ICT, Basic of Computer, Hardware, Various parts of computer hardware, What is hardware?, CPU Types
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Transcript of ICT, Basic of Computer, Hardware, Various parts of computer hardware, What is hardware?, CPU Types
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VARIOUS PARTS OF COMPUTER HARDWARE
#KaushalJigar
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What is hardware?
Hardware is the physical component of a computer system. It refers to the electromechanical parts and devices that make up a computer. Generally, hardware is categorized according to which of the five basic computer operation it performs:
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Computer Hardware Central Processing Unit - also called “The Chip”, a CPU,
a processor, or a microprocessor Memory (RAM) Storage Devices Input Devices Output Devices
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Computer Hardware Central Processing Unit - also called “The Chip”, a CPU, a
processor or a microprocessor Memory (RAM) Storage Devices Input Devices Output Devices
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Computer Hardware Central Processing Unit - also called “The Chip”, a CPU, a
processor or a microprocessor Memory (RAM) Storage Devices Input Devices Output Devices
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Computer Hardware Central Processing Unit - also called “The Chip”, a CPU, a
processor or a microprocessor Memory (RAM) Storage Devices Input Devices Output Devices
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CPU Types CPU or microprocessor is often described as the brain of
a computer. CPU is an integrated circuit or “chip” which processes
instructions and data. CPU types.
Intel Pentium II, III, IV Intel CeleronAMD Athlon
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CPU Types CPU speed is measured by the number of completed
instruction cycles per second Currently, CPU speeds range from 600 megahertz (MHz or million cycles per second) to 4 gigahertz (GHz or billion cycles per second).
Always check new software’s requirements for CPU type and speed before purchasing
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Memory (RAM)
RAM or Random Access Memory “Waiting room” for computer’s CPU. Holds instructions for processing data, processed data,
and raw data. Ram is measured by:
Capacity (in Megabytes or Gigabytes)Speed (in Nanoseconds)
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Memory (RAM) Amount of RAM installed will determine.
Which software applications will run (efficiently)?How many software applications can be open simultaneously (multitasking ability)?
RAM upgrades are cost-effective and easy to install.Check your computer manual for RAM type (DIMM, SDRAM) and speed (100, 90ns).
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Memory (RAM) All software applications will have RAM specifications
listed on their packaging. Many applications list both a minimum and a
recommended amount of RAM necessary to run the software.
Be cautious about buying software for a system based on minimum requirement.
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Storage Technology Electronic devices that store, retrieve, and save
instructions and data. Today’s microcomputers or PCs include several types of
storage devices. Capacity and speed are important considerations when
selecting a new storage device for a PC.
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Storage Technology Magnetic storage devices store data by
magnetizing particles on a disk or tape. They have a limited life-span of 1 to 5 years, depending on the device.
Optical storage devices store data as light and dark spots on the disk surface. They have an unlimited life-span.
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Storage Devices
Hard Disk Drives Capacity is measured in gigabytes (GB or billions of
bytes). Typically permanently installed. Used to store operating system, application software,
utilities and data. Magnetic storage device.
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Storage DevicesFloppy Disk Drives• Capacity is 1.44 to 2.0 megabytes (MB
or millions of bytes).– Storage device with the smallest
capacity– Most portable storage media
• Magnetic storage device.
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Storage Devices
CD-ROM Drives Typically installed on all new computer systems. (Were
add-on device until the mid 1990’s). Capacity is 600 to 750 megabytes
(MB or millions of bytes). Most mass-produced commercial software is packaged
on a CD.
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Storage Devices
CD-ROM Drives Used more often now for backup storage as CD-RW
(read/write) technology has become less expensive. Data is read from CD by a laser. Optical storage device.
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Storage Devices
Other Types of Drives Zip Drives – Several different capacities are available. Tape Drives – Generally used for system backups,
becoming less common. DVD drives – Can also read CDs, now more common as a
standard device on new computer systems.
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Input Devices Input is all information put into a computer. Input can be
supplied from a variety of sources:A personA storage device on computer Another computerA peripheral deviceAnother piece of equipment, such as a musical
instrument or thermometer
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Input Devices Input devices gather and translate data into a form the
computer understands. Primary input device:
Keyboard - Most common input device; used to type in commands and data.
Mouse or trackball enhances user’s ability to input commands, manipulate text, images.
Joystick useful in education as an adaptive or assistive input device.
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Input Devices Scanners are peripheral input devices which allow users
to import:TextGraphics Images
Specialized software aids in translating information into a format the computer can understand and manipulate.
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Input Devices
• Digital Cameras are peripheral input devices that allow users to create pictures and/or movies in a digital format.– Some require specialized
software to import images into the computer.
– Some record digital images directly to a disk that can be read by the computer.
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Output Devices
• Monitors are the most commonly used output device.• Most monitors use a bitmap display. – Allows user to resize the display.– Divides the screen into a matrix of tiny square “dots” called
pixels.– The more “dots” a screen can display, the higher the
resolution of the monitor.
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Output Devices
• Monitors are connected to a computer system via a port integrated on the video adapter or graphics card.
• Graphics cards convert digital data output from software to analog data for display on monitors. Typically have additional memory chips on card, 4MB to 64MB.
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Output Devices
Printers• Dot matrix – Seldom used in a classroom.– Still frequently used in business.
• Bubble or ink jet• Laser
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Output Devices
Projection systems or classroom TVs can display information from a computer system on a larger screen for whole-class instruction.
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Thank You…
#KaushalJigar
1. Kaushal Mehta … ..twitter@kaushalmehta962. Jigar Patel … .. twitter@jigarpatel_jp