IB Physics. Folders, text books, calculators Paper 1 (Multiple Choice) Paper 2 (Extended response-...
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Transcript of IB Physics. Folders, text books, calculators Paper 1 (Multiple Choice) Paper 2 (Extended response-...
• Paper 1 (Multiple Choice)
• Paper 2 (Extended response- some choice)
• Paper 3 (Options)
• Coursework SL-40 hours HL-60 hours
Topic 1 – Physics and physical measurement
Use the syllabus particularly when
studying for examinations
Order of magnitude
We can express small and large numbers using exponential notation
The number of atoms in 12g of carbon is approximately
600000000000000000000000
This can be written as 6 x 1023
Order of magnitude
We can say to the nearest order of magnitude that the number of atoms in 12g of carbon is 1024
(6 x 1023 is 1 x 1024 to one significant figure)
Small numbers
Similarly the length of a virus is 2.3 x 10-8 m. We can say to the nearest order of magnitude the length of a virus is 10-8 m.
Ranges of sizes, masses and times
You need to have an idea of the ranges of sizes, masses and times that occur in the universe.
Size
The smallest objects that you need to consider in IB physics are subatomic particles (protons and neutrons).
These have a size (to the nearest order of magnitude) of 10-15 m.
Size
The largest object that you need to consider in IB physics is the Universe.
The Universe has a size (to the nearest order of magnitude) of 1025 m.
Mass
We have already decided that the Universe is the largest object. What do you think its mass is?
1050 kg
(100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 kg)
Time
Now think of 5 small time intervals
(For example, the time it takes sound to travel 1 metre is a small time interval. Can you think of smaller?)
Time
Can you add order of magnitude estimates for your time intervals?
(For example, the time it takes sound to travel 1 metre is 10-3 seconds to the nearest order of magnitude)
Time
The smallest time interval you need to know is the time it takes light to travel across a nucleus.
Can you estimate it?
10-23 seconds
Copy please!
Size10-15 m to 1025 m (subatomic particles to the
extent of the visible universe)Mass
10-30 kg to 1050 kg (electron to the mass of the Universe)
Time10-23 s to 1018 s (time for light to cross a
nucleus to the age of the Universe)
A common ratio – Learn this!
Hydrogen atom ≈ 10-10 m
Proton ≈ 10-15 m
Ratio of diameter of a hydrogen atom to its nucleus
= 10-10/10-15 = 105
Estimate the following:
1. The mass of an apple
2. The number of times a human heart beats in a lifetime.
(to the nearest order of magnitude)
Estimate the following:
1. The mass of an apple
2. The number of times a human heart beats in a lifetime.
3. The speed a cockroach can run.
(to the nearest order of magnitude)
Estimate the following:
1. The mass of an apple
2. The number of times a human heart beats in a lifetime.
3. The speed a cockroach can run.
4. The number of times the earth will fit into the sun (Rs = 6.96 x 108, Re = 6.35 x 106)
(to the nearest order of magnitude)
Estimate the following:
1. The mass of an apple
2. The number of times a human heart beats in a lifetime.
3. The speed a cockroach can run.
4. The number of times the earth will fit into the sun (Rs = 6.96 x 108, Re = 6.35 x 106)
5. The number of classrooms full of tea Mr Porter will drink in his lifetime.
(to the nearest order of magnitude)
Estimate the following:
1. The mass of an apple 10-1 kg
2. The number of times a human heart beats in a lifetime.
3. The speed a cockroach can run.
4. The number of times the earth will fit into the sun (Rs = 6.96 x 108, Re = 6.35 x 106)
5. The number of classrooms full of tea Mr Porter will drink in his lifetime.
(to the nearest order of magnitude)
Estimate the following:
1. The mass of an apple 10-1 kg
2. The number of times a human heart beats in a lifetime. 70x60x24x365x70=109
3. The speed a cockroach can run.
4. The number of times the earth will fit into the sun (Rs = 6.96 x 108, Re = 6.35 x 106)
5. The number of classrooms full of tea Mr Porter will drink in his lifetime.
(to the nearest order of magnitude)
Estimate the following:
1. The mass of an apple 10-1 kg
2. The number of times a human heart beats in a lifetime. 70x60x24x365x70=109
3. The speed a cockroach can run. 100 m/s
4. The number of times the earth will fit into the sun (Rs = 6.96 x 108, Re = 6.35 x 106)
5. The number of classrooms full of tea Mr Porter will drink in his lifetime.
(to the nearest order of magnitude)
Estimate the following:
1. The mass of an apple 10-1 kg
2. The number of times a human heart beats in a lifetime. 70x60x24x365x70=109
3. The speed a cockroach can run. 100 m/s
4. The number of times the earth will fit into the sun (6.96 x 108)3/(6.35 x 106)3 = 106
5. The number of classrooms full of tea Mr Porter will drink in his lifetime.
(to the nearest order of magnitude)
Estimate the following:
1. The mass of an apple 10-1 kg
2. The number of times a human heart beats in a lifetime. 70x60x24x365x70=109
3. The speed a cockroach can run. 100 m/s
4. The number of times the earth will fit into the sun (6.96 x 108)3/(6.35 x 106)3 = 106
5. The number of classrooms full of tea Mr Porter will drink in his lifetime.
(to the nearest order of magnitude)