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Percentage Distribution of Curriculum Samples by Deciles on the CAT--Arithmetic Reasoning

84

Table 10: Frequency Distribution and Chi squire Analysis forCalifornia Achievement Test Arithmetic Fundamentals

DecilesVoc.

Tech.Acad. Sec. Bus.

HeEcoomn.

RowTotals

10 22 89 12 4 8 135

9 15 37 8 7 3 70

8 16 34 11 2 1 64

7 24 44 7 7 4 86

6 20 30 7 6 7 70

5 15 22 4 5 9 55

4 53 66 25 23 17 184

3 26 20 5 12 7 70

2 48 27 6 12 12 105

1 12 6 0 9 3 30

ColumnTotals (N)

251 375 85 87 71 869

DF = 36 Chi-square = 113.08 Probability = 0.001a

aProbability of exceeding the chi-square value by chance.

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86

Table 11: Frequency Distribution and Chi-square Analysis forCalifornia Achievement Test Total Arithmetic

DecilesVoc.


HomeEcon.

powTotals

10 15 63 9 2 4 93

9 3 12 7 0 3 25

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6 14 16 4 1 2 37

5 10 11 7 3 2 33

4 15 26 11 11 5 68

3 11 17 2 3 5 38

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ColumnTotals (N)

102 193 58 28 30 411

DF= 36 Chi-square = 68.98 Probability = 0.001a

aProbability of exceeding the Chi-square value by chance.

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Figure 46:

Percentage Distribution of Curriculum Samples by T)eciles on the CAT--Total Arithmetic

Table 12: Frequency Distribution and Chi-square Analysis forCalifornia Achievement Test - Mechanics of English

DecilesVoc.


homeEcon.

RowTotals

10 48 189 39 17 20 313

9 18 38 8 15 6 85

8 25 46 9 12 9 101

7 31 35 12 14 14 106

6 35 28 5 7 4 79

5 27 12 5 6 1 51

4 24 11 4 7 8 54

3 27 9 2 6 6 50

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ColumnTotals (N)

250 375 85 87 71 868



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Figure 47:

Percentage Distribution of Curriculum Samples by Deciles on the CAT -- Mechanics of English

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Table 13: Frequency Distribution and Chi-square Analysis forCalifornia Achievement Test - Spelling

DecilesVoc.

Tech.Acad. Sec. Pus.

HeEcoomn.

RowTotals

10 18 79 16 9 14 136

9 31 89 21 16 13 170

8 16 28 13 4 3 64

7 27 48 13 12 6 106

6 0 0 0 0 0 0

5 34 40 7 14 10 105

4 35 38 9 10 6 98

3 40 27 4 14 9 94

2 35 21 2 5 6 69

1 15 5 0 3 4 27

ColumnTotals (11)

251 375 85 87 71 869

DF = 36 Chi-square = 98.89 Probability = 0.0013


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Figure 48:

Percentage Distribution of Curriculum Samples by Deciles on the CATSpelling

Table 14: Frequency Distribution and Chi-square Analysis forCalifornia Achievement Test - Total Language

DecilesVoc.Tech.

Acad. Sec. Bus.HoEcmeon.

RowTotals

10 9 78 21 6 9 123

9 7 24 14 2 6 53

8 10 23 5 2 3 43

7 13 21 J 4 1 44

6 9 10 4 3 0 26

5 11 7 1 3 2 24

4 21 13 6 5 1 46

3 12 8 2 2 2 26

2 7 7 0 1 6 21

1 3 2 0 0 0 5

ColumnTotals (N)

102 193 58 28 30 411

DF = 36 Chi-square = 93.35 Probabili, = 0.001a


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Figure 49:

Percentage Distribution of Curriculum Samples by Deciles on the CAT--Total Langtiege

10

94

Table 15: Frequency Distribution and Chi-square Analysis forCalifornia Achievement Test - Total

DecilesVoc.


Home

Econ.Row

Totals

10 45 126 25 7 13 216

9 20 68 9 9 8 114

8 10 25 10 3 2 50

7 27 40 13 11 7 98

6 23 29 9 11 4 76

5 21 16 5 8 5 55

4 31 22 6 15 10 84

3 15 9 6 8 5 43

2 29 13 1 8 8 59

1 10 4 0 2 4 20

ColumnTotals (N)

231 352 84 82 66 815

Chi-square = 117.15 Probability = 0.001a


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Percentage Distribution of Curriculum Samples by Deciles on the CAT--Total

910

96

Table 16: Frequency Distribution and Chi-square Analysis forFather's Educational Level

Father'sEd. Level

Voc.


HomeEcon.

RowTotals

0 thru 5 yrs. 1 2 1 1 0 5

6 thru 8 yrs. 33 22 10 15 11 91

9 thru 11 yrs. 73 61 14 24 17 189

H.S. Grad. 153 201 57 46 38 495

13 thru 15 yrs. 8 54 6 5 7 80

Col. Grad. 13 33 3 3 3 55

Grad. Work 4 18 1 1 4 28

Column285 391 92 95 80 943Totals (N)

DF al 28 Chi-square = 74.94 Probability = 0.001a

Table 17: Frequency Distribution and Chi-square Analysis forFather's Occupational Level

Father'sDoc. Level

Voc.


HomeEcon.

RowTotals

1 1 8 1 0 1 11

2 9 25 0 3 5 42

3 35 98 16 16 10 175

4 104 109 31 26 21 291

5 116 131 40 45 30 362

6 13 11 6 3 6 39

Retired 8 1 1 1 3 14

Unemployed 1 9 1 2 0 13

ColumnTotals (N)

287 392 96 96 76 947

DF .. 28 Chi-square = 63.93 Probability = 0.001a

aThe probability of exceeding the chi-square value by chance.

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FORMAL EDU.1ATION COMPLETED BY FATHER

Figure 51: Percentage Distribution of Curriculum Samples by Father'sEducational Level

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aCategories "R" and "U"

3 4 5

OCCUPATIONAL LEVEL

of Curriculum Samples

represent Retired and

6 Ra

by Father's

Unemployed.

aU

99

Table 18: Frequency Distribution and Chi-square Analysis forMother's Educational Level

Mother'sEd. Level

Voc.Tech.

Acad. Sec. Bus.HomeEcon.

RowTotals

0 thru 5 yrs.

6 thru 8 yrs.

9 thru 11 yrs.

H.S. Grad.

13 thru 15 yrs.

Col. Grad.

Grad. Work

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290 407 96 101 83 977


Table 19: Frequency Distribution and Chi-square Analysis forMother's Occupational Level

Mother'sOcc. Level

Voc.


HomeEcon.

RowTotals

0 2 0 0 0 2

2 12 33 1 1 0 47

3 9 18 3 1 3 34

4 47 62 16 12 5 142

5 33 44 16 14 8 115

6 197 252 64 75 67 655

Retired 1 0 0 0 0 1

Unemployed 0 1 1 0 0 2

ColumnTotals (N)

299 412 101 103 83 998



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FORMAL EDUCATION COMPLETED BY MOTHER

Figure 53: Percentage Distribution of Curriculum Samples by Mother'sEducational level

100

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OCCUPATIONAL LEVEL

Figure 54: Pereentage DistributionOccupational Level

aCategories "R" and "U"

of Curriculum Samples

represent Retired and

6 Ra

by Mother's

Unemployed.

102

Table 20: Frequency Distribution and Chi-square Analysis forFamily Income

Total FamilyIncome Ranges

Voc.


HomeEcon.

RowTotals

Did not know/did not wishto respond

166 233 75 85 65 624

0 to $2999 3 5 0 0 3 11

$3000 to $5999 30 13 8 3 5 59

$6000 to $8999 53 58 8 11 6 136

$9000 + 52 109 11 5 5 182

ColumnTotals (N)

304 418 102 104 84 1012


Table 21: Frequency Distribution and Chi-square Analysis forSex

Sex Voc.


HomeEcon.

RowTotals

Male

Female

298

14

208

214

2

102

10

96

2

85

520

511

ColumnTotals (N)

312 422 104 106 87 1031



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INCOME RANGE

Figure 55: Percentage Distribution of Curriculum Samples by Income

100

90

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104

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Figure 56: Percentage Distribution of Curriculum Samples by Sex

105

Table 22: Frequency Distribution and Chi-square Analysis forBirth Order

Order ofBirtha

Voc.


HomeEcon.

RowTotals

1 105 128 29 24 24 310

2 85 134 32 30 24 305

3 62 90 27 27 15 221

4 31 36 9 10 8 94

5 11 21 3 10 2 47

6 10 6 1 1 8 26

7 3 4 2 2 3 14

8 2 0 0 1 1 4

9 1 2 0 0 2 5

10 0 1 0 0 0 1

11 0 0 0 1 0 1

12 1 0 0 0 0 1

Column ill

Total (N)311 422 103 106 87 1029

DF = 44 Chi-square = 64.80 Probability = 0.002b

aThree cases where the subject was the thirteenth child or lligherin his family were not included in the table.

bThe probability of exceeding the chi-square value by chance.

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Figure 57: Percentage Distribution of Curriculum Samples by Birth Order

Table 23: Frequency Distribution and Chi-square Analysis forNumber of Children in the Family

Number ofChildrena

Voc.

Tech.Acad. Bus. .

HomeEcon.

RowTotals

1 23 19 5 5 3 55

2 58 97 17 20 10 202

3 60 100 34 23 26 243

4 55 84 20 18 12 189

5 52 64 13 14 10 153

6 26 30 5 12 10 83

7 17 10 5 4 4 40

8 8 10 2 4 4 28

9 4 3 2 3 2 14

10 2 3 0 0 1 6

11 3 2 0 1 5 11

12 0 0 0 2 0 2

13 1 0 1 0 0 2

Column309 422 104 106 87 1028Totals (N)

DP1348 Chi-square = 80.71 Probability = 0.002b

aFour cases where there were more than 13 children in the familywere not included in the table.

bThe probability of exceeding the chi-square value by chance.

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NUMBER OF CHILDREN IN THE FAMILY

Figure 58: Percentage Distribution of Curriculum Samples by Total Numberof Children in the Family

109

Table 24: Frequency Distribution and Chi-square Analysis forNumber of Hobbies and Interests

Number ofActivities

Voc.


HomeEcon.

RowTotals

0 10 9 1 3 2 25

1 32 41 4 11 6 94

2 68 78 31 28 18 223

3 50 94 24 30 24 222

4 56 91 25 23 21 216

5 47 50 12 5 8 122

6 29 33 4 3 6 75

7 11 16 2 3 0 32

8 4 8 0 0 2

9 2 2 1 0 0 5

10 1 0 0 0 0 1

11 1 0 0 0 0 1

12 1 0 0 0 0 1

Column312 422 104 106 87 1031Totals (N)


aThe probability of exceeding the c'i-square value by chance.

30

28

26

PE 24RC

E 22

NT

F

20

L8

C

16RR

I 14C

UL 12

U

10

S

A1.1

P

LE

110

KEYVoc. Tech.Acad.Sec. _ _ __

Bus. I./1mm

Home Econ. -

1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

NUMBER OF HOBBIES AND INTERESTS

Figure 59: Percentage Distribution of Curriculum Samples by Number of

Hobbies and Interests

111

Table 25: Frequency Distribution and Chi-square Analysis forIdealistic Education Plans

Plan toVoc. Home Row

Attend Acad. Sec. Bus.Tech. Econ. Totals

College

Yes 146 346 43 34 41 610

No 151 65 60 69 42 387

Column297 411 103 103 83 997

Totals (N)


Table 26: Frequency Distribution and Chi-square Analysis forRealistic Education Plans

Plan toHome Row

Attend HOC' Acad. Sec. Bus.Tech. Econ. Totals

College

Yes 116 278 30 19 22 465

No 171 106 71 84 60 492

Column287 384 101 103 82 957

Totals (N)



C

URRI

C

ULUM

100

95

90

85

80

75

70

65

60

55

50

45

40

35

30

25

20

15

10

5

0

112

KEY

11111

I

Voc. Tech. IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHAcad.

Sec. I I-1Bus. IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIINIIIIIL

IN Home Econ.

MI1.ig

a IIMIal

MINIMlMINIMMINMINIMMINIMWOOMINIMMINIM

1131IIIII

1.1 iMINIMlMIMI

11IMI=lIMMOl Mi

In0111.1lMINIM...

11,

MI.....-....

.....

..... - MI-

... mi-- INI

iii-111

_- a-- --- aIdealistic

EDUCATIONAL PLANS

Realistic

Figure 60: Percentage Distribution of Curriculum Samples by Educational

Plans

Table 27: Frequency Distribution and Chi-square Analysis forGrades Repeated

Grades Voc.Repeated Tech.

Acad. Sec, Bus,Home RowEcon. Totals

None 209 367 91 81 61 809

1st thru 3rd 36 20 2 11 10 79

4th thru 6th 21 5 2 6 7 41

7th thru 9th 11 4 1 3 2 21

More than10 1 0 i 0 12

one grade

Column287 397 96 102 80 962Totals (N)

BF-. 16 Chi-square = 72.27 Probability = 0.001a

Table 28: Frequency Distribution and Chi-square Analysis forPersonal Traits

TraitsVoc.Tech.

Acad. Sec. Bus.Home RowEcon. Totals

5

4

3

2

1

12 80 14 3 8 117

32 78 24 9 5 148

177 733 55 55 42 512

25 19 2 6 5 57

8 3 1 0 1 13

ColumnTotals (N)

154 363 96 73 61 847

DF 16 Chi-square = 80.37 Probability = 0.001a


bThe values 5 to 1 represent a scale from high to low on therelative strength of the subject's personal traits ac jt.dgedby his teachers.

F

C

URRI

C

UL

UM

S

AMPL

E

70

65

60

55

50

45

40

35

30

25

20

15

10

5

0

114

I

KEYVoc. Tech.

I

.

. Acad.Sec.-Bus.

Econ.

.

Home ----

\.\

\ N .

.

.

.,.,

V.--=..

\ ..\

\

1-3 4-6

GRADE RANGES

7-9

KEY

Voc. Tech. 1111111111111111111

Acad.

sec.IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII

Bus. 11111111111111111111

Home Econ. MINIM

NINONil

E--vi---i 1U

nil=MIY1.1110

MOM

Morethan one

% of samples whofailed at least

one year

Figure 61: Percentage Distribution of Curriculum Samples by Grades Repeated

72 KEYVoc. Tech.

68Acad.

PE 64R

60EN 56T

520

48

44

40

I

36

32

28

24A

20

16

12

4

0

Home Econ. --

:kka LEVEL

Figure 62: Percentage Distribution of Curriculum Samples by Level of

Personal Traits

REFERENCES

Altoona Area Chamber of Commerce, Altoona Pennsylvania.

Altoona City Planning Commission, Master Plan, 1972.

Altoona City Planning Commission, Master Plan Reports,, Numbers 1, 2, 4,5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12, 1968.

California Achievement Tests Manual: Complete Battery and SeparateReading, Arithmetic, and Language Tests. Junior High Level -Grades 7-8-9, WXYZ Series. California Test Bureau: Monterey,California, 1963.

California Achievement Test: Technical Report, 1957 Edition, 1963Norms. California Test Bureau: Monterey, California, 1967.

Crites, John O. "The Measurement of Vocational Maturity in Adolescence:I. The Attitude Test of the Vocational Development Inventory."Psychological Monographs, American Psychological Association, 1965.

Crites, John O. The Maturity of Vocational Attitudes in Adolescence.Iowa City, Iowa: University of Iowa, 1969.

Espenshade, A. Howry. Pennsylvania Place Names. The Pennsylvania StateCollege, 1925, Evangelical Press, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.

Impellitteri, Joseph T. and Jerome T. Kapes. The Measurement of Occupa-tional Values. University Park, Pennsylvania: Department ofVocational Education, The Pennsylvania State University, VDS Mono-graph Number 3, September, 1971.

Roe, Ann. The Psychology of Occupations. New York: John Wiley andSons, Inc., 1956.

U.S. Bureau of the Census, General Social and Economic Characteristics,Final Report PC (1) - C40 Pennsylvania, U.S. Government PrintingOffice, Washington,D.C., 1971.

United States Department of Labor, Manual for the General Aptitude TestBattery Section III: Development. U.S. Government PrintingOffice, Washington,D.C., 1967.

VOCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT STUDY SERIES

Impellitteri, Joseph T. and Jerome T. Kapes. A Longitudinal Study ofVocational Development: Implications for Vocational Education andGuidance. University Park, Pennsylvania: Department of VocationalEducation, The Pennsylvania State University, VDS Monograph Number 1,July, 1971.

Kapes, Jerome T. The Relationship Between Selected Characteristics ofNinth Grade Boys and Curriculum Selection and Success in TenthGrade. University Park, Pennsylvania: Department of VocationalEducation, The Pennsylvania State University, VDS Monograph Number 2,August, 1971.

Impellitteri, Joseph T. and Jerome T. Kapes. The Measurement of Occupa-tional Values. University Park, Pennsylvania: Department ofVocational Education, The Pennsylvania State University, VDSgraph Number 3, September, 1971.

Enderlein, Thomas E. An Examination of the Relationship of SelectedStudent Variables to Vocational-Technical Shop Achievement.University Park, Pennsylvania: Department of Vocational Education,The Pennsylvania State University, VDS Monograph Number 4, February,1972.

Kapes, Jerome T. and Leo W. Lotowycz Changes in the Occupational Valuesof Students Between Ninth and Tenth Grade as Related to Course ofStudy and Other Student Characteristics. University Park, Pennsylvania:Department of Vocational Education, The Pennsylvania State University,VDS Monograph Number 5, April, 1972.

O'Reilly, Patrick A. Evaluation of In-School Success Criteria for Voca-tional-Technical Students. University Park, Pennsylvania: Depart-ment of Vocational Education, The Pennsylvania State University,VDS Monograph Number 6, May, 1972.

Btantner, Seymour T. and Thomas E. Enderlein. A Comparison of Vocationaland Non-Vocational High School Dropouts and Retainers. UniversityPark, Pennsylvania: Department of Vocational Education, ThePennsylvania State University, VDS Monograph Number 7, June, 1972,

Martin, Randall B. Relationships Between Holland's Vocational PreferenceInventory and Vocational-Technical Student Achievement. UniversityPark, Pennsylvania: Department of Vocational Education, ThePennsylvania State University, VDS Monograph Number 8, October, 1972.

McAlister, Bernard M. Curriculum Selection and Success of Tenth GradeGirls as Related to Selected Ninth Grade Characteristics. UniversityPaik, Pennsylvania: Department of Vocational Education, ThePennsylvania State University, VDS Monograph Number 9, March, 1973.

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