Illinois Masonic Academic Bowl Round 7 Toss-up Questions … · Illinois Masonic Academic Bowl 2018...

Illinois Masonic Academic Bowl2018 Sectional Tournament

Round 71st Section

Toss-up Questions

Question #1: Science10 points

Chemical hardness is proportional to the derivativeof this property with respect to the number ofelectrons. One method of calculating this propertymakes it the opposite of chemical potential. Inanother definition of this property, it nearly variesdirectly with effective nuclear charge and inverselywith the square of covalent [koh-VAY-lint] radius.The central atom in a Lewis dot structure is almostalways the one with the smallest value for thisproperty. Atoms with large differences in thisquantity are able to form ionic bonds. Name thismeasure of an atom’s ability to attract electrons.

electronegativity

Question #2: Social Studies10 points

One of the holiest locations in this religion contains125 shrines that are each rebuilt every 20 years. Anincantation, a wand, and salt water are used in thisreligion’s purification ceremonies, which generallyprecede all rituals. Practitioners of this religionsometimes use just water to cleanse their hands andmouth when entering a shrine after passing througha gate called a torii [tor-ee]. Many of this religion’sshrines are dedicated to spirits called kami[kah-mee]. Name this religion that is oftenpracticed alongside Buddhism and that became thestate religion during the Meiji [may-jee] era inJapan.

Shintoism [orkami-no-michi]

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Round 71st Section

Toss-up Questions

Question #3: Literature10 points

One character with this occupation is captured bythe Forest Brotherhood while returning fromYuriatin [YUR-ee-ah-tin]. Another character of thisprofession meets his second wife while still marriedto Heloise Dubuc. One character is assisted in thisjob by Lara Antipova, with whom he later has anaffair. The wife of one member of this professionhas an affair with his client, Rodolphe Boulanger[boo-lawn-zheh]. This is the occupation of Charles,the husband of the title character in GustaveFlaubert’s [goo-stahv floh-“bear’s”] MadameBovary. Name this profession of Boris Pasternak’scharacter Yuri Zhivago.

doctor [or physician]

Question #4: Miscellaneous10 points

The company On-Line PLC more than tripled invalue when it changed its name to mention thistechnology. Ethereum [eh-THEER-ee-um] is an appplatform for this type of technology. Changes inthis technology that require all users to upgradetheir protocol software are called hard forks. Thistechnology uses distributed ledgers rather thancentralized ledgers, which makes it more difficult forhackers to manipulate data. Name this technologythat creates verifiable, permanent records that areuseful when using cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin.

blockchain [prompt onbitcoin orcryptocurrency/ies]

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Round 71st Section

Toss-up Questions


This condition is also known as “E6V” becausevaline [VAL-een] replaces another amino acid,causing a molecule to collapse in on itself. Thecombination of being a carrier of this disease alongwith a gene for beta thalassemia[thal-uh-SEE-mee-uh] can result in people havingthe full symptoms of this disease. Carriers of thisdisease can also have symptoms when they aredehydrated or are oxygen depleted. People whocarry this disease have some resistance toPlasmodium because their red blood cells rupturemore often; that is, they are resistant to malaria.Name this condition in which red blood cells adopta namesake curved shape.

sickle-cell disease [acceptsickle-cell anemia]


As a young lawyer, this person successfullydefended Aaron Burr when Burr was indicted fortreason, but Jefferson then convinced this person ofBurr’s guilt. During his career, this person resignedas Speaker of the House three times: to negotiate apeace treaty, to pay off debts, and to becomesecretary of state. This person worked with JohnCalhoun [kal-HOON] to pass the Tariff of 1833,which ended the Nullification Crisis. Very late inhis career, this person worked with StephenDouglas to pass the Compromise of 1850. Namethis Whig leader who got the Missouri Compromisethrough the House and was nicknamed “the GreatCompromiser”.

Henry Clay (Sr.)

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Round 72nd Section

Teamwork Questions

Question #7: Literature10 points per part

The protagonist of this work saves a book ofpaintings by Paul Gauguin [goh-gan] for a boywho visits every day.1 Identify this novella in which Neil Klugman

works at the Newark Public Library and carrieson a summertime affair with the Radcliffestudent Brenda Patimkin.

“Goodbye, Columbus”

2 This American author wrote “Goodbye,Columbus” as well as Portnoy’s Complaint.

Philip (Milton) Roth

3 In 2001, Philip Roth became the first winner ofa literary prize named for this Czech author.This author wrote a novella about GregorSamsa turning into a bug, “TheMetamorphosis”.

Franz Kafka


This poem declares “I made a model of you / Aman in black with a Meinkampf [”MINE“-kahmpf]look.”1 Identify this poem that opens “You do not do”

and states that “every woman adores a Fascist.”Its German-speaking title figure is described ashaving an “Aryan [”AIR“-yun] eye” and “onegray toe / Big as a Frisco seal.”

“Daddy”

2 This author included “Daddy” in her collectionAriel. She also wrote the novel The Bell Jar.

Sylvia Plath

3 In “Daddy”, Plath says she has a picture of herfather standing at one of these objects.

blackboard [acceptchalkboard]

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Round 72nd Section

Teamwork Questions

Question #9: Mathematics10 points per part

This property holds for multiplication overaddition and subtraction, and it also holds forexponentiation over multiplication and division.1 Name this type of property. For multiplication

over addition, this property means that x timesthe quantity y plus z [pause] equals xy plus xz.

distributive property ordistributivity

2 Using the distributive property if you prefer,find the value of 7 times 18, plus 7 times 2.

140

3 Find the value of 5i times the quantity 2 plus 3i.In this problem, i is a square root of −1, andyou should give your answer in “a plus bi” form.

−15 + 10i

Question #10: Mathematics10 points per part

The internal angles of this polygon each measure135◦.1 Name this polygon whose central angles each

measure 45◦.regular octagon [prompton regular 8-gon]

2 Find the number of diagonals of a convexoctagon.

20 diagonals

3 The diagonals of a given regular octagon havethree different lengths. How many of the twentydiagonals are the longest of those three lengths?

four of the diagonals

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Round 72nd Section

Teamwork Questions

Question #11: Social Studies10 points per part

East Timor became an independent country in2002, but this country still controls the westernhalf of Timor [tee-MOR].1 Name this country between the Pacific and

Indian Oceans.(Republic of) Indonesia

2 This Indonesian volcano erupted in 1883, killingtens of thousands of people and making a noisethat was heard thousands of miles away.

Krakatoa[“CRACK”-ah-TOH-ah][or Krakatau]

3 This person declared Indonesia’s independencejust after World War II and served as itspresident until 1967.

Sukarno [do not accept“Suharto”]


This country now consists of 26 cantons, though ithas previously had eight or 13 cantons.1 Name this European country that has

maintained its neutrality since 1815.Switzerland [or SwissConfederation orSchweizerischeEidgenossenschaft orConfederation Suisse orConfederazione Svizzeraor Confederaziun Svizra]

2 Swiss neutrality was informally established atthis 1815 meeting of European powers beforebeing formalized in the 1815 Treaty of Paris.

Congress of Vienna [orWiener Kongress]

3 This Swiss businessman shared the first NobelPeace Prize with Frédéric Passy [fred-eh-rikpah-see] for starting the InternationalCommittee of the Red Cross.

(Jean-)Henri Dunant[awn-ree doo-nawn]

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Round 72nd Section

Teamwork Questions

Question #13: Science10 points per part

This quantity is the opposite of the common log ofa concentration.1 Name this quantity that, by definition, is 7 for

neutral solutions and less than 7 for acids.pH [accept power ofhydrogen or potential ofhydrogen]

2 The pH of a solution can be calculated usingthis equation which gives the electromotiveforce, or cell potential, in terms of the reactionquotient.

Nernst equation

3 Ocean acidification [uh-SID-ih-fih-KAY-shun]occurs when carbon dioxide combines withwater to form this acid, which then dissociatesinto hydrogen ions, bicarbonate, and carbonate.

carbonic acid [acceptH2CO3]


This adjective describes acids such as acetic[uh-SEE-tik] acid and bases such as ammonia.1 Give this adjective for acids and bases that only

partially ionize [“ION-eyes”] in water.weak acids or weak bases

2 This quantity measures the strength of an acid.For water, this property is 10 to the −14 power.

acid dissociationconstant [prompt ondissociation or Ka[“K-A”] or acidityconstant oracid-ionizationconstant]

3 Some acids have more than one aciddissociation constant. How many doesphosphoric acid have?

3

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Round 73rd Section

Toss-up Questions

Question #15: Mathematics10 points

Setting powers of x equal to this number gives thecyclotomic [“sigh”-kloh-“TOM”-ik] equation, whosesolutions are the de Moivre [duh mwahv] numbersand have the same magnitude as this number. TheVon Neumann [NOY-mun] definition of ordinalsassociates this number with a set containing onlyzero. This is the only positive number that cannotbe the base of a logarithm. This is the larger digitin Boolean algebra. “Zero point nine repeating”equals this number. Name this number that isneither prime nor composite, and is the smallestpositive integer.

1


In Chinese mythology, Gong Gong has a ministerwith nine of these body parts, whom Yu the Greatkills. After drinking a potion from Circe [SUR-see],Scylla [SIL-uh] had six of these objects grow fromthe middle of her body that were used to attacksailors. Chimera had three of these body parts,including one that resembled a goat’s. Orthrus hadtwo of these body parts, and his brother whoguarded the gates of the Underworld had three.That brother was Cerberus. Name these body partsof which the Hydra’s regenerated after being cut off.

heads or faces [prompt onnecks]

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Round 73rd Section

Toss-up Questions


There are specific formulations of the Heisenberguncertainty principle named after HowardRobertson and this person. This person’s version ofquantum mechanics uses constant operators andchanging state vectors. In the equation named forthis person, the Hamiltonian operator acts on thewavefunction. The result of that operation equalsthe energy times the wavefunction in thetime-independent version. Name this Austrianphysicist who developed a thought experiment inwhich radioactivity may release poison, leading oneto conclude that, in a sense, a cat is simultaneouslydead and alive.

Erwin (Rudolf JosefAlexander) Schrödinger[SHRAY-din-gur]


When later emperors were inaugurated, they weretold to be more fortunate than Augustus and betterthan this emperor. A disagreement over who shouldrule Armenia led this emperor to fight Osroes I ofParthia. This emperor was honored by works ofApollodorus [uh-PAH-loh-DOR-uss] of Damascus,including a forum, a bridge, and a column namedfor him; the column is the oldest victory column inRome, and the bridge crossed the Danube River tohelp this emperor conquer Dacia [DAY-shuh].Name this adopted son of his predecessor Nervaand adoptive father of his cousin and successorHadrian, the second of the Five Good Emperors.

Trajan [or Marcus UlpiusTraianus]

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Round 73rd Section

Toss-up Questions

Question #19: Fine Arts10 points

This key signature is used in Cécile Chaminade’s[seh-seel shah-mih-nahd’z] Flute Concertino[“con-chair-TEE-no”]. This key signature used tobe considered the “key of glory”, which may explainwhy George Frideric Handel’s Zadok the Priest and“Hallelujah” chorus are in this key. This is the keysignature of the only Violin Concerto by PyotrTchaikovsky, and of Pachelbel’s Canon. The tonicchord in this key is the root, F sharp, and A. Namethis major key signature that has the same notes asB minor, with its two sharps at F-sharp andC-sharp.

D major [accept just Dafter “major”; prompt onD before that]


This character hates it when people have cheapsuitcases, including two nuns and Dick Slagle. Thischaracter chats with the falsie-wearing SelmaThurmer on a bus and gives an alias to ErnestMorrow’s mother while on a train. This character isbeaten up over five dollars by Maurice the elevatorman. This character wonders where the CentralPark ducks went in the winter, and he repeatedlyderides things and people he calls “phony”. Heleaves for New York City after dropping out ofPencey Prep. Name this protagonist of J. D.Salinger’s The Catcher in the Rye.

Holden Caulfield [prompton Caulfield]

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Round 74th Section

Teamwork Questions


The expenditure form of this concept incorporatesconsumption, investment, government spending,and net exports.1 Name this concept used to measure national

economies. Its name has three words, none ofwhich is “national”.

gross domestic productor GDP

2 There are often two published versions of GDPgrowth. Those versions are real GDP growth,which is adjusted for inflation, and this type ofGDP growth that is not adjusted for inflation.

nominal GDP growth

3 This quantity equals 100 times nominal GDPdivided by real GDP. Like the consumer priceindex, this quantity is a measure of inflation.

GDP deflator


David Ricardo stated that commodities gain valuefrom this concept and from labor.1 Name this basic economic condition that arises

because the desire for resources is seeminglylimitless, while the amount of resourcesavailable is limited.

scarcity [or paucity]

2 Some critics have said that this writer’sGrundrisse [GROON-dree-seh] described apost-scarcity society. This writer latercontradicted some of those ideas in Das Kapital[dahss kah-pee-TAHL].

Karl Marx

3 In capitalism, scarcity is controlled by settingprices on commodities. What term means theprice at which the demand for a commoditydrops to zero?

choke price

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Round 74th Section

Teamwork Questions

Question #23: Fine Arts10 points per part

The Society of Independent Artists set up anexhibit in 1917 that allowed any artist to displayany work of art, but this work was hidden duringthe show against those guidelines.1 Give this name that was applied to a urinal

signed “R. Mutt”.Fountain

2 This French-American artist submittedFountain.

(Henri-Robert-)MarcelDuchamp

3 Prelude to a Broken Arm, another readymadeby Duchamp, was originally one of theseobjects.

snow shovel

Question #24: Fine Arts10 points per part

There are several paintings called The Bath.

1 This American painter, who moved to France,often painted women with children—includingthe painting The Bath, which is also called TheChild’s Bath.

Mary Cassatt

2 This French artist painted dressed men andnude women in The Luncheon on the Grass,which was originally called The Bath.

Édouard Manet [ayd-warman-ay]

3 This 19th-century French painter set many ofhis works in Islamic bathhouses, including onemost commonly called The Bath that shows aseated woman being sponged.

Jean-Léon Gérôme[zhahn leh-ohn zhair-ohm]

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Round 74th Section

Teamwork Questions


In this type of wave, the wave oscillates in adirection perpendicular to the direction it travelsin.1 Name this type of wave contrasted with

longitudinal [lawn-jih-TOOD-in-ul] waves.transverse waves [prompton T-waves]

2 In this phenomenon, transverse waves vibratein a single plane. Photographers often usefilters that force light to behave this way.

polarization orpolarized or polarizing

3 Polarization can be specified using parametersnamed for this person. A theorem named forthis person is a generalization of thefundamental theorem of calculus that equatesthe curl of a field over a surface to the workdone by the field along the boundary.

(Sir) George (Gabriel)Stokes


This quantity is the rate at which work is done.

1 Name this quantity measured in watts. power

2 The watt per square meter is the unit used forthis vector representing the flux of an electricfield. This vector equals the cross product ofthe electric field with the magnetic H-field.

Poynting vector

3 The log of the ratio of two sound intensities,each measured in watts per square meter, isused to calculate this unit of sound intensity.

decibel

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Round 74th Section

Teamwork Questions


This character’s murder was proclaimed with theheadline “Well-known city engineer shot dead.Assailants thought to be natives.”1 Name this man who was shot when three young

men broke into his home. This author of “TheTruth About Native Crime” had an entirebookshelf in his study dedicated to AbrahamLincoln.

Arthur (Trevelyan) Jarvis[prompt on Jarvis]

2 Arthur Jarvis was shot by a man whose firstname was Absalom; what was his last name?Absalom’s father, Stephen, traveled toJohannesburg but was unable to save his sonfrom execution.

Kumalo

3 Arthur Jarvis and Stephen Kumalo appear inthis novel by the South African author AlanPaton.

Cry, the BelovedCountry


This character stands still all night to earn hisfather’s permission to leave.1 Identify this character who claims his skills are

thinking, waiting, and fasting. He learnsbusiness from his boss Kamaswami and learnsabout the river from the ferryman Vasudeva.

Siddhartha

2 This German author wrote Siddhartha,Steppenwolf, and The Glass Bead Game.

Hermann (Karl) Hesse[HESS-uh]

3 This courtesan kisses Siddhartha after heimprovises a poem for her. This woman is themother of Siddhartha’s son and dies of asnakebite near the river.

Kamala

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Round 75th Section

Toss-up Questions


One of these events is commemorated by a LoradoTaft bas-relief [BAH “relief”] that hangs inChicago’s City Hall. That event took place onRandolph Street in Chicago in 1903 at the IroquoisTheatre. A very large one of these events tookplace in northeast Wisconsin in October 1871 andis named after the town of Peshtigo [PESH-ti-go].Another major one occurred at the Asch Buildingin Manhattan in 1911, and led to more support forthe International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Unionand the creation of the American Society of SafetyEngineers. Name this type of event, one of which inChicago occurred the same day as the Peshtigo oneand was blamed on Mrs. O’Leary’s cow.

fires

Question #30: Mathematics10 points

The calculation of this quantity is the moststraightforward result of a triple integral of just aJacobian [YAH-koh-bee-un]. For a parallelepiped[“parallel-uh-PIE”-ped], this quantity is found usinga triple product. The derivative of this quantitywith respect to radius gives the surface area of asphere. The factor this value changes by during atransformation can be calculated by taking thedeterminant of a 3-by-3 matrix. For a cone orpyramid, this quantity equals one-third timesheight times base area. Name this measurement ofthe space taken up by a three-dimensional object.

volume

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Round 75th Section

Toss-up Questions


This type of tissue is attacked by the Cryphonectriaparasitica [“CRY-foe-NECK-tree-uh”pair-uh-SIT-ih-kuh] fungus, which releases oxalic[“oak”-SA-lik] acid and causes cankers. Somelycophytes [“LIKE-oh-fights”] exhibit only theunifacial type of this tissue, which works onlytoward the interior. The cells in this tissue are rayinitials and fusiform [“FUSE”-ih-form] initials.Dicots [“DIE-cots”] and gymnosperms[JIM-noh-“sperms”] have the vascular type of thistissue. Phellogen [FEL-oh-jen], which is located inthe periderm [“PAIR”-ih-durm], is called the “cork”type of this tissue. Name this tissue that istheoretically a single layer of dividing cellsresponsible for the growth of phloem [“FLOW-um”]and xylem [ZY-lum] in trees.

(vascular) cambium


In one work by this poet, a character advises“Charms strike the sight, but merit wins the soul.”Another work by this poet is the first use of the line“Fools rush in where angels fear to tread,” and thatwork also contains the aphorisms “To err is human,to forgive divine” and “A little learning is adangerous thing.” This author of An Essay onCriticism wrote a work about the Baron’s “direoffense” against Belinda, which consists of cuttingand stealing some of her hair. Name this18th-century Englishman who wrote The Rape ofthe Lock.

Alexander Pope

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Round 7Extra Section

Toss-up Questions

Extra Question #1: Mathematics10 points

The statement of this type named for WilliamHenry Young deals with products of non-negativenumbers and can be used to prove a relatedstatement for sums of products named for OttoHölder. A specific case of Hölder’s statement of thistype relates the square of an inner product to aproduct of inner products and is named forAugustin-Louis Cauchy [oh-goo-stan loo-eekoh-shee] and Hermann Schwarz [“HAIR”-mahnshvarts]. That relationship is used to prove anotherrelationship of this type relating the size of one sideof a triangle to the sum of the other two sides.Name these statements involving the relations “lessthan” or “greater than”.

inequality/ies

Extra Question #2: Fine Arts10 points

This artist showed a person in front reaching hishand forward while looking back at this artist inSelf-Portrait with a Friend. Another possibleself-portrait by this artist is Portrait of a YoungMan, which has been missing since World War II.Two little winged angels look up from the bottomof this artist’s Sistine Madonna. Several paintingsby this painter are in the Stanza della Segnatura[sen-yah-TOO-rah] in the Vatican, including LaDisputa [lah dees-POO-tah]. Name this HighRenaissance Italian artist who portrayed Plato andAristotle at the top of steps, surrounded by manyfamous thinkers, in The School of Athens.

Raphael [or RaffaelloSanzio da Urbino]

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Toss-up Questions

Extra Question #3: Literature10 points

The narrator of this work returned to his father his“inheritance” of a knife and spoon. The narrator ofthis work tells Stein of Antwerp that his wife Reizel[“RYE”-zel] was good despite not having heardfrom her in years. In this work, the people of Sighetignore the warnings of Moshe the Beadle. Thenarrator of this book works counting things forFranek after passing selection by Dr. Mengele[MEN-guh-luh]. The narrator’s father dies after amass march to Gleiwitz [GLY-vits] and beingshipped by train to Buchenwald [BOO-ken-vahlt].Name this memoir about time in Auschwitz[“OW”-shvits], written by Elie Wiesel [EL-eevee-SEL].

Night [or La Nuit orAnd the WorldRemained Silent or Undi velt hot geshvign]

Extra Question #4: Social Studies10 points

This person pledged to build 300,000 houses peryear and made Harold Macmillan his Minister ofHousing. After being slowed down by a stroke, thisperson resigned his leadership, making way forAnthony Eden. This leader of the ConservativeParty had a rivalry with Labour Party leaderClement Attlee, and he first came to power afterNeville Chamberlain resigned in 1940. Name thisBritish Prime Minister who worked closely withFranklin Roosevelt and Joseph Stalin during WorldWar II.

Winston (LeonardSpencer) Churchill

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Toss-up Questions

Extra Question #5: Science10 points

An illusion named for this effect impacts pilots whoturn their heads while their plane is turning, givingthe pilot vertigo [VUR-tih-goh] and a false sense ofadditional motion. The magnitude of this effect isfound by multiplying −2 times the cross product ofangular velocity with linear velocity. This effectexplains why the westerlies come from thesouthwest in some locations and from the northwestin others. This effect pushes projectiles to the rightin the Northern Hemisphere. Name this fictitiousforce that affects objects in a rotating referenceframe.

Coriolis effect or Coriolisforce

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Teamwork Questions

Extra Question #6: Literature10 points per part

Much of this novel is told through the journals ofJonathan Harker and Mina Murray.1 Name this novel in which Lucy Westenra

becomes the victim of a Transylvanian count.Dracula

2 This author wrote the 1897 novel Dracula. (Abraham) “Bram”Stoker

3 In Dracula, John Seward calls in this Dutchdoctor to figure out what is wrong with Lucy.

Abraham Van Helsing[accept either underlinedportion]

Extra Question #7: Literature10 points per part

This character poses the riddle “Why is a ravenlike a writing desk?”, but he doesn’t know theanswer.1 Name this character who testifies at a trial

“with a teacup in one hand and a piece ofbread-and-butter in the other”.

the Mad Hatter

2 When the Mad Hatter is done testifying, thischaracter states “Just take his head off outside.”

the Queen of Hearts[prompt on the Queen]

3 This author wrote about the Mad Hatter inAlice’s Adventures in Wonderland.

Lewis Carroll [or CharlesLutwidge Dodgson]

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Teamwork Questions

Extra Question #8: Mathematics10 points per part

Bézout’s [beh-zoh’s] identity states that thisnumber is a linear combination of the twonumbers from which it is determined.1 Name this quantity that can be calculated by

multiplying two numbers and then dividing bytheir least common multiple.

greatest commondivisor or greatestcommon factor or gcd orgcf [accept largest orhighest in place ofgreatest]

2 Find the greatest common factor of 72 and 78. 6

3 A common algorithm for finding greatestcommon factors is named for this person, whodescribed it in his book Elements.

Euclid’s algorithm orEuclidean algorithm

Extra Question #9: Mathematics10 points per part

The length of one of these segments is the heightof a triangle.1 Name this type of segment that connects a

vertex in a triangle to the opposite side, and isperpendicular to that side.

altitude

2 The altitudes of a triangle meet at this point. orthocenter

3 If the area of a triangle is 10 square units, findthe length of the altitude to a side that is 5units long.

4 units

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Illinois Masonic Academic Bowl Round 7 Toss-up Questions … · Illinois Masonic Academic Bowl 2018...

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