ILLOCUTIONARY ACTS PERFORMED BY THE MAIN CHARACTER …

e-ISSN 2549-7715 | Volume 4 | Nomor 3 | Juli 2020 | Hal: 476-491

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ILLOCUTIONARYACTSPERFORMEDBYTHEMAINCHARACTERINTHEMATRIXMOVIE

OlletaVichiNainggolan,M.BahriArifin,NitaMayaValiantien

EnglishLiteratureDepartment,FacultyofCulturalSciencesMulawarmanUniversity

Pos-el:[email protected]

ABSTRACTTheaimsofthisresearchweretofindouttheillocutionaryactsperformedbythemain character in The Matrixmovie and to identify the context underlying theillocutionary acts in themain character’s utterances. This research used Searle’sclassification of illocutionary acts and Hasan and Halliday’s theory of context.There were 3 steps that applied on this research. The first was to select theutterancesspokenbyNeoasthemaincharacterinTheMatrixmoviewhichcontainillocutionary acts and categorized them; then identified the context. The secondstepwastopresentthefindingsbyusingdescriptivemethod.Thelaststepwastodraw the conclusion. There were four types of illocutionary acts found in theutterances spoken by Neo. The data were classified into representatives (24),directives (82), commissives (2), and expressives (5). However, the declarativestypes of illocutionary acts were not found in the main character’s utterancesbecauseNeohadnopowerorauthoritytochangetherealitywithhiswordsinTheMatrix movie. From the findings, directives were the dominant type ofillocutionary acts in the main character’s utterances because he repeatedlyexpressed his utterances in direct way by questioning, ordering, begging andasking.Thecontextoftheutterancesisdescribedbyidentifyingthefield,tenorandmodeofeachutterancespokenbythemaincharacterinthemovie.Keywords:SpeechAct,IllocutionaryActs,Utterance,Context

ABSTRAKTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mencari jenis-jenis tindak ilokus yangdigunakan oleh tokoh utama dalam film The Matrix dan untuk mengidentifikasikonteks pada ujaran tokoh utama yangmengandung tindak ilokusi. Penelitian inimenggunakanklasifikasitindakilokusiolehSearledanteorikonteksdariHasandanHalliday.Adatigalangkahyangditerapkandalampenelitianini.Langkahpertamaadalahmemilihujaran-ujaranNeosebagaitokohutamadalamfilmTheMatrixdanmengelompokkan ujaran tersebut dan kemudian mengidentifikasi konteks ujarantersebut. Langkah kedua adalah menampilkan hasil penelitian denganmenggunakanmetodedeskripsi.Langkahterakhiradalahmembuatkesimpulan.Ada



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empatjenistindakilokusiyangditemukanpadaujaran-ujaranNeo.Hasilpenelitiandiklasifikasikanmenjadi representatives (24), directives (82), commissives (2), danexpressives(5).Sebaliknya,tindakilokusideclarativestidakditemukandalamujarantokoh utama karena Neo tidak memiliki kemampuan atau wewenang untukmengubah realitas dengan ujarannya dalam filmTheMatrix. Dari hasil penelitianjenistindakilokusidirectivesadalahjenistindakilokusiyangdominankarenatokohutamaberulang-kalimenyampaikanujaran langsungsepertipertanyaan,perintah,permohonan dan permintaan. Konteks dari ujaran-ujaran dijelaskan denganmengidentifikasi field, tenor dan mode dari setiap ujaran tokoh utama yangmengandungtindakilokusidalamfilm.KataKunci:TindakTutur,TindakIlokusi,Ujaran,KonteksA. INTRODUCTION

Language as the key in communication plays an important role inpeople’slifetointeractwitheachother.Asthetooltocommunicate,languageisusedtoshareidea,thoughtandemotionformanydifferentpurposes.Whenpeoplecommunicate, theyproducedtheutterancesinparticularcontext.Theproducedutterancesperformedactionssuchasasking,apologizing,declaring,informing,questioningandetc.Thoseactionsarerecognizedasspeechact.

The terminology of speech act is suggested as a strategic way ofaccomplishinggoalsthroughspeaking(Bonvillain,2003).Austin(1962)statesthatspeechactishowpeopleachievewhattheywantbyusingtheirspeakingability;dothingswithwordsthings.AccordingtoSearle(1975)therearethreeacts inspeechact.Thosethreeactsare locutionaryact, illocutionaryact,andperlocutionary act.This study focused on the illocutionary acts, according toSearle(1979)thereare5typesofillocutionaryactswhicharerepresentatives,directives, commissives, expressives, and declaratives. The utterance spokenby a speaker that contains an intended meaning to the hearer is called asillocutionaryacts.Learningillocutionaryactscanhelppeopletounderstandortounveiltheutterancewhichcontainsanintendedmeaninginit.

The Matrix movie and its script are the sources of the data of thisresearch. The Matrix is a science fiction movie released in 1999. TheresearcherschoseTheMatrixbecauseofsomereasons.First,theresearchersarefascinatedofhowthewritersofthismoviecameupwiththeideatocreatetwodifferentworlds.Second,themovieisphenomenalandwinsmanyawards.TheMatrix combinesaunique science fiction ideawithanappealingactionsmove. Third, the researchers are interested with the meticulous maincharacter that made the researchers curious whether the main characterperformed all the types of illocutionary acts or not and which types ofillocutionaryactsaremostly found in themaincharacter’sutterances.Basedonthedescriptionabove,theresearchersarefocusedonfindingtheutterancesof themain character that contain illocutionaryact inTheMatrixmovieandtheresearchersidentifiedthecontextthatunderliestheutterancesaswell.



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Theoretically,thisstudyisexpectedtogivecontributiontolinguisticfieldespeciallyinspeechact.Thisstudycouldenhancetheknowledgeofpotentialreaders so the readerswill realize that learning speech acts or illocutionaryactsspecificallyisimportant.Forthepotentialreadersandotherresearchers,the findings of this study could be used as a reference and information forfurtherresearchrelatedwithspeechact.

Practically, the researchers hope this study will be useful for thepotentialreaders,especiallytotheEnglishliteraturestudentsofMulawarmanUniversityasanexampleofhowtoapplytheillocutionaryactsinlifeandhowwe should act or respond in a conversation orwhen someone’s talk as thisstudy showed the types and the used of illocutionary acts by the maincharacterineverydaylife.

B. THEORETICALFRAMEWROK

1. SpeechActJohnL.Austinisthefirstphilosopherwhodevelopstheconceptofspeech

actsinhisbookHowtoDoThingswithWords(1962).Austinclaimsspeechactsastheactionperformedbysayingsomething,throughutterancesonesareabletogetotherstodosomething.AccordingtoSearle(1969)speakingalanguageisperformingspeechacts,suchasactsmakingstatements,givingcommands,asking questions, or making promises. Searle believes all linguisticscommunicationinvolveslinguistic(speech)acts.

2. IllocutionaryActsIllocutionaryactsisperformedviathecommunicativeforceofanutterance

(Yule, 1996). Yan Huang (2012) states that illocutionary acts is an actaccomplishedinspeakinganddefinedwithinasystemofsocialconventions.InSearle’s Expression and Meaning (1979), Searle classifies illocutionary actsinto

a. RepresentativesTheillocutionarypointofrepresentativesiscommittingtothetruthofthe

expressedproposition (Searle, 1979). The representatives’ utterances consistofasserting,agreeing,believing,boasting,concluding,complaining,criticizing,denying,describing,informin,stating,etc.Forexample:- “Istatethatitisraining”(Stating)

(Searle,1975)b. Directives

The illocutionarypointof thisact is toget thehearer todo something. Indirectivesthespeakerattemptstomaketheworld(theactionsofthehearer)match the propositional content of the utterance to some degree, that thehearer commits a future action. The directives’ utterances consist of asking,advising, begging, demanding, integerogating, inviting, ordering, permitting,requesting,suggesting,urging,questioningetc.



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Forexample:- “Iorderyoutoleave”(Ordering)

(Searle,1975)- “Don’ttouchthat”(Forbidding)

(Yule,1996)c. Commissives

The illocutionary point of this act is to commit the speaker to a futureaction. The speakers commit themselves to some future actionwhichmeansmake the worlds fit words. In other words, speaker intends the situation.Commissivesutterancesconsistofoffering,promising,refusing,etc.Forexample:- “Ipromisetopayyouthemoney”(Promising)

(Searle,1975)- “Wewillnotdothat”(Refusing)

(Yule,1996)

d. ExpressivesThe illocutionary point of this act is to express the psychological state

specified in the sincerity condition about a state of affairs specified in thepropositional content (Searle, 1979). Such as apologizing, appreciating,condoling,congratulating,praising, thankingandregrettingare theexamplesofexpressiveutterances.Forexample:- “Iapologizetosteponyourtoe”(Apologizing)

(Searle,1975)- “Congratulations!”(Congratulating)

(Yule,1996)

e. DeclarativeThe illocutionary point of declarative is tomake something the case. The

declaratives utterances consist of betting, confirming, declaring, naming, etc.Searleclaimsthatitisthedefiningcharacteristicofthisclassthatthesuccessfulperformanceofoneofitsmembersbringsaboutthecorrespondencebetweenthepropositional contentandreality, successfulperformanceguarantees thatthepropositionalcontentcorrespondstotheworld(Searle,1979).Forexample:- “Inowpronounceyoumanandwife”(Marrying)

(Searle,1975)

3. ContextContext is thecircumstancesthat formthesetting foranevent,statement,

or idea,and in termsofwhich it canbe fullyunderstood(OxfordDictionary).



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The role of context in interpreting an utterance is important. Context allowspeopletounderstandthemeaningoftheutterance.AccordingtoHallidayandHasan(1985)contextisanenvironmentwhichmeaningsarebeingexchanged.Therearethreeelements,theyarefield,tenor,andmode.Fieldreferstowhatishappening,thenatureofthesocialinteractionthatistakingplaceandwhatisit that theparticipantsareengaged in.Tenorrefers towho is takingpart, thenature of the participants, their statuses and roles and what kind of rolerelationshipsofonekindoranother.Modereferstowhatpartthelanguageisplaying, what it is that the participants are expecting the language to do fortheminthatsituation.Forexample:(aradiotalkbytheBishopofWoolwich)

“TheChristianshouldthereforetakeatheismseriously,notonlysothathemay beabletoanswerit,butsothathehimselfmaystillbeabletobeabelieverinthemid-twentieth century.With this inmind, I would ask you to exposeyourself to the three thrusts of modern atheism. These are not so muchthree types of atheism – each is present in varying degree in anyrepresentative type – somuch as threemotiveswhichhave impliedman,particularlyoverthepasthundredyears,toquestiontheGodoftheirup–bringingandours.Theymayberepresentedbythreesummarystatements:God is intellectually superfluous; God is emotionally dispensable; God ismorallyintolerable.”

Thefield is thusthemaintenanceofan institutionalizedsystemofbeliefs: thenatureoftheChristianreligion,andofpeople’sattitudetowardsit,atasemi–technical level. The tenor is that of an authority to an audience. He is anauthorityinbothsenses:heholdsauthorityintheChurch,asabishop,andheisanauthorityonreligion,atheologian.Hecannotseetheaudience,anddoesnotknow them;buthis relationship to them is institutionalized in theculture, asthatofpastortoflock.Themodeisthatofatextthatwaswritteninordertobereadaloud,asapublicactonthemassmedia,itwasmonologue,inwhichthetextitselfwasthewholeoftherelevantactivity–nothingelsesignificantwashappening. And it is persuasive discussion, based on rational argument.(Hammam,2006).

C. RESEACRHMETHOD1. ResearchDesignResearch design defines by Creswell (2009) as plans and the procedures

forresearchthatreachthedecisionfrombroadassumptiontodetailmethodofdatacollectionandanalysis.Thisstudybelongstoqualitativeresearchandtheresearchers applied descriptive method. According to Creswell (1994)qualitative research is an examination process of understanding based ondifferentmethodological traditionsof inquiry thatexplorea socialorhumanissue. Wray and Bloomer (2006) state that qualitative study involved



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descriptionandanalysis.Theresearchersobservedandanalyzedtheutterancealongwith its context that spoken by themain character of themovie. Thefindingsandtheconclusionofthisstudydescribedintoparagraphs.2. DataandSourceofDataThedataofthisstudyarethemaincharacter’sutterancesfoundinthedata

sources.ThesourcesofthedataarethemoviescriptofTheMatrixmovieandthemovieitself.3. ResearchInstrumentTheinstrumentofthestudyistheresearchers.BodganandBiklen(1992)

states that in conducting qualitative research, the researcher being the keyinstrument.Theresearcheristheonewhocollectsthedataandconductstheresearch.4. DataCollectionTechniquesTheresearcherstooksomestepstocollectthedata,asfollow:

a) WatchedthemovieTheresearcherswatchedthemovieseveraltimesinorderto

understand the movie, to focus on the interaction the maincharacter had in the movie and to distinguish the utterancesspokenbythemaincharacter.

b) ReadthemoviescriptThe researchers read the movie script a few times to be

certainby themaincharacter’sutteranceswrittenon thescriptwerethesameaswhatthemaincharacterspokenonthemovie.

c) IdentifiedtheutterancesThe researchers selected the main character’s utterances

from the movie script which contain illocutionary acts byidentifyingthemwithillocutionaryforceindicatingdevices.

5. DataAnalysisProceduresThe researchers followed 3 procedures stated by Miles and Huberman

(1994) to write this study. They are data reduction, data display, andconclusiondrawingorverification.Thefirststep,theresearchersclassifiedthedatacollectedbasedonthe illocutionaryacts typesby JohnR.Searle(1975),and the researchers identified the context of the data by usingHalliday andHasan’s(1985)theoryofcontext.Thesecondstep, theresearchersdisplayedthefindingsbydescribingthemintoparagraph.Thelaststep,theresearchersdrewtheconclusionthatcontaintheanswersofthe2researchquestions.

D. FINDINGSANDDISCUSSIONThe findings of the illocutionary acts performed by the main character are

classified by the types of the illocutionary acts proposed by Searle, and thecontexts which underlie the utterances are analyzed with the theory of context



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stated by Halliday and Hasan. The data are Neo’s utterances those selected byusingillocutionaryforceindicatingdevicesinthedatasources,whicharethescriptof The Matrix and the movie. Based on the analysis, there are 113 data ofillocutionaryactsperformedbyNeo inTheMatrixmovie.Thedataare classifiedinto24dataofrepresentatives,82dataofdirectives,2dataofcommissives,and5data of expressives. Meanwhile for the declaratives types of illocutionary acts,there are none of the main character’s utterances could be identified asdeclarativesinTheMatrixmovie.

1. IllocutionaryActsPerformedbyNeoinTheMatrixMovie

I. Representatives

Representatives is an act of expressing something that the speakervaluesasthetruthorthespeaker’sbelief.ThemaincharacterofTheMatrixmovieutters24phrasesorsentenceswhichidentifiedasrepresentatives.The data consist of 1 utterance identified as agreeing, 3 utterancesidentified as believing, 3 utterances identified as denying, 2 utteranceidentified as describing, 5 utterances identified as informing, and 10utterancesidentifiedasstating.

- Data006/011/000928

Dujour:Comeon.It'llbefun.Ipromise.Neo :Yeah.Sure,I'llgo.

(p.11)(00:09:28–00:09:41)

The utterance “Yeah, Sure, I’ll go” belongs to representatives types ofillocutionary acts and is identified as agreeing. The data identified asagreeing are the utterances spoken by the main character to show heagreesonsomething,oracceptsthehearersuggestion.NeowhooriginallyrejectedtheinvitationofDujourandChoichangedhismindafterseeingatattoo on Dujour shoulder that reminded him of the words “follow thewhite rabbit” that popped on his computer a moment before Choi andDujour came. Neo’s utterance “Yeah. Sure, I'll go” shows the indicativemood that conveysNeo agreement of the suggestion andhewill gowithChoiandDujour.- Data037/042/004340

Neo :No.Idon'tbelieveit.It'snotpossible.Morpheus :Ididn'tsayitwouldbeeasy,Neo.

Ijustsaiditwouldbethetruth. (p.42)(43:40-43:50)

TheutterancespokenbyNeoaboveisclassifiedintorepresentativesandisidentified denying. Neo horrified by Morpheus’s explanation of how theworld now. He was stuttering in fright, “No. I don’t believe it. It’s not



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possible”. The indicative mood in Neo’s utterance shows he denied thetruthwhichMorpheus told,hedenied the idea that theworldheknew isonlyaprogram.- Data082/076/011856

Trinity:Whatdidyousee?Cypher :Whathappened?Neo :Ablackcatwentpastus,andthenanotherthat looked

justlikeit.(p.76)(1:18:56-1:19:03)

The utterance spoken by Neo above belongs to representatives types ofillocutionaryactsandisidentifiedasdescribing.Thedatathosecontainsareportofhowsomethingisdone,orwhatissomethingislikearethedataof describing. The utterance “A black catwent past us, and then anotherthatlookedjustlikeit.”spokenbyNeocontainsanindicativemood.Neo’sutteranceconveysafactualstatementofablackthatwentpastthem,andhe describes the other cat that looked like it went past them again.Therefore,Neo’sutteranceidentifiedasdescribing.

- Data094/095/013518

Tank :Whatareyoutalkingabout?Neo :TheOracle.Shetoldmethiswouldhappen. ShetoldmethatIwouldhavetomakeachoice.

(p.95)(1:35:18-1:35:27)

The utterance spoken by Neo above belongs to representatives types ofillocutionary acts and is classified as informing. Neo sharedwhatOracletoldhimbysaying“TheOracle.Shetoldmethiswouldhappen.ShetoldmethatIwouldhavetomakeachoice”toTankandTrinity.InNeo’sutterance,itcontainsanindicativemoodthatusedtomakefactualstatementwhichistheinformationhegotfromOraclethatMorpheuswillsacrificehimselfinordertosaveNeo.- Data102/096/013635

Neo :BecauseIbelieveinsomething.Trinity:What?Neo :IbelieveIcanbringhimback.

(p.96)(1:36:35-1:36:40)

The utterance “I believe I can bring him back” spoken byNeo belongs torepresentativestypesofillocutionaryactsandisclassifiedasbelieving.Theused of performative verb “believe” indicates that the sentence containsNeo’sbelief.TrinitywasstartledbyNeo’sdecision tosaveMorpheus,andhewantedtogobackintothematrix.ShestaredatNeoandaskedhimwhat



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madehimsosure.EventhoughNeobelievesthatheisnottheone,buthisutterance“IbelieveIcanbringhimback”showshisbeliefofhimselfandhisabilitythathecansaveMorpheus.- Data108/114/015810

AgentSmith :Doyouhearthat,Mr.Anderson? Thatisthesoundofinevitability. That is the sound of your death. Goodbye, Mr.Anderson.

Neo :MynameisNeo.(p.114)(1:58:10-1:58:17)

Theutterance“MynameisNeo”belongstorepresentatives(stating).AgentSmith dragged and threwNeo’s body to the rail then he tried to strangleNeowhilewaiting for thetraintocome.AgentSmithwhothoughthewasalreadywonthefighttriedtooffendNeoandcalledhimwithMr.Anderson.NeoansweredagentSmithwith“MynameisNeo”.Neo’sutterancecontainsan indicativemoodthatuses tomakea factualstatement thathisname isNeo, so the other participant acknowledged that he is Neo not Mr.Anderson,anordinaryemployee.II. Directives

Directives isanactwherethespeakerattemptstomakethehearercommits a future action. The researchers found 82 data identified asdirectivesthatthemaincharacterperformedinthemovie.Thefindingsofdirectivesconsistof2dataofasking,2dataofbegging,2dataofordering,and76dataofquestioning.- Data0008/012/001017

Neo :Whoareyou?Trinity:MynameisTrinity.

(p.12)(10:17-10:19)

The utterance spoken by Neo above belongs to directives types ofillocutionaryactsandisclassifiedasquestioning.InNeo’sutterance“Whoareyou?”containsanindicativemoodthatusedtoposeaquestion,thereisa word “who” and punctuation “?” those indicate that the utteranceidentified as a question. Neo was curious of who is the woman thatapproachedhimandknewhisnameas ahacker.Therefore, heutteredaquestiontofindoutwhosheis.- Data039/043/004400

Neo :Getthisthingoutofme.Getthisthingoutofme! Don'ttouchme.Stayawayfromme.

(p.43)(44:00-44:15)



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Theutterance spokenbyNeo above is classified as directives (ordering).Neo woke up from the construct and lost control. He shouted “Get thisthingoutofme.Getthisthingoutofme!Don'ttouchme.Stayawayfromme”. Neo’s utterance s contain imperative mood that expressed hiscommandtothehearer,sothehearerwillunplughimandstayawayfromhim.

- Data086/082/012315Neo :Wecan'tleavehim.Trinity:Wehaveto.

(p.82)(1:23:15-1:23:16)

Theutterance“Wecan'tleavehim.”spokenbyNeoaboveisclassifiedintoexpressives types of illocutionary acts and identified as begging. TrinitytriedtotakeNeoaway,buthedidnotwanttoleaveMorpheusbehind.Hesaid“Wecan’tleavehim”toTrinity.Neo’sutterance“Wecan'tleavehim.”containsan imperativemood thatexpressedhowhewanted tostaywithMorpheus.- Data109/116/015935

Neo :Mr.Wizard,getmethehelloutofhere.Tank :Gotapatchonanoldexit,WabashandLake

(p.116)(1:59:35–1:59:39)

TheutterancespokenbyNeoabovebelongstodirectivesandisclassifiedas asking. The data that contains the main character’s request for thehearertodosomethingortogivesomethingtothespeakerareclassifiedasasking.Neowasrunningfromtheagentsandhestolesomeone’sphoneonthestreet tomakeacall toTank. Theutterance “Mr.Wizard,getme thehelloutofhere”spokenbyNeocontainsan imperativemood thatshowsNeo’s request for Tank to find him the exit so he can escape from theagents.III. Commissives

Commissives isanactwherethespeakercommitshimself/herselftodoanactioninthefuture.Neoperformed2illocutionaryactsidentifiedascommissives,theyarerefusingandpromising.

- Data005/011/000911

Choi :Itjustsoundslikeyouneedtounplug,man.GetsomeR&R? Whatdoyouthink,Dujour?Shouldwetakehimwithus?Dujour:Definitely.Neo :Ican't.Ihaveworktomorrow.

(p.11)(09:11-09:27)



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TheutterancespokenbyNeoabovebelongstocommisivesandisclassifiedas refusing. Neo told Choi what has been troubling his mind and ChoisuggestedNeotojoinhim.InNeo’sutterance“Ican’t.Ihavework”heusedindicativemoodtoshowastatementthathehastoworkthenextdayandthatiswhyhechosetorefuseChoi’sandDujoursuggestion.- Data112/219/020819

Neo : I’mgoing tohangup thisphone.And then I’mgoing toshow

thispeoplewhatyoudon’twantthemtosee.I’mgoingtoshowthemaworldwithoutyou.

(p.219)(02:08:19-02:08:27)

The utterance spoken by Neo above is classified as commissive(promising).Neocalledsomeoneandheuttered“I’mgoingtohangupthisphone.AndthenI’mgoingtoshowthispeoplewhatyoudon’twantthemto see. I’mgoing to show themaworldwithout you”.Heuses thewords“goingto”tomakesurethehearergetthemessagesofwhatheisgoingtodoafterthephonecallended.

IV. ExpressivesExpressivesisanactofexpressingthespeaker’spsychologicalstate.

The researchers found the main character performed 2 utterancesidentifiedasapologizing,1utteranceidentifiedasappreciating,1utteranceasthanking,and1utteranceasregretting.

- Data025/027/002359

Neo :It'sanhonortomeetyou.Morpheus :No,thehonorismine.Please,come.Sitdown.

Iimaginethatrightnowyou'refeelingabitlikeAlice,tumblingdowntherabbithole?Hm?

(p.27)(25:59-26:31)

The utterance spoken by Neo belongs to expressives and is classified asappreciating. Thedata classified as appreciating is theutterance that themain character used to express his appreciation about something’s orsomeone’s value. Neo entered a room where Morpheus was waiting forhim.Neoexpresseshowhevalues theopportunity tomeetMorpheusbysaying“It'sanhonortomeetyou”.Theuseofwords“It’sanhonortomeetyou” contains indicative mood that indicates Neo statement of how heappreciatesthemomenthefinallymetMorpheusinperson.- Data059/060/010332



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Neo :Thanksforthedrink. (p.60)(1:03:32-1:03:39)The utterance spoken by Neo above belongs to expressives types ofillocutionaryactsandisclassifiedasthanking.Thedatawhichclassifiedasthankingaretheutterancesthosethemaincharacterusedtoexpressheispleasedorbeinggratefulofsomething.Neowantedtogobacktohisroombutbefore that said thanks toCypherwhospent time tohavea chatandofferedhimadrink.Theusedofperfomativeverbthankin“Thanksforthedrink.”utteranceconveyedNeo’sgratitudetowhatCypherdid.- Data074/071/011312

Neo :I'msorry.Oracle :Isaiddon'tworryaboutit.I'llgetoneofmystudentstofixit.

(p.71)(1:13:12-1:13:19)The utterance “I’m sorry” spoken by Neo belongs to expressive types ofillocutionary acts (apologizing). The utterance spoken by the maincharacterwhichclassifiedasapologizingistheutterancethatexpressthemain character being sorry of something he did. Neo accidentally brokeOracle’svase.TheusedofindicativemoodinNeo’utteranceexpressedhowhe felt after causing a trouble. Neo used theword “sorry” to convey hisapologize.- Data099/096/013537

Trinity:Neo,Morpheus sacrificedhimself so thatwe could get youout. Thereisnowayyou’regoingbackin.

Neo :MorpheusdidwhathedidbecausehebelievedthatI’msomethingI’mnot.

Trinity:What?Neo :I’mnottheone,Trinity.TheOraclehitmewiththattoo.Trinity:No,youhavetobe.Neo :I’msorry,I'mnot.I'mjustanotherguy.Trinity:No,Neo.That'snottrue.Itcan'tbetrue.

(p.96)(1:35:37-1:36:00)

The utterance “I’m sorry, I'm not. I'm just another guy” spoken by Neoabove is classified into expressives and is identified as regretting. Theutterancespokenbythemaincharacterthatclassifiedasregrettingistheutterancewhichexpressesthemaincharacter’semotionaboutsomethingthatbeinghappens.TrinitydoubtedNeo’sstatementthatheisnottheone.NeofeelssorrytoTrinityandheconveyedhowhefeltbysaying“I’msorry,I'mnot.I'mjustanotherguy”. TheuseofthefallingintonationwhileNeo



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was saying “sorry” shows that he feels sorry towards Trinity whostillbelievesthatheisthechosenanditindicatesasregret.

2. ContextUnderlyingIllocutionaryActsinNeo’sUtterancesinTheMatrixMovieThe researchers identified the context appeared in the utterances those

contain illocutionary acts inThe Matrixmovie by using Halliday and Hasanconceptofcontext.HallidayandHasan(1985)proposed3elementsofcontext.Theyarefield, tenorandmode.Fieldreferstothesocial interactionbetweentheparticipants.Tenorreferstowhoistakingpart,whetheritisthestatus,theroleandtherelationshipbetweentheparticipants.Modereferstowhataretheparticipantstrytoachieveintheirinteractionthroughlanguage.

- Data005/011/000911Choi :Itjustsoundslikeyouneedtounplug,man.GetsomeR&R?

Whatdoyouthink,Dujour?Shouldwetakehimwithus?Dujour :Definitely.Neo :Ican't.Ihaveworktomorrow.

(p.11)(00:09:11–00:09:27)

The field is the conversationoccurredwhenChoi thought thatNeoneeds totake some timeoff andhave fun, soChoi askedDujourwhether they shouldtakeNeowith themornot.Dujour agreedwithChoi’s idea. The tenor is theconversation happened between Neo, Choi and Dujour. Choi came to Neo’sapartmentwithDujourasacustomer.Themodeistheconversationdevelopedto have Neo joined with Choi and Dujour, but the utterance “I can’t. I haveworktomorrow”spokenbyNeoisaimedturndownChoi’soffer.

- Data059/060/010332

Neo :Thanksforthedrink.(p.60)(01:03:32-01:03:39)

The field is theconversationabovehappenedwhenNeowantedtogo

back to his room after talking with Cypher. The tenor is the conversationabove occurred between Neo and Cypher. Cypher is one of the crew thatMorpheusgathered.Themodeistheutterance“Thanksforthedrink”spokenbyNeo isaimed toexpressedhisgratitude towardsCypherwhohave talkedwithhimandofferedhimadrink.

- Data102/096/013635

Neo :BecauseIbelieveinsomething.Trinity :What?Neo :IbelieveIcanbringhimback.

(p.96)(01:36:35-01:36:40)



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ThefieldistheinteractionofTrinityandNeo.Intheship,Neo,TankandTrinity were looking tense with the decision whether to have unpluggedMorpheusandlethimdieinthematrixornot.Then,Neomadeadecisiontoenter thematrix and it startledTrinity. Theparticipants of the conversationaboveareTrinityandNeo.Thetenoristheutterance“IbelieveIcanbringhimback”usesbyNeotomakeTrinitytrusthisdecision.Eventhoughheisnottheone,heexpressedhimselfthatheissurehecanbringMorpheusback.

- Data108/114/015810

AgentSmith :Doyouhearthat,Mr.Anderson? Thatisthesoundofinevitability. That is the sound of your death. Goodbye, Mr.

Anderson.Neo :MynameisNeo.

(p.114)(01:58:10-01:58:17)

The field is the conversation above occurred on the rail, when agent SmithsucceededtocornerNeoandwaitingforthetraintorunoverNeo.ThetenoristheparticipantsoftheconversationaboveareagentSmithandNeo.Themodeis the utterance “Myname isNeo” spokenbyNeo is aimed to confute agentSmith utterance who called Neo as Mr. Anderson. Neo wanted to beacknowledgedasheisnow,nottheordinaryemployeeMr.Anderson.

- Data109/116/015935

Neo :Mr.Wizard,getmethehelloutofhere.Tank :Gotapatchonanoldexit,WabashandLake

(p.116)(01:59:35–01:59:39)

The field is the conversation above occurred by phone call. Neo wasbeingchasedbytheagentsandhestolesomeone’sphoneinthestreettomakeaphonecall.ThetenoristheparticipantsoftheconversationabovewhichareNeoandTank.NeomadeaphonecalltoTankwhowasintheshipandcouldgivehimtheinformationofplacetotransferhimoutofthematrix.Themodeis the utterance “Mr.Wizard, getme the hell out of here” spoken by Neo isaimedtogetaguidancefromTanktogetoutfromthematrix.

E. CONCLUSIONThereare113utterancesidentifiedwithillocutionaryactsthatclassifiedinto

4 type illocutionary acts which are representatives (24), directives (82),commissives(2),andexpressives(5).Whilethedeclarativestypeof illocutionaryactwasnot found.As Searle (1979) stateddeclaratives act in speaker utterancecanchangethereality.Thedeclarativesactintheutteranceneedstobeperformedbysomeonewhohasthepowerorauthoritytodoitsothepropositionalcontentcorresponds to theworld. InTheMatrixmovie, Neo doesn’t have any power or



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authority to change reality with his words. In this study it showed the mostlyidentifiedfield,tenorandmodeintheconversationNeohadwithothercharactersinthemovie.ThemodeoftheconversationNeohadinthemoviewasfrequentlyhappenedintheprogramorinthematrix,thetenoroftheconversationNeohadwas dominantly betweenMorpheus and Trinity,meanwhile for themode of theconversationwasNeorepeatedlyutteredquestionstosatisfyhiscuriositiesaboutthematrix.

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