IEEE 802.11u Interworking & Vertical HandoverC7%D1%BF... · 2012-03-20 · 3G Core network and WLAN...
Transcript of IEEE 802.11u Interworking & Vertical HandoverC7%D1%BF... · 2012-03-20 · 3G Core network and WLAN...
IEEE 802.11u Interworking & Vertical Handover
Youn-Hee [email protected]
School of Internet-MediaKorea University of Technology and Education
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OutlineEvolution in Communication SystemsWLAN Interworking with Other Networks
WLAN vs. 3G
Goal of WLAN & 3G Integration
Architectural Issues for WLAN & 3G Integration
Scenario of WLAN & 3G Integration
WLAN/WMAN Handover Scenarios
IEEE 802.11u StandardizationIntroduction & History
Expected Technical Results
Research Trends & Conclusions
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Mobile Communication RoadmapMobility
HighSpeed
LowSpeed
4 G4 G
802.11b
CDMA2000, EV-DO/DV
W-CDMA(UMTS, FOMA), HSDPA
2.4 GHzWLAN
802.11a/g
CDMA/GSM/TDMA
WPANHigh speed
WLAN
MediumSpeed
WiBro802.16e
Wi-Max5 GHz WLAN
Bluetooth
RFIDZigBeeUWB
1995 2000 2005
<100 Mbps~ 14.4 kbps <10 Mbps384 kbps144 kbps
AMPSETACSJTACSNMT PAN
Data Rates
2010+
1G( Analog )
2G( Digital )
3G( IMT2000 )
3G+
<1 Mbps
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4G Mobile Communication Network
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Heterogeneous Network Operation
Fast, Reliable andFast, Reliable and QoSQoS GuaranteedGuaranteedSeamless Active HandoffSeamless Active Handoff
Always Best ConnectedAlways Best ConnectedUbiquitous NetworkUbiquitous Network
CDMA2000CDMA20001X/DO/DV1X/DO/DV
WCDMA/WCDMA/HSDPAHSDPA WLANWLAN WIBROWIBRO BluetoothBluetooth
UWBUWB
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Standardization Organization
QoS support during handover
UTRAN WLANCDMA2000
WiBro WLAN
IP based mobility support method
Network architecture
Access network selection algorithm
L2 Trigger for L3 handover
Power management for multiple interfaces
IEEE802.21/16g
IETF
3GPP 3GPP2
IEEE802.11u
연동network
이종망연동을위한요소기술
ITUNGN
KRnet 20067
OutlineEvolution in Communication Systems
WLAN Interworking with Other NetworksWLAN vs. 3GGoal of WLAN & 3G IntegrationArchitectural Issues for WLAN & 3G IntegrationScenario of WLAN & 3G IntegrationWLAN/WMAN Handover Scenarios
IEEE 802.11u StandardizationIntroduction & History
Expected Technical Results
Research Trends & Conclusions
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Goal of WLAN & 3G IntegrationWLAN
Low cost, high data rate, small coverageDesigned for low terminal velocity (non-contiguous spots)Office, Stations, Department store, Subway etc.
3G Cellular NetworkHigh cost, medium data rate, large coverageEven a fast moving vehicle can use on-line browser
Characteristics 3G 802.11b (WiFi) 802.11a (WiFi5)Typical end-user Bit-rate < 2 Mbps < 5 Mbps < 10 Mbps
Typical range of stationary user 3-5 Km (dense urban area) 50-60 m 10-20 m
Handover Yes Limited Limited
Security High Low – being improved
Low – being improved
Coverage Wide area -contiguous
Hot spots – non contiguous
Hot spots – non contiguous
Mobility High speedStationary,Nomadic
Stationary,Nomadic
Service Voice and data Primarily data(VoIP)
Primarily data(VoIP)
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Goal of WLAN & 3G Integration
이종망 연동의 동기
‘높은 이동성 + 낮은 전송속도 vs. 낮은 이동성 + 높은 전송속도’ 두 가지방향으로 기술 발전 (e.g. Mobile network vs. Nomadic network)단일 접속망 기술로는 다양한 환경 및 다양한 서비스 요구 (e.g. 이동성 정도, QoS 요구량, 전력 소모량 등)에 대해 효율적으로 지원이 불가능하다.최근 활성화 되고 있는 무선랜 망을 통한 3G 서비스의 확대 제공
향후 General heterogeneous network 사이의 연동을 위한 기반 제공
목적
사용자 및 service 요구사항과 상황에 맞는 최적화된 접속망을 사용.3G 사용자 정보 및 인증 방법을 이용한 무선랜 서비스 이용
3G 서비스 (e.g. VoIP, Multimedia Service)의 무선랜을 이용한 제공
이종 접속망 간의 이동성 (Handover) 지원
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[K. Salkintzis, et. Al., “Common radio resource management for WLAN-UMTS integration at radio access level,” Proceedings of the IST Mobile & Wireless Communications Summit 2005, Dresden, Germany, June 19-23, 2005]
Architectural Issues for WLAN & 3G Integration
Very Tight Coupling
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Tight Coupling
[K. Salkintzis, et. Al., “ WLAN-GPRS Integration for Next-Generation Mobile Data Networks,” IEEE Wireless communications, Vol. 9, Issue 5, pp. 112-124, Oct. 2002.]
Loose Coupling
Architectural Issues for WLAN & 3G Integration
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Tight Coupling Loose Coupling
Features WLAN access network and 3G access network share same core network
3G Core network and WLAN core network have each individual core network. Both core networks are
connected by gateway
Easy and Vertical Handover(Paging, Billing, etc.)
& Improved handover performance
Both access providers can save money by using the other's network without
changing their own network
3G Access Provider don't need to build another core network for WLAN.
Just build WLAN hot-spotsSuitable for all WLAN technologies
Technically difficult to mergetunneling based (or switching based) complex 3G Core network and packet-
routing based WLAN network
Gateway can be a bottle-neck to the whole system performances
Only feasible if a single operator runs both networks
User profile might be transferred by network for billing and roaming, which might be serious problem for security.
Disadvantage
Advantage
Architectural Issues for WLAN & 3G Integration
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Scenario of WLAN & 3G Integration
[3GPP TR 22.934, Sep. 2003.]
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Scenario of WLAN & 3G Integration
시나리오 13GPP 시스템 변경 요구 사항 전혀 없음
인증 및 보안 관련 기능은 두 시스템 별로 독립적으로 수행한다.
고객 입장에서는 WLAN 혹은 3G 중 어느 서비스를 사용하건 간에 단일화된
요금관리 및 고객관리 서비스를 받는다.
시나리오 23GPP 시스템에서 제공되는 Authentication, Authorization, Accounting 서비스를 WLAN에서 같이 사용하는 형태
3GPP 시스템의 재사용으로 WLAN 가입자는 자신의 USIM 카드를 사용한 인증으로
WLAN을 사용할 수 있게 됨
시스템 운영자나 가입자 모두 시스템의 큰 변화 없이 최소한의 노력으로
3G/WLAN 서비스를 연동
WLAN, 3GPP 각각에 대하여 세션 서비스를 동시에 독립적으로 지원
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Scenario of WLAN & 3G Integration
시나리오 3운영자가 3GPP 시스템 PS (Packet Switching) 기반의 서비스를 WLAN 환경의
가입자에게 제공
IMS (IP Multimedia Subsystem) 기반 서비스, 위치기반 서비스, Instant messaging 등이 포함
3GPP 접속망과 WLAN 망과의 서비스 로밍은 지원
3GPP 접속망과 WLAN 망 사이의 서비스 연속성은 보장되지 않는다.이용 서비스에 대하여 사용자가 직접 단말기에 대한 재설정 필요
시나리오 4시나리오 3에서 제공되는 서비스가 WLAN과 3GPP 시스템 사이에 핸드오버를
하더라도 계속 유지되게 하는 것이다.이용 서비스에 대하여 사용자가 직접 단말기 재설정 필요 없음
적절한 레벨의 이동성 지원 기술 요구 (e.g. Mobile IPv4/v6)접속망의 변경을 사용자가 알 게 됨 (Seamless 성 보장 안됨) 세션 연속에 대한 서비스 품질 보장은 받지 못한다.
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Scenario of WLAN & 3G Integration
시나리오 5시나리오 4에서 제공되는 서비스에 대해 끊어짐이 없는 서비스 연속성을 제공하는
것이다. 끊어짐이 없는 서비스 연속성 (Seamless)은 접근 기술들이 바뀌는 동안에
데이터의 손실이나 정지 시간 등이 최소화되는 것을 의미
이때 사용자는 이런 중요한 변화를 알아차리지 못하게 된다.
시나리오 6WLAN 시스템에서 3GPP Circuit-switched service(예, 일반적 음성 전화)를이용할 수 있도록 함
WALN 시스템에 음성 전화의 Quality-level 또한 3GPP 에서 제공하는 것과
비슷해야 함
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WLAN/WMAN Handover Scenarios
Enforced Service ContinuityWhen one interface is (or will be) disabled, another connection is established to keep session continuityVHO Events initiated from lower layers: e.g. link down / link going downH/O Use Cases: 1 & 2
1
2
[Xiaoyu Liu and Youn-Hee Han, “Handover Scenarios and Use Cases between 802.16 and 802.11,” IEEE 802,21 Contribution,21-04-0098-00-0000-802.11_802.16_Handover_Scenarios.ppt, July. 2005.]
BS #1 BS #2
AP AP
AP AP
Operator’sBackbone Network
ASAServer
AP
APAP
AP
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BS #1 BS #2
AP AP
AP AP
Operator Backbone Network
ASA Server
AP AP
AP AP
AP
WLAN/WMAN Handover Scenarios
Policy Driven SelectionThe current interface is qualified while other interfaces are available, active session is switched from one interface to another driven by policies or smart decision makersA smart decision maker selects the optimal one based on user preferences and a set of policies.VHO Events initiated from upper layers or a policy engine module: e.g. link switchH/O Use Cases: 3 & 4
3
4
[Xiaoyu Liu and Youn-Hee Han, “Handover Scenarios and Use Cases between 802.16 and 802.11,” IEEE 802,21 Contribution,21-04-0098-00-0000-802.11_802.16_Handover_Scenarios.ppt, July. 2005.]
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OutlineEvolution in Communication Systems
WLAN Interworking with Other NetworksWLAN vs. 3G
Goal of WLAN & 3G Integration
Architectural Issues for WLAN & 3G Integration
Scenario of WLAN & 3G Integration
WLAN/WMAN Handover Scenarios
IEEE 802.11u StandardizationIntroduction & HistoryExpected Technical Results
Research Trends & Conclusions
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IEEE 802.11u - Introduction
Study Group IEEE 802.11 WIEN (Wireless Interworking with External Networks)2004.05 ~ 2004.11About 20~30 ParticipantsGoal
Creation of PAR (Project Authorization Request) and 5Criteria with the objective of producing an output document
Working GroupIEEE 802.11u2005.01 ~ presentAbout 30~40 ParticipantsChair : Stephen McCann (Siemens)Goal (of PAR)
The goal of IEEE 802.11u is to produce an amendment to the IEEE 802.11 standard to allow a common approach to interwork IEEE 802.11 access networks to external networks in a generic and standardized manner.
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IEEE 802.11u - History
- Continue with supporting documents(scenarios and requirements)
- Down selection procedure discussions (Timeline)
- Technical presentations
- Liaison to external groups
- Define scope and requirements
- Requirements and Terminology Drafting
- Define set of external entities to liaise with. (e.g., IEEE 802.21, IETF Mipshop) - Continue drafting
supporting documents (scenarios and requirements)
- Review an IETF draft from the Internet Architecture Board : Architectural Implications of Link Indications
- Formal adoption of functional requirements: Motions on 18 requirements
- Liaison letter written to IRTF MOBOPTS (IP Mobility Research Group)
- Timeline Discussion
Jan. 2005 July 2005May 2005March 2005
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IEEE 802.11u - History
- 14 pre-proposal submissions covering most of the functional requirements
- Call for Proposal (deadline: 17th February 2006 23:59 ET)
Sept. 2005
- Formal adoption of functional requirements
- Liaison letters written to 11 external organizations(3GPP, 3GPP2, IETF, FMCA, Wi-Fi Alliance, IRAP, GSMA IEEE 802.1, IEEE 802.16, IEEE 802.21, WiMAX Forum)
Nov. 2005
- Update of the functional requirements document
- Formal adoption of two supporting document(Scenarios and Assumption, Down Selection Procedure)
- Pre-proposals Presentation (Huawei/Intel, Siemens, Panasonic, STMicroelectronics, FMCA, Root Inc, Nokia)
Jan. 2006 March 2006
- Proposal Presentations with 19 submissions
- Update of functional requirements document
- Update of Scenarios and Assumptions document
July 2006, Formal Proposals(Normative Texts)
May 2006
- Presentations of Merged & Updated 12 Proposals
Nov. 2006, Letter Ballot
Downselecting
Harmonization
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TBTT
NDB NDB NMB NMB NMB
NetworkDiscoveryIE
LegacyBeacon Signal(NMB)
NDBNDB NDB
high load (use active)Low load Low load
Thll
Thll
Expected Technical Results
Multiple authenticationsSTA can be authenticated with multiple service provider networks through a single APExpected Solution: Virtual Link Concept (by Huawei)
Additional Info. Availability for Network SelectionSTA can discover whether the WLAN hotspot has a roaming agreement with their service providerExpected Solution (by Siemens, Nokia, LG…)
Passive: ESSID, Hashing, and Layered BeaconActive: New MAC Management Messages (Service Request/Response)
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Expected Technical Results
Emergency Call Service via WLANDefine IEEE 802.11 functionality which would be required to support an Emergency Call (e.g. E911) service.Expected Solution: New Signal Flow (by Interdigital, Siemens, Nokia)
Ongoing association (optional)
STA AP
EmergencyServices needed
Beacon (Emergency_Capability_IE)Or probe resp (Emergency_Capability_IE)
Disassociate
(Re)association_request (Emergency_Service_IE) or (Re)association_request (SSID=EMERGENCY)
Open Authentication(Re)association response (AID)
Emergency VoIP Call Setup
Track/segregate traffic with MAC/AID
Step-1
Step-3
Step-2
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Expected Technical ResultsMAC Address Anonymity
It’s a standard feature of modern cellular networks that observers can not determine the real identity of a phone.The same level of protection should be extended to IEEE 802.11.Expected Solution (by Nokia, LG, British Telecommunications)
ESS MAC Identifier (EMID), Association MAC Identifier (AMID)
QoS MappingProvide mapping from external QoS information, e.g. DSCP, to IEEE 802.11 specific parametersExpected Solution (by Siemens, Panasonic, T-Mobile…)
New field, QoS Mapping Set, in Association ResponseTraffic Segregation
TRAFFIC-SEG Request/Response frame
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Expected Technical Results
New Primitives for MIH (Media Independent Handover) Service
Input from IEEE 802.21Event
Link_Up, Link_Down, Link_Going_Down, Link_Going_Up…
CommandLink_Status_Polling, Link_Switch, Link_Power_Up/Link_Power_Down…
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IEEE 802.21 - Reference Model
MIH Reference Model for Mobile Stations with Multiple Protocol Stacks
MIH Key ServiceEvent ServiceCommand ServiceInformation Service
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MIH Function Key Service – Information Service
[PoA #1]Standards : 802 .11SSID: ---Channel : ---
[PoA #2]Standards : 802.16eService Provider : ---BSID: ---
[PoA #3]Standards : 802 .11SSID: ---Channel : ---
[PoA #4]Standards : GSMOperator Code _MNC: ---Cell_Identity_CID: ---
[PoA #5]Standards : GSMOperator Code _MNC: ---Cell_Identity_CID: ---
[PoA #6]Standards : 802 .16eService Provider : ---BSID: ---
[PoA #7]Standards : 802.11SSID: ---Channel : ---
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OutlineEvolution in Communication Systems
WLAN Interworking with Other NetworksWLAN vs. 3G
Goal of WLAN & 3G Integration
Architectural Issues for WLAN & 3G Integration
Scenario of WLAN & 3G Integration
WLAN/WMAN Handover Scenarios
IEEE 802.11u StandardizationIntroduction & History
Expected Technical Results
Research Trends & Conclusions
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Samsung’s View on B3G and 4G
High Mobility
Time
4G4G
2G2G3G3G
Mobile
Nomadic
Low Mobility
Revolution
Evolution
EvolutionWi-Fi
Wi-Max
W-PAN
GSM
IS-136
IS-95HSDPA
CDMA1x
WCDMA
GPRS
EV-DV
DMB
2005 2010+
IEEE802.16
IEEE802.11
Bluetooth UWB
B3G
IEEE802.16e
WiBro
2006 IT Forum Korea 발표내용 중
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Mobility Granularity
Horizontal Handover
Vertical Handover
Multiple Interface Management
Multiple Flow Management
A handover is initiated when mobile device exits the boundaries of an administrative domain. Single interface is used.
A mobile device does need to move in order to initiate a handover. Multiple interfaces are required, but use one interface at a time.
Simultaneous use of multiple interfaces and access networks. Association of an application with an interface
Ability to split individual flows between links with respect to the requirements of the flows and the user preferences
Com
plex
ity L
evel
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Mobility and Heterogeneity Problem Space
Mobility
Terminal Mobility Session Mobility Personal MobilityService Mobility Ad hoc Mobility Mode Mobility
Handover Management Location Management Contactablility Personalization
User Terminal Heterogeneity
Media Session HeterogeneityAccess Network Heterogeneity
Network Operator Heterogeneity Service Provider Heterogeneity
Terminal Interface Heterogeneity
Heterogeneity
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Key ChallengesScalability
Roaming from any access network to any other access network (2G, 3G, 4G, Wi-Fi, Wi-Max, Bluetooth, Satellite, Ethernet)
Cross-layer solutionsExtensions to layer 1 & layer 2 functionalities in order to optimize higher layer mobility architectures (MIPv4, MIPv6, SIP).
QOS guarantees during handoverNo disruption to user traffic
extreme low latency, signaling messages overhead and processing time, resources and routes setup delay, near-zero handover failures and packet loss rate
SecurityUser maintains the same level of security when roaming across different access networks.