IFRC Shelter & Settlement Department Shelter Centre Meeting 10b Version 230309 International...

IFRC Shelter & Settlement Department Shelter Centre Meeting 10b Version 230309 International Federationof Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies

Owner-driven Housing Reconstruction Guidelines (ODHR)

Sandra D’Urzo, Shelter Department [email protected]


Where does ODHR come from?:

• Participatory methods are not new and called in many different ways – but their acceptance and wide use are still not ‘mainstreamed’

• ODHR guidelines capitalize on the post-tsunami experience of CRRP in Sri Lanka and the impact this has had

• ODHR guidelines institutionalize this approach within the RCRC Movement as the ‘by default’ approach to post-disaster reconstruction.

• ODHR Guidelines benefited from many contributors of different organisations


What is owner-driven reconstruction?

““ODHR programmes assist identified ODHR programmes assist identified families and communities to rebuild families and communities to rebuild homes that are safe and meet or homes that are safe and meet or exceed established technical exceed established technical requirements, in an integrated requirements, in an integrated approach centered on the affected approach centered on the affected families as families as informed decision-makersinformed decision-makers” ”


1. Participatory process of decision-making2. Adequate technical support3. Adequate financial assistance

The reconstruction programme integrates community infrastructure needs, livelihoods needs and vulnerability to future disasters (DRR).

What are the fundamental requirements for ‘implementing ODHR’?


The PRINCIPLES FOR ODHRThe PRINCIPLES FOR ODHR

• 1. Participatory process of decision-making

• 2. Appropriate technical support

• 3. Appropriate financial assistance

• 4. Government recognition of ODHR and policy/advocacy on reconstruction

• 5. Principles of DRR and building safe environments

• 6. Participation and technical support requires access

• 7. Reconstruction extends beyond housing

• 8. Addressing security of tenure

• 9. Informed decision making

• 10. Responsible resettlement


What kind of assistance will the programme provide?


Community mobilization and

organization, formation of groups where appropriate

(CDCs)

Activities

$

ODHR team

Collection of data, advocacy and

protection of rights,

STEP 1

Plan of Action

STEP 2

Support to prepare for activities

(including trainings and workshops)

STEP 3

In instalments

STEP 4

Quality control, technical support, inspections, certifications

Hire/provide labour,

purchase materials, supervise

works

Monitor Implement

Family manages individual

house constructio

n

Community manages communal

infrastructure projects


The Guidelines will take you through the entire process…

1. SECTION. what is ODHR?2. SECTION. Programme Development3. SECTION. Participatory Process4. SECTION. Technical Assistance5. SECTION. Financial Assistance

Each has: • General Considerations• Assessments and Planning• Implementaion

ANNEXES: ie. how to prepare an MoU or a Community Contract, BoQs in local language, progress payment certificates, construction progress reports etc


Strengths of ODHR?

• Sense of ownership, self-esteem > actors of change

• Cash flow stays within the communities

• Community better understands vulnerabilities and can engage with local authorities

• Personalization of designs, variety of built environment > use of top-up funding if sustainable

• Care and maintenance plans

• Lower unit cost, reduced overheads. BUT ODHR requires high level of HR/family

• Quick in construction phase BUT slow in start-off phase


These depend on a number of questions:

will families use the grant for its intended purposes? Allow flexibility of construction schedules, support financial management to minimise delays and drop-outs

will the quality of construction remain acceptable in all houses? Reduce the n. of houses /supervisor, ensure all understand quality standards

who will the families turn to if the house fails due to poor quality of construction? LIABILITY may be transferred irresponsibly to families!. Quality is joint responsibility among partners. Designs need to be certified!

will poorer families be able to complete their houses? To care and maintain them? Allow portion of grant to cover daily needs of poorest families. Understand ‘who is in change’ (and will benefit from trainings)

will suppliers , contractors and labourers take advantage of these?More frequent visits, support hiring contractors/other families who can help (social inclusion process), build in contingencies.

Potential risks (and mitigation)


Assessment and Planning – a crucial phase

- understand institutional framework- roles and responsibilities- define programme resources (HR for comm team, technical team, programme support)

- prepare time plan and budget considerations- define management structure, monitoring and evaluation

ALL THIS IS COMPLEX: YOU DON’T HAVE TO DO IT ALONE!


Typical project cycle – 14 months

•Preparation

•Planning & Community Mobilisation

•Housing Construction

•Community Contracts

•Livelihoods Planning

•Project Completion


Individual housingauto construction

Common equipments

Water sanitation

> mur constructif

> connexion future

Green spaces

Roads and infrstaructures

> espace public

> habitations existantes

Shelters and settlements


Example of houses built under CRRP in SL


What next?...

IFRC Shelter & Settlement Department Shelter Centre Meeting 10b Version 230309 International Federationof Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies There is a lot of knowledge out there…


The important is how to learn from it and how to communicate it!


Next steps

Start a training on ODHR (online, distance learning? residential?) funded by BrRC

disseminate the Guidelines to teams working in ongoing reconstructions (ie. Haiti, Pakistan, Vietnam…)

link it to other initiatives (Urban guidelines, PCR tools etc)

get feedback from practitioners to make a final version (2012).


Profile of ‘ideal’ Shelter programme staff implementing ODHR:

NGO experience – Previous work experience or knowledge of NGO culture can help in ensuring that technical staff may support NGO values of learning and consensus building.

housing experience – Finding an engineer or contractor who has experience in residential construction projects is difficult in many poor countries, but worth seeking out.

knowledge of management tools – Familiarity with construction scheduling, GANT charts, material management, and logistic requirements are important skills for technical staff.

sketching vs. Auto-CAD – Younger engineers are often more proficient in using computers as design tools than pencil and paper, which can handicap their ability to visually communicate with beneficiaries and non-technical staff.

training vs. giving orders – Engineers and contractors typically know how to ‘boss’ people around, and may find it difficult to adopt a softer approach that involves teaching - rather than telling - people what to do. (‘soft.-skills’)

participation vs. production - Balancing the dual needs of meeting construction deadlines and encouraging participation is a frequent challenge in reconstruction housing projects, and requires flexibility and patience.

Awareness of cross-sectoral themes – ie. Gender, climate changes and DRR…


Exis

ting t

ools

and

guid

elin

es

What kind of tools can inform your work?

Check for….

a large number of guidelines on post-disaster housing reconstruction exist , the issue is how to implement them

RC project on Fednet database and NS publications on specific or generic programmes

social and low-cost housing experiences in the countries you go to and construction guidelines

online technical sheets like Practical Action, open ‘libraries’ like

www.sheltercenter.org, www.un- habitat.org www.openarchitecturenetwork.org, www.archnet.org,

Among others!


Images / E. Saleil

…different forms of engaging people….partner up with communities rather than just inviting their participation


It’s up to you now….thanks!

IFRC Shelter & Settlement Department Shelter Centre Meeting 10b Version 230309 International...

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