Household Wealth

• Wealth index was calculated using PCA

• Inclusion criteria for variables:frequency distribution >5% and <95%

• Variables included:• number of people per room used for sleeping

• material of the floor

• sanitation facility

• drinking water source

• size of land owned

• ownership of certain possessions


12.02.201314

3. Results- Household Dietary Diversity (N = 1028)


0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Household Dietary Diversity Score

15

3. Results – episodes of illness: fever, diarrhoea, ARI among children

under 2 (N= 1028)


65.20%

37.20%

46.20%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

fever in past 2 weeks diarrhoea in past 2 weeks ARI in past 2 weeks

16

14/02/2013

5

3. Results- Prevalence of diarrhoea and mothers‘/caregivers‘ knowledge


12.02.2013

Respondent‘s knowledge of diarrhoea causes and prevention in %

Knew at least one causes of diarrhoea 66.4

Causes named:

- Contaminated food, water, hands

Knew at least one way to prevent diarrhoea 70.0

Ways of prevention named:

- boiling/filtering water for drinking

- Covering food and water supplies

- Washing hands

17

3. Results- exclusive breastfeeding under 6 months of age (N = 224)


12.02.2013

93.50%89.50%

69.80%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

0 to 1 months 2 to 3 months 4 to 5 months

18

3. Results- breastfeeding (WHO indicators)


Indicator in % n N

Breastfeeding (< 6 months)

Exclusive

Predominant

Poor

83.0

2.2

14.7

186

5

33

224

Early initiation of breastfeeding

(0 – 23 months)

82.4 847 1028

Still being breastfed

(0 – 23 months)

84.8 872 1028

Continued breastfeeding at 1 year

(12 - 15 months)

93.0 173 186

Bottle feeding (< 6 months) 10.2 23 225

19

3. Results – infant and young child feeding indicators (WHO)


Indicator In % n N

Minimum Dietary Diversity (6-23 months) 43.9 352 801

Minimum Meal Frequency (6-23 months) 69.9 540 773

Minimum Acceptable Diet (6-23 months) 28.3 226 798

Infants who receive solid, semi-solid and

soft foods (6-8 months)

93.9 153 163

20

14/02/2013

6

3. Results – Child Dietary Diversity Score - 6 to 23 months of age (N = 799)


0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Child Dietary Diversity Score

1. Grains, cereals, tubers (97%)

2. Flesh foods (meat and fish)

(75%)

3. Other fruits/vegetables (50%)

4. Vitamin A rich fruits/

vegetables (45%)

21

3. Results – Nutritional Status of children 0 to 23 months

Z-Score < -3SD < -2SD N

Height-for-age (stunting) 3.6 21.4 1026

Weight-for-height (wasting) 1.1 8.5 1028

Weight-for-age (underweight) 2.8 19.8 1028


3. Results- Stunting (-2SD) prevalences per age group (N = 1026)


0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

40%

0 to 1

month

2 to 3

months

4 to 5

months

6 to 8

months

9 to 11

months

12 to 17

months

18 to 23

months

23

3. Results on stunting compared with CDHS 2010- Prevalence of stunting among children 0 to 23 months


0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

40%

45%

50%

< 6 months 6 - 8 months 9 to 11

months

12 to 17

months

18 to 23

months

IMCF 2012 CDHS 2010

24

14/02/2013

7

3. Results- Deworming and Vitamin A supplementation


Percentage of children under 2 who received

� vitamin A: 76.9 (N = 1016)

� deworming: 34.4 (N = 1012)

25

3. Results- Anaemia among children and non-pregnant mothers


39%

0%

30%

31%

61%

no anemia

severe anemia (Hb < 7g/dl)

moderate anemia (Hb 7-9.9 g/dl)mild anemia (Hb 10.0-10.9 g/dl)

children 3 to 23 months (N = 929)

71%

2%

27%29%

no anemia

moderate anemia (Hb 7-9.9 g/dl)mild anemia (Hb 10.0-11.9 g/dl)

non-pregnant mothers (N = 976)

26

4. Outlook


Baseline

(cross-sectional)

• Training of Trainers• Cooking

demonstrations• Nutrition education

in Farmer Field Schools

• etc

Nutrition Education

Intervention

on IYCF

2012 2013 2014

Impact Survey

(cross-sectional)

Qualitative Survey

Justus-Liebig University – Research; FAO MALIS – Implementation of activities

27

5. Registration and funding

German Clinical Trial Register (DRKS)

https://drks-neu.uniklinik-freiburg.de/drks_web/setLocale_EN.do

The research was conducted within the IMCF Project of FAO:

http://www.fao.org/ag/humannutrition/nutritioneducation/70106/en/

which is funded by


14/02/2013

8

IMCF Project Team

Malawi Cambodia

Food security Project FAO/FICA MALIS

Research Institutions Bunda College of

Agriculture

Dr B Mtimuni

Dr C Masangano

Mahidol University &

NNP

Dr O Kevanna

Dr P Winichagoon

Dr G Charoonruk

PhD students Ms J Kuchenbecker

Ms G Chiutsi Phiri

Ms Anika Reinbott

Mr M Khun

FAO Headquarters

Rome, Italy

Ms E Muehlhoff, Dr G Kennedy and Ms T Jeremias

JLU Giessen, Germany Prof. MB Krawinkel, MD, Dr I Jordan, Dr J Herrmann

IMCF Baseline Results - Anika Reinbott - 12.02.2013 29 IMCF Baseline Results - Anika Reinbott - 12.02.2013

Thank you for your attention.

30

IMCF Baseline –PreliminaryResults · 14/02/2013 3 3. Results –Ownership of agricultural land...

Documents

Transcript of IMCF Baseline –PreliminaryResults · 14/02/2013 3 3. Results –Ownership of agricultural land...