ICT AND EDUCATION IN INDONESIA By: Paulina Pannen (IOU)
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Transcript of ICT AND EDUCATION IN INDONESIA By: Paulina Pannen (IOU)
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ICT AND EDUCATION ICT AND EDUCATION IN INDONESIAIN INDONESIABy: Paulina Pannen (IOU)By: Paulina Pannen (IOU)
The Philosophy and the PraxisThe Philosophy and the Praxis
The Reality and the PromiseThe Reality and the Promise
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ICT in EducationICT in EducationThe General PolicyThe General Policy
– 2006 Strategic Plan of MONE2006 Strategic Plan of MONE ICT is perceived to be strategic tools ICT is perceived to be strategic tools
– to bridge disparity of quality education across to bridge disparity of quality education across geographical areas in Indonesia, geographical areas in Indonesia,
– to open access and ensure equity, and to open access and ensure equity, and – to support the growth of knowledge-based Indonesian to support the growth of knowledge-based Indonesian
society with competitiveness towards globalization society with competitiveness towards globalization
computer literacy (access, computer and internet computer literacy (access, computer and internet skills) rate skills) rate
– among lecturers and students in higher education in among lecturers and students in higher education in the year 2009 is expected to be 80% and 50%, the year 2009 is expected to be 80% and 50%, respectively. respectively.
– At the school level, 65% teachers use computers, 20% At the school level, 65% teachers use computers, 20% write module, 10% web-based contentwrite module, 10% web-based content
the use of ICT for improving and developing the use of ICT for improving and developing instructional competency of teachers: one of the instructional competency of teachers: one of the program in improving educational quality and program in improving educational quality and relevance of teacher education in Indonesia. relevance of teacher education in Indonesia.
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ICT: current conditionICT: current condition Access to Internet: internet cafés, offices, Access to Internet: internet cafés, offices,
homes, schools and universitieshomes, schools and universities
Infrastructure: 50% of 72,000 villages no Infrastructure: 50% of 72,000 villages no telecommunication connection yettelecommunication connection yet
2,500 educational institutions are Internet 2,500 educational institutions are Internet users, 80% are secondary schools and 20% users, 80% are secondary schools and 20% are higher education institutions. are higher education institutions.
2006: INHERENT – 87 HEIs (from 2864 HEIs) 2006: INHERENT – 87 HEIs (from 2864 HEIs) are connectedare connected
2007: Jardiknas – ICT Center 277, MONE 2007: Jardiknas – ICT Center 277, MONE District Offices 474District Offices 474
National network infrastructure provided by National network infrastructure provided by the TELKOM (state owned plc)the TELKOM (state owned plc)– Combining terrestrial and satellite Combining terrestrial and satellite
connectionsconnections– Terrestrial: optical fiber, copper, digital Terrestrial: optical fiber, copper, digital
micro wave; (wireless and on-wire)micro wave; (wireless and on-wire)
YearYear Internet Internet user user
(Indonesia(Indonesia))
19981998 512.00512.0000
19991999 1.000.01.000.00000
20002000 1.900.01.900.00000
20012001 4.200.04.200.00000
20022002 4.500.04.500.00000
20032003 8.080.58.080.53434
20042004 11.226.1411.226.1433
20052005 16.000.0016.000.0000
20062006 18.000.0018.000.0000
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ICT in EducationICT in Education
PolicyPolicy– National ICT Council - chaired by National ICT Council - chaired by
the President (executive chairperson the President (executive chairperson is the Minister of COMINFO)is the Minister of COMINFO) Basic Strategies:Basic Strategies:
– ICT for education quality and accessICT for education quality and access– ICT for public services efficiency & ICT for public services efficiency &
transparency transparency – ICT for business sectors performanceICT for business sectors performance
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ICT in EducationICT in Education
NoNo..
PillarsPillars ICT Strategic roleICT Strategic role
1. 1. AccessAccess As media of learning across time and space As media of learning across time and space (open and distance learning):(open and distance learning):
Development of Jardiknas – National Development of Jardiknas – National Education NetworkEducation Network
Development of INHERENT – Indonesian Development of INHERENT – Indonesian Higher Education and Research NetworkHigher Education and Research Network
Development of TV-edukasi broadcasting Development of TV-edukasi broadcasting system and distributionsystem and distribution
3.3. GovernanGovernance, ce, AccountaAccountability and bility and Public Public ImageImage
Management of Integrated Information Management of Integrated Information SystemSystem
MONE Management of Information SystemMONE Management of Information System National Identification for schools, National Identification for schools,
teachers, and studentsteachers, and students National Education DatabaseNational Education Database Decision Support System Decision Support System
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ICT in EducationICT in Education
No.No. PillarsPillars ICT Strategic roleICT Strategic role
2.2. Quality, Quality, relevance, relevance, and and competitive- competitive- nessness
Implemented in the instructional (teaching Implemented in the instructional (teaching and learning) process:and learning) process:
TV-EdukasiTV-Edukasi Edukasi.NetEdukasi.Net E-bookE-book E-learning materials for schools and non-E-learning materials for schools and non-
formal educationformal education E-learning in Higher EducationE-learning in Higher Education
o E-learning content (GDLN, etc.)E-learning content (GDLN, etc.)o E-evaluation (EPSBED)E-evaluation (EPSBED)o Transborder Research and Education Transborder Research and Education
(SOI, AUN)(SOI, AUN)o Digital LibraryDigital Libraryo E-administrationE-administrationo Virtual LaboratoryVirtual Laboratoryo Video conferencingVideo conferencingo Open and Distance LearningOpen and Distance Learning
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ICT in EducationICT in Education
Master ICT Plan
(Schools & NF)
Collaborative
Effort
Focused Areas
Curriculum
Integration
Targets
First introduced- end 1990Establishment of School 2000 Project (2001-2005)
2008: 25% of teachers use computers, 10% build module
2010 : 65% teachers use computers, 20% build module, 10% web-based content
Infrastructure Budget Uneven ICT
Distribution
Implementation Constraints
Still in Senior High and Vocational SchoolsMore of application Eventually, teachers can managed DL to reach more masses
Allocation inadequateNot all schools have implemented ICT
Lack of awareness of decision or policy makers on benefits of ICTReluctance on adoptionLack of ICT policy implementers
Rural schools have much lack in all aspects: ICT for administration, for teaching learning, low band-width, etc
Ministry of National Education (MNE)Indonesian Telematics Coordinating Team (TKTI)Private Sector
Gradual assimilation beginning with High Schools More of ICT as a subjectHowever efforts to integrate are being made
Others English Language Lack of Training
New programs:Internet goes to schoolVendors program: microsoft, intel, cisco, acer, etc. OSOL
High cost of Internet AccessUnreliable dial-up connection Only 3 in 100 people have telephone linesLack of sufficient band-width
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ICT in EducationICT in Education Higher EducationHigher Education
– 2001, DGHE-MONE: Higher Education Strategies 2001, DGHE-MONE: Higher Education Strategies for ICT Development - guidelines for higher for ICT Development - guidelines for higher education institutions to initiate and develop ICT education institutions to initiate and develop ICT for the purpose of improving quality of education for the purpose of improving quality of education in their individual institutions. in their individual institutions.
– 2003 Higher Education Long Term Strategies 2003 Higher Education Long Term Strategies 2003-2010 (article 59): “The advancement of 2003-2010 (article 59): “The advancement of information and communication technology have information and communication technology have brought a variety of new schemes in carrying out brought a variety of new schemes in carrying out education process. In this regard, the DGHE as education process. In this regard, the DGHE as well as individual institution should prioritize the well as individual institution should prioritize the provision of ICT infrastructure to develop such provision of ICT infrastructure to develop such capacity”. capacity”.
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ICT in Education: JardiknasICT in Education: Jardiknas
Jardiknas configurationJardiknas configuration
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ICT in Education: JardiknasICT in Education: Jardiknas
Jardiknas configurationJardiknas configuration
Sekolah
Sekolah
SekolahSekolahSekolah
Satelit / TransponderInternet
Parabola TV Edukasi
ParabolaInternet
ICT Center Sekolah
Hotspot
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ICT in Education: JardiknasICT in Education: Jardiknas
KP
DLI
BDL
MO
PGL
PAL
SPT
PLK
TAR
SBS
TGT
BTM
MTR
PRE
SMR
SINGAPORE
BJM
MKS
TJN
BMA
to Songkhla (TIS)
PRG
SGT
TOW
KTB
BTG
BTR
SDH S-U-B Submarine
PDH S-U-B Submarine
Dmi-BtmSubmarine
CKPJKT
SLO BDG
CRB
PWTJR
PKL
YK ML
SM
SB
BW
MN
LSM
BNA
DSM
PG
PD
MELAKADMI
BN
MDN
JB
PBRBKT
MALAYSIA
DWDM HPBB Sumatera
SDH MicrowaveTJP-PG
PTK
SDH Ptk-TjnSubmarine
PKB
BPPEE Cross KalSDH Microwave
Cross KalPDH Microwave
TMB
BYB
GTL
MKWPAR - MOSDH Microwave
Trans SulPDH Microwave
LWK
DPR
NUSRAPDH Microwave
PDH MicrowaveTransum-1 & Crossum
DMCSSubmarine
JABALPDH Microwave
SDH NR & SR Jawa
Java Expand DWDM Optical Fiber
T-21 Optical Fiber
KDI
TELKOM 1 TELKOM 2
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ICT in Education: JardiknasICT in Education: Jardiknas
Jardiknas nodes Jardiknas nodes (2007)(2007)
Intranet Diknas Propinsi (Provinces) 34 NodeIntranet Diknas Kota/Kab (Districts) 462 NodeIntranet Unit Depdiknas (MONE) 119 NodeIntranet SKB (Learning Activity Center) 66 NodeIntranet Library dan National Museum 30 NodeIntranet ICT Center 440 NodeIntranet Campus Zone 300 NodeTotal 1.451 Node
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ICT in Education: JardiknasICT in Education: Jardiknas
Jardiknas programJardiknas program • Video Conference SystemVideo Conference System• Data Center (National School, Data Center (National School,
Students, Teachers number)Students, Teachers number)• Content: game online, digital Content: game online, digital
library, VOD, TV-edukasi, library, VOD, TV-edukasi, edukasi.netedukasi.net
• Web HostingWeb Hosting• Colocation ServerColocation Server• Akses Internet (up to 150 Mbps).Akses Internet (up to 150 Mbps).• Layanan Email (1 GB Mailbox – Layanan Email (1 GB Mailbox –
[email protected]@diknas.go.id))• Call Center & Helpdesk ServicesCall Center & Helpdesk Services
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ICT in Education: INHERENTICT in Education: INHERENT
UNSYAH
USU
UNRIUNIB
UNANDUNJA UNSRI
UNLAM
UNTIRTA
UT
DGHE
UI
ITBUGM
UNDIPITS
UB
UNUD
UNRAM
UNC
UNHAS
UNHALUUNLAM
UNMULUNG
UNSRAT
UNPATI
UNKHAIRUNTAD
UNPAR
UNTAN
UNIPA
UNCEN
155 Mbps8 Mbps
1 Mbps (redundant link)2 Mbps
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ICT in Education: INHERENTICT in Education: INHERENT Indonesian Higher Education Network Indonesian Higher Education Network
– Established in 2006 as the main backbone for Established in 2006 as the main backbone for Indonesian UniversitiesIndonesian Universities
– Comprises 32 local nodes (resided at major universities Comprises 32 local nodes (resided at major universities in each Province). in each Province).
– Each local node serves as the main hub connecting the Each local node serves as the main hub connecting the surrounding universitiessurrounding universities
– 2007: 150 HEIs are connected and actively participates2007: 150 HEIs are connected and actively participates
Aim: to improve higher education quality Aim: to improve higher education quality through:through:– application of ICT in HE learning and managementapplication of ICT in HE learning and management– improvement of networking and resource sharing improvement of networking and resource sharing
among HEIsamong HEIs– promoting innovative development in ICT applicationspromoting innovative development in ICT applications
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ICT in Education: INHERENTICT in Education: INHERENT INHERENT program:INHERENT program:
– Video-conferencingVideo-conferencing Coordination meeting, information dissemination, Coordination meeting, information dissemination,
seminar, workshop, trainingseminar, workshop, training
– Distance learningDistance learning Blended learning to full-fledge e-learningBlended learning to full-fledge e-learning Remote laboratory workRemote laboratory work
– Locally made application systems for academic Locally made application systems for academic and administration (open sources) in various HEIsand administration (open sources) in various HEIs Learning management systemLearning management system Knowledge management systemKnowledge management system E-library service systemE-library service system MIS for university academic and resources management MIS for university academic and resources management
systemsystem Grid computing initiatives for research Grid computing initiatives for research Utilizing the computing powers already connected to Utilizing the computing powers already connected to
InherentInherent
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COMMUNITY TELECENTER (CTC)
Sample Program: Sample Program: Pe-PP: Partnership for e-Prosperity for the PoorPe-PP: Partnership for e-Prosperity for the Poor
UNDP Project (in collaboration with UNDP Project (in collaboration with National Planning Agency, Indonesia)National Planning Agency, Indonesia)
Program: Program:
socioeconomic education health
AgricultureFisheriesFarmingProductionMarketing
Teaching Clinics(online)
tele-medicine
www.Klinikpembelajaran.com
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Pe-PP: Pe-PP: Partnership for e-Prosperity Partnership for e-Prosperity
for the Poorfor the Poor
Teaching ClinicsTeaching Clinics– For teachers in remote areas For teachers in remote areas
(professional development): (professional development): teachers forum and Q&A, teachers forum and Q&A, other pedagogical matters: other pedagogical matters: CAR, Supervision, etc. CAR, Supervision, etc.
– For public: how to use For public: how to use internetinternet
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Lessons LearnedLessons Learned
Policy and modelling Policy and modelling Collaboration (networking) and Collaboration (networking) and
logistical & administrative logistical & administrative consequencesconsequences
Infrastructure, hardware, Infrastructure, hardware, content/program, humanware, and content/program, humanware, and utilization (added values)utilization (added values)
Sustainability of the projectSustainability of the project
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Thank you for your kind attention