ILOILOSocial Justice and Social Justice and Tripartism:Tripartism:

Programme for Workers’ Activities (ACTRAV)

International Training Center of ILO

Objectives of this SessionObjectives of this Session

We willWe will try to understand:try to understand:

1.1. Fundamental Goal and Principle of ILOFundamental Goal and Principle of ILO

2.2. Structure (Major Components) of ILOStructure (Major Components) of ILO

3.3. Major Functions of ILOMajor Functions of ILO

4.4. Roles of ACTRAV (Bureau for Workers’ Roles of ACTRAV (Bureau for Workers’ Activities)Activities)

1.1. Fundamental Goal and Fundamental Goal and Principle of ILOPrinciple of ILO

Fundamental Goal of ILOFundamental Goal of ILO

Standard Setting

Technical Co-operation

Better Working ConditionsBetter Working Conditions

Meetings - Information - Research - Expertise

SOCIAL JUSTICESOCIAL JUSTICESOCIAL JUSTICESOCIAL JUSTICE

TripartiteTripartiteSystemSystem

TripartiteTripartiteSystemSystem

PREAMBLEPREAMBLE

“Universal and lasting peace can be established only if it is based upon social justice”

Tripartism: Tripartism: Fundamental Fundamental PrinciplePrinciple

““TripartismTripartism”” is : is :– The active interactions among the The active interactions among the

government, workers and employers government, workers and employers as representative, equal and as representative, equal and independent social partners.independent social partners.

To seek mutually agreeable solutions for issues of common concerns.

To seek mutually agreeable solutions for issues of common concerns.

ILOILOILOILOEmployers Workers

Governments

TripartismTripartism in Shape in Shape

Tripartism: How it works?Tripartism: How it works?

Active Interaction in order to seek joint solutions

Active Interaction in order to seek joint solutions

Partners must be willing to reach,

and respect, agreements

Partners must be willing to reach,

and respect, agreements

Partners must be committed,

competent and active

Partners must be committed,

competent and active

Tripartism: StrengthTripartism: Strength of ILOof ILO

The The ““Tripartite SystemTripartite System”” enables: enables:

– the representatives of workers and the representatives of workers and employers to participate on an equal footing employers to participate on an equal footing with those of governments in all discussions with those of governments in all discussions and the process of decision-makings.and the process of decision-makings.

ILO is the only UN agency which has the “tripartite system” imbedded in its root.

ILO is the only UN agency which has the “tripartite system” imbedded in its root.

2.2. Structure of ILOStructure of ILO

Major Components of ILO Major Components of ILO StructureStructure

International Labour ConferenceInternational Labour Conference

Governing BodyGoverning Body

International Labour OfficeInternational Labour Office

International Labour Conference International Labour Conference (1)(1)

Main Tasks:Main Tasks:1.1. Discuss (in Committee) and adopt (in Plenary) international Discuss (in Committee) and adopt (in Plenary) international

labour standards, and supervise their applicationlabour standards, and supervise their application;2. Elect Governing Body3. Admit a new Member;4. Pass resolutions which provide guidelines for the ILO's general

policy and future activities.5. Adopt every two years the ILO's biennial work programme and

budget

- Meet every yearevery year in Geneva in JuneJune;- Each member State is represented bytwo G delegates, one E delegate & one W delegate, plus advisers.

International Labour Conference International Labour Conference (2)(2)

Conference CommitteesConference Committees1. Selection Committee (28G, 14E, 14W)1. Selection Committee (28G, 14E, 14W)2. Credentials Committee (G, E, W)2. Credentials Committee (G, E, W)3. Conference Drafting Committee3. Conference Drafting Committee4. Committee on the Application of Conventions 4. Committee on the Application of Conventions and Recommendationsand Recommendations5. Finance Committee of Government 5. Finance Committee of Government RepresentativesRepresentatives6. Other committees6. Other committees

- such as a committee to discuss a new standard- such as a committee to discuss a new standard

Governing Body of ILO (1)Governing Body of ILO (1)

The executive body of the ILOThe executive body of the ILO• Meets three times a year (in March, June and November);Meets three times a year (in March, June and November);• Takes decisions on ILO policy;Takes decisions on ILO policy;• Decides the agenda of the Conference; andDecides the agenda of the Conference; and• Elects the Director-General.Elects the Director-General.

CompositionComposition• 56 titular (28 G, 14 E and 14 W) and 66 deputy (28 G, 19 E and 19 W);56 titular (28 G, 14 E and 14 W) and 66 deputy (28 G, 19 E and 19 W);• Ten of the titular government seats are permanently held by Ten of the titular government seats are permanently held by States of States of

chief industrial importancechief industrial importance (Brazil, China, France, Germany, India, (Brazil, China, France, Germany, India, Italy, Japan, the Russian Federation, the United Kingdom and the Italy, Japan, the Russian Federation, the United Kingdom and the United States); andUnited States); and

• The Employer and Worker members are elected in their individual The Employer and Worker members are elected in their individual capacity; andcapacity; and

• GB Election is held every three years (2005 is the election year!) GB Election is held every three years (2005 is the election year!)

Governing Body of ILO (2)Governing Body of ILO (2)

The Governing Body has the following committees:The Governing Body has the following committees: Committee on Freedom of Association (CFA) Programme, Financial and Administrative Committee (PFA) Committee on Legal Issues and International Labour Standards

(LILS) Working Party on Policy regarding the Revision of Standards (WP/PRS) Subcommittee on Multinational Enterprises (MNE)

Committee on Employment and Social Policy (ESP) Committee on Sectoral and Technical Meetings and Related Issues

(STM) Committee on Technical Cooperation (TC) Working Party on the Social Dimension of Globalization

(WP/SDG)

The Governing Body has the following committees:The Governing Body has the following committees: Committee on Freedom of Association (CFA) Programme, Financial and Administrative Committee (PFA) Committee on Legal Issues and International Labour Standards

(LILS) Working Party on Policy regarding the Revision of Standards (WP/PRS) Subcommittee on Multinational Enterprises (MNE)

Committee on Employment and Social Policy (ESP) Committee on Sectoral and Technical Meetings and Related Issues

(STM) Committee on Technical Cooperation (TC) Working Party on the Social Dimension of Globalization

(WP/SDG)

International Labour Office (1)International Labour Office (1)

•The permanent secretariat of the ILO, located in Geneva.

•Focal point for the overall activities that it prepares under the scrutiny of the Governing Body and under the leadership of a Director-General

•The permanent secretariat of the ILO, located in Geneva.

•Focal point for the overall activities that it prepares under the scrutiny of the Governing Body and under the leadership of a Director-General

Some 1,900 officials of over 110 nationalities at the Some 1,900 officials of over 110 nationalities at the headquarters and in 40 field offices around the world.headquarters and in 40 field offices around the world.

Some 600 experts undertaking missions in all regions Some 600 experts undertaking missions in all regions of the world under the programme of technical of the world under the programme of technical cooperation.cooperation.

A research and documentation centre and a printing A research and documentation centre and a printing househouse

International Labour Office (2)International Labour Office (2)

The Regional Office (RO)The Regional Office (RO)

Sub-Regional Office (SRO)Sub-Regional Office (SRO)

The Area Office (AO)The Area Office (AO)

International Training Center of ILOInternational Training Center of ILO

3.3. Major Functions of ILOMajor Functions of ILO

Standard SettingStandard Setting

International Labour Standards (ILS)Conventions Recommendations

Application at national level(through legislation and practice)

Adoption by the Conference

ILS : ClassificationILS : Classification

Basic human rightsBasic human rights

EmploymentEmployment

Conditions of workConditions of work

Social securitySocial security

Social policySocial policy

Labor administrationLabor administration

WomenWomen

Industrial relationsIndustrial relations

Children and young personsChildren and young persons

Protection of special groupsProtection of special groups

Freedom of Association

ILS : Core Labour StandardsILS : Core Labour Standards

Standards concerning fundamental human/social rightsStandards concerning fundamental human/social rights

Freedom of Association,

1948

Right to Collective

Bargaining, 1949

C. 87 C. 98

Freedom from Forced Labour

Forced Labour, 1930

Abolition of Forced Labour,

1957

C. 29 C. 105

Minimum Age for Employment

Minimum Age, 1973

Elimination of Worst Forms of Child Labour,

1999

C. 138 C. 182

Freedom from Discrimination

Equal Remuneration,

1951

Discrimination (Employment and Occupation), 1958

C. 100 C. 111

Technical Cooperation (1)Technical Cooperation (1)

Purpose:Purpose: To achieve social justice through active To achieve social justice through active

implementation of the Decent Work agenda at implementation of the Decent Work agenda at a national level;a national level;

To assist ILO constituents to make the Decent To assist ILO constituents to make the Decent Work concept a reality for all men and women;Work concept a reality for all men and women;

To achieve universal ratification and To achieve universal ratification and implementation of international labour implementation of international labour standardsstandards

Dispatch specialists to Member States to advise Dispatch specialists to Member States to advise on technical matters, e.g. labour policy, on technical matters, e.g. labour policy, legislation, and design & implementation of legislation, and design & implementation of development programmes.development programmes.

Technical Cooperation (2)Technical Cooperation (2)

An average of some An average of some US$130 millionUS$130 million was spent annually on was spent annually on technical cooperation projects;technical cooperation projects;

Close cooperation among recipient countries, donors, and Close cooperation among recipient countries, donors, and the ILO for implementation; andthe ILO for implementation; and

In the fields of:In the fields of:• • vocational training and vocational rehabilitation;vocational training and vocational rehabilitation;• • employment policy;employment policy;• • labour administration;labour administration;• • labour law and industrial relations;labour law and industrial relations;• • working conditions;working conditions;• • management development;management development;• • cooperatives;cooperatives;• • social security;social security;• • labour statistics and occupational safety and health.labour statistics and occupational safety and health.

4. Roles of ACTRAV4. Roles of ACTRAV

Tripartism: Summary Tripartism: Summary

Employers Workers

Governments

ILOILOILOILOActive PartnershipActive Partnership

ACTEMP ACTRAV

Achievement of “Social Justice” through establishment and maintenance of “Active Partnership” among the

Governments, Workers’ and Employers’ Organizations.

For the spirits and purposes of the Tripartism, For the spirits and purposes of the Tripartism, trade unions must be “trade unions must be “representative, representative, competent and responsible”, which give real competent and responsible”, which give real effect to the system and methodology.effect to the system and methodology.

Tripartism: Role of ACTRAVTripartism: Role of ACTRAV

ACTRAV supports the establishment and strengthening of “free, independent, democratic and representative trade unions” in all countries in the world.

ACTRAV supports the establishment and strengthening of “free, independent, democratic and representative trade unions” in all countries in the world.

Supports trade unions to be formed and to Supports trade unions to be formed and to develop as truly representative social develop as truly representative social partners;partners;

Disseminate policies and programmes of the Disseminate policies and programmes of the ILO and its technical units to trade unions;ILO and its technical units to trade unions;

Reflect interests of trade unions in Reflect interests of trade unions in programmes and actions of the ILO;programmes and actions of the ILO;

Support workers’ representatives in ILO’s Support workers’ representatives in ILO’s decision making bodies; anddecision making bodies; and

Educate and train trade union leaders/ Educate and train trade union leaders/ activists/staff.activists/staff.

What does ACTRAV do?What does ACTRAV do?

Tripartism: Tripartism: StructureStructure of of ACTRAVACTRAV

Bureau for Workers’ Bureau for Workers’ ActivitiesActivities

(ILO/ACTRAV-Geneva)(ILO/ACTRAV-Geneva)

Desk for Anglophone Africa: Desk for Anglophone Africa: Ditiro SaleshandoDitiro Saleshando

ILO/ACTRAV-TurinILO/ACTRAV-Turin((International Training International Training

Center of the ILO)Center of the ILO)

Africa: Ben Insa DiaAfrica: Ben Insa Dia

Field SpecialistsField Specialists(RO, SRO and AO)(RO, SRO and AO)

Region: MwamadzingoRegion: MwamadzingoHarare: F. ParryHarare: F. ParryAddis Ababa: J. FallahAddis Ababa: J. Fallah

•Overall policy/strategy making•Liaison with other unit•Support for Workers’ Group•Reflection of workers’ interests

•Implementation of training policies and programmes

•Direct contact with unions•Implementation of ACTRAV policies and strategies in each country•Dissemination of information

ACTRAV-Team For Asia/PacificACTRAV-Team For Asia/Pacific ILO HQ / ACTRAVILO HQ / ACTRAV

= Ditiro Saleshando= Ditiro Saleshando –– Desk for Anglophone AfricaDesk for Anglophone Africa

ILO Sub-Regional Office in HarareILO Sub-Regional Office in Harare= M. Mwamadzingo – Regional Specialist for Workers = M. Mwamadzingo – Regional Specialist for Workers

EducationEducation

ILO Sub-Regional Office in HarareILO Sub-Regional Office in Harare= F. Parry – Senior Specialist for Workers’ Activities= F. Parry – Senior Specialist for Workers’ Activities

(Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, South (Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland, Zambia and Zimbabwe)Africa, Swaziland, Zambia and Zimbabwe)

ILO Sub-Regional Office in Addis AbabaILO Sub-Regional Office in Addis Ababa= J. Fallah – Senior Specialist for Workers’ Activities= J. Fallah – Senior Specialist for Workers’ Activities

(Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Kenya, Liberia, Mauritius, (Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Kenya, Liberia, Mauritius, Nigeria, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Uganda and Nigeria, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Uganda and Tanzania) Tanzania)

ITC-ILO (Turin Center)ITC-ILO (Turin Center)= Ben Insa Dia – Programme Officer for Africa= Ben Insa Dia – Programme Officer for Africa

ACTRAV-Turin TeamACTRAV-Turin Team

Enrico Cairola - Programme ManagerEnrico Cairola - Programme Manager Marc Belanger - IT SpecialistMarc Belanger - IT Specialist Ben I. Dia - Africa and Arab StatesBen I. Dia - Africa and Arab States CCarmen armen Benitez - AmericaBenitez - Americass & Gender & Gender HiroHiro Ishibashi - Asia and the Pacific Ishibashi - Asia and the Pacific Freek Thomasson – EuropeFreek Thomasson – Europe

5. Issues for Discussion5. Issues for Discussion

Low and declining union densityLow and declining union density→ → Question of RepresentativenessQuestion of Representativeness

– ““Organized full-time male workers” ModelOrganized full-time male workers” Model– ““Most competent workers’ organizations” Most competent workers’ organizations”

provisionprovision

Widening North-South gapWidening North-South gap→ → Question of UniversalityQuestion of Universality

– Lack of representations of developing countries Lack of representations of developing countries in many of ILO structures and activities in many of ILO structures and activities

– Euro-centrismEuro-centrism

Current Current Issues Concerning ILOIssues Concerning ILO

Summary of this SessionSummary of this Session

1.1. Fundamental Goal and Principle of ILOFundamental Goal and Principle of ILO“Achievement of Social Justice through Tripartism”

2.2. Structure of ILOStructure of ILO• International Labour Conference, Governing Body and International

Labour Office

3.3. Major Functions of ILOMajor Functions of ILO• Standard Setting and Technical Cooperation.

4.4. Roles of ACTRAVRoles of ACTRAV• Empowerment of workers’ organizations

Thank you for your attention!Thank you for your attention!

Programme for Workers’ Activities (ACTRAV)ITC-ILO