IGCSE Business Studies

2.3.1 The methods of recruiting and selecting workers

Learning Outcomes

• The main stages in recruitment and selection of staff

• Difference between internal and external recruitment

• To be able to recommend and justify which employees should be appointed

• Benefits and Limitations of part-time and full-time workers

Today’s lesson is sponsored by…..

Why is recruitment important?

• The success of a firm depends to a great extent on the people it employs

• Labour is usually the single biggest cost a firm has• The recruitment process is time consuming and

can be expensive• It is therefore essential that the firm recruits the

right people

When do firms need to recruit new workers?

Why do firms recruit?

• Expansion – more workers required.• Change – new workers are required with different

skills• Replacing workers who have been promoted• Replacing workers who have left the organisation

2 minutes - DiscussWhy might workers leave an organisation?

Why do workers leave?

• Retirement• Move area• Better pay• Better job security• Promotion in another firm• dismissal

The process of hiring new workers

The process of hiring new workers is called….

Recruitment and Selection

Whiteboard Task:In pairs write a chronological list of the steps that you think this process will include

Task

• Put these stages of the recruitment into the right order.

Decision that new staff are needed

Draw up Personspecification

Draw up Job Description

Advertise the job

Read applications

Shortlist applicants

Interviews

Offer the job

Jobadvertisement

The full recruitment process

Re-advertise?

Checkreferences

Selection

CV orapplication

form

Interview(& test)

Personspecification

Job

description

Job

analysis

EmploymentContract

THE JOB ANALYSIS PROCESS

Job Analysis

• The process of scrutinising the job and verifying:

• The roles and responsibilities of the job• The skills, qualifications and attributes

needed• The rewards needed to attract the right

candidates• From this analysis the job description

and person specification are drawn up

Job Descriptions

• Job descriptions are a document that is drawn up to include details about a job

• What details might be included?• Working hours• Pay• Line Manager• Duties

A job description might look like this……

Innocent LtdJob title: Cow van mechanic Department: Operations Hours of work: 40 hours per week Salary: £12,000 – £16,000 Duties & responsibilities: 1. Fix mechanical problems with the ‘cow’ vans.2. Service, maintain and clean the vans regularly.3. Keep records logging all problems and fixes to the vans.

Person SpecificationsWriting a person specification involves looking at the job description and then thinking about the characteristics needed of the person to do the job

This could include:qualifications (necessary and desirable)

experience (what jobs they should have done before)

skills (teamwork, good organization, typing, etc.)

attributes (personal qualities and characteristics).

Task

• Watch the video Starbucks video…… • Write a job description/person specification for a

Starbucks Barista using the templates provided.• If there is any information that you are not sure

of, then make it up! But……• BE REALISTIC

ATTRACTING THE RIGHT CANDIDATES

Example Job Adverts

What is included in a job advert?A job advert usually summarises the details included in the job description and the person specification:

the name of the business or organization

job title and (sometimes) salary

a description of what the job involves

how to apply.

Job adverts should be:

• Truthful• Relevant• Accurate• Positive• Short

Homework Task

• Create a Job advert for a Starbucks Barista • The advert should be approximately ¼ of A4 size• Think carefully about the format and the wording

you use

There will be a house point and some chocolate for the most realistic adverts

Advertising the vacancy

• The firm now has to decide where to advertise the job

• This will depend on whether they are going to recruit internally or externally

Where might they advertise?

THE APPLICATION PROCESS

The Application Process

• What do businesses usually ask candidates to do if they want to apply for a position?

Applications are normally made by a combination of:

• Application Form• Curriculum Vitae• Covering Letter

• What would be the benefits of using an application form rather than CV?

Task

• Look at the Starbucks application form• Why do you think they have chosen an

application form rather than a CV?• Why have they asked these particular questions?• Can you suggest any questions they could add to

make their form better?

NOW – Fill in the application form

THE SELECTION PROCESS

The selection process includes:

• Shortlisting• Interviews• Testing

Short listing

– The HR manager will sieve through all the resumes and forms and pick out suitable candidates.

– They will create a short-list of people from all the applicants.

– This short-listing process will involve comparing the CV’s of the applicants to the job description.

– From there, you select people to interview.

Interviews

• Telephone• Skype• Face to Face• Panel

Why are interviews important?

The purpose of Interviews:

• To find out more information about the candidate• To see if the candidate will fit in with the company

culture• To assess if the candidate has the personal

qualities needed to do the job

Good Interviews:

• All candidates are asked the same core questions• Additional questions maybe added to query

details on the application• Ask behavioural and situational based questions

Some typical interview questions for a teaching job…..

• Why have you applied for the job?• What can you offer the school?• Give an example of a successful lesson

that you have taught• Where do you see yourself in 5 years

time?• What are your strengths and

weaknesses?• What would you do if……..?

Things Interviewers are looking for?

• Physical appearance • Attainments• Intelligence• Skills• Interests• Temperament and disposition• Motivation• Circumstances What are the limitations of the interview process?

Task – In pairs

• Write a list of 6 questions that Starbucks might use in an interview for baristas

• Add them to the google doc

Task

• Two of the group will take the positions of HR managers for Starbucks

• You will need to prepare 6 questions to ask the applicants

• The other applicants will apply for a job• Who will be shortlisted? Who will impress at

Interview?

Other possible stages of the recruitment process

How else might businesses assess whether a person will be very good at a job?

Other tests

• Psychometric Tests• Aptitude tests• Intelligence tests• Presentations• Group activities• Work Related Tasks

These might be done at an Assessment CentreWatch the EU assessment centre video to see how these things roll!Why might businesses choose to run an assessment centre rather than just do interviews?

References

• These are 2 referees who can vouch for the candidate.

• A final security check• Can be written or verbal

• Why might a previous employer give a good reference to an unsuitable candidate?

Selecting and appointing the candidate

After the interview process, each candidate is reviewed and the business selects and appoints the most suitable person.

This can involve a lot of discussion if there have been several people involved in the recruitment process

Successful and unsuccessful candidates will be informed of the decision

Contract of Employment

• Job title• Job role• Date of commencement (and sometimes end

date)• Hours and days of work• Rate and method of pay• Holiday and sick pay entitlements• Pension plan details• Disciplinary procedures• Notice period• Names and signature of employer and employee

RECRUITMENT TASK

• The following advert appeared in a local newspaper. Is this a good job advert? Why?

Trainee Journalist NeededTrainee journalist wanted immediately for local weekly newspaper. The ideal candidate for the job will have a minimum of 5 GCSE’s or equivalent, including

English, and must be able to demonstrate a good knowledge of current affairs as well as a keen interest in sport. Hands-on experience of computers is essential and an

understanding of desk-top publishing systems would be an advantage.

If you have the ability to work on your own and as a member of a team we would like to hear from you. In return we offer a two year training scheme leading to a nationally qualified qualification.

Call 01909 201 386 for an application form

JD or PS?

Which of the following would appear on the job description and which would appear on the person specification? a. job title b. qualifications c. skills  d. salary e. working hours f. personal qualities

Name two advantage of issuing an application form rather than asking for CV’s?

WHO SHOULD GET THE JOB? AND WHY???????

Paula• Aged 41• Married• One daughter age 17• 5 O levels in English,

Art, French, German and Maths

• Seven years experience as a secretary

• Certificates in shorthand and typing

• Five short stories published in magazines

John• Aged 18• Unmarried• No children• 5 GCSE’s including

English• A levels in English

and Business Studies

• Experience of Windows XP

• Edited school magazine

• Selected for trial with county cricket team

Omar• Age 31• Divorced• 2 children age 3

and 5• Eight GCSE’s

including English• City and Guilds

certificate in Media Techniques

• Worked for charities for 10 years

• Articles published in African newspapers

INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL RECRUITMENT

What is the difference?

Internal Recruitment

This refers to the filling of job vacancies from within the business - where existing employees are selected rather than employing someone from outside.

How would a business go about advertising a vacancy internally?

Staff notice boards

Intranets In house

magazines and newsletters

Staff meetingsEmail notifications

WHAT ARE THE ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF RECRUITING INTERNALLY?

Internal Recruitment

Advantages Disadvantages

1.

3.

2.

5.

4.

3.

2.

4.

5.

1.Gives existing employees greater opportunity to be promoted

May help to retain (keep) staff who might otherwise leave

Requires a short induction training period Employer should know more about the internal candidate's abilities

Usually quicker and less expensive than recruiting from outside

Not as many people apply

External candidates might be better suited / qualified for the jobAnother vacancy will be created that has to be filled

Internal Politics

Dead Wood

External Recruitment

This refers to the filling of job vacancies from outside the business.

How would a business go about recruiting externally?

Employment/ Recruitment agencies

Headhunters

Job centresAdvertising

Milk Round

Personal Recommendation

External Recruitment

Advantages Disadvantages

1.

3.

2.

3.

2.

1.Fresh Ideas

Wider Experiences

Larger Pool of candidates

Time Consuming

Expensive

Larger degree of uncertainty

4. Longer transition period into the role

PART TIME VS FULL TIME WORKERS

Key Point….

In Europe there is a part time working directiveThis states that…

Part time workers must receive comparable treatment to full-time staff It aims to eliminate obstacles to part-time working and recommends employers to adopt certain measures so as to take account of employees' preferences as regards flexible working arrangements.

Full-time workers

• What is considered to be full- time?

• What are the advantages of hiring full time workers?

• What are the disadvantages of hirning full-time workers

Part time workers

• What is considered to be part- time?

• Who are part-time workers likely to be?

• Why might more people want to work part-time now than in the past?

• What are the advantages of hiring part time workers?

• What are the disadvantages of hiring part-time workers

What is this cartoon implying?