Design and Implementation of a PLC-Based Real-Time Monitoring and Control System

for a Hybrid Renewable Energy System

Presented by

G.Madhan

Ph.D Research Scholar

Bharathiar University

Coimbatore-46 1

Outline

AbstractIntroductionReportsMethodology Result and discussionReferences

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AbstractThe present study is about the design and implementation of

renewable energy by means of solar, small hydro and stair climbing power systems based on Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) and Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) technology.

The PLC technology correlates the hybrid system process parameters for the On-Grid and Off-Grid conditions.

The hardware and the software implemented in this proposed system have been put forward to demonstrate the validity and feasibility of the approach.

This renewable Hybrid Power Generation System (HPGS) proves to be a versatile and effective gadget for remote area and also for domestic applications.

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IntroductionNearly 1.2 billion people have no access to electricity in the

world, as per the report by the International Energy Agency (IEA). In India more than 80,000Villages are suffering without

electricity, particularly in the state of Tamil Nadu 400 villages are not getting electricity due to insufficient power production and due to economy [1].

In today’s world many research work is been carried out on renewable energy.

Electrical Energy is most wanted for day to day life and it is the ultimate factor for both industries and domestic usage

literature survey (2-20)4

Current Status

The installed power capacity in Tamilnadu is 11,884.44 MW.TN has installed renewable energy sources like wind, solar,

biomass up to 8219.67MW About 20 million consumers depends on electricity from TN

Government and gradually per unit rate are also increased.

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Methodology

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Hybrid power generation system (HPGS) sources are:Solar Small HydroStair Climbing

Solar panel:

Pmp-80W

Vmp-16.8V

Isc-5.28A

Voc-21V Fig 1. solar panel

Small Hydro:The Pelton wheel rotates automatically, when the water flows

from the under tank to the over tank. According to the water flow rate in the hydro power system,

the voltage is calibrated to 230V. This total setup is constructed and shown in below.

Fig 2. Small Hydro

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Stair Climbing:

In this system the stress induced in each step. For each rotation, the mechanical stress produced is converted into electrical energy based on the rotation of the motor setup.

Here the IR sensor is placed behind the pinion wheel, this sensor identifies the number of rotations for each step in this mechanism. The experimental output from this total setup is calibrated to 230Volt per step for every six rotation.

Fig.3 stair climb 8

Grid Type

OFF-GRIDIn the off-grid technology power from hybrid sources

will charge the battery backup and utilize this power through power MOSFET inverter.

ON-GRID In the on-grid technology, direct power source can be

utilized through AC-AC converter for minimum application.

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Equipment Used

Inverter circuit (600VA)Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (1000Watts)

(MOTEnergy. China)Crouzet PLC (CD-20.France)Serial communication (USB)Millinium 3 Software

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Flow chart

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Off Grid On Grid

YES

NO

INVERTER

BATTERY BACK UP

RELAY

IF BATTERY FILL

>220

PMAC/ SOLAR

START

Results

Day-1

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Table1. AC Power vs. DC power from solar module

Fig.4 Graph for Solar module

Day-213

Table2. AC Power vs. DC power from solar module

Fig.5 Graph for Solar module

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Table 3.Flow rate of small hydro system

Table 4.Output Voltage for stair climbing

Fig.6 Graph for Small hydro

Fig.7 Graph for Stair climb

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Frequency Response

Fig.8 Graph for Frequency Response

Experimental setup

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Fig.9 Experimental setup of HPGS

Conclusion The main objective of this paper is to supply consistent power

to the domestic application at an optimal cost. The experimental results shows more accuracy and high efficiency when compared to the energy supplied from the individual power unit.

The total power generated from this proposed hybrid power module was obtained around 600W.

It is anticipated that in future when a highly efficient PM synchronous motor along with a highly efficient solar panel is implemented the power production could be increased enormously which can be used for domestic and Commercial purposes thereby not depending on the power supply from the government.

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Thank you

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