Ielts Writing Task 2 Anatomy
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Transcript of Ielts Writing Task 2 Anatomy
8/15/2019 Ielts Writing Task 2 Anatomy
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IELTS WRITING TASK-2: ANATOMY OF ANEXCELLENT ESSAY
TUE SDAY, MARCH 22, 20 16
Do you know that many candidates follow a tradition to answer IELTS writing task-2
(academic)?
The Tradition: irst! they think a"out too many #oints to answer the $uestion%%%then write those
ideas&#oints one after another%%%%and make it a 'ungle of words that "ecome difficult to read%
Incredi"le tradition% ou should try it%
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Le##o! /: $e*elo. Fo'u#e% 0aa+a.h with Cohee!'e
5lright! "efore we get into all the details! let6s get a glim#se of a ,ery common $uestion I usually
get from my su"scri"ers8
So here is the fact.%
It takes too long to finish%
Do you know why?
It ha##ens when you try to #resent too many ideas in your writing%
9ut! you dont ha,e time for this (:* minutes allowed for Task-2)
That make sense! why should not gather too many #oints%
It`s simply = waste of energy + waste of time.
ou can write ; or more "ody #aragra#hs after the introduction%
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9ut! limit the focus to one distinct idea%
ou should8
<ut only one main idea #er #aragra#h
5dd ;&= more sentences #er #aragra#h%
Start each "ody #aragra#hs with one focus or ma'or #oint of discussion and then #ut other
sentences to create a logical "ridge%
In this way! the entire #aragra#h will concern itself with a single focus%
If you write like this- it will "e easily understanda"le to the eaminer%
ou are not getting it clear?
If Im right...%%
Let me gi,e you a sim#le formula8 <ie >ethod%
<IE method8
< - <oint
I - Illustrate
E E#lain
<oint8 >ake a strong #oint as e#ressed in the to#ic sentence or claim statement@
Illustrate8 Ai,e some #ractical e,idences@
E#lain8 Show how the&these e,idence su##orts the #oint%
1ow to wite 0oi!tTo.i' Se!te!'e3
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our to#ic sentence is the most im#ortant sentence of the #aragra#h%
It should contain8 a single idea or to#ic B your o#inion (a"out that idea)%
or eam#le8
Cnline education has "ecome more #o#ular form of distance education in recent years%
In this case! the to#ic is8 online education your o#inion is8 it has "ecome more #o#ular in
recent years%
emem"er that! a good to#ic sentence should not "e too general or too s#ecific%
Too general: Cnline education has "ecome ,ery #o#ular%
Too specific: Cnline education has "ecome ,ery #o#ular form of distance education in Fa#an!
3hina! GS5 and 3anada where almost 2= + of the enrolled students in any institution #refer
online%
0ow! you ha,e to illustrate the idea e#ressed in the to#ic sentence%
1ow to Illu#tate the To.i'3
or illustration! you need to #ro,ide some eam#les that su##ort the to#ic sentence% These
eam#les will hel# you to ela"orate to#ic sentence%
or instance! look at #re,ious #oint8
HCnline education has "ecome more #o#ular form of distance education in recent years%
ou need to come u# with some reasons why online education "ecomes #o#ular%
Like8
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Students ha,e freedom to take lessons from home! they dont ha,e to "e #resent themsel,es
#hysically in the lecture room% The e#erience of ,irtual learning en,ironment ,ia the internet
whene,er needed makes it time inde#endent% or many learners! it #ro,ides the a"ility to
maintain #ersonal "usy schedules and take classes at the same day%
1ow to E4.lai!3
0ow! you ha,e illustrated the to#ic with reasons%
Its the time to ela"orate how the eam#les connect to your #oint%
Ctherwise! the eaminer may "ecome o,erwhelmed with too many eam#les you ha,e #ro,ides
.may think your eam#les does match the #oint you,e mentioned at the "eginning of the
#aragra#h%
Thats why you need to make it clear in one sentence! like "elow8
These flei"ility of online learning make it a ,ery #owerful and #o#ular medium of education%
It is interesting to notice how the entire #aragra#h is focused on a single to#ic- the #o#ularity of
online learning%
Thats the key #oint- write each #aragra#h on 'ust one single to#ic%
Don6t include a new to#ic&idea in this #aragra#h%
rite a se#arate #aragra#h for a new to#ic%
emem"er! each new #oint should ha,e its own #aragra#h%
Let take an eam#le of IELTS (5cademic) writing $uestion taken fromofficial IELTS #age%
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Lets agree with the #oint that Hthe "enefit of nuclear technology far outweighs the
disad,antage.and write a #aragra#h a"out it%%%as "elow8
Jst "ody #aragra#h8
0uclear #ower is ,ery en,ironment friendly source of energy with almost no car"on foot#rint%
(Point)%or eam#le! 5ir #ollution from coal! oil and gas #ower #lants is ,ery high and
contri"utes to significant en,ironmental and health ha7ard% 9ut! nuclear #lants ha,e 7ero
emission and do not cause air #ollution% 5lthough! it #roduces some radioacti,e waste "ut it can
"e managea"le "y isolation without any en,ironmental damage% (Illustration)This flei"ility of
nuclear #ower make it a ,ery #otential source of clean energy% (Eplanation)
0ow you want to write a"out another ad,antage of nuclear energy@ like8 low fuel cost%
K0uclear #ower is ,ery en,ironment-friendly and chea# source of energy with almost no car"on
foot#rint%
ou should not write a"out low fuel cost in the Jst #aragra#h8
ather! you should add this #oint (low fuel cost&chea#) in a separate paragraph8
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2nd "ody #aragra#h8
0uclear technology is also ,ery chea# source of energy that "rings the cost down (Point)% The
cost of uranium which is used as a fuel in generating electricity is $uite low% 5 little amount of
uranium can #roduce much energy com#are to thousands of tons of coal or #etroleum needed to
#roduce the same energy% (Illustration)These technological ad,antages make it more economic
o#tion than others% (Eplanation)
Le##o! 2: State+i'ally 5#e Cohe#i*e $e*i'e# i! theLiteatue
Aood English users do two things ,ery well when writing IELTS essay8
!irst! they identify what is "eing asked in the $uestion%
"econd! they #ut J**+ effort to answer this in the "est #ossi"le way%
9ut! theyre #ro"a"ly wondering8
Khy I do not get a well enough "and score though I write it ,ery wellK
ou might "e wondering8
Khat is missing when they write is so well?K
ell! today I6m going to make it easy for you%
5ll you need to do is a little twist "y adding some elements of transition and sign#ost in your
task-2 essay%
What i# Si+!.o#ti!+3
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ou may see traffic signs around the streets of a city%
These signs hel# you to find your way%
The IELTS eaminer is also kind of walking through your essay and looking for such signs%
ou need to use #hrases and words as a sign to guide the eaminer to remind where you #lan to
go net.
ou can use single words such as /owe,er6! urthermore6 and inally6! and #hrases such as
9y contrast6 and In conclusion6
That6s easy%
5nd what ha##ened?
<eo#le 10C a"out the intention of your net sentence.#resent your essay as clearly as
#ossi"le%
our IELTS eaminer will get im#ressed%
The reality is this8 you will get a hike in writing "and score for satisfying the cohesion marker%
What i# Ta!#itio!3
Transitions are usually longer #hrases or whole sentences to indicate Kthe shiftK of focus from
one idea to the net%
>ost often you will write a"out Hcause and effect! H#ro"lem and solution or Hcom#arison and
contrast in IELTS writing task-2%
0ow if you really want to satisfy the eaminer. and ensure that he&she S3CE you "etter.
you should deli,er transitional #hrases%
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/ere6s how8
#$ause % Effect
Due to &9ecause of&5s a conse$uence of "urning more and more fossil fuels! the concentration of
greenhouse gas is increasing in the atmos#here%
#Pro&lem'solution
Cne suggestion to hel# sol,e the #ro"lem is.....%5n alternati,e solution could "e..
#$omparison and contrast
In s#ite of a##arent glo"al warming! few strategies ha,e "een taken to minimi7e the ad,erse
effect%
Cn the other hand&on the contrary! #eo#le are o#ting for more usage of fossil fuels in the long
run%
5nd that6s it%
ou see% It AETS 9ETTE.
Le##o! 6: 0o*i%e Su&&i'ie!t 0oi!t#
5s I said8 ou don6t need to think a"out TCC >G3/ #oints to write in your IELTS writing task-
2 essay%
Its necessary "ecause-often you can come out with a list of #oints concerning the essay%
.Instead of #ut down these long list of #oints in your essay-make it short%
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Ctherwise! youll ne,er find time to write them all%
Cften its a good #ractice to write down ; or : good ideas down the essay%
Then 'ust start to flow around these ideas in ; to : "ody #aragra#hs following <IE >ethod%
9ut wait%
/ere6s where things get sticky.
Sometimes our mind is "lank.you canMt think of anything%%% you are looking at task-2 $uestion
again and again "ut cant come u# with any idea to start%
3ynical! yes! "ut still true%
Its called writer "lock% It ha##ens in IELTS writing test.
hat is the solution?
The solution is8 Mind Mapping%
The 0owe o& Mi!% Ma..i!+ i! IELTS
hen you try to answer to the $uestion! you need to generate s#ontaneous ideas%
>ind ma##ing hel#s you to generate those ideas%
hen you write down one idea! it o#ens the door of your mind "y e#osing what lies "eneath%
Ill e#lain%
Lets take a ty#ical eam#le of our #re,ious $uestion8
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They can use the "lank #a#er and di,ide it into three hori7ontal areas%
rite each of the key words in the essay8 nuclear wea#on6! world #eace6 and threat one after
another%
hy ; CDS?
Cur "rain is hardwired to catch three items at a time! which is why this techni$ue works so well%
5fter lay out these keywords ,isually! find the main ideas #resented in the $uestion! which is8
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The threat of 0uclear wea#on maintains the world #eace%
0uclear energy #ro,ides chea# and clean energy%
Let your mind start to flow around and o,er these main ideas%
3reate some su##orting (or contrasting) ideas yourself%
5sk / Nuestions like "elow8
/ow&why nuclear wea#on maintains the world #eace.since when.
/ow&where nuclear energy #ro,ides chea# and clean energy
ou e,entually come u# with #oints like8
0uclear wea#on maintains #eace (when)
Since the /iroshima 9om"ing of 2nd orld ar%%
0uclear wea#on maintains #eace (why)
<eo#le&3ountry fear of com#lete annihilation
5,oid war among countries ha,ing nuclear wea#on
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>aintain glo"al #eace."y the "alance of #ower%
ou see%
The GLE C T/EE is working..%oull "e flooding with #oints and ideas.
ou may "e wondering that you may come u# with a short list%
9ut! it is not true%
In fact! when you write down 'ust one idea! the list will follow automatically "y o#ening layer
after layer like an onion%
ou can then con,ert those small hints of an idea into a fully grown sentence%
So this #rocess will hel# you to access things you already know@ and it will hel# you to think
a"out where to get e,idence to "ack u# what you know%
It6s a "it like a cooking reci#e%
ou look at the reci#e to see what ingredients are needed to write your IELTS essay%
hat to do with your mind-ma# afterward%%%
5nd that leads me to my net #oint.
Le##o! 7: 0e#e!t Clea A+u8e!t#
HI s#eak English% Therefore! I am English%
(/eck! e,en if you S<E51 English! you are not English "ecause may"e you are not "orn in
England)
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Aenerally! when we talk! its not "ased on logic or e,idence%
9ut! in the academic contet! you need argument%
5rgument means to #ersuade someone of something with reasoning%
(riginal argument:
I was "orn in England
I s#eak English%
Therefore! I am English%
(/eck! e,en if you,e 9C0 in England S<E51 in English! you are not English "ecause
may"e your #arents and grand#arents are not "orn in England or you may "e "rought u# in the
GS5)
/ere! I need to "ack u# the claim.I am English with more e,idence logic%
Thats eactly what you need to do in your IELTS riting Task-2%
<resent strong and clear argument%
The eaminer will look forward how well your answer is argued%
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1ow to wite #to!+ a!% 'lea A+u8e!t3
>ore than 2!*** years ago the Areek #hiloso#her 5ristotle e#lained ; "asic ways to make an
argument8 ethos! logos! and #athos%
Areek farmers used this strategy for a##ealing their cases to Areek courts%
This classical argument model has stood as a model for writers o,er thousands of years%
ou can ,isit this link if you are curious a"out it%
9ut first! let me tell you how you can initially "reak through and succeeded with this method%
This is the holy grail of making an effecti,e argument-
Hor each #oint you raise in your essay! you must either refute or concede%
The rules are sim#le8
ou need to acknowledge and dis#ro,e that are counter to the thesis of your essay%
What i# Co!'e##io!3
This means you need to acknowledge the other side&differing #oints of ,iew on the IELTS essay
to#ic% >aking concessions #ro,es that you understand "oth sides of the issue%
What i# Re&utatio!3
5 refutation is where you #ro,e the counter-arguments wrong and e#lain why you do not agree
with it with su##orti,e e,idence%
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Le##o! 9: 0e#ua%e E4a8i!e with E&&i'ie!t O+a!iatio!
o& 0aa+a.h#
ight now% ou ha,e finish mind-ma##ing and come u# with list of ideas or #oint%
Don6t wait for a Hcom#lete list% Don6t wait for things to look #erfect%
Start writing your essay right away when you can list three or four "road ideas%
If you fail to write your ideas in clear! organi7ed massages! you are at risk for8
.not achie,ing task res#onse
.and not getting a high "and score%
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Cff course! you cant write your ideas randomly.you need to organi7e them in #aragra#hs%
riting and organi7ing good #aragra#hs is one of the most im#ortant as#ects of creating a well-
organi7ed and de,elo#ed essay%
5 classic format for writing is the fi,e-#aragra#h essay%
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5s a matter of fact! it is not the only format that eists@ there are others like four or si #aragra#h
essay model%
9ut! I think fi,e-#aragra#h is more useful in writing IELTS writing task-2 essay% ou ask?
Lets see why%
Take a look at this image closely! and then I6ll walk you through it%
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In this agree or disagree essay! lets agree with the #oint of ,iew #resented in the $uestion%
ou can organi7e your #aragra#hs as "elow8
<aragra#h J R Introduction
<aragra#h 2 R Descri"e how nuclear wea#on maintains word #eace
<aragra#h ; R Descri"e how nuclear #ower #ro,ides chea# and clean energy
<aragra#h : R Show how these "enefits far outweigh the odds%
<aragra#h = R 3onclusion
That makes it clear why = #aragra#h structures are useful in IELTS%
Nuestion is.
/ow 3an ou 5ctually rite all these = <aragra#hs?
or that! let6s di,e dee#er.
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1ow %o I wite a! e&&e'ti*e i!to%u'tio!3
5n ecellent IELTS essay has a solid introduction%
In introduction you clarify the $uestion and state how you are going to e#lore it%
In a way! it ser,es as a Mroad ma#M of the essay%
ou can follow this "asic #attern (reci#e) for writing introduction #aragra#hs8
;a< A! i!to%u'toy #tate8e!t ;What the )ue#tio! i# aout<
This sentence should "roadly state the to#ic of the $uestion%
ou can sim#ly do it "y 'ust 7ooming in to a s#ecific idea from the "road conce#t #resented in
the $uestion%
/owe,er! you should not include8-
..too many details
..co#y the same words of the $uestion
/a,e a look at this eam#le8
)uestion:
HIf countries are serious a"out sol,ing traffic #ro"lems! they should ta #ri,ate cars ,ery hea,ily
and use the money to #ro,ide free or ,ery chea# rail tra,el%
To what etend do you agree or disagree with the a"o,e?
Introductory statement:
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>any nations are facing massi,e (s#ecific-how serious) traffic congestion in their cities
(s#ecific)%
;< I%e!ti&y you 8ai! i%ea
/ere you write how you feel a"out the whole issue of the $uestion%
<icture this8
The congestion makes tra,el difficult and causes en,ironmental damage% In order to sol,e this
#ro"lem! it is necessary to esta"lish alternati,e solutions%
;'< Outli!e #tate8e!t ;1ow you ae +oi!+ to a!#we it<
Gntil now! you write a"out the general to#ic and the facts surrounding the to#ic%
0ow! you need to state what you will "e arguing.what you are going to co,er in your essay%
/ow a"out this8
KIn my o#inion! the "est way to finance the de,elo#ment of #u"lic trans#ort is to ta car dri,ers%K
Thats it%
Thing J8 ou ha,e cleared the to#ic of the essay
Thing 28 ou ha,e said s#ecific concern relates to the to#ic
Thing ;8 ou ha,e clearly state what you are going to e#lore in this essay%
1ow to wite o%y .aa+a.h#3
ou ha,e stated what you are going to discuss generally in the last sentence of your introduction%
0ow! you should e#lain! discuss or #ro,e this%
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ou should mo,e from general to s#ecific information%
ou can do this in se,eral "ody #aragra#hs%
The "ody #aragra#hs are the heart of your essay% It is essential for writing an ecellent essay%
/ow to write it?
I,e already discussed it earlier in <IE >ethod%
9ut the $uestion remains8 should you 'ust write ; #aragra#hs using <ie formula%
0o%
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There is more you should concern%
That is.%
ou may include ; "ody #aragra#hs in your IELTS essay."ut all these ; must ha,e some
coherence and unity%
That said%%
ou should maintain a flow of transition%
Aet it?
Im taking a"out using transition signals "etween #aragra#hs%
I,e already discussed it in *esson : "trategically ,se $ohesi-e e-ices%
9ut! that was a"out using transitional words within the indi,idual sentences of a #aragra#h%
/ere! I will discuss how to use it from one #aragra#h to the net%
If you write ; or : "ody #aragra#hs! you need to show the relationshi# "etween your first! second
#aragra#hs! "etween second and third #aragra#hs! and so on%
Two #aragra#hs are linked "y adding a transition signal to the to#ic sentence of the second
#aragra#h%
This transition signal may "e a word! a #hrase! or a de#endent clause that re#eats or summari7es
the main idea of the first #aragra#h%
This acts as a hand-off from one idea to the net%
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So! Instead of treating #aragra#hs as se#arate ideas! transitions can hel# readers understand how
#aragra#hs work together! reference one another! and "uild to a larger #oint%
>any times! it only takes a few words to draw these connections%
Lets a##ly this in the eam#le I,e mentioned while descri"ing <IE method%
RR Last line of first "ody #aragra#h8
KThese flei"ility of nuclear #ower make it a ,ery #otential source of clean energy%K
RR irst line of second "ody #aragra#h8
K5nother im#ortant thing to note a"out the flei"ility of nuclear technology is its chea#ness%K
(Instead of%%%%%%%0uclear technology is also ,ery chea# source of energy that "rings the cost down)
1ow to wite Co!'lu#io!3
5 lot of IELTS candidate write the essay so well "ut finish it with a half-"aked conclusion%
5n ecellent IELTS essay has strong finishes! where the conclusion is one of the most #owerful
com#onents of the essay%
If your conclusions aren6t #owerful! then theyMll weaken your whole essay%
Luckily! itMs not too com#licated Fut write what you,e already write%
ou can e,en follow a sort of formula%
ou can write your IELTS essay conclusion "y following ; #arts8
;a< Re#tate the Ge!eal I%ea
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ou can start "y restating the general idea made in the introduction% It reminds the eaminer the
,ery "asic idea "ehind writing your essay%
;< Su88ay o& %i#'u##e% .oi!t#
<ro,ide J or 2 strong sentences that draw together all the #oint% It will "uild a relationshi#
"etween the general idea and the e,idence #ro,ided in the essay%
It also reminds the eaminer the ideas that ha,e "een argued in all #re,ious "ody #aragra#hs%
;'< 0o*i%e #o8e i!#i+ht#
/ere is the golden rule%
DonMt try to "ring in new #oints at the end of your conclusion or try to sol,e any #ro"lem%
Fust #ut some suggestion for future research in a clear! con,incing message%
/ere you #ro,ide some insights or o,er,iew future #ossi"le research that a reader can "e awareof after reading your whole essay%
O!e la#t thi!+ =
If you are reading this and come to this end! #lease dont get confused%
Dont "e "affled with long list of to do things I #resent here for your IELTS task -2 wrting%
I made a free! easy to follow and eye catching checklist for you that will hel# you #ut these
strategies into action for your IELTS essay%
It outlines ste#-"y-ste# eactly how to use the techni$ues that I talked a"out in this #ost.
including a "onus ti# that I didn6t include here%
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/ere6s where you can download the checklist8