IAA-B9-0201 The FireBird mission - a scientific mission for · TES (ISRO), PROBA (ESA), ......

The FireBird mission - a scientific mission for Earth observation and hot spot detection

Terzibaschian, ThomasReile, H., Lorenz, E.

DLR, Germany9th IAA SYMPOSIUM ON SMALL SATELLITES FOR EARTH OBSERVATION, Berlin 2013, Session 02, Missions I

Slice 2Berlin, 08.04.2013IAA-B9-0201 The FireBird mission - a scientific mission for Earth observation and hot spot detection

Content

1. BIRD HERITAGE FOR FIREBIRD2. THE MISSION GOALS3. THE MISSION POLICY4. THE MISSION SCHEDULE5. THE MISSION SEGEMENTS6. COOPERATION INTERFACES7. SUMMARY

This presentation will • introduce the FireBird mission• invite for cooperation• show the possible cooperation interfaces


1 BIRD HERITAGE FOR FIREBIRD (1)

PSLV-C3 (India) 22.10.2001TES (ISRO), PROBA (ESA), BIRD (DLR)SSO 568km circ., i = 97.8

BIRD payload with “Hot Spot Recognition System”

BIRD satellite (Flight Model)60x60x60 cm³, 90 kg

Mission goal:Fire reconnaissance by using a dedicated small satellite


1 BIRD HERITAGE FOR FIREBIRD (2)Fire

clusterNo

Eff. fire temp., K

Eff. fire area, Ha

Front length,

km

Energy release,

MW

Front strength,

kW/m

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

815

715

893

>670

852

957

>690

796

0.48

2.3

0.59

<0.78

0.92

1.0

<0.51

0.39

4

7.5

3

5

10

9

4

3

130

310

210

79

300

530

62

96

30

40

70

15

30

60

15

30

BIRD, Australia, January 5, 2002, table with fire products for each detected fire clustertemperature map of geo coded fire clusters’ temperatures (left image)

Mission accomplished: The BIRD data did permit the computation of“fire products” + geo coding in a unique quality and accuracy.


On-ground verification of night-time BIRD fire detection( 18 January 2003, “Ammersee” area, Bavaria, Germany)

BIRD image in MIR channel:Estimated fire energy release = 0.11 MW

On-ground image of the test fire:Active fire area 2x2 m²

Max. temperature = 930-990 KEnergy release < 0.17-0.22 MW

“…unique quality and accuracy…”

BIRD HERITAGE FOR FIREBIRD, examples


BIRD detects coal seam fires in the PR China (6. Feb. 2002, (First detection of these fires and evaluation from space)

BIRD-image of the MIR-channel

0.1 1 1 0 MW

Fire Energy Release in Mega Watt

Coal seams,region Wuda(photos: Sep.2001 within the framework of a MOST-DLR-Cooperation)

BIRD HERITAGE FOR FIREBIRD, examples


After the big success of the BIRD missionarose the question: How to continue ?

2011 DLR started to design the

“FireBird Mission”

BIR

D H

ERIT

AG

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R F

IREB

IRD

,

BIR

D H

ERITA

GE FO

R FIR

EBIR

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The „FireBird“ Mission

Scientific1 DLR Mission2 for IR remote sensing3 to

• investigation of high temperature events‘ contributions to climate change

• characterization of volcanic activities and forecasts• validation of other sensor products• investigation of anthropogenic influences on normal temperature

phenomena

1) Scientific = Not commercial, not operational2) DLR mission = All mission segments are controlled by DLR3) IR remote sensing = primary mission goal

FireBird is a DLR R&D project, led by the Institute of Optical Information Systems, Berlin

Fire Bird Mission

TET-1BIROS


2 THE FireBird MISSION GOALS (1)

Primary mission goal: remote sensingof high temperature events

• The same Hot Spot Recognition System as used by BIRD• Generation of fire products on board (BIRD algorithms)• Verification of new algorithms

• normal temperature events• multi resolution multi sensor technique (MMT)• …

• Extension to a two satellite constellation


System parameters VIS (3 CCD lines FPA) 2 IR cameras

Bands 500 / 600 / 800nm MWIR: 3,4 - 4,2 µm; LWIR: 8,5-9,3

µm

Focal length 90,9 mm 46,39 mm

FOV 19,6° 19°

Detector CCD- Zeile CdHgTe Arrays

cooling Passive, 20 ° C Stirling, 80 - 100 K

Pixel size 7 µm x 7 µm 30 µm x 30 µm

Number of pixels 3x5164 2 x 512 staggered

Quantisation 14 bit 14 bit

Ground pixel size 42,4 m 2) 356 m 2)

GSD 42,4 m 2) 178 m 2)

Swath width 211 km 2) 178 km 2)

Interface Data LVDS SpaceWire LVDS SpaceWire

Data rate max 44 Mbit/s 1)nom

11,2

0,35 Mbit/s

(ground resolution of VIS channel increased)



The two satellite constellation:

1. The TET-1 satellite (launched June,2012)Is now used by the On Orbit Verification Mission of the DLR space administration.After one year in space it changes to the FireBird mission of the DLR R&D program directorate space

2. The BIROS satellite (launched expected 2014)Funding from German Government (satellite BUS) and from DLR R&D program directorate space.

TET-1: 60x60x80 cm³, 120 kg, 500 km SSOBIROS: 60x60x80 cm³, 140 kg, 500..600 km SSO



The BIROS satellite gives the opportunity for working on secondary mission goals

1. Optical navigation experiment “AVANTI”• PicoSat launch from BIROS• The PicoSat serves as non cooperative target for optical navigation

and proximity operations (100m ………10 km distance)• Inter satellite link PicoSat BIROS permits the usage of the PicoSat

GPS receiver as a BIROS “remote device” for AVANTI verification

Relation to primary mission goal:Experiences for a cooperative behavior of different small satellites in futurein fulfilling a common task for future mission concepts




2. On Board Mission Planning experiment “VAMOS”1. Special SW in the on the BIROS payload computer2. A special shadow command list in the BIROS board computer3. Alternative on board scenarios depending on conditions like

• Memory usage• Battery level• Clouds over the target areas• Detection of fires in the target region (yes/no)

4. Autonomous decision on board about the mission scenarioRelation to primary mission goal:

Increased efficiency of an Earth Observation mission by maximizingthe usage of on board resources




3. Optical communication experiment “OSIRIS”• 3 different laser systems for communication to ground• data rate up to 1 Gbit/s• four quadrant laser detector on board for increased pointing

accuracy• a beacon laser from ground to satellite supports the BIROS

attitude control and can be used for an optical data uplink

Relation to primary mission goal:Dramatic extension of downlink capacity comparing it with the standardS-band transmitter of BIROS




4. High Agility Experiment “HTW”• 3 special high torque wheels• Slew rate up 3 deg/s• Different acceleration profiles• Verification of several satellite slew profiles• Study of interaction with normal attitude control

Relation to primary mission goal:Multiple image stripes over one target areaFast switching between different targetsFast re orientation to Sun (more power)


3 THE MISSION POLICY

1. FireBird is a DLR mission• all mission segments are controlled by DLR R&D• the mission is organized as a DLR R&D project

2. FireBird is a science mission• The mission is not focused on commercial aspects• The mission is not operational• The mission is steered by an “Principal Investigator” and an

international, open science team• The mission is open for other EO topics

3. FireBird is an IR mission for remote sensing of hightemperature events• this is the main goal of the mission• but secondary goals are accepted and desired


4 THE MISSION SCHEDULE

TET-1 launch as part ofThe OOV mission

TET-1 becomes partof the FireBird mission

BIROS launchconstellation withTET-1

Project endsMission …?

Mission KO

TET-1

BiROS

2012June 20

2013 2014July 2011(

Dec 2015

I m p l e m e n t a t i o n p h a s e Operational phase I Operational phase II


4 THE MISSION SCHEDULE

TET-1 is in orbit since June 2013(perfect launch from Baikonur)The picture shows the controlroom teams during LEOP.BIROS STM is close to finalVibration tests (right picture)


5 THE MISSION SEGEMENTS

The segments and its elementsmission operation & control{ Contr. Center, Ground Stations}

ground segmentdata { ground stations, archive, processing}

space segment {TET-1 , BiROS }

launch segment {Launch provider, Launch vehicle, Launch pad , Launch orbit} TBD

user segment == Science Segment { Principal Investigator, Science Team }

German Space Operations Center

German Remote-sensing Data Centre


The two circles above Europe show the area covered by the DFD antenna (Neustrelitz)and Weilheim (GSOC) – the scheduled default antennas for FireBird.


Launch segment: desired BIROS orbit &launch date

• piggy back launch

• 500 (best)…600 km circular, SSO

• Ascending node 10:00.. 13:30 (best case)

• date: mid…end of 2014


6 COOPERATION INTERFACES

Reasons for cooperation :

• improve the scientific relevance of the mission results• overcome the bottle neck : download capacity• Fire is a global topic

Interfaces for cooperationin all mission segments


6 COOPERATION INTERFACESUser segment:

• the science team – especially for fire topics• The DLR Earth Observation Center

• interfaces for data access

Ground segment:• Receiving stations, exchange downlink opportunity EO data• uplink stations, exchange EO data

Space segment:• Other EO missions with relevant sensors

• Cross validation / calibrations• Other satellites become “part of the mission”

• Common definition of sensors• Common decision about orbits• Common usage of the ground segment• Increase “operability”

launch segment:• Launch opportunity EO data, taking part in the FireBird mission


7 SUMMARY

• The FireBird mission is an exciting small satellite EO mission

• It is a “repetition” and remarkable extension of the BIRD mission• On board generation of “fire products”• Satellite constellation

• It is the next step towards an operable global fire monitoring, based on small satellite

• The secondary BIROS payloads prepare next steps • High speed data downlink for small satellites• High agility extends the EO abilities• Proximity operations prepare new mission concepts• Small satellites can launch pico satellites• Extended on board autonomy up to a variable mission planning

• The FireBird mission is looking for cooperation


THANK YOU FOR THE ATTENTION

Points of contact:

Program director space [email protected]

Project leader FireBird [email protected]

Principal Investigator FireBird [email protected]

Earth Observation Center [email protected](Science Coordinator)

Project leader BIROS [email protected]

IAA-B9-0201 The FireBird mission - a scientific mission for · TES (ISRO), PROBA (ESA), ......

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