INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM

LAYERS OF SKIN

Outermost layer of skin is the Epidermis. Oil glands of the skin are called Sebaceous glands. Corium, or true skin is called the Dermis.

The skin is a membrane, organ and a system.

The epidermis is elastic and fibrous connective tissue Sudoriferous glands eliminate perspiration containing

water, salts, and some wastes.

Acne vulgaris may be treated with antibiotics and ultraviolet light.

If blood vessels dilate, this means that heat is being retained in the body.

Eczema can be caused by diet, soaps, medications and even emotional stress.

Alopecia is a permanent loss of hair of the scalp

Itchy, raised areas with irregular shapes

are. called wheals.

A blister or a fluid-filled sac is a

vesicle.

A scab is a crust

Bluish discoloration of the skin is called

Cyanosis

Contact Dermatitis –ie. Poison ivy

RING Worm-like scabies are on the

skin

OTHER SKIN CONDITIONS

skin color caused by liver or gallbladder disease is called jaundice.

Skin coloration caused by congestion of blood or burns-erythema

Skin colorations Erythema

INFLAMMATORY LESIONS OF THE SKINA deep loss of skin surface that could extend into dermis-ulcer

A firm, raised area is called a papule.

A macule is a small spot that is not palpable & that is < 1 cm

WHAT SHOULD WE KNOW?

What is it?Erythema multiforme is a general term used to describe an immune complex mediated hypersensitivity reaction to different causative agents.

AetiologyDrugs - Penicillin, sulphonamides, barbiturates, NSAIDs, thiazides, phenytoin, vaccinationsViruses - Herpes simplex, hepatitis A and BBacteria – StreptococcusFungi, mycoplasma, malignancy, radiotherapy, pregnancy20 - 50% idiopathic

PathophysiologyNot completely understood, likely hypersensitivity reaction.

Epidemiology-CAUSE

The highest incidence is in the second to fourth decades of life, with 20% of cases occurring in children and adolescents.

Features

The hallmark of erythema multiforme is a 'target' lesion with variable mucous membrane involvement. The initial lesion is a dull red macule or urticarial plaque that expands slightly to a maximum of 2cm over 24 - 48 hours.

In the center, a small papule, vesicle or bulla develops, flattens and then may clear. The intermediate ring develops and becomes raised, pale and edematous.

The periphery gradually changes  to become cyanotic or violaceous, resulting in the characteristic target lesion.

TICKET OUT THE DOORFROM YOUR NOTES DEFINE THE FOLLOWING

Macule UlcerPapule Wheal Vesicle CyanosisCrustEpidermisDermis EczemaAcne vulgaris DilatedAlopeciaSudiferous glands