Ice Age Unit Study · Megaloceros, cave hyenas, giant short-faced bear, giant rhinoceros, giant...

Ice AgeUnit Study

©2019 Randi Smith www.peanutbutterfishlessons.com

Subjects: Reading, Science, History,

Vocabulary, Writing

Teacher InstructionsThank you for downloading our Ice Age Study! It was created to be used with the books: What Was the Ice Age?, Magic Tree House Sunset of the Sabertooth, and/or Magic Tree House Fact Tracker: Sabertooths and the Ice Age . Here is what is included in the study:

Pages 3-9: Facts about the Ice Age: Notetaking sheets with answer key. (Works best with What Was the Ice Age?, but can also be used with the MTH Fact Tracker.)

Pages 10: Map of the World: Look up pictures of where the ice sheets were during the Ice Age and color them on your map.

Pages 11-12: Vocabulary Pages Write definitions to key vocabulary words.

Pages 13-15: Animal Notebooking Pages: Research a prehistoric animal.

Page 16-19: Timeline: Cut and glue events provided and/or write in your own.

0: Compare and Contrast: Neanderthals with Modern Humans

Page 21: Writing Prompt: A Day in the Life of Early Humans

Also refer to our post: Ice Age FREE Unit Study for:1. Videos about cave paintings, glaciers, prehistoric animals, first humans,

and plate tectonics.2. Directions to make your own glacier.3. A video to create your own cave painting.4. A link to a Plate Tectonics Puzzle. ©

2019 Randi Smith w

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.peanutbutterfishlessons.com

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When was the Ice Age? ____________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

What evidence is there for the Ice Age?_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

What was the earth like before the Ice Age? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

What were some prehistoric animals prior to the Ice Age? ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________

What animals lived during the Ice Age? __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Name: ___________________ ©2019 Randi Smith www.peanutbutterfishlessons.com

Facts about the Ice Age

Why were the animals so large during the Ice Age?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

What evidence do we have that these animals existed? _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

What early humans existed before us? ___________________________________________________

Name at least 3 facts you learned about them:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

When is it thought modern humans appeared?___________________________________________________

Name at least 3 facts you learned about modern humans: __________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Facts about the Ice Age (cont.)

What evidence do we have for Neanderthals and early modern humans? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

What are some ways that glaciers shaped the earth? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

What are some possible causes of the Ice Age? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

What is the greenhouse effect?_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________



When was the Little Ice Age and what happened?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

What do scientists believe about “Snowball Earth”?_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

How is our climate changing right now?___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________




Facts about the Ice AgeAnswer Key

When was the Ice Age? 2.5 million years ago. There were several small ice ages that made up The Ice Age. There was a Little Ice Age that occurred from the 1300s to mid-1800s.

What evidence is there for the Ice Age?Boulders left in fields (also known as glacier drift), glacier moraines, scratches in mountains, smooth sheets of rocks that were polished by the ice.

What was the earth like before the Ice Age? It was much warmer and wetter than now, much like a rain forest. Tropical weather spread as far north as Maine and temperate forests grew on Antarctica.

What were some prehistoric animals prior to the Ice Age? Basilosaurus, Brontops, and terror birds.

What animals lived during the Ice Age? Giant ground sloths, woolly mammoths, giant armadillos (Glyptodonts), saber-toothed cats, Megaloceros, cave hyenas, giant short-faced bear, giant rhinoceros, giant beaver, dire wolves, cave lions, Western camels, wild horses, cougars, musk oxen, polar bears, coyotes, raccoons, opossums, flying squirrels

Why were the animals so large during the Ice Age?The animals needed to stay warm and the larger they were, the easier it was to hold in body heat so many species adapted to the Ice Age by becoming larger.

What evidence do we have that these animals existed? Fossils preserved in tar pits such as the La Brea Tar Pits in Los Angeles. Cave paintings of animals also gives us evidence.


Facts about the Ice Age (cont.)Answer Key

What early humans existed before us? There is the most evidence for Neanderthals. (Other humans thought to have existed include: Australopithecines, Homo habilis, Homo erectus, and Heidelberg Man.)

Name at least 3 facts you learned about them:Neanderthals were shorter, stockier, and stronger than us. They used fur skins from animals to stay warm. They built fires in their caves and camps. They may have spoken to each other. They made wooden clubs and spears to hunt animals.

When is it thought modern humans appeared?40,000 years ago

Name at least 3 facts you learned about modern humans: They improved weapons (spear throwers) so they did not have to get so close to the animals they hunted. They also hunted and trapped smaller animals. They used bones to make weapons, tools, and houses. They burned animal fat for fuel. They made clothing with a needle and thread. They also created art.

What evidence do we have for Neanderthals and early modern humans? Neanderthal bones were first found in Germany in the 1800s. Tools have also been found. Cave paintings help us know a lot about early people.

What are some ways that glaciers shaped the earth? They pushed through mountains creating valleys, rivers, cliffs, fjords, and lakes, including the Great Lakes. They moved some of the rivers and caused huge floods. They left behind glacier drift and moraines.


Facts about the Ice Age (cont.)Answer Key

What are some possible causes of the Ice Age? The Earth’s orbit changed and took it further from the sun. Or the movement of the continents and oceans changed the climate. Or a change in the Earth’s atmosphere due to less carbon dioxide in the atmosphere may have allowed heat to escape the Earth.

What is the greenhouse effect?At night, heat from the sun goes back into the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide in the Earth’s atmosphere holds in some of the heat from the sun to help keep the Earth warm. If it did not do this, Earth would be too cold to support life.

When was the Little Ice Age and what happened?It occurred from about 1300 to the mid-1800s. It rained a lot and summers became cool and damp and winters were very cold. Glaciers grew in some places and some lakes and rivers froze for months at a time. It became difficult to raise crops and many people starved.

What do scientists believe about “Snowball Earth”?They believe there was a very cold ice age between 850 million and 550 million years ago. It is believed the entire planet was covered in ice, but that volcanoes continued to erupt providing small areas of warmth around them.

How is our climate changing right now?The use of coal and oil to run factories, cars, planes, trains, and boats is releasing more carbon dioxide into our air, which traps more heat around Earth. This is causing Earth to warm and the heat is melting glaciers and ice sheets. This then causes the level of the seas to rise. The increased heat also makes it hard for some animals and plants to survive.

Look up pictures of where the ice sheets were during the Ice Age and color them on your map. Did they cover where you live?

CavemanDefinition: ____________________________________________

____________________________________________

AdaptDefinition: ____________________________________________

____________________________________________

ExtinctDefinition: ____________________________________________

____________________________________________

EvolveDefinition: ____________________________________________

____________________________________________

GlaciersDefinition: ____________________________________________

____________________________________________

Glacial DriftDefinition: ____________________________________________

____________________________________________

Glacial PeriodsDefinition: ____________________________________________

____________________________________________

Interglacial PeriodsDefinition: ____________________________________________

____________________________________________

Vocabulary


MegaDefinition: ____________________________________________

____________________________________________

NeanderthalDefinition: ____________________________________________

____________________________________________

HomosapiensDefinition: ____________________________________________

____________________________________________

FjordsDefinition: ____________________________________________

____________________________________________

Glacial MorainesDefinition: ____________________________________________

____________________________________________

Vocabulary


Animal: _____________________


Class: ____________________________________________Family: ______________________________________________________

Physical Characteristics:(What did they look like? Use good descriptive words!)

Color: _____________________________________________Covering: _________________________________________Size: _____________________________________________Body Parts:____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Draw a Picture:

Animal: _____________________

How did they move? __________________________________________________________________________________

Did they have any special senses that helped them?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Different types: _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Diet (What did they eat?):_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

How they ate: ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Were they predators (hunters)? ____________________

Circle one: Carnivores Herbivores

Omnivores


Animal: _____________________ Defense:

Who were their predators? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________How did they defend themselves?______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Other Behavior:

How did they adapt to changing climates?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Did they live in groups? Describe.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Where did they hang out? ____________________________________________________________________________


Events for the Timeline50 mya* Earth was covered in rain forests. Earth was covered in rain forests.

35 mya Glaciers form on Antarctica. Glaciers form on Antarctica.

2.5 mya First Ice Age began. First Ice Age began.

400,000 ya Neanderthals appeared. Neanderthals appeared.

125,000 ya Time of woolly mammoths and other large animals.

Time of woolly mammoths and other large animals.

40,000 ya Modern humans appeared. Modern humans appeared.

30,000 ya Neanderthals become extinct. Neanderthals become extinct.

12,000 ya Ice Age ended. Ice Age ended.

1300s - 1850 Little Ice Age Little Ice Age

1837 Louis Agassiz presents his theory about the Ice Age.

Louis Agassiz presents his theory about the Ice Age.

1856 Neanderthal bones are discovered in Germany.

Neanderthal bones are discovered in Germany.

1940 Cave at Lascaux is discovered. Cave at Lascaux is discovered.

*mya = million years ago

Feel free to add any other events you would like to your timeline. There are a lot of different directions you could go with this.


Timeline of the Ice Age

2.5Million years ago

Above the line, write in important or interesting events in the history of the Ice Age. You can cut out the events on the previous page and glue them where they belong to get started. Note: this timeline is not to scale due to the fact that it covers millions of years!

65Million years ago


400,000 years ago

10,000 years ago



10,000 years ago

Today1 AD


Compare and contrast Neanderthals with Modern Humans. Think about differences in hunting, eating, clothing, tools, etc. Write similarities between the two in the section where the circles overlap and

characteristics unique to each group in the corresponding circle outside of the overlapping area.

Neanderthals


Modern Humans

Pretend early humans were able to write as we do now and create a journal entry for a child your age to describe what his or her day may have been like. Make sure to write it in first person.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Name: ___________________ ©2019 Randi Smith www.peanutbutterfishlessons.com

A Day in the Lifeof an Early Human

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Ice Age Unit Study · Megaloceros, cave hyenas, giant short-faced bear, giant rhinoceros, giant...

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