IAS PRELIMS pREVIOUS YEAR SOLVED QUESTIONS...IAS Prelims 2020- Click Here the proliferation 29....

2019

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[IAS PRELIMS PREVIOUS

YEAR SOLVED QUESTIONS] Geography of India & World

MYUPSC.COM

1. Which of the following phenomena might

have influenced the evolution of organisms?

1. Continental drift

2. Glacial cycles

Select the correct answer using the code given

below.

(a) 1 only (b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) neither 1 nor 2

2. Consider the following statements

1. The winds which blow between 30° N and

60° S latitudes throughout the year are known as

Westerlies.

2. The moist air masses that cause winter rains

in North-Western region of India are part of

westerlies.

Which of the statements given above is/are

correct?



3. Tides occur in the oceans and seas due to

which among the following?

1. Gravitational force of the Sun

2. Gravitational force of the Moon

3. Centrifugal force of the Earth


below.

(a) 1 only (b) 2 and 3 only

(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3

4. "Each day is more or less the same, the

morning is clear and bright with a sea breeze; as

the Sun climbs high in the sky, heat mounts up,

dark clouds form, then rain comes with thunder

and lightning. But rain is soon over." Which of

the following regions is described in the above

passage?

(a) Savannah (b) Equatorial

(c) Monsoon (d) Mediterranean

5. In the South Atlantic and South-Eastern

Pacific regions in tropical latitudes, cyclone does

not originate. What is the reason?

(a) Sea surface temperatures are low

(b) Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone seldom

occurs

(c) Coriolis force is too weak

(d) Absence of land in those regions

6. What explains the eastward flow of the

equatorial counter-current?

(a) The Earth's rotation on its axis

(b) Convergence of the two equatorial currents

(c) Difference in salinity of water

(d) Occurrence of the belt of calm near the

equator

7. Which of the following is/are tributary

tributaries of Brahmaputra?

1. Dibang

2. Kameng

3. Lohit


Below


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(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3

8. With reference to 'Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD)'

sometimes mentioned in the news while

forecasting Indian monsoon, which of the

following statements is/are correct?

1. IOD phenomenon is characterized by a

difference in sea surface temperature between

tropical Western Indian Ocean and tropical

Eastern Pacific Ocean.

2. An IOD phenomenon can influence an El

Nino's impact on the monsoon.


below:



9. Turkey is located between

(a) Black Sea and Caspian Sea

(b) Black Sea and Mediterranean Sea

(c) Gulf of Suez and Mediterranean Sea

(d) Gulf of Aqaba and Dead Sea

10. Consider the following pairs:

Region often in news Country

1. Chechnya: Russian Federation

2. Darfur: Mali

3. Swat Valley: Iraq

Which of the above pairs is/are correctly

matched?


(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3

11. What is the correct sequence of occurrence

of the following cities in South-East Asia as one

proceeds from south to north?

1. Bangkok 2. Hanoi

3. Jakarta 4. Singapore


below.

(a) 4-2-1-3 (b) 3-2-4-1

(c) 3-4-1-2 (d) 4-3-2-1

12. Which one of the following countries of

South-West Asia does not open out to the

Mediterranean Sea?

(a) Syria (b) Jordan

(c) Lebanon (d) Israel

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13. With reference to the ‘Trans-Pacific

Partnership’, consider the following statements:

1. It is an agreement among all the Pacific Rim

countries except China and Russia.

2. It is a strategic alliance for the purpose of

maritime security only.


correct?



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14. Which of the following is geographically

closest to Great Nicobar?

(a) Sumatra (b) Borneo

(c) Java (d) Sri Lanka

15. Mediterranean Sea is a border of which of

the following countries?

1. Jordan 2. Iraq

3. Lebanon 4. Syria


below:

(a) 1, 2 and 3 only (b) 2 and 3 only

(c) 3 and 4 only (d) 1, 3 and 4 only

16. Consider the following towns of India:

1. Bhadrachalam 2. Chanderi

3. Kanchipuram 4. Karnal

Which of the above are famous for the

production of traditional sarees/ fabric?

(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 only

(c) 1, 2 and 3 (d) 1, 3 and 4.


National Highway Cities connected

1. NH 4 Chennai and Hyderabad

2. NH 6 Mumbai and Kolkata

3. NH 15 Ahmedabad and Jodhpur

Which of the above pairs is/are correctly

matched?

(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 3 only

(c) 1, 2 and 3 (d) None

18. The seasonal reversal of winds is the typical

characteristic of

(a) Equatorial climate

(b) Mediterranean climate

(c) Monsoon climate

(d) All of the above climates

19. Consider the following rivers:

1. Barak

2. Lohit

3. Subansiri

Which of the above flows/flow through

Arunachal Pradesh?


(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3

20. Consider the following pairs: Wetlands

Confluence of rivers

1. Harike Wetlands: Confluence of Beas and

Satluj/Sutlej

2. Keoladeo Ghana: Confluence of

National Park Banas and Chambal

3. Kolleru Lake: Confluence of Musi and

Krishna

Which of the above pairs is/ are correctly

matched?


(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3


Hills Region

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1. Cardamom Hills: Coromandel Coast

2. Kaimur Hills: Konkan Coast

3. Mahadeo Hills: Central India

4. Mikir Hills: North-East India

Which of the above pairs are correctly matched?

(a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 and 3

(c) 3 and 4 (d) 2 and 4

22. If you travel through the Himalayas, you are

likely to see which of the following plants

naturally growing there?

1. Oak

2. Rhododendron

3. Sandalwood


below.


(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3

23. With reference to ‘Changpa’ community of

India, consider the following statements:

1. They live mainly in the State of Uttarakhand.

2. They rear the Pashmina goats that yield fine

wool.

3. They are kept in the category of Scheduled

Tribes.


correct?


(c) 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3

24. In a particular region in India, the local

people train the roots of living trees into robust

bridges across the streams. As the time passes,

these bridges become stronger. These unique

'living root bridges' are found in

(a) Meghalaya (b) Himachal Pradesh

(c) Jharkhand (d) Tamil Nadu




Here

25. Consider the following States

1. Arunachal Pradesh

2. Himachal Pradesh

3. Mizoram

In which of the above States do 'Tropical Wet

Evergreen Forests' occur?


(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3

26. Which one of the following pairs of States of

India indicates the eastern most and western

most State?

(a) Assam and Rajasthan

(b) Arunachal Pradesh and Rajasthan

(c) Assam and Gujarat

(d) Arunachal Pradesh and Gujarat

27. Consider the following rivers:



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1. Vamsadhara

2. Indravati

3. Pranahita

4. Pennar

Which of the above are tributaries of Godavari?

(a) 1, 2 and 3 (b) 2, 3 and 4

(c) 1, 2 and4 (d) 2 and 3 only

28. Which one of the following regions of India

has a combination of mangrove forest, evergreen

forest and deciduous forest?

(a) North Coastal Andhra Pradesh

(b) South-West Bengal

(c) Southern Saurashtra

(d) Andaman and Nicobar Islands




Here

29. Which of the following has/have been

accorded 'Geographical Indication' status?

1. Banaras Brocades and Sarees

2. Rajasthani Daal-Bati-Churma

3. Tirupati Laddu


below.


(c) 1 only 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3

30. In which of the following regions of India

are shale gas resources found?

1. Cambay Basin

2. Cauvery Basin

3. Krishna-Godavari Basin


below.


(c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3

31. At one of the places in India, if you stand on

the seashore and watch the sea, you will find

that the sea water recedes from the shore line a

few kilometres and comes back to the shore,

twice a day, and you can actually walk on the

sea floor when the water recedes. This unique

phenomenon is seen at

(a) Bhavnagar (b) Bheemunipatnam

(c) Chandipur (d) Nagapattinam

32. With reference to Neem tree, consider the

following statements:

1. Neem oil can be used as a pesticide to control

the proliferation of some species of insects and

mites.

2. Neem seeds are used in the manufacture of

biofuels and hospital detergents.

3. Neem oil has applications in pharmaceutical

industry.


correct?


(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3



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Region Well-known for the production of

1. Kinnaur: Areca nut

2. Mewat: Mango

3. Coromandel: Soya bean


matched?


(c) 1, 2 and 3 (d) None

34. Consider the following techniques

phenomena:

1. Budding and grafting in fruit plants

2. Cytoplasmic male sterility

3. Gene silencing

Which of the above is/are used to create

transgenic crops?

(a) 1 only (b) 2 and 3

(c) 1 and 3 (d) None

35. Consider the following statements:

1. Maize can be used for the production of

starch.

2. Oil extracted from maize can be a feedstock

for biodiesel.

3. Alcoholic beverages can be produced by

using maize.


correct?


(c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3

36. What are the significances of a practical

approach to sugarcane production known as

‘Sustainable Sugarcane Initiative’?

1. Seed cost is very low in this compared to the

conventional method of cultivation.

2. Drip irrigation can be practiced very

effectively in this.

3. There is no application of chemical/inorganic

fertilizers at all in this.

4. The scope for intercropping is more in this

compared to the conventional method of

cultivation.


below.

(a) 1 and 3 only (b) 1, 2 and 4 only

(c) 2, 3 and 4 only (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4


Programme/Project Ministry

1. Drought-Prone Area: Ministry of Agriculture

Programme

2. Desert Development: Ministry of

Environment

Programme and Forests

3. National Watershed: Ministry of Rural

Development Project Development for Rainfed

Areas


matched?


(c) 1, 2 and 3 (d) None

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38. What are the benefits of implementing the

‘Integrated Watershed Development

Programme’?

1. Prevention of soil runoff

2. Linking the country’s perennial rivers with

seasonal rivers

3. Rainwater harvesting and recharge of

groundwater table

4. Regeneration of natural vegetation


below.

(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2, 3 and 4 only

(c) 1, 3 and 4 only (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4




Here

39. In India, cluster bean (Guar) is traditionally

used as a vegetable or animal feed, but recently

the cultivation of this has assumed significance.

Which one of the following statements is correct

in this context?

(a) The oil extracted from seeds is used in the

manufacture of biodegradable plastics

(b) The gum made from its seeds is used in the

extraction of shale gas

(c) The leaf extract of this plant has the

properties of antihistamines

(d) It is a source of high quality biodiesel

40. Which of the following statements is/are

correct regarding vegetative propagation of

plants?

1. Vegetative propagation produces clonal

population.

2. Vegetative propagation helps in eliminating

the virus.

3. Vegetative propagation can be practiced most

of the year.


below.


(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3

41. The substitution of steel for wooden ploughs

in agricultural production is an example of

(a) labour-augmenting technological progress

(b) capital-augmenting technological progress

(c) capital-reducing technological progress

(d) None of the above

42. Which one of the following best describes

the main objective of 'Seed Village Concept'?

(a) Encouraging the farmers to use their own

farm seeds and discouraging them to buy the

seeds from others

(b) Involving the farmers for training in quality

seed production and thereby to make available

quality seeds to others at appropriate time and

affordable cost

(c) Earmarking some villages exclusively for the

production of certified seeds

(d) Identifying the entrepreneurs in village and

providing them technology and finance to set up

seed companies



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43. What can be the impact of excessive /

inappropriate use of nitrogenous fertilizers in

agriculture?

1. Proliferation of nitrogen-fixing

microorganisms in soil can occur.

2. Increase in the acidity of soil can take place.

3. leaching of nitrate to the ground-water can

occur.


below.


(c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3

44. In India, markets in agricultural products are

regulated under the

(a) Essential Commodities Act, 1955

(b) Agricultural Produce Market Committee Act

enacted by States

(c) Agricultural Produce (Grading and Marking)

Act, 1937

(d) Food Products Order, 1956 and Meat and

Food Products Order, 1973

45. The terms 'Agreement on Agriculture',

'Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and

Phytosanitary Measures' and 'Peace Clause'

appear in the news frequently in the context of

the affairs of the

(a) Food and Agriculture Organization

(b) United Nations Framework Conference on

Climate Change

(c) World Trade Organisation

(d) United Nations Environment Programme

46. The FAO accords the status of ‘Globally

Important Agricultural Heritage System

(GIAHS)’ to traditional agricultural systems.

What is the overall goal of this initiative?

1. To provide modern technology, training in

modern farming methods and financial support

to local communities of identified GIAHS so as

to greatly enhance their agricultural productivity

2. To identify and safeguard eco-friendly

traditional farm practices and their associated

landscapers, agricultural biodiversity and

knowledge systems of the local communities

3. To provide Geographical Indication status to

all the varieties of agricultural produce in such

identified GIAHS


below.


(c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3




Here

47. With reference to ‘Initiative for Nutritional

Security through Intensive Millets Promotion’,

which of the following statements is/are correct?

1. This initiative aims to demonstrate the

improved production and post-harvest

technologies, and to demonstrate value addition

techniques, in an integrated manner, with cluster

approach.



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2. Poor, small, marginal and tribal farmers have

larger stake in this scheme.

3. An important objective of the scheme is to

encourage farmers of commercial crops to shift

to millet cultivation by offering them free kits of

critical inputs of nutrients and micro irrigation

equipment.


below.


(c) 1 and 2 only (d) 1, 2 and 3


The nation-wide 'Soil Health Card Scheme' aims

at

1. Expanding the cultivable area under

irrigation.

2. Enabling the banks to assess the quantum of

loans to be granted to farmers on the basis of

soil quality.

3. Checking the overuse of fertilizers in

farmlands.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?


(c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3

49. What is/are the advantage/advantages of

implementing the 'National Agriculture Market'

(NAM) scheme?

1. It is a pan-India electronic trading portal for

agricultural commodities.

2. It provides the farmers access to nationwide

market, with prices commensurate with the

quality of their produce.


below:



50. Which of the following practices can help in

water conservation in agriculture?

1. Reduced or zero tillage of the land

2. Applying gypsum before irrigating the field

3. Allowing crop residue to remain in the field


below:


(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3

51. With reference to agriculture in India, how

can the technique of 'genome sequencing', often

seen in the news, be used in the immediate

future?

1. Genome sequencing can be used to identify

genetic markers for disease resistance and

drought tolerance in various crop plants.

2. This technique helps in reducing the time

required to develop new varieties of crop plants.

3. It can be used to decipher the host-pathogen

relationships in crops.


below:


(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3


1. Most of the world's coral reefs are in tropical

waters.

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2. More than one-third of the world's coral reefs

are located in the territories of Australia,

Indonesia and Philippines.

3. Coral reefs host far more number of animal

phyla

than those hosted by tropical rainforests.


correct ?

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 3 only (c) 1 and 3 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3

53. With reference to solar power production in

India, consider

The following statements:

1. India is the third largest in the world in the

manufacture

Of silicon wafers used in photovoltaic units.

2. The solar power tariffs are determined by the

Solar

Energy Corporation of India


correct?



54. Which of the following is/are the possible

consequence/

s of heavy sand mining in riverbeds ?

1. Decreased salinity in the river

2. Pollution of groundwater

3. Lowering of the water-table


below:


(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3

55. Which of the following has/have shrunk

immensely/dried up in the recent past due to

human activities?

1. Aral Sea 2. Black Sea

3. Lake Baikal


below:


(c) 2 only (d) 1 and 3

56. With reference to the circumstances in

Indian agriculture, the concept of "Conservation

Agriculture" assumes significance.

Which of the following fall under the

Conservation Agriculture?

1. Avoiding the monoculture practices

2. Adopting minimum tillage

3. Avoiding the cultivation of plantation crops

4. Using crop residues to cover soil surface

5. Adopting spatial and temporal crop

sequencing/crop rotations


below:

(a) 1, 3 and 4 (b) 2, 3, 4 and 5

(c) 2, 4 and 5 (d) 1, 2, 3 and 5

57. With reference to agricultural soils, consider

the following statements:

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1. A high content of organic matter in soil

drastically reduces its water holding capacity.

2. Soil does not play any role in the Sulphur

cycle.

3. Irrigation over a period of time can contribute

to the salinization of some agricultural lands.


correct ?


(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3

58. With reference to organic farming in India,

consider the following statements:

1. The National Programme for Organic

Production'

(NPOP) is operated under the guidelines and

directions of the Union Ministry of Rural

Development.

2. The Agricultural and Processed Food

Products Export

Development Authority' (APEDA) functions as

the Secretariat for the implementation of NPOP.

3. Sikkim has become India's first fully organic

State.


correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 only

(c) 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3

59. Which one of the following is an artificial

lake?

(a) Kodaikanal (Tamil Nadu)

(b) Kolleru (Andhra Pradesh)

(c) Nainital (Uttarakhand)

(d) Renuka (Himachal Pradesh)




Here


1. The Barren Island volcano is an active

volcano located in the Indian Territory.

2. Barren Island lies about 140 km east of Great

Nicobar.

3. The last time the Barren Island volcano

erupted was in 1991 and it has remained inactive

since then.


correct?


(c) 3 only (d) 1 and 3


1. In India, State Governments do not have the

power to auction non-coal mines.

2. Andhra Pradesh and Jharkhand do not have

gold mines.

3. Rajasthan has iron ore mines.


correct?

(a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 only

(c) 1 and 3 (d) 3 only



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62. Among the following cities, which one lies

on a longitude closest to that of Delhi?

(a) Bengaluru (b) Hyderabad

(c) Nagpur (d) Pune




Here

Solution

1. (c)

2. (c)

3. (d)

4. (b) The passage points out equatorial region.

5. (a)

6. (a) The Earth's rotation on its axis explains

the eastward flow of the equatorial counter-

current. If the earth would have been rotating

east to west, the piled up water would have

come down on the west side. Therefore,

essentially it's the earth's rotation that explains

the eastward flow of equatorial counter current.

7. (d)

8. (b)

9. (b) Turkey's smaller part is in Southeastern

Europe and its larger part in Western Asia which

is located between Black Sea and Mediterranean

10. (a) The Chechen Republic is a federal

subject (a republic) of Russia. Darfur is a region

in western Sudan. Swat is a valley and an

administrative district in Pakistan.

11. (c) The correct sequence of occurrence of the

following cities in South-East Asia as one

proceeds from south to north is Jakarta

Singapore-Bangkok and Hanoi.

12. (b) Jordan does not open out to the

Mediterranean Sea.

13. (d) All 12 Pacific Rim Countries have signed

Trans - Pacific Partnership (TPP) agreement.

These 12 countries are: Singapore, Malaysia,

Vietnam, Brunei, Darussalam, Japan, Canada,

United States, Mexico, Peru, Chile, Australia

and New Zealand. Objectives of TPP: (i) Lower

track barriers such as tariffs. (ii) Establish a

common framework for intellectual property.

(iii)Enforce standards for labour low and

environmental low. (iv) Establish an investor -

state dispute settlement mechanism.

14. (a)

15. (c)

16. (b) Chanderi in MadhyaPradesh and

Kanchipuram in Tamil Nadu are famous for Silk

sarees.

17. (d) NH 4 is a major National Highway in

Western and Southern India. It connects

Mumbai with Chennai. NH 6, runs through

Gujarat, Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh, Odisha,

Jharkhand and West Bengal state in India. It

connects Surat with Kolkata. NH 15 is a major

National Highway in Western and Northwestern

India. NH 15 connects Samakhiali in Gujarat

with Pathankot in Punjab.



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18. (c) Monsoon is the only climate which is

having reversal of wind between seasons.

19. (b) Rivers Lohit and Subansiri flow through

Arunachal Pradesh. River Barak flows in south

Assam and Manipur. River lohit and subanseri

flows through Arunachal Pradesh. Barak river

flows in sourth Assam and Manipur.

20. (a) Harike Wetlands is at Confluence of Beas

and Satluj/Sutlej. The Keoladeo National Park

formerly known as the Bharatpur Bird Sanctuary

in Bharatpur is at the confluence of two rivers,

the Gambhir and Banganga. Kolleru Lake is one

of the largest freshwater lakes in India located in

state of Andhra Pradesh. Kolleru is located

between Krishna and Godavari delta.

21. (c) The Cardamom Hills are southern hills of

India and part of the southern Western Ghats

located in southeast Kerala and southwest Tamil

Nadu. They are not in coromandel coast. Kaimur

Range is the eastern portion of the Vindhya

Range extending from Madhya Pradesh to Bihar.

They are not in konkan coast. The Mahadeo

Hills are in Madhya Pradesh, state of central

India.Mikir hills are in assam i.e. in North East

India.

22. (a) Oak and Rhododendron is found in

Himalayan region while sandalwood is found in

South India.

23. (b) The Changpa are a semi-nomadic

Tibetan ethnic group found mainly in Zanskar

region of Jammu and Kashmir. They rear the

Pashmina goats that yield a fine wool. They are

kept in the category of Scheduled Tribes.

24. (a) In the present-day Meghalaya state of

northeast India is a form of tree shaping, which

creates these suspension bridges, they are

handmade from the aerial roots of living banyan

fig trees.

25. (c) Tropical Wet Evergreen Forests are

found in Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Meghalaya,

Nagaland, Tripura, West Bengal and Andaman

and Nicobar Island and on the eastern and

western slopes of the Western Ghats in such

states as Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Kerala and

Maharashtra.

26. (d) Arunachal Pradesh and Gujarat are the

easternmost and westernmost States.

27. (d) Major tributaries of the river include the

Purna (South), Pravara, Indravati, Manjira River,

Bindusara River, Sabari River, Wainganga, and

Wardha River. Pranahita is the name given to

the combined flow of the rivers Wardha and

Wainganga.

28. (d) Andaman and Nicobar Islands is rich in

biodiversity. Different types of forests as

Tropical Evergreen forests, Moist Deciduous

forests, Mangrove forests, Littoral forests are

found here.

29. (c) Banaras Brocades and Sarees (Logo) has

been accorded 'Geographical Indication' status.

Rajasthani Daal-Bati-Churma is not in the list of

Geographical Indications in Indus - Therefore

option 'C' is correct.

30. (d) Research is under process for presence of

shale gas in Cambay basin at Mehsana,

Ahmedabad and Bharuch districts of Gujarat,

Cauvery basin at Nagapattinam in Tamil Nadu

and in KG Basin at East and West Godavari

districts of Andhra Pradesh.

31. (c)

32. (c)

33. (d) Kinnaur (Himachal) is famous for apples.

Areca nut mostly confined to Karnataka, Kerala

and Assam. Mewat in haryana is not famous for

mango. UP is famous for mango. Similarly,

Coromandel Coast is not famous for 3 soya

beans. Top two producers of soya are Madhya

MYUPSC.COM

Pradesh and Maharashtra which are outside

Coromandel Coast. Therefore, (d) is the correct

option.

34. (b)

35. (d) All three statements are correct as Maize

can be used for the production of starch.Oil

extracted from maize can be a feedstock for

biodiesel. Alcoholic beverages can be produced

by using maize.

36. (b) NPK (fertilizers) can be applied at the

rate of 112 kg, 25 kg and 48 kg per acre,

respectively through inorganic or organic

methods. Hence statement #3 is wrong, this

eliminates (a), (c) and (d). Therefore, answer (b)

1,2,4 only.

37. (d) The draught prone area programme is by

ministry of Rural development to minimise the

adverse effects of drought on production of

crops and livestock and productivity of land,

water and human resources. The desert

development programme is also by ministry of

Rural development to minimise the adverse

effect of drought and control desertification.

National Watershed Development Project for

Rainfed Areas is by ministry of agriculture.

38. (c) Integrated Watershed Management

Programme (IWMP) was launched during 2009-

10.It aims at Prevention of soil runoff,

Rainwater harvesting and recharge of

groundwater table and Regeneration of natural

vegetation.

39. (b) Guar gum is used in hydraulic fracturing

technology during shale gas extraction.

40. (c) Vegetative reproduction is a form of

asexual reproduction in plants. It is a process by

which new organisms arise without production

of seeds .It helps in development of clones.

Vegetative propagation involves only mitosis,

this ensures that the genetic information in DNA

of vegetative progeny (child) is same as in the

mother plant and can be practiced throughout the

year. However it does not helps in elimination of

viruses. Plant once systematically infected with

a virus, usually remains infected for its lifetime.

Thus any vegetative parts taken for propagation

remains infected.

41. (b) Capital-augmenting technological

progress results in the more productive use of

existing capital goods; for example, the

substitution of steel from wooden ploughs in

agricultural production.

42. (b) Seed village concept is to promote the

quality seed production of foundation and

certified seed classes. The area which is suitable

for raising a particular crop will be selected, and

raised with single variety of a kind. Suitable area

for seed production will be identified by the

Scientists. The foundation/ certified seeds or

University labelled seeds will be supplied by the

University through Krishi Vigyan Kendras

(KVKs) and Research Stations at 50% subsidy

cost to the identified farmers in the area. The

farmers will use these quality seeds and take up

their own seed production in a small area (1

acre) for their own use. The crops are Rice,

Pulses and Oilseeds.

43. (c) Excessive/ inappropriate use of

nitrogenous fertilizers increase the acidity of soil

and Leaching of nitrate to the ground water.

44. (b) Agricultural Produce Market Committee

Acts of respective states are responsible for

markets in agricultural products.

45. (c) 'Agreement on Agriculture', 'Agreement

on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary

Measures' and 'Peace Clause' are related to

World Trade Organisation.

46. (b) (i) In order to safeguard and support the

world’s agri-cultural heritage systems, in 2002

FAO started an initiative for the dynamic

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conservation of Globally Important Agricultural

Heritage Systems (GIAHS). The GIAHS

Initiative promotes public under-standing,

awareness, national and international recognition

of Agricultural Heritage systems. It aims to

identify and ensure global recognition of the

importance of unique traditional agricultural

systems for food security and sustainable

development. The GIAHS initiative explicitly

recognises that change in “traditional” political,

social and economic processes is inevitable; they

cannot be frozen or re-created. (ii) There is no

provision to give Geographical indication to

“ALL” varieties. Hence statement 3 is wrong.

By elimination method, we are left with answer

B- only 2.

47. (c)

48. (b) A soil health card provides information

about 12 soil parameters, so farmer can use

appropriate fertilizers. Hence only 3 is the

correct statement. Statement 1 and 2 are

irrelevant.

49. (c) Both statements are correct as per

Government notification.

50. (d)

51. (d)

52. (c)

53. (d)

54. (b)

55. (a)

56. (c)

57. (b)

58. (b)

59. (a)

60. (a) Barren Island volcano became active

again in March, 1991. A second phase of

eruptions started in 1995. So it means third

statement is wrong, by elimination, we've the

answer A) only 1.

61. (d)

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