IBS Training Module
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Transcript of IBS Training Module
ADAADA CellwCellwoorksrks
IBS TRAININGIBS TRAINING
PREPARED BY:
JAYAN.YADA CELLWORKS,PUNE
ADAADA CellwCellwoorksrks
IBS SURVEYIBS SURVEY LINK BUDGET CALCULATIONLINK BUDGET CALCULATION IMPLEMENTATION IMPLEMENTATION QUALITY CHECKLISTQUALITY CHECKLIST VENDOR HANDLING TIPSVENDOR HANDLING TIPS REPEATERREPEATER BASIC OF LOS SURVEYBASIC OF LOS SURVEY BASIC OF RF SURVEYBASIC OF RF SURVEY
CONTENTSCONTENTS
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What is IBS/DAS ?
1.In-building Solution (IBS) / Distributed Antenna System (DAS)
2.Small Cell Coverage within building premises
3.Signal is restricted inside the building
4.Antenna installed inside the building
5.Low Transmit Power of Antenna
6.Smaller Antenna size
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What drives the need for IBS ?
1. Demand of Continuous coverage
2. Indoor Activities generating high traffic
3. Poor indoor coverage of outdoor sites
4. Offloading outdoor cells with high utilization
5. Improvement of Network Performance.
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IBS Project
1.Site Survey (IBS and LOS)
2.Design report preparation of the survey
3.Implementation work
4.Frequency planning and database preparation
5.Walk test
6.Optimization and site handover
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PLANNING PROCESS
Survey, IBS Planning
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IBS Planning Process Flow Chart
SITE ACQUISITION
Customer request
1. With target buildings -> Preliminary site survey
2. Without target buildings -> Area survey to locate possible target buildings
-> Approval: customer accepts target buildings
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PRELIMINARY SITE SURVEY/PRE- PLANNING
1. Building Information.2. Surrounding Network Information.3. Draft Solution Design.4. Budgetary Cost Estimation.
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SITE SURVEY
1. Propagation Measurement.2. Final BTS & Antenna location.3. Final Cable routing.4. Photos of Antenna Location, BTS Location, Microwave
Pole location.
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DETAIL DESIGN REPORT
1. System Diagram (Trunking Diagram).2. Power Budget Calculation.3. Solution Description Template.4. TSSR (Technical Site Survey Report) for BTS &
Microwave details.
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TYPES OF TYPICAL BUILDINGS COVERED IN IBS1.Office Complex2.Shopping Malls.3.Hotels & Restaurants.4.Hospitals.5.VIP Guest House.6.Exhibition Centre.7.Government Buildings.8.Airports.9.Railway Stations.10.Corporate Residential Complex.11.Factories & Industries
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IBS SURVEY & PRE-PLANNING
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TOOLS REQUIRED FOR IBS SURVEY1. GPS2. Digital Camera.3. Magnetic Compass.4. Binoculars.5. Measuring Tape.6. Net Monitor Phone.7. Floor Plan of that Particular Site
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STEPS IN IBS SURVEY1. Study the building architecture, with the help of floor plans & guidance from Building authorities2. Understand the requirements need in terms of Coverage, Capacity, future Subscriber growth etc.3. Identify the duct for the cable routing & component location.4. Survey on each floor using net monitor and floor plan.5. Mark the present signal level and the antenna location to be installed in the floor plan.6. Note down all the present serving cell information like CELL ID, BCCH, Rx. Level, etc.7. Identify the BTS location, antenna locations and mark on the floor plan.8. Also not down the type of ceiling, whether pop cutting is required or not and availability of cable tray.9. Identify if any future planning is required or not in case of under construction buildings.
LOS SURVEY
TAKE LAT – LONG BY GPS
ASK FOR FAR END TO SURVEY CO ORDINATOR
DECIDE TOWER HEIGHT( e. g POLE,RTT, GBT )REQUIREMENT( ALSO CONSIDER CUSTOMER SPECIFICATION , NOT MENDATORY )
CHECK POSSIBILITY OF CABLE ROUTING UPTO BTS LOCATION
IF PCM CABLE OR A-BTS IS REQUIRED FOR TX ,THEN MAKE NOTE THAT PCM CABLE LENGTHIS NOT EXCEEDING BY THAT OF GIVEN SPECIFICATION( UPTO 250 M).( DO NOT COMPROMISE WITH BTS LOCATION IT AFFECTS POWER CALCUTAION )
MAKE TERRACE LAY OUT
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INDOOR PROPOGATION Indoor channels are different from traditional mobile radio channels in two different ways
• The distances covered are much smaller • The variability of the environment is much greater for a
much smaller range of Tx-Rx separation distances.
The propagation inside a building is influenced by• Layout of the building • Construction materials
Typical building type• Sports arena, residential home, factory,...
Indoor propagation is dominated by the same mechanisms as outdoor
• reflection, scattering, diffraction.
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However, conditions are much more variable • Doors/windows open or not
The mounting place of antenna• On the wall, ceiling, etc. • The level of floors
In building path loss factors • Partition losses (same floor) • Partition losses between floors
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PARTITION LOSSES There are two kind of partition at the same floor:
• Hard partitions: the walls of the rooms • Soft partitions: moveable partitions that does not
span to the ceiling • The path loss depends on the type of the partitions
PARTITION LOSSES BETWEEN FLOORS The losses between floors of a building are determined by
• External dimensions and materials of the building • Type of construction used to create floors • External surroundings • Number of windows • Presence of tinting on windows
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o Antenna System used in IBS Integrated Antenna System
An Indoor area covered by one location e.g., open premises like sports
arena, railway station where BTS is mounted on the wall connected to the Integrated antenna system
Antennas Distributed Via Coax Feeder NetworkThis is the most simplified method used in IBS. It has some
advantage like low cost, flexibility in theDesign when shaping the coverage area, robust and well proven
technique Leaky Cable
This type is mainly used in Train tunnels, where it is tough to install with Coax feeder network. It also has flexible design but it is costly
Antennas Distributed Via Fibre Optic NetworkLow attenuation is the key factor for the deploying IBS thro fibre optic network. Even though it has some advantages like low attenuation, easy installation, it has disadvantages like very expensive, poor design flexibility and power supply needed for antenna units
15MAN5F004
06M
J
J
24M
9M
14M
10dB
10M
17M
11M
6M
25M
3M
14M
08M
06M
11M
23M
20M
09M
15M
03M
14M
7dB 07M
08M
10M
15M
15M
10M
7dB
AN5F003
AN5F002
AN5F001
AN5F005
AN5F006
AN5F007
AN5F008
AN5F009
AN5F010
AN5F011
AN5F012
AN5F021
AN5F013
AN5F014
AN5F025
AN5F022
AN5F023
AN5F017
AN5F018
AN5F019
AN5F020
12MA 5M
J
30M
19M
21M
AN5F025
7dB J
13M
04M
AN5F015
AN5F016
09M
08MSP2W5F01
SP2W5F02
SP3W5F01
SP2W5F03
SP3W5F02
SP3W5F03AN6F001
SP2W5F04
SP2W5F05
SP2W5F06
SP4W5F01
SP4W5F02
SP4W5F03
CP7dB5F01 CP7dB5F02
CP7dB5F03
CP10dB5F01
27M
10M
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DUCT – 1( ELECTRICAL)
J
JJ
10d
B
7dB
7dB
8M
24M
15M
10M
6M14M
14M10M
30M
7M10M
11M17M
8M8M
3M
25M
09M
23M23M
13M
20M
18M5M
13M 23M
11M
08M
08M
19M
3M 4M
AN5F006
AN5F001
AN5F002
AN5F004
AN5F009
AN5F003
AN5F010 AN5F011
AN5F012
AN5F008
AN5F007AN5F014
AN5F013
AN5F017
AN5F018 AN5F019
AN5F016
AN5F020
AN5F022
AN5F023
AN5F021
AN5F015
AN5F005
21M
J7dB
09M
14M
14M
AN5F0139
AN5F140
SP2W5F02
SP2W5F01
SP3W5F02
CP10dB5F01
SP4W5F01
CP7dB5F01
SP2W5F03
SP4W5F02
SP2W5F04
CP7dB5F02
SP4W5F03
SP2W5F06
SP2W5F05
CP7dB5F03
SP3W5F01
SP3W5F03
Cable goes to the sixth floor
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LINK BUDGET CALCULATION
IT IS BASICALLY FOR POWER THAT REQUIRED AT ANTENNA END.IT DEPENDS ON THE COMPONENTSTHAT HAS BEEN USED FROM BTS TO ANTENNA THAT IS ERP( EFFECTIVE RADIATED POWER ).
LIST OF COMPONENTS WITH LOSSES ARE AS FOLLOWS::
EIRP( Effective Isotropic Radiated Power )= ERP( Effective Radiated Power ) + Gain of that component
We generally deal with EIRP ( Effective Isotropic Radiated Power ),which is defined below.
1) SPLITTERS2) COUPLERS3) CABLES4) ANTENNAS5) COMBINER6) JUMPER CABLE
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1) SPLITTERS::
2 WAY2 WAY -3.25 -3.25
3 WAY3 WAY -5.05 -5.05
4 WAY4 WAY -6.25 -6.25
TYPE LOSS (dB)
Generally 3 types of splitters are used in IBS which are as follows.
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1) SPLITTERS ( Continue )::
2 WAY 3 WAY 4 WAY
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2) COUPLERS::
7 dB7 dB -7 -7 -1.5-1.510 dB10 dB -10 -10 -0.5-0.515 dB15 dB -15 -15 -0.3-0.3
TYPE LOSS AT COUPLE PORT (dB)
LOSS AT THROUGH PORT (dB)
NOTE: Ideally there should be 0 dB loss at through port. But there is always some loss, which is mentioned in table.
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2) COUPLERS ( Continue )::
INPUT
COUPLED PORT
THROUGH PORT
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3) CABLES::
½ ‘’( LDF4-50 A)½ ‘’( LDF4-50 A) -0.11-0.117/8 ‘’( LDF5-50 A )7/8 ‘’( LDF5-50 A ) -0.06 -0.06 1-5/8’’ ( LDF7-50 A )1-5/8’’ ( LDF7-50 A ) -0.03 -0.03
TYPE LOSS (dB per meter)
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3) CABLES ( Continue )::
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4) ANTENNAS::
Generally 3 types of antenna are used in IBS, which are as follows.
OMNI ANTENNAOMNI ANTENNA 2 2 PANEL ANTENNAPANEL ANTENNA 7 7 FLAT PATCH OMNI FLAT PATCH OMNI ANTENNAANTENNA 5 5
TYPE Gain (dBi )
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4) ANTENNAS ( Continue )::
OMNI ANTENNA
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4) ANTENNAS ( Continue )::
PANEL ANTENNA
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FLAT PATCH OMNI ANTENNA ( Vendor : Kaweri )
4) ANTENNAS ( Continue )::
12 cm
12 cm
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5) COMBINER::
A combiner is the device that enables several transmitters to transmitter from the same antenna.
HYBRID COMBINER( 2 I/P,1 HYBRID COMBINER( 2 I/P,1 O/P )O/P ) 3 dB3 dB
TYPE LOSS
ANTENNA
TX 1
TX 2
e. g TRX
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6) LINK BUDGET CALCULATION :: Example with Trunking Diagram:
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NOTE:BTS POWER IS MENTIONED AS 37 CONSIDERING 3dB COMBINER LOSS.
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6) DIFFERENT CONNECTOR USED IN IMPLEMENTATION:
( 1 ) ½ N MALE CONNECTOR( L4PNM-RC )
To connect female port of other component like our antennas and splitter.
Connect with ½ cable
Connect with antenna port Or splitter port.
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( 2 ) ½ N FEMALE CONNECTOR( L4PNF-RC )
Connect with ½ cable
Connect with male port like 7/8 to ½ inch connectorOr Kaveri combiner
To connect male port of other component like 7/8 to ½ connector.
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( 3 ) 7/8 to ½ inch CONNECTOR( L5PNM-RC )
Connect with 7/8 cable( LDF 5-50A )
Connect with female port like Our antannas and splitter
To connect female port of 7/8 cable at one side and female port of ½ cable or splitter
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To connect female port of 7/8 cable at one side and BTS port or jumper cable
( 4 ) DIN Male for LDF5-50 A 7/8 inch Cable( L5PDM-RPC )
Connect with 7/8 cable( LDF 5-50A )
Connect with female port ofjumper cable or directly to Port of BTS which isGenerally at the top of Ultra BTS
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( 5 ) EXTERNAL COMBINER(AVANTEL)
Female PortFemale Port
Female Port
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( 6 ) EXTERNAL COMBINER(KAVERI)
Female PortFemale Port
Female Port
( 6 ) EXTERNAL COMBINER(KAVERI) ADAADA CellwCellwoorksrks
( 7 ) EXTERNAL JUMPER CABLE
AT BTS END
AT COMBIER END
THIS PORT HAS SIZE SAME AS 7/8 CABLE
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7) BTS Types:
Generally 3 types of BTS Available.
1) Ultra BTS
Cabinet Max. power Demand:1.8KVVAC / 1.5KVADCNominal Voltage:230AC/-48VDC
Configuration: 4+4+4Power: 43 dBm
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2) METRO BTS
85cm
35cm
25cm
Configuration: 2+2Power: 40 dBm
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SECTOR’S JUMPER CABLE
MW CABLE FOR CONNECTIVITY
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3) ULTRA MINI BTS
It looks same as Ultra BTS.Configuration: 2+2Power: 43 dBm
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DETAILED DESIGN REPORT1. Building Information: Co-ordinates, No. of Floors, Basements,
Lobbies.2. BTS Information: BTS Type, BTS O/P power, TRX Configuration,
Sectorization.3. TSSR Form – Transmission & RF details if planned with outdoor
sectors also)4. Trunking Diagram - Schematic Presentation of Antenna to BTS
connection via different components like, splitters, combiners & couplers.
5. Link Budget Calculations – EIRP calculation at all antenna ports, considering all the losses.
6. Planned Antenna Location with coverage area.7. Bill of Quantity - Material Requirement for the Implementation of
DAS.
REPEATER :
Generally used where capacity required is low.
It amplifies and converts weak signal into stronger signal by adding some gain to it.
There are 2 types of repeaters.
1) BAND SELECTIVE:
It amplifies and boost frequency of particular BAND
2) FREQUENCY SELECTIVE:
It amplifies and boost particular frequencies only (Generally 2 / 3 frequency.
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TYPICAL REPEATER INSTALLATION
PICK UP ANTENNA(HIGHLY DIRECTIONAL )
NEARER SITE
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INDOOR REPEATERCONNECTED TO PEAK UP ANTENNA
CONNECTED TO ANTENNA
POWER: 2W GENERALLY.( 33 dBm )
BAND SELECTIVE
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IBS IMPLEMENTATION
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TYPICAL IBS INSTALLATION
ADAADA CellwCellwoorksrksGENERAL IMPLEMENTATION ISSUE IN IBS OPEN CONNECTION
Antenna, splitter, coupler port is open
COUPLERCouple port/through port is reversedInput port/through port is reversed
LABELINGAll the splitters and couplers should be labeled for easy identification
ANTENNA PLACEMENT OR ORIENTATIONS IS NOT AS PER PLANShift in antennas if any due to route / customer problem.
THERE IS NO PROPER SADDLING, TYING OF CABLESNo Saddling/tying done on site, typical requirement is as followsi.e., every 1mtr or 1.5mtr cable is to be tied
REQUIREMENT OF EXTRA MATERIALClamps FOR Antennas/cable
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VENDOR HANDLING1. Handover site to vendor with all details like work permission,
material storage space, proper cable routing. 2. Generate MRF for delivery of material to this site.3. Ask vendor for daily update.4. Must visit site 2-3 day in week.5. Ask all details after completion of full site.6. Get the material details from the vendor7. Get the BOM (Bill of Material) from the vendor and generate cam
Form for the site after reconciling the material
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IMPLIMENTATION AUDITVisit site daily if possible otherwise 2-3 day in weekCheck installation is as par plan or changeDecide any changes in antenna location (if require according to
aesthetic, permission, cable routing etc..)
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IBS IMPLEMENTATION QUALITY STANDARDS.1. No Extra Cable is left rolled near the BTS Equipment.2. Feeder Cable and components have to be independently & properly
clamped (saddling) to the wall or laid over the cable tray .
3. Combiner is clamped and the various cables to and from the combiner are secured properly on the Cable tray or Wall mount.
4. Feeder Installation for all the sectors should have appropriate bending radius for both 1/2” & 7/8”.
5. Connector have to be weather proofed6. Feeders & components should be anchored at fixed intervals by
saddling/cable tie7. Aesthetic rectification should be completed with cleanliness
THANK YOU…
ADA Cellworks