Anatomy of cervical fascia Cervical fascia 1) Superficial cervical fascia 2) Deep cervical fascia.
Imaging Fascia
description
Transcript of Imaging Fascia
Imaging FasciaRenee Stenbjorn, MPA, LMT
My goal:
Utilize images to inform the student of the complex structural system of fascia.
Your goal?
Historical Definition
Fascia: general description, a band of tissue.
General meaning: undifferentiated tissue surrounding a more specialized tissue.
LANGEVIN, MD, H., HUIJING, PHD, P.. Communicating About Fascia: History, Pitfalls, and Recommendations.International Journal of Therapeutic Massage & Bodywork: Research, Education, & Practice, North America, 2, oct. 2009. Available at: <http://www.ijtmb.org/index.php/ijtmb/article/view/63>. Date accessed: 14 Jan. 2013.
Current understanding
Forms of connective tissue:
Loose & Dense
Superficial & Deep
Multiple- & Single-layered
LANGEVIN, MD, H., HUIJING, PHD, P.. Communicating About Fascia: History, Pitfalls, and Recommendations.International Journal of Therapeutic Massage & Bodywork: Research, Education, & Practice, North America, 2, oct. 2009. Available at: <http://www.ijtmb.org/index.php/ijtmb/article/view/63>. Date accessed: 14 Jan. 2013.
Gross Anatomy
Photography of anatomical structures:
What is it?
What do we learn?
"Old-School" Histology
Gradations of pink, some purples, blues:
Procedures: Create a specimen
Mount on slides
Put drops of solutions on slide for specific period of time.
Rinse & mount.
Put in a slide box.
Blood smear, Biology 101
"Old-School" HistologyPut in a slide box.
What do we learn from histology?
Highlights & differentiates:
Cells, fibers & tissues
Gives insight into cellular structures.
Histology of Connective Tissue types: Dense Irregular
Abundant Collagen fibers, few cells.What type of tissues?
Histology of Connective Tissue types: Dense Regular
Abundant Collagen fibers, arranged in same direction, f few cells.What type of tissues?
Histology of Connective Tissue types: Areolar
Sparsely arranged fibers, not ordered in a predominant direction. Oftern refferd to as "Loose" but Dr. Langevin suggests this label is too mechanical in description
Connective Tissue types: Bone
Connective Tissue types: Blood
Specialized Fascial Structures:
Superficial Fascia: aka: hypoderm, hypodermis, stratum subcutaneous, etc.
Continuous with the dermis, directly underneath the skin
Specialized Fascial Structures:
Deep Fascia
Specialized Fascial Structures:
Muscular Fascial layers:
Endo
Peri
Epi
Specialized Fascial Structures:
Intermuscular Septa
Specialized Fascial Structures:
Neurovascular Tract
Specialized Fascial Structures:
Periosteum
How did histology help us differentiate:
Regular vs. Irregular Fiber Arrangements
Layers of fascia
Structural differences
Really old school...what Golgi saw
VERY toxic...
Imaging Cells & Fibers
Immunohistochemistry: We can localize molecular structures rather than just cellular structures.
Can measure DNA & RNA activity
What is different?
Process of IHC
Fluorescent labeling
Co-localization of molecules
A Study of Collagen in the Nervous System
What is a collagen?
How do we know where the collagen is...?
Dissecting a human brain...
Dr. Liechnetz, MCV
Compared to a mouse brain...
Understanding Blots
What do those dark spots mean?
Putting the theory to the test
Can we find Collagen XVIII (18) in the brain?
Using immunohistochemistry to locate structures.
Example: Cerebellum staining
Collagen 18 found in Purkinje cells in the cerebellum!
Let's take a look: layers of fascia
How images help us understand layers of tissue
Confocal imaging
A method of converting IHC images into 3-D images that further our understanding of tissues.
3-D images
Z Stack
What have we learned from these images?
The Neuromuscular Junction
Understanding the relationship between nerve & muscle
The Extracellular Matrix
What's in it?
Why do we care?
Key to hydration.
Fascial Innervation
Sensory Mechanism
Tensigrity architecture allows cells to sense mechanical changes.
These changes result in control of cell function & tissue development
Donald Ingber
Connective tissue: a body-wide signaling network?
Looking even deeper with Electron Microscopy
Seeing the textures
Understanding the structures
The myofascia...
Imaging with Ultrasound
From treatment to imaging: Principles in imaging with US.
What can we see with US: what do these images tell us?
Ultrasound for differentiating layers
Imaging trigger points!!
Video Imaging
It's a living tissue.
What does all of this tell us about treatment??