I' Joltlit'JoltlitJollity · 2018. 11. 9. · ..JJ " '-THE OPERATIONS OFOF THE 1ST DIVISIONDIVISIO...
Transcript of I' Joltlit'JoltlitJollity · 2018. 11. 9. · ..JJ " '-THE OPERATIONS OFOF THE 1ST DIVISIONDIVISIO...
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. . Joltlit'JoltlitJollity' .,. r'7'r7*' ' >'" .lOfo'lOfoLIFO'
- 1_ . . ... . . . ... - - , .
THE INFANTRY SCHOOLSCHOOL-FOURTH
SHOO-TOUT
SCHOOL-FOURTH
SHOO-TOUT
SCHOOL-FOURTH
SHOO-TOUTFOURTH SECTIONSECTION-
COMMITTEESECTION-
COMMITTEESECTION-
COMMITTEECOMMITTEE Q ,FORT BENNINGGEORGIA.BENNINGGEORGIABENNING.GEORGIA.,. .* J-6J6J6COMP-
ANY
--bbbCO-
"PANY
bCO-
PANY
co-
mpanyCOMPANYCO"PANYCOPANYCPA" OFFICERS1OFFICERS'OFFICERSOFFICERS'COURSE.OFFICERSCOURSEOFFICERS' COURSE ,.1924-1925192419251924-1925.19241925.1925.1924.1925.1924192519241925.T-
HE
19241925T-
HE
1924.1925.T-
HE
-. ,.
THE OPERATIONS OFor THETHITHAI 1ST18T DIVISION IN THETHITHAITHE-
SECONDT-
HESETHI-
STHE-
SECONDT-
HESESECONDS CONDCOD PHASE OFor THE MEUSE-ARGONNE.MEUSEARGONNE.MEUSE.ARGONNE.MEUSEARGONNEMUSEARGONMEUSEARGONNE-
.CAPTAIN
MEUSEARGONNE-
.CAPTAIN
MEUSE.ARGONNE-
.CAPTAIN
-. .
CAPTAIN B.BB ., Fr.r,. CAFPfHjR.CAFPfHjRCAFJR.CAFJRAFROOAr JR.JR. , INFANTRY.INFANTRY.
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JI
4'4'
," '
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a- " - . . - - - . , . . . .. . ,
INDEX.INDEXI N D E! X.XX-
.Bibliography
X .,
PAGE.PAGEPAG-
E.Bibliography
PAGPAGEPG! .,
BibliographyBibliography-
IntroductionBiblio-graphy
iiii-
Introductionii-
IntroductionIntroductionIntroduction-
GeneralIntrodu-ction
11-
General
1-
GeneralGeneral SituationSituation-
SpecialSituat-
ions22-
Special
2-
SpecialSpecial SituationSituation-
TerrainSitua-
tion22-
Terrain
2-
TerrainTerrainTerrain-
Mission
Trans-mission
33-
Mission
3-
MissionMissionMission-
Operation.
Disint-egration
44-
Operations
4-
OperationsOperationsOperation.Operation. :
.September 30 - October 3 , 5;5-
October
5-
October
iIi
II-
I
October 4-5454 - 5.55-
.October
5-
October
5 ,. 99-
October
9-
OctoberOctober 6 . 8 , 2020-
October
20-
2J
20-
October
I
I JJ-
I
."""October 9 , 2j2j-
October
2-
Jii
2j-
October
-;: '--
October 10 - 11 , 22727-
Gaine
27-
Gains
?
OainaGaineGainsOcarinaGaines and LossesLOlaelLola 2828-
Analysis
2-
8Anal'sia
2-
8Analsia
28-
Analysis . ,AnalysisAnal'siaAnalsiaAnnals)' and CriticismsCritici.meCriticimeCriticism. 2929-
Lsssons
2-
9Leilone
29-
Lessons
,- . I
LsssonsLeiloneLessons 313-
1ILLUSTRATIONS.
3-
1ILLUSTRATIONS
31-
I
/- )
.. .. .. .. .. - - - ... . - - . .>. . >,
ILLUSTRATIONS.ILLUSTRATIONSILLUSTRATIONS.S-ituation
Illustrati-onsILLI L L U S : TTRATTRACTRAT II0N0 H S.SS-
.Situation
O-
ssification
.
Situation mapmap.,. FirstFiratFrat Army , SeptSept.*., 30th Il8.Il819181918sIl8.-
SituationIl8-
Situation
1918-
sSituation
? .,
Situation map , 1stlet DivisionDivi8ion , Oct.OctOct ., 1-111111.11111-. , 19181918.,.
,1i1-
It
'.rr.
, .' /*">
jBIBLIOGRAPHYB I B L"LL"I'AL" I'AIAI ' 3:> G RAPR A P H Y :
Society ofot the FirstFirltFilet DivisionDivillonDillon ; "HistoryHistory"HietoryHietory" ofot the FirstFir.tFirt. DiviDiv-DivDivi.Divi-sion
Div-.ion
Div-ine
Divi-.sion
Divi-sion
! ¬-.sion.ionionscion. during the World War , 1917-1919"19171919"1919- " .,The John C.C. WinstonWin.ionWinionMinion. Co.Co. Philadelphia ,Pa.PaPa,. , 1922.1922192-
2.FarrellT.F.
192-
2FarrellTF192-
2.FarrellT.r.
192-
2FarrellTr.*
FarrellT.F.FarrellTFFarrellT.r.FarrellTrFarrellFarrell , T ., F ., ; "TheThe" CaptureCaptur.Captur. and DefenseDetenleDetente ofot Hill 269 by thethe-1st
th-el.t
Et-hel
the-let
hel-met1stl.tltlet. . *"* TheEngineersEngineer.EngineerEngineers" , Military Engineer ,
, ( vol.volviol. 13 , pagespageepage 51-57)5157)57Sl-57)Sl51-57)o57)o57o- ) , 1921.19211921-
.Legg
1921-
Legg
1921.-
"The
1921-
The.JlJ-
LegsL-
egsl-
Leggl-
eggyLeggLegsLeggy , R.B.RBRB., ., ; "TheThe" 1stl.tltlstlast. DivisionDivieion in the Meuee-ArgonneMeueeArgonneeu8e-Argonne.eu8eArgonne.eu8eArgonne.iLeuse-ArgonneiLeuseMeleeJargonedArgonlese, - ,. SeptemSeptem-SeptumSeptem-ber
¬-berbeer 26 to October 12 , 19l3M1918"1918" MonographMonograph-of
Monogra-phof the World War ( pagespage.page. 555-556)555556)556S55-5S6)S555S6)5S6- ) , TheTh-eInfantry
T-enant Th-eInfantry
T-enant Th-eInfantry
T-enantInfantry School,1923.School1923.School1923Bchool,1923.Bchool1923.Bchool1923School,1923.-
Thomas
School1923T-
homas
Bchool,1923.-
Thoma
Bchool1923T-
homa
School,1923.-
Thomas
School1923T-
homas
, .
ThomasThomaTahoma_ , ShipleyShirley ; "HistoryHistory"HiltoryHiltory" of the A.E.FAEFAFF.AFFABEFF., ., ?:. Oeo.Oeo5eo.5eoOreoSea ., H.HH ., Doran Co.CoCo-.New
C-one
Co-.New
C-one
Co-.New
C-one
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0.PerchingJ.J.
192-
0PerchingJJ1192-
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0PershingJJ9 20 .
PerchingJ.J.PerchingJJPershinsJ.J.PershinsJJPershingJJPerchingPersiansPerishing, ., ., and LiggettHLeggett, ; "ReportReport" of the FirstFiretFret Army ,American Expeditionary Forces"ForcesForce.Force. " , TheThe-General
Te-enier
The-General
Te-enier
The-General
Te-enierGeneral ServiceSirlia.SirliaSilvia. SchoolsSchool.School. Presspre.IpreIpre. , Ft.FtFt-.Leavenworth
Ft-.L.avenworth
Ft-.Leavenworth
.LeavenworthL.avenworthLavenworthBlameworthy. , Kan.KanKahn., 19231923.1923-
.Harp
1923-
Harp
1923-
.Harpers'192-
3Harpers*.
HarpersHarpers'Harp e r.r. *' ;: "PictorialPictorial" P :I.I. c tortore 1 a 1 HistoryH 1.1.t 0 ry; of0o tf the WorldW 0 rl d War"vol.WarvolWarholWarWar"It" , ( Yvol.volviol01 . 5)5) ,Harper and Brothers.BrothersBroth.r.BrothrBrother. . ., NewNe.Ne. York andand-London
da-ndelion
and-London
da-ndelion
and-London
da-ndelionLondon , 1920.19201920-
.Palmer
1920-
Palmer
1920-
.Palmer
1920-
Palmer
.,
Palmer , FrederickFrederiok.Frederiok;. "OurOur" Greatest Battle1Battle"Battle"* . Dodd Mead andand-Co.
An-do
and-Co.
An-do
and-Co.
An-doCo.Co. , NewNe.Ne. York , 1919.19191919-
.Ayres
1919-
Ayres
1919.-
Ayre.
1919-
Ayre
1919-
.Ayres
1919-
Ayres
.
AyresAyre.Ayre. , LeonardLeonar P ; "TheThe" War with Germany , a StatisticalStatieticalStatisticalSu-mmary"
StatisticalS-ummary Statis-tical StatieticalS-ummary"
StatieticalS-ummary Statis-tical StatisticalSu-mmary"
StatisticalS-ummary Statis-ticalSummary"Summary" . Government Printing Officeotficeof ficefiche ,WashingtonWashington.,. D.C.DC. . 1919.19191919-
."History
191-
9History
1919-
."Hi.tory
191-
9Hitory1919-
."History
191-
9History
.
"HistoryHistory"Hi.toryHitory" . of the 2nd Machine Gun Battalion , FirstFiretFret Division"DivisionDivi.ion"DiviionDivision"-Official
Division-Official Divi-sion
. "I,I-
Pershing
P-
erishing
OfficialOtficia1 HistoryH1etory publishedpubli.hedpublihed. by HymansHyman.HymanHymensHymnsHyman-sPublishing
Hyma-n.Pub1iehing
Hyma-nPub1iehing
Hymen-sPublishing
.PublishingPub1iehing Co.Co. New YorkYork.York,. 1920.19201920-
.Page
1920-
Page
1920.-
Pase.
1920-
Pase
.,
PagePase.PasePasse,. A.W.AWA.A. W.W. ;: "OurOur" 110 DaysDay.Day. Fighting"Fighting" . DoubledayDouble day , Page andand-Company
anc-
hormanand-
OompanyAn-
damanand-
Companyanc-
hormanCompanyOompany , 1920.19201920-
.Pershing
1920-
Pershing192-
0.P.r.hinl
192-
0Prhinl.,
PershingP.r.hinlPrhinlPerishingPhil. . , Gen.Gen. J.J.JJJJ., ., ; ReportR.porRporPoor. of November 20 , 1918 , correctedcorrlotldcorrelatedcorrected-to
corrlotld-to
correcte-d correlat-edto January 16 , 19191919.*., Finalrinalurinal Report ,September 1 , 1919 , War Department , 1919.19191919-
.Johnson
1919-
Johnson
1919-
.JOhn.on
1919-
JOhnon
.,
JohnsonJOhn.onJOhnon. , D.W.DW., ., ; "BattlefieldsBattlefields"Battlefield.Battlefield" . of the World War"War" . Oxford UniUni-UnixUn-iversity
Un-ivlr.it
Uni-versity
Un-iversity
¬-versityvlr.itvlritveritylariat. , PressPr.Pr. . . ,. New YorkYork.York,. 1921.19211921-
.Pershing
1921-
Pershing
1921-
.Per.hing.
192-
1Perhing
1921-
.Pershing
1921-
Pershing
.
PershingPer.hing.PerhingPerishingPerching. ,. Genaen.aenGen.Genamen,. J.J.JJJ.J. ., ; Speech at Camp Dix , N.JNJN.J.., ,. November 11,1920.111920.11192011,1'20.11120.1112011,1920.-
Summerall
111920-
Summerall
11,1'20.-
Summerall
11120S-
ummerall
11,1920.-
Summerall
111920-
Summerall
, ' .
SummerallSummer , Maj.Gen.CP.MajGenCPWaj.Gen.C.P.WajGenCPMajGenCP.MageWage., ., ,. . ; Letter to the author , dated MarchMarohMarco 23 ,1925.19251925-
.fialleger192-
5fialleger
1925-
.Dalllgir.192-
5Dalllgir
1925-
.Dalleger
1925-
Dalleger
.
fiallegerDalllgir.DalllgirDallegerfaille,. LieutLieut.Lieu*., Col.Col011.011Cool. Jas.JasJa.JaJabs. . ( deceaseddecla.eddeclaeddeclared. ) ; Verbal statements.tatemlnt.tatemlntstatement. . toto-author.
co-
authorto-
author.co-
authorto-
author.co-
authorauthor.author. ( He waswalwail A.C.ofACofCoifAC., . f 5G-35G3B.a-3B.a3B.aBIG-3tBIG3t,. - , 35th3th, Div.DivDiY.DiY., 1,1-
on. " . . . - . . . . .- . . . , --onon-. ' .-en.c-o.co.--S.apteS.apte.coS.apteSatecomateon8- --88- -&.aptemberattempter*ptebpate#b.'tbt.t' 30 , 19ld.19ld1918.191819819ld.-
Ryder
19ld-
Ryder
.,
RyderR,4Ir.R4Ir.R4Ir, ,. Maj.MajMa. C.W.CWa.w.aw., ., ; VerbalV.rbalVrbal. statementsItat.mln"ItatmlnVitamin. " . to author , 19251925.*. ( He comoom-oomcom-boomcom-manded
oom-aaD4ed
com-manded
¬-mandedaaD4edmended 1st1.t1tlet. Bn.BnID.IDBn ., 16th InfantryInfantry.,. SeptemberS.ptemberSptemberSeptembe-r30Ootober
S.ptembe-r3000toblr
Sptembe-r3000toblr
Septembe-r30October
.30-Ootober30Ootober30-00toblr00toblr30-OctoberOctober- 12 , 1918)1918) .
iii1i1-
B
"II" i'"\
Cornish , Captain G.R.F.GRFGRAF. . . ;: Verbal statementItatementlstatements! to author ,1925.19251 9 2; . ( CaptainCap t a in.in,. 26th2 6t h InfantryInfantry-Sep
Infant-ry InInfantr-ySepber Infa-ntry fan t r)'SepSepberSleeper,, ftSLbertusker, .rr. 30-October30October30-0ctober0ctober- 1212.12,. 1918)19181918-
)Butler
1918-
Butler
1918)-
Butler.
1918-
Butler1918-
)Butler
1918-
Butler
)
ButlerButler.,. Captain G.E.GEG.E.iGEiGi. . ; Verbal statementsItatementlStatement to authorauthor.,. 19251925.192-5.lit
192-5lit
1925-.let
192-5let
*.(1st1st( litlet LieutLieut.Lieu,. 28th Infantry , SepSep.Sep-Sep-tember
Sep-.tember
Sep-tember
Sep-tember
¬.-temberember 30 - October 12 , 1918)19181918)-
Helseley1918-
Helseley1918-
)Hellele
1918-
Hellele
1918)-
Helseley1918-
Helseley
)
HelseleyHelleleHeleneHellene, ,. Captain A.AA ., B.BBB-
F
. ;: Verbal statementsIt at ement.ementcement. to author.authorauthoauthor r.r., ( HeHe-
wasH-
ewsHe-
walH-
ealHe-
wasH-
ewswaswalwail a 1stlit LieutLieut.Lieu,. in the M.G.MGMG.., . Co.CoCo-
.16thC-
o16thCo ., .
16th Infantry October l-12thl12th1-12th1- 19l8)19l81918)19181910.19101910.-
Boyd
1910-
Boyd
) .
CaffejrCoffey,Chafferc.tt.cttct. ." , Captain B.BB ., F.FF . ;: PersonalPerlonal experiencesexperiencelexperience of the authorauth.rauthrauthor-as
auth.r-al
autho-rs
author-ial
.asal A.O.efAOefA.C.ofACofA.G.ofAGofAloeCoifAGo. . S.S6 ., G-3iG3iG-33- , litlet DivisionDivi,1onDivi1on, ,September 26 - October 12 , 1918.19181918.-
Boyd
1918-
Boyd
1918.-
Boyd.
1918-
Boyd
1918-
.Verbal
1918-
Verbal
.
BoydBoyd.,. Captain L.L. R.R. ; Verbal ettttementestatements to author , 1925.1925. ( HeHe-
commandedRe-
commendedHe-
comlntindedHe-
commandedRe-
commendedcommandedcomlntindedcollided Co.HDMCoHDMCo."D--Co."DCoDCo."D16thC o.o. "D"D" -"-, l6th16th Infantry ,
October 9 , Il3)Il31918)1918l ? la ) .
,.
....
.JJ"'-
THE OPERATIONS OFO F THE 1ST DIVISIONDIVISIO IN THETHE-SECOND
T-HESE
THE-SECOND
T-HESE
THE-SECOND
T-HESESECOND PHASE OF THE MEUSE-ARGONNE.MEUSEARGONNE.MUSEARGONMEUSEARGONNE.-
INTRODUCTION.
- .
INTRODUCTION.INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION-
.In
Introductio-n
.
In order to understand why and how the litlot DivisionDiY1eionDivision-
vaa
DiY1eion-
vas
Division-
was
Divisi-onvaavaswasaa able tot o drive the vedguwedguwedsVDUwedge east ofo f the ArgonneJargoned ForestForeltFloretForest-
OctoberFore-
stationForelt-
OctoberFor-
elockForest-
OctoberFore-
stationOctober 1121.121-12.112.112.*-. ,. 19181918.,. it isil necessary to get the backback-back-
ground
back-
ground
back-
ground
¬-
ground of the organization.organizationorganization.-
Shortlyorganiza-
tionsorganization.-
Shortlyorganiza-
tions.
Shortly afteratterLatter the United StatesStatalStrata declared war on GerGer-GearGer-
many
Ger-
many
Ger-
many
¬-
(1)1( ) 1stlItlstlast Div.DivDiv-.Histp.1.
Di-vHistp1
Div-.Hilt.p.l.
Div-.Mist.p.1.
Di-vMistp1
. many , April 66,191761917, 1917)1917), the let Division waswaewade organized.(1)organized.1organized1organ1zed.(1)organ1zed.1organ1zed1organized(1organized.(1)-
The
organized1T-
heorgan1zed.(1)-
The
organ1zed1T-
he., ( )
Histp.1.Histp1.Histp1Hilt.p.l.HiltplMist.p.1.Mistp1.Mistp1Hilltop,. . .The originalorlginal unitsuniZuni t.t. of0 t the divisiondivisivisit on.on,. infantryinfantry.in fantfaint ry.ry. , artilleryart ill er1.er1,.
(2)2( ) PerehingPershingPerchingPerishing , engineersengineeraengineer , wereweraera selectedle1ectd personallyperaonally by General Pershing.(2)Pershing.2Pershing2Persh1ng.(2)Persh1ng.2Persh1ng2Pershing.(2)-Gen
Pershing2G-enPersh1ng.(2)-
Gen..peechPersh1ng2-
Genpeech. ( )
GenGen..peechGenpeechHenpeckGen..peechC-amp
*., speechspeech-Camp
spee-ch
speech-Camp
spee-ch
.Camp DixD1x.D1x,. The unitsunitlunit of the division as&ss& eventually constituted were :*
N.J.NJ. . Nov.11Nov11Nov.llNovllNovell. ,
1920 , DivisionDivieion HeadquartersHeadQuarter_ ,
HeadquartersHeadquarterlHeadquarter Troop ,
1stlet Infantry Brigade-BrigadeBrigade-
l6thBrigade-
16th
Brigade-
16th
: -
l6th16th Infantry ; l8th18th Infantry ; 2nd Machine GunGu-
nBattalion
Un-
attainedGu-
nBattalion.
Un-
attainedGu-
nBattalion
Un-
attainedBattalionBattalion.Battalion.-
2nd
Battalion-2nd
,.
2nd InfantryIn fantfaint 17 Brigade-BrigadeBrigade-
26th
BBrigade-
26th
1'111' gade-gadegladegade-
26th
: -
26th Infantry ; 28th InfantryIntantry ; 3rd Machine GunGu-
nBattalion.
Un-
attainedGu-
nBattalion.
Un-
attainedGu-
nBattalion
Un-
attainedBattalion.BattalionBattalion.-
1stBattalion-
1stBattalion-
.lItBattali-on
.,
1stlIt Field'1 el d Artillery Brigade-BrigadeBrigade-
5th
: -..
5th Field1i e1 cl ArtilleryArtillAril e ry (155155( nmm.mm. HowitsersfHowitzersHowitsersf-6th
HowitzerlHowitzersHowitzer ) ,?,6th FieldF1 81 d Artillery (7575(1515( mo.momm.mmmm ., gunsgunlgun ) ; 7th FieldField-
ArtilleryFil-
arialField-
Arti1l.
Field-
Arti1l
Field-
ArtilleryFil-
arialArtilleryArti1l.Arti1l. ry (7575( mmmm.mm,. gunsgunI ) ; 1stlet Trench MortarMortal'Mortal' Battery ,_
1stlitlot RegimentReiiment ofo f Engineers.EngineersEngineerl.EngineerlEngineerEngineers-
.1st
Engineers-
1st
Engineerl-
.litEngineers-
.lot
Engine-er
Engine-ers
.
1stlitlot Machine Gun BattalionBattalion.,.
2nd Field SignalSigDa1 Battalion ,
(3)3( ) Htlitlot Div.DivDiv-.Hist.
DiY ., TheTh.Th. divisionaldiY11ional trains.trainstrainl.trainltrail. (3)3(3)-
The
3T-
he(3)-
The
3T-
he(3)-
Hist3-
Hist( )
Hist.HistHilt.HiltHeist., p.l.plpl.., .The first unitsunit.unit. debarked at Saint NasaireNala1re.Nala1reMassacre,. FranceFrance-
on
Fran-ceon June 2626.26,. 19171911 and by September 30 , 19171911.191119179,. all the eoncomcoaxcom-
bat(4)4( 4)4) 1stlitlot Div.DivDi.Di. . bat element81.ment.81ment.81mentelements. *. ofoto f the divisiond1vil1on were.er.er. . on French soil.soil1011.1011., (4)4(4)-Hist.p.6
4-Histp6(4).-
on.
(4)-Histp,6
4-Histp6( )
Hist.p.6Histp.6Histp6Hilt.p.6Hiltp.6Hiltp6Histp,6Hist.p.6-andHistp6a-ndHilt.p.6a-ndHiltp6a-ndHistp,6a-nd
., .,and p.10p10p.10.p10.. ,.
--.on..on.- - . one--oneone.-
J
on-
e
. -. -. *..
The division was assembleda8le bled in the GondrecourtGondreoourtNonreactor areaarea-
where
free-
wheel
area-
where
free-
wheel
area-
where
free-
wheelwhere it underwent an intensiveintenlive period ofor training inin-
open
n-
opein-
open
n-
opein-
open
n-
opeopen and trench warfare.warfare. This training included duty inin-
quietun-
quietin-
quietun-
quiet(5)5( ) PersonalPerlonalPersonal-experience.Pers-onablePersonal-experience.Pers-onable quiet sectorslectorllector in the trenches.trenches. (5)5( ) In all of this traintrain-train-
ingtraine-xperience. tran-sparence train-
ing¬-
experience.experience.ingKing , the facttaetteat that the rifle and bayonet are the principrinci-princeprinci-
palprinci-
(6)princ-
i6p rinci.rinciPrincipe¬-.
(6)6( ) PersonalPerlonalPersonal-experience.Pers-onable
pal weapons ofo f the Infantry waswalwail stronglystronly, emphaeiied.(6)emphaeiied.6emphaeiied6emphasiled.(6)emphasiled.6emphasiled6emphasised(6)emphasised6emphaeiied.(6)F-
romemphaeiied6F-
romemphasised(6)e-
xperience.emphasised6e-xperience ., ( )
experience.experience. xp e ri en C e .From the middle oforo f January until the firsttirlttilt ofo f April ,
1918.1918. the DivisionDivilion occupied what later came to be knownknow-
nthruout(77(1)1(7)7( ) PersonalPersonal-experience.Pers-onable
thruoutthroatth ruoutrubout the A.EF.AEFA.E.F.ABE. ,. . asa8 the "sectorsector"IeotorIeotorDieter" north oforo f Toul"ToulToulon" (7)7(7)-
From
7F-
rom(7)-
exp7e-xp(7)-
experience.7e-
xperience( )
experience.experienceexp erienee.erieneeserene.From May 19131918 to September 20th 1918 , the divisiondivision-
haddivisi-
onhad fought at CantignyCantigny.Canting,. in the great allied counter ofof-
fensive
of-ofof-
fensive
of-
fensive
¬-
fensivefestive ofo f July 18 , 1918 and at Saint MihielMichelMihiMish el , with honorhonor-
and
hono-
red(8)8( ) PersonalPersonal-experience.Pers-onable
and distinction.distinction., (8)8( ) Thus , the line and staffstarrstarry ofo f the DiviDiv-DivDivi-Divi-
sion
Div-experience.
Divi-experience.
! ¬-experience.experience .
sionlionscion were thoroughly seasonedlealonedslalomed and as a result ofot nevernever-
having
lever-
agingnever-
having
lever-
agingnever-
having
lever-
aginghaving been defeated , the'moralethemoraletemporal' of all ranksranklrankle waswalwail veryvery-
high.
over-
lying(9)9( 9)9) PersonalPersonalk-nowledge.Pers-onalP.P. r 80 n &1 high.high., (9)9(9)-knowledge.
9k-nowledge
(9)-knowledge
9k-nowledge
( )knowledge.knowledgeknowledg-
e.lOPersonal
know-
ledge
.,GENERAL SITUATION.SITUATIONSITUATION-
.The
Situati-on
.
The battle of the Meuse-ArgonneMeuseArgonneWeule-ArgQnneWeuleArgQnneMuseJargonedWelledAgnesMeuseMuse- ArgonneJargoned began on SeptemberSeptember-
26th
Septembe-
rlOPerSepte-
mberSeptembe-
r(10)Personal
Septembe-
r10PersonallOPersonal(10)Personal10Personalelopers( lOPersonalk-nowledge
lOPerlOPe) ona1 26th6t 1918 and made rapid progressprogrel until September 28th.(10)28th.1028th1028th.lO28thlO28th.(10)-
By
28th10B-y
28th.(10)k-nowledge
28th10k-nowledge
. ( )knowledgek nowlowl edge.edge*.,
By September 29th thethegreenthereon,
green divisionsdivision.division. in the front lineslines-met
lines-men
lines-met
lines-men
lines-met
lines-menmet the full brunt of violent enemy reactions.reactions. Due toto-
lack
Po-
llack
to-
1aok
to-
lack
Po-
llacklack1aok of training and disciplinediecipline.diecipline,. and poor leadership , itit-
was
vi-
tasit-
wal.nec..laryit-
was
vi-
taswaswal.nec..larywalneclaryalveolar. necessary. . to relieverilleverile fourtour front line divisionsdivil1onl , amongamonlammonalamong-
them
amo-ngst(11)1111)( ) HarperHarp e r ,. them the 35th3th, Division.DivisionD1v111on., (11)11(11)S-
PECIAL
11S-
PECIAL
(11)S-
PF.CIAL
11S-
PFCIAL
(11)-Vol
11-Vol
( )
vol.5Pvol5P'tol.Sp.tolSptollsVolViol' .5p.5p.5p. , .232-233.232233.232233.232.233.232233232233-
.(12)ltt
23223-
312ltt
-. . SPECIALSPF.CIALSPFCIALESPECIAL. SITUATION.SITUATIONSITUATION.-
When
Situat-ion
.,
When the Meuse-ArgonneMeuseArgonneMeule-ArgonneMeuleMouse-ArgonneMouseMuseJargonedMule- operationsoperation.operation. commencedcommenc.d.commencd. ,. the 1stlitlet1st-
Division
lit-
Divi.ion
tit-
ivationlet-
DivisionDivisionDivi.ionDiviion. waswalwail assigneda.elinedaelinedaligned. tott the III CorpsCorplCorp and placedplacid in ArmyArm1Arm-
yReserve.
Arm-
1R.I.rv.
Arm-
1RIrv
Arm-
yReserve
Ar-mrest(12)ltt12ltt(12)1It121It(1212( ) l st Div.DivDiv-
.HistDiv-
viesDiYDiv ., Reserve.ReserveR.I.rv.RIrvRI. . . ., (12)12( ) The division41v111on headquartersheadquarter.headquarter. waswAiwaif at Benoite-BenoiteBenoit-BenoitBenitoBenoite-
Vaux
Benzo-
ateBenoit-
Vaux
Seno-rita
Benoite-
Vaux
Benzo-
ate,-
HistHi.t.HitHeist. ,. p174.174114.114., VauxAux , southlouthlout ofot Souilly.SouillySouilll.SouilllSully., The unitsunit.unit. of the divisiond1v111on werewer-
eastride
dere-
stricted
wer-
eastride
dere-
stricted
wer-
eastride
dere-
strictedastride theihehe "VoieVoie"V01eV01eVoice" SacSacr.e"SacreSacres"SacresAcreAcresree"reefree. " withwitbwit the foottoot troopstroop.troop. generallygeneralllgenerallyt-
wo
generalll.t-
wo.
genera-
lly---.two.-.two.two- - - -two--two-. two-
The
toot-
hed
.two-
.(5)
tw-
o5
-. -. *-*
'.II.. . , " . , ... . . . . .4".44. " "
. . . , .
west of the road and the mounted unitsunite on the east.easteaat.eaateateast ., TheTh-
eunits
Te-
nnisThe-
unit.
He-
nbitTh-
eunits
Te-
nnisunitsunit.unit. had been purposelypurpo.elypurpoely. so80 placed aea8as the Army expectedexpected-
to
expecte-
dto useu.eue. the DivisionDivieion in extending the attack east of thethe-
Meuso.
th-emes
the-
Meuso.
th-emes
the-
(13)Peroonalthe-
13Peroonal3)Peroonal3Peroonal(13)Peroonal13Peroonal( 13! 3)Peroonalk-nowledge.
3Peroonalk-nowledge
) Per conalcoalconal-knowledge.
co-alhole
Meuso.MeusoMouso.MousoMenusMouse. (13)13( ) Roads to the east of the MouseMeuseMuse were recon-reconrecon-
noiteredrecon-
noltererecon-
noitered
recon-knowledge
reco-nnected
-knowledge.knowledgeknowledg-
e.(14)lit
knowled-
ge14lit
knowledge-
.(14)lat
knowled-
ge14lat
.,noiterednolteremiterednobler and conferences had with the commanders ofot thethe-
Frenchth-
ereinthe-
Frenchth-
ereinthe-
(14)1stth-
e141st(14)lit14lit(14)lat14lat(14)1st141st( ) Div.DivDiY.DiYDiv-.Hist
Div-vies
DiY-.Hist.
Div ., French CorpsCorp.Corp. and divisionsdivi.1onedivi1one. occupying this sector.sector., (14)14(14)-
About
14A-
bout(14)-
About
14A-
bout(14)-
Hist.14-Hist( )
HistHist.Heist,. p.p.174.174114.114., About 4.30430. P.M.PMp.W.pW. . on the afternoon.tternoontternoontenon. of September 2th27th? thethe-
Army
te-ary
the-
Army
te-ary
the-
Army
te-aryArmy orderedordere the Division by telephonetelephone. ,. to proceed byby-
jb-
y
by-
ingba-
yingb-
ymarchto _ingKingj n ,march-/tomarchtomarchitomarch-/tomarchto-/ bheheh vicinity of NixevilleNixev111e.Nixev111eMixable,. all unitsunite to be onon-
the
M-
onte
on-
the
M-
onte
on-
the
M-
ontethe march by 7 P.M.PM. . The DivisionDivieion complied with the oror-or-
der
or-
lSPerlonalor-
(15)Personalor-
15Personal¬-
( 5)Personal5PersonallSPerlonal(15)Personal15Personalsuperlunary! 5)Personal-experience
5Personal-experience
) derdeer (15)15( ) and afterattar a twelve hour march in a heavy rainrain.rainrain.-exp
Rac-ine
,.experienceexperience.exp e ri ence.encefence*.
foundtoundpound itself bivouacedb1vouacedbivouacked in woodswood.wood. made boggy by old FrenchFrench-
bivouacsFre-
nchFrench-
bivouacsFre-
nchFrench-
bivouacsFre-
nchbivouacs or horse lineslinellineal and often tangled by the wire ofof-
the
of-
ten
of-
the
of-
ten((1616I6)l6tI6l6t)latl st DiY.DiYDiY-.Hist
DiY-.Hilt.
Div ., the rear defenses.defenses. ((1616(16)}) September 29th the Division waswa-
sassigned
as-signed
wa-
sa.signed
as-
sassinwas-
Hiwas-
HHistHilt.HiltHeistHi st ,. p.pp .,175.175115.115175-
.(17)l
17-
517l
., assigneda.signedasigned. to the I CorpsCorp.Corp. and ordered to the vicinity ofotof-
Neuvilly.
co-
ngenially
ot-
Neuvilly.
no-
ntrivially
of-
Neuvilly.
co-
ngeniallyNeuvilly.NeuvillyNeville. Foot troopstroop.troop. were.ereere. carried in French camionscamionlcamion oror-
trucks
po-
tlucks
or-
trucks
po-
tlucks
or-
trucks
po-
tluckstrucks and the mounted unitsunite moved by marching.marching. AllAl-
lavailable
A-
lluvialAl-
lavailable
A-
lluvialAl-
lavailable
A-
lluvialavailable roads were being heavily useduled.uledruled,. but the movementmovement-
was
movem-
ent(17)l17l(1717( )1st1st) l.tlt.t Div.DivDiv-.Hist
Div-vies
Div-.Hiat.
. was accomplishedaccomplilbed without incident or interruption.interruption., (17)17(17)-
In
17I-
n(17)-
Hist17-
Hist( )
HistHiat.HiatHeistHat,. p.pp .,176.1761769176-
.l8)Personal
17-
6l8Personal
. In a way this movement was remarkable.remarkable. TelephonicTelephTelephone nicnice ordersorder.orderorders-
were
ord-ers
order.-
were
ord-er
orders-
were
ord-ers
.were received at 2 P.M.PMP.M. ., fromtromtromp the Army and the DivisionDivi.1onDivi1on. waswa-
stold
wa-
sted
wa-
stold
wa-
sted
..11. .-
1told
1-
toldtold that one camioncarrion train was..aa. thenthin on the way and thatthat-
the
thatc-
hed
that-
the
thatc-
hed
that-
the
thatc-
hed:the movementmovellent would start at fourtour P.M.PM. . It started.iartediartedaired. promptlypromptly-
on
prompt-
lyon timetimltim and wasW.IWI. smoothly.mootblymootblymotley. carried out only becausebecau.becaubeau.. of thethe-
close
he-
llosthe-
ol..eT-
heo(1818( l8)Personall8Personall8)Personalk-nowledge.
l8Personalk-nowledge
) PerlonalPersonalPerlonal-knowl.4Perlonal-knowl4
closeol..eole. . mutual supportlupport of line and staff.staffat.tt.attt. . (18)18(18)-
The
18T-
he(18)-
Tbe
18T-
be(18)-
knowledge18k-
nowledge( )
knowledge.knowledgeknowledg-
e.(19)ltt
knowled-
ge19ltt
knowl.4knowl4. ,. .,TheTbeTube I CorpsCorp.Corp. ordered the Division01.11ioD0111ioD. to relieve the'hehe' 35th5th35th-
Division
35th-
Division'5th-
Di.l.ioD5t-
hDilioDDivisionDi.l.ioDDilioDDiploid. . on theibegibe nightaiihiiii of September 30th on.nn. the eastealtdealt bankbaakbaabank-
of
ban-
kbaak-
o
Bamak-
o(19)ltt19ltt(19)1.t191.t191t((1919 ))1st1st. DiDiv.DivDiv.-Hi
Di-v ? ., ofo t thtib.ibthethat. AireAiresA1 re River.RiverR1.1R11. r.r., (19)19(19)T-
ERRAIN
19T-
ERRAIN
((19)-Hist
19-Hist
19 )HietHistHitHeistHi I'I' ,. p.pp .,176.17617'17' ., TERRAINTERRAINITERRAIN&TERRAIN-
ISquare11
TERRAIN-
&Squarely
TERRAI-
NSquarely
Terr-ains
!&
SquarelySquare11 in lintliD'liDline' with the advanceadyaao.adyaaocaddy. ofo f the,he DivisionDi.1lionDi1lionDivision-
wort
Di.1lio-n.er.
Di1lio-ner
Division-
were
Divis-ion
.wort.er.erwereworst. . series.ril'rilaril.. ' of hillshill.hill. with woodedwo04e4 crestsore.t.oretret. . andaD4 saoothsmoothsooth... .th.th. ,. glacisIlaoi.IlaoiglacialLaoglacis-
like
glass-
like
Ilaoi-
.like
Lace-
like
glacis-
like
glass-
like
.
like tlopos.1.p.1p.1pslopeslops. . . . , whichwhlohwho worower.werwerewoowear. fringodtriDse4fringed with patchesp.tob.ptobtomb. . . ofot brushbrUlh andaDdand-
three
ant-
hraxes
aDd-
il1r.
aDd-
il1r
and-
th
an-
d---three--three---il1r.--il1r.---thth- - - il1r-
.west
il1r-
west
three-
13
ree.moreemoredeem., -. --
p. ;-.
woods.woods., The moatmOltmost prominentprominemt of thesetheee hillshillI were.ereere. HillsHill.Hill.240 , 263 , 269 and 272.272212.212. The hillshill_ were cut by severalseveral-
transverseseve-
raltiesseveral-
transverseseve-
raltiesseveral-
transverseseve-
raltiestransverse ravines drained by small streamsstream.stream. flowingflowing-
intoflow-
ingflowing-
intoflow-
ingflowing-
intoflow-
inginto the Aire.AireAires. PartePartsParted of the sector were covered withwith-
heavy
witc-
herywith-
heavy
witc-
herywith-
heavy
witc-
heryheavy woods , the largest being fioisBoisfinis dedo MoutrebeauMontrebeauMountebank , LeL-
ePetitL-
eftistL-
ePetitL-
eftistL-
ePetitL-
eftist(20)20( ) LeggLeggy , p.p. Petit BoisBoi.BoiBoil. , BoisBoil de MoneyMoncyMoony and BoisBoieBoise de Romagne.RomagneRomagna.RomagnaRomanceRomania. (20)20(20)-
To
20T-
o( )
557.557551.5515570557-
.(2lThomas
55-
72lThomas
5570-
(21)Thomas
557-
021Thomas
.To the westweetwet and east of the sector werewel'lwell' otheroiherosier highhig-hhills
hig-htails
high-
hill.high-
ballhig-
hhillshig-
htailshillshill.hill. and heavy woods.woodswoodl.woodlwool. ThisThi.ThiThai. group ofo f wooded hillshill.hill. andand-
ravines
ma-
ndarins
and-
ravines
ma-
ndarins
and-
ravines
ma-
ndarinsravines formed a barrier three milesmil.emile. deep , north ofof-
Exermont.
c-
offeepotof-
Exermont.
c-
offeepotof-
Exermont.
c-
offeepot(2lThomas2lThomas(21)Thomas21Thomas( 21 ) Thomas.ThomasThomas.-pThoma-s
,. Exermont.ExermontExperiment. (21)21( ) The position dominated the AireAires valleyvalley-
andvall-
eyP.Pp . 2929.29,.and the terrain to the easteaeteat and westweltwest.,. It has beenbeen-
calledben-
dablebeen-
calledben-
dablebeen-
calledben-
dable(2222( (22)ThomaB22ThomaB22)Thomas.22Thomas.22Thomas22)Thomas.-p.
22Thomas-p
) Thomas ,. called the key positionpOlitionspoliation of the MeueeMeuseMeleeMuse ArgonneJargoned (22)22( ) andand-
General
ga-
ngreneand-
General
ga-
ngreneand-
General
ga-
ngreneP.Pp ., 29.2929-
.(23)Pershing
2-
923Pershing
.General PerehingPershingPerchingPerishing saidlaid ofot it : "ThatThat" positionsposition.position. in1n thisthilthinlythis-
areatia-
rathil-
areatia-
rathis-
areatia-
raarea were of vital importance to the continuation ofotof-
the
of-
ten
ot-
the
ot-
her
of-
the
of-
ten(23)Pershing23Pershing( 23 ) PerehingPershingreignPerishing , the general advance"advance" ., (23)23(23)-
In
23I-
n( )
P.P. 19.1919-
.(24)Palmor
1-
924Palmor
19-
.(24)Palmer
1-
924Palmer
.In addition to the natural obstacles the GermansGermans-
had
Germa-
nsGermans-
had
Germa-
nsGermans-
had
Germa-
nshad most skillfullyskill fully organized the ground.ground. FveryEveryVery openopen-
space
op-ens
open-
space
op-ens
open-
space
op-ensspace wasW&SWS& coveredoovered by bands of interlockinginterlooking machine gungu-
nfire
gu-
nfire
gu-
nfire(24)Palmor24Palmor(24)Palmer24Palmer(2424( ) PalnalrPalmary , fire , surportedsupported by artillery concentrations.concentrations. (24)24(24)-
MISSION.
24M-
ISSION
(24)-
MISSION.
24M-
ISSION
(24)-
MISSION
24M-
ISSION
( )
P.272.P272.P272p.212.p212.p212p9272.p9272P.272.-ThomasP272T-homasp.212.-Thomap212T-homap9272.-Thomasp9272-Thomas
. .ThomasThomaTahoma_ ,. MISSION.MISSIONMISSION-
.The
Missi-on
s.s-
The
T-
heP.P. 292.292292.-Gen
292-Gen
292.-Gen.
292-Gen
292.-Gen.
292-Gen
.GenGen.Gen,. Sum-SumSu-mnerall.
Su-mner
Sum-
neSum-
nerSum-
noSu-
mo- The missionmi'lionmilionmillion' of the DivisionDiv11ion was to drive straightstraight-
ahead
straight-
enedstraight-
ahead
straight-
enedstraight-
ahead
straight-
enednerall.nerallneuralnerall-.(25)lt
nera-ll25lt
neno rall.rallrallyrall.-(25)1st
rall-251st
.(25)lt25lt(25)1st251st(22( ; )l.tlt§. DiDiY.DiYDiv.DivDiY-
.Hi.t.Div-
.Hist.* . ahead in itsit.it. sonelODezonescone of action to itsit.it. objective.objectiveobJectivl.obJectivlobjectively. (25)25(22( ; ) TheThe-
Army
Te-
aryThe-
Army
Te-
aryThe-
Army
Te-
aryHiit.HiitHi.t.HitHist.HistHeist. . p429.42942-
9.(26)Ptrahing
42-
926Ptrahing
42-
9.(26)Pershing
42-
926Pershing
. Army desired4..irld4.irld4irld. . to neutraliieneutrali.1neutrali1neutralizeneutralities. thetbltb flanking firetire from thethe-
Argonne
he-
roinethe-
Argonne
he-
roinethe-
Argonne
he-
roineArgonneJargoned and to expel thethlhl enemyenem1 fremfromrem thetbetube territorytlrritery eastea.teateast-
of
ea-st
ea.t-
of
meatl-
oaf
east-
of
ea-st
.of Fleville.Fleville1lev1l1e.1lev1l1eFlovilleFlexileFoible., ThisThi.ThiThai. territorytlrr1tor1 was.alal. nsedsdn.edld.nedldneededneedsneedled. . to launch aa-
counter
c-
ountera-
counter
c-
ountera-
counter
c-
ountercounter attack northwestDorth..tDorthtDoth.. . thru CornayCorna1Corny and Chatel-CheheryChatelCheheryChatel-Chlher1Chlher1ChattelCheeryChatelChattel -CheheryCheery ,
thusthu.thuthou. outflankingeuttlaDk1DI the ArgonneArSlnneJargonedArlene Forest.Forestlorl.t.lorltForestsLoral. . ItI t was.a.a. . soI'I' imporimp.-imp.impor-importimpimpo-
rtant
imp-
.tant
imp-
ortant
impo-
rtant
. ,¬-
tanttaint fromtrim the Army viewpointYie.pointYiepoint. that the 1stl.tltlot. DivisionDivi.i.nDiviinDivine. . waswa.wawas-
oaployod
wa-
.empll114
wa-
empll114
was-
employed
as-sembly
.oaployodempll114employedapply inift thisthi.thithin. sector.Iot.rIotrRioter. . in spits.p1tlp1tlspite. of.ff. thsthlthethishl complicatedclmp11oate4 roadr.a4ra4road-
movement
r.a4-
moyemlnt
ra4-
moyemlnt
road-
movement
.(26)Ptrahing26Ptrahing26)Pr.hinl26Pr.hinl26Prhinl(26)Pershing26Pershing(26)Ptrahing-
A26Ptrahing-
A
(26)Pershing-d
26Pershing-d
( ) , . movementmoyemlntmyelin neoes.saryneoessarynlol..arynlolarynecessarynotary... to getie'ie' the DivisionDivil10D intointi position.(26)position.26position26p..1tien.(26)p1tien.26p1tien26position.(26-
)tti'our
position26-
ttiour
p..1tien.(26)-
tHfo'
p1tien26t-
Hfo
position. . ., (2626( )
Ad. LiggottLiISI"tLiISItLiggettLeggettList" ,p.54p54p,54., andaDd.aDdand-P.
aDd.-
p.
an-d
ad-d
.
P.P. 56.56.
tti'our-tti'ourttiourtiertti'our(-
20)
ttiour-
20
tHfo'tHfothoufour--four' '" 1'--1'11-
'(20)
1-
20
'-- .- -
. . - . . - . . . _ - " . . ... . . .. . _ . . . . '. . ''- '-'''--.. . .. ' "
OPERATIONS.OPERATIONSOPERATION-
S.September
Opera-tions
OPERATION-
S.September
Opera-tions
OPERATION-
S.September
Opera-tions
.
September 30-October30October30-0ctober0ctober30.October30October-. 33.33-
.The
3-
The
*.
The I Corps ordered the let1.t1t1st. DivisionDivieion to relieverelievlrelieve-
therelievl-
thebeliev-
eththe 35th DivisionDivi.ionDiviion. on the night of September 30th , thethe-
reliefeth-
erealthe-
relieteth-
ereality
the-
reliefeth-
ereal(27)lst27lst(27)1.t271.t271t(2727( )1st1st) . Div.DivDiv-.Hist.
Div-.Hi.t.
Div ., reliefrelietrelit to be completed by 5 A.M.AM. . October 1st.1stl.t.lt1.t.1t.1t. . (27)27( ) TheThe-
Corps
He-
ctorsThe-
Corp.
He-
ctorThe-
Corps
He-
ctorsHist.HistHi.t.HitHeist. ., p.p.176.176176-
.(28)Personal
17-
628Personal
. CorpsCorp.Corp. order further specifiedapacifiedpacified that the Commanding General ,
1stlatlet DivisionD1viaionDivis.ion. would have full charge of the relief.relief. ThisThiaThaiThis-
was
Th-is
Thia-
waa
Th-aw
This-
was
Th-iswaswaaWada contrarycontrar1 to the usualuaua1 customcu.tomcutom. , asal the unit to be rere-
lievedre-rere-
lie.edre-
lieved
re-
lieved
¬-
lievedlie.edlieedleavedlied. generally had charge ofoto f the detailsdetall.detalldentally. ofo f the relief.relief.(28)Personal28Personal(28)Personalk-
nowledge.28Personalk-
nowledge(2828( ) perspeersPereonalPersonalPereonal-
knowlPerso-nalonaltonal (28)28( 28 )knowledge.knowledgeknowledge-
.(29)let
knowled-
ge29let
kn..lnlknowlknow.. edge.edge.The 35th DivisionDlvi.lonDlvilonAdvil. waswalwail badly disorganizeddilorgani.eddilorganied. from itsit.itits-
division
dis-
illusionit.-
divilion
its(-
29)1st
its-
291st
.divisiondivilion headquartersheadquarterlheadquarter forward.forward. A few patrolspatrol.patrol. ofo f the 35th35th-
Division
35th-
Division
35th-
DivisionDivision had advanced asa8 fartar asaa ExermontExperiment but had beenbeen-
drivenbe-
nderbeen-
drivenbe-
nderbeen-
drivenbe-
nder(29)let29let(29)1st291st(2929( ) lat Div.DivDiv-.Hist.
Div-.Hi.t.
Div-.Hist
Div-vies
. driven backback.back,. (29)29( ) 35th DivisionalDivi.ionalDiviional. Headquarters waswalwail inf n aa-
bad
a-
bed
a-
bad
a-
bed
a-
bad
a-
bedHist.HistHi.t.HitHeist. ., p.p.190.190190-
.(30)Lt.
19-
030Lt
190-
.(30)Lt.
19-
030Lt
. bad state.state. When the battle echelonechelechelon ann ofo f 1stlItlet DivisionDivi.ionDiviion. headhead.head-head-
quartershead-
.quarter.
head-
quarterhead-
quarters¬.-
quartersquarter.quarter. arrived at CheppyChoppy totoiak.toiakUtopiatake. overo.eroerBoer. , both the DivisionDi.i.ionDiiionDivisionC-
ommanderDiv-
isionDi.i.ionC-
.mmander
Division-C
Divisio-n
. .CommanderC.mmanderCmmanderC emmanemma. de r (35th35th( ) and hishi.hi. Chief ofo f StaffStatfStat were.er.er. . at the frontfront-
tryingfritt-
eringfront-
tryingfritt-
eringfront-
tryingfritt-
eringtrying to rally their men.men. The AssistantAaaietantAwait ChiefOhief of StaffStatfStatStaff-
G3i
Statf-
G3
Staff-
G3G-3iG3iG-33- , did not know definitelydefinite11 where.herehere. the frontfr.ntfrnt. linel1ne was.a.a. . oror-
where
no-
where
or-
.here
nor-
therner
or-
where
no-
wherewhere.herehere. hishi.hi. regimental command postspo.t.pot. . wert.wertwer.werwere.werewetwear. . The only definitedefinitei-
nformationdefi-
nitiondefinitei-
nfermationdefi-
nitiondefinitei-
nformationdefi-
nitioninformationinfermation that hebe had ofoto f hishi.hi. combat troopstroop.troop. waswalwail the lolo-
cation10-10lo-lo10-
oation
lo-
cation
-¬-cationoationcaptionoration ofot thethlhl divisionald1vi.1onald1vi1onal. artillery brigade and regimentregiment-
of
regiment-
ot
regimen-
to
regime-nt(30)Lt.30Lt.30Lt(3030( )Lt.Lt. Col.ColCoolCol-
.Gallegher.Col-
.Gallesher.Co-
ngoleseC el . ofoto f engineersengine.r.enginerengineer. . whichwhiobwho was.. . holding part ofot the line.line. (30)30(30)-
To
30-To
( )
Gallegher.GallegherGallesher.GallesherGallagherGallegher-
.(31)1st
Galleghe-
r311st
.To add to the disorganisationdilorganilation.dilorganilationdisorganization,. the enemy hadhad-
launched
ad-
vancedhad-
launched
ad-
vancedhad-
launched
ad-
vancedlaunched powerfulpo.erfulpoerful. counteroounter attacksattack.attack. in the prtceedingprlce.diDSprlcediDSproceedingsplendidprtceeding-
forty
proceed-ing
prlce.diDS-
tortyproceeding-
forty
proceed-ing
.fortytortytory eightiShdish hours.hourshour.hour. ., The CorpsO.rplOrplCorp. had been foroedforced to roen-roenreen-reenRosenGreenroen-
foroe
rein-
force
reen-
toroe
reen-
tered
reen-
force
rein-
force
-
foroetoroeforceforetore the 35th DivisionDiv1.1DDiv11D. , bybr a regimentresi..ntresintresin. . of the 82nd82a4 DivDiv.Div-Div-
ision.
Div-
ision
Div-
.i.ioa.
Div-
isional
Div-
ision.
Div-
ision
¬.-(31)1311(31)1.311.(31)1st311st( ) .*" Div.Div1)iy.1iy.1iyDiv-
.Hist.1)iy-
.Hi.t.1iy-
HitDi-
v.listLiv-
eliest) . ision.isioni.ioa.iioavisioniota. . (31)31(31)-
The
31T-
he(31)-
The
31T-
he(31)-
The
31T-
he( )
Hist.HistHi.t.HitlistHeist. ., p.pp-
.i76.p-
i76.
176.176116.116i76.i76. The originalIris1nal intention efIfof the highbilAbile commandoo.man4ooman4. was.a.a. . toto-
have
M-
ohave
to-
havi
T-
haito-
have
M-
ohavehavehavihaving thetbltb 1st1.t1t. DivisionDivi.1lnDivi1ln. passpa.pa. . thru the 35th35tb DivisionD1yi.ioDD1yiioD. andan4and-
attack
san-
darac
an4-
attaok
and-
attack
san-
daracattackattaok onIn thehe morning.miDImiDI.. efIte f OotoberOctoberOo ob.robrorb. 1st.1stl.t.lt. . ThisThi.ThiThai. was.a.a. . changedobaftSldbatschanged-
and
obaftSld-
aDd
chang-
edandaDd thtthlthethathl 1stlit DivisionDiv1.10nDiv110n. was.a.a. . ordtredordlrldorderedcoddler tetlto relieverelilverelive thetbetube 35th35th-
Division.
35th-
Division
35th-
Division,! (32)Personal32Personal(32)Personalk-newlsdgt.
32Personalk-newlsdgt
(3232((,3232,) PersonalPersonalk-nsWladge.Pers-onal" " ' 11&1111& Division.DivisionDiy! 111.111. ., (32)32(32)-
l32-
l(32)A-
.32-
A
( ) .- .- -.five--.fivet1.I--t1.IfiT.--fiT.fivefiT- . .five-
ww
t1.I-
1f
t1I-
1f
fiv-
efiT.-
MsPd
.. - -. *-i.il knewlsdgt.knewlsdgtknsWladge.knsWladgeknellsknowledgek.lwleklwlekilledknsWladge.mS-
A
knowledg-
e. ell'ellell'"-
WWI
ellW-
WI
e-ll
' .. ... . -_- . .- -- - . . - . . . - - - --_ . .. - . - - ---. . .---- -----
ww'[-"WW/I"WWWWImSA-mesa"" mejE'mejEmeekYWlir11w,/ ; '! >' ni'I'I'II' '! ' " tryc'-c'c' ;- , . it<'. .w.w.. .v.v....... , ", . . . , . -- _..,.. . .. . . . . ,, ,
,, ., . . . .... . . ., . ... . .. . . .
. ....... . .. ...A.A* ! rxwjiv/.C.C/ 1f\1f*\"""' +''*" 4imt)( -. .a.a . 4N * I IM yRKWYork* "-:: Ms-PdMsPd-fe- .-UP.."". #MWlMltttffNVItlf'IftJl/flJi4'lVt'lfItlf'IftJlItlfIftJlflJi4'lVt'lfflJi4lVtlfMIf14Y4RYA1Sf'MIf14Y4RYA1Sf' / ' ' NM.NM' :. ....._. . . . ' . .
.
. .ii. '* >"s""w.wWH*... :. f JIi.JIiIi* UM...... .u.J.uJ< '. : . . .. . .,.
. ;. ' . ' " . , :
.. . :.
:, .
:::
.
;
n .
?!J/litilitiJlitilitJollities3/*fe?, %,\'.
'
'..
..
.
i ,,"'\
The reported line efotof the 35th DivisionDivilion ran fromtromtrompfrom-
Baulnyfo-
rmaltrom-
Baulnytri-
balfro-
m(33)ist
fro-m33ist(33)lst33lst(33)1It331It(33)ist33ist( ) Div.DivD1v.D1vDiv.-
H10t.Div-
H10tD1v-
.Hi.t.D1-
vHit. BaulnyBalmy to EchsfontaineEchltontaineChevrotainChloramines over a& Tourlour kilometer front.front., (33)33(33)-
South
33S-
outh(33)-
South
33S-
outh(33)-
Mist 33-Mist( )
H10t.H10tHi.t.HitMist. ., p.p.176.176116.116176-
.(34)lst
17-
634lst
116-
.(34)1It
11-
6341It
. South ofot thisthiethief line ravinegravine.ravineravinesraving. cut acrossacrOI.acrOIacrid. the sector.sectorlector.lector. TheThe-
moet
He-
metThe-
moet
He-
metThe-
most
The-
rmosmoetmost northern one extended fromtromtromp BaulnyBalmy to the Apremont-ApremontApremont.Aprenont-AprenontPremonitionPregnantApremon-
tSpinonville
Apremon-
t.Epinonville
Aprenon-
tEpinonville
; -.SpinonvilleEpinonvilleSimonize road and included part ofot the reported 35th35th-
Division
35th-
Divi.ion35t-
hDiviion
35th-
DivisionDivisionDivi.ionDiviion. front line.line. About a kilometer south80uth ofot thisthi.thithin. , aa-
second
s-
econd
a-
eecond
A-
leca-
second
s-
econdsecondeecond ravine ran from CharpharpCharpentryCarpentryC entryentKent ry to Echefontaine.EchefontaineEchetontaine.EchetontaineEchsfontaine.EchsfontaineChevrotainEchetontaine-
.kilometer
. AA-
kilometer
K-
ilometer
A-
kilometer
K-
ilometerkilometer and a halfhalt south ofoto f thisihilhail ravine there waswa.wa. aa-
thirdt-
hirda-
thirdt-
hirda-
thirdt-
hirdthird one which ran by Very to Epinonville.EpinonvilleEpinonv11le.Epinonv11le., BetweenBet.eenBeteen. thethe-
ravines
he-
aviness
the-
ravine.
te-rrain(34)lst34lst(34)1It341It(3434( )1st1st) Div.DivD1v.D1vDiv-
.HistDiv-
viesD1v-
.Hilt.D1-
vHiltDiv ., ravinesravine.ravine. were open plateau.plateau. (34)34(34)-
The
34T-
he(34)-
The
34T-
he(34)-
Mist34-
Mist( )
HistHilt.HiltMistHeist,. p.pp .,177.177111.11117-
7.(35)lt
17-
735lt
111-
.(35)1.t
11-
1351t
. The DivisionDivieion CommanderC..manderCmander.. in his order fortortore the reliefrelietrelitrelief-placed
rel-ief
reliet-placed
recep-
taclerelief-
placedrel-
iefplaced hishiehide four infantryintantry regimentsregiment.regiment. in line from right toto-
leftto-
iletto-
lettto-
ilette
to-
leftto-
iletleftlettlet , 26th,28th26th28th26th , 28th , l8th18th and l6th16th Infantry.Infantry., Each regimentregimeDtregiment-
was
regimeDt-
was
regimen-
tals
regimen-
t(35)1st
regime-nt351st(35)lt35lt(35)1.t351.t351t(35)1st351st( ) §. Diw.DiwDowDiw-
.HistD1Die ., was in column of battalions.battalionsbattaliona.battalionabattalion., (35)35( ) The Division CommanderCommand-
erfurther
Comma-ndeer
Command-
erfurther
Comma-ndeer
Commande-rMist
Comman-derHistHilt.HiltMistHeist,. p.p.428.42842-
8.(36)lst
42-
836lst
42-
8.(36)1.t
42-
8361t
428 ., further prescribedprelcribed that the leading battalionsbattalionlbattalion with theirtheir-
head
ther-eat
their-
head
ther-eat
their-
head
ther-eathead on the Charpentry-EchsfontaineCharpentryEchsfontaineCharpentry-EchetontaineEchetontaineCarpentryChevrotain- road at midnightmidnight-
wouldmidn-
ightmidnight-
wouldmidn-
ightmidnight-
wouldmidn-
ightwould advanoeadvance to the line L'Esperanco-ChaudronL'EsperancoLEsperancoChaudronL'Eeperancl-ChaudronL'EeperanclLEeperanclL'Esperance-ChaudronL'EsperanceLEsperanceEsperantoCauldronSleeper' - Fme-FmeFme.-Fme.FameFm-
eSerieux
Me-
smerize
Fm-
e.Serieux
Me-
smerize
Fm-
eSerieux
Me-
smerize
,. -
SerieuxSherrie Fme.-BoleauxFme.Boleaux'lIe.-Boleaux'lIe.lIeFme-BoleauxFmeFameBordeaux' ., - BoisB.1.B1.B1BeisBemis. . not later than 3 A.M.AMA.M. ., and digdildialdig-
in.
digg-
ing
dili-
n.diali-
ng
dig-
(36)1stdi-
g361st(36)lst36lst(36)1.t361.t361t(36)1st361st( ) . Div.DivDiv-.Hilt.
Div ., in.inin ., (36)36( ) The resultrelult waswa.wa. to place the leading battalionsbattalionlbattalionbattalions-along
battali-ons
battalionl-along
battal-ion
battalions-Hist
battali-onsHilt.HiltHi.t.HitHistHeist. ., p.p.428.428428 ., along the northernDorthern ravine , the support.upportupport. battalionsbatta110ns in thethe-
second
th-ereon
the.-
eeond
the-
reonthe-
second
th-ereonsecond.eeondeeondeon. ravine and the reservere.ervIreervIreserving. battalionsbattalioDbattalion in the Very rara-
vine.
ra-
vine
ra-rara'-
ine.
ra-
ine
ra-
ined
ra-
vine
¬-
vine.vine'ine.inecine!' .,
From NeuvillyHeuYillyNevilleHeavily , where the DivisionDiv11ion waswalwail , there waswalwail onlyonly-
one
nyl-
ononly-
one
nyl-
ononly-
one
nyl-
onone road forward and it was the axial road ofot the I CorpsCorp.Corp. ,
the Neuvilly-VarennesNeuvillyVarennesNeuvilly.Yarenne.NeuvillyYarenneNevilleArdennes-. . road.road., ThisThi8 road crossederolledenrolled the linesline.linelines-
and
lines-man
line.-
and
line-
man
lines-
and
lines-man
.and no mans1man"man" land ofot trenchtren.ch. warfare daysday.day. and waswalwail in badbad-
shape.
ba-
ldish
bad.-
hape.
bad-
shape
ba-
ldishshape.shape.hape.hape. ., BeyondB.yondByondYond. noDO mans'mansaaD.aaDaD. ' land the enemy had exploded aa-
mint
m-
inta-
mine
a-
minemintmine in thttbethethattube oentsroenterventerentryenter ofot the road at leastlea.tleatbleat. forty feett.ettetstet. deep ,
a plank oneon.on. way..77. road had been built by thethlhl engineersengineer.engineer. a-aa.a-
aqpuatt
a-
quaa-
a
-.aqpuattaquaa sndsand.. thisihilhail crater.cratercrater.-
K
crater.-
i
crate-
r
.,
i
I
! . -. . six--six.ix-.ixsixH-
LyS
sixt-
hly
. .ixII-
h.
- -. '.III
I
II
l
IlI
.".>. .
K...*..l.---.l.. >* *.MMMUftMMr-wOrMMwOrM--w*" jrftr"AWjrftrAWR4r'M"IR4rMIraftertll.tlltall*..'.*.."".."' W_*''MM.' .. KY.YY. y.y.M*... Y* . '. .II<." i<. V/VVl-
ik
Li-
ck \l/-lMi'rR.1rMirR.1rMirR1r\ / .' ........-.. ._... . ? > _ . . . .... .. .. ,..,.. ,,...
. . . . .__. . . . . .
. . .. _ .' __' * - . .. . . . .. , . .liklick - v. . _ . *-- - _ .
{HLySHoly- __* !*fYI***!! > "*' '' '* "" I'I.II' > i IIh.IIh1/A1AII*! /fnwnwOYA.i.11.'L/P'OYAi11.LPOYA.i.11.'LOYAi11LP'P'%. M .' * </r-rrHrRohr-' JR"/l11.1wY1.r1Nl111wY1.r1Nl11.1wY1.r1Nl111wY1r1NJRl11.1wY1.r1NJRl111wY1r1NHrlWr..y.lWryWry(/l11.1wY1.r1N1MMl111wY1r1N1MM* *v.v <.M mHiMftwsmints/1MM1MM_/ 6 A MM Y Lr w.awa w_ .' iMr1t'IM.iMr1tIM.iMr1tIM:,*. . Vh.Vh"'.
. .. .fto.ftoto. w., t'WJt1tWJt1t'WJt-
1.fcfiKL
tWJt-
1fcfiKL
..' .ii,,.
:;;.,; -_- , ...
."
. . . ; . . .. . . .
. ., .
" " '.
"
. -.
,
'
I'I, ':00:> n _
.iJlliJllill.. . ".fcfiKLfcfiKLaffil. '\...
.A.A.". :
"
.:")*' _
:. . ,
"
I, _
ii-
From
F-
rom
'FF'-
FFrom
F-
From
F-
rom
'
From NeuvillyNeville to VarenneeVarennelVarennesArleneArdennes the road waewaswade_ .11. a eolidlolidsolidelide massmal.malmass-
ofmas-
sif
mal-
.of
alo-
ofmass-
o
mas-
s
.ofo f stalledItalledTallied vehiclesvehicle.vehicle. ofot all kinde.kindekind.kindkindskinder. ., The letlIt DivisionDivi.ionDiviion. , lesslellloselollless-the
Est-her
lellt-
heleat-
herlose-
theclose-
tedthe 5th FieldFielFideld ArtilleryArtillAril eryvery andan d trainsrainlrail1, , passedpal.epale. d thruth ru thiethilthisthiefthinly messDIel.DIelDiehlmess-
by
mes-sy
DIe-
l.(31)Per8onalDI-
el31Per8onalmess-
by
mes-sy
.(37)Personal37Personal(31)Per8onal31Per8onal(37)Personalk-
nowledge37Personalk-
nowledge(33( ? )
PersonalknowledgePersonalPersonal by marching crosscrOl8 country.country. (37)37( ) MachineIaachineNiacin GunsGunlGun were carcar-car-
riedcar-
kcar-
ried¬-
knowledge,k nowlowl edge.edge,.(38)let38let(38)11138111( ) , DiT.DiTDiv.DivDietDiT-
.Hiet.Itc-
hiestDiv ., riedreid by hand for more than eixteenlixieensixteenliken kilometers.kilometerskilometer.kilometer. ., (38)38)8)8( ) ) ByBy-
dark
B-oyar
By-
dark
B-oyarHiet.HietHilt.HiltHistHitHeist., p.p.
177.177111.111177-.Captain177-Captain177-.Captain177-Captain
. dark the leading elementelementlelementselemental! of the division were cloeec10leclosecleome toto-
Cheppy.
tr-
ocheto-
Captainto-ccata to-
Cheppy
tr-
ocheCaptainCaptain-Helseley.Capta-inciesCaptain-Helleley.Cap-tainCaptain-HelaeleyCap-tainHelseley.HelseleyHelleley.HelleleyHelaeleyHeleneWellesleyElatedly., Cheppy.CheppyChappy.ChappyChoppyHappy.,
The Infantry relief waswa.wa. carried out without incidentincident-and
incide-ntand the 35th DivisionDivilion , leesles8 iteitlitsbiteil artilleryartilliry brigade and sanlan-lansan-san-
itarylan-
itarysan-
itarysan-
itary¬-
itarytarry trainirainrain , were withdrawn and assembleda..ambledaambledatisemblambledautism. . e d in the vicinityvicinity-of
vicinit-y
vicinityo-
fCheppy.vici-nity(3939( ) PereonalPerlonalPersonalPereonalk-
nowledge.Perlonal-kPersona-lPersonalk-nowledge.Pers-onal ofCheppy.CheppyofCheppy.ofCheppyChoppysoftcopy ., (39)39(39)-
The
39T-
he(39)-
The
39T-
he(39)-
The
39T-
he( )
knowledge.knowledgeknowledge-
.(40)Legge
knowledg-
e40Legge
kknowledge-
.(40)Legge
knowledg-
e40Legge
nowlowl e4g.e4g. .The night waeW.IWIwaswade. very dark and infantry battalionebattalionbattalionsbattalione-
marchedbatta-
lionbattalions-
marchedbattal-
ionsII-
marched
M-
archedmarched on narrow frontetrontlfrontsfrontedtrot with companies in column of twoetwotwoswoetwoe-
and
to-ad
twos-
and
thous-
and
II-
and
V-
iand(40)Legge40Legge( ) , and without distancedi tancestance between platoone.platooneplatoonl.platoonlplatoonsplatoon., (40)40(40)-
The
40T-
he(40)-
The
40T-
he(40)-
The
40T-
he( )
P.558.P558.P558p.558-
.(41)l
p55-
841l
. .The letlit1st Field Artillery Brigade waewalwaswadewail unable to getget-
further
get-
further
get-
furtherfurther than CheppyChoppy on the night of September 30h30th}$ , but onon-
the
M-
onte
on-
the
M-
onte
on-
the
M-
ontethe nightniShtknish October 1-212- , the Brigade got into poeition.poeitionpOlition.pOlitionposition.positionspoliation. TheThe-
6th
The-
6th
The-
6th6th FieldFi,8ldFi8ld, Artillery in supportlupport of the letlit Brigade , tooktook-
up
look-
up
took-
up
look-
up
took-
up
look-
upup a well chosencholencolleen poeitionpOlitionpositionspoliation eaetlalteasteatlat of CChCharpentryCarpentryharprplntrypaltryen try , where it waewalwaswadewailwa-
edefiladed
wa-
ld.filadld
wa-
sdefiladed
w-astefuldefiladedd.filadlddfiladld. fromtromtromp view to the north and to the weet.weetwelt.weltwestwet., The 7th7th-
Field7th-
Field7th-
FieldField Artillery , supportingIupportins the 2nd Brigade , occupied aa-
poeition
a-
pposition
a-
pOlition
a-
bolition
a-
positiona-
ppositionpoeitionpOlitionpositionspoliation southwestlouth.e.tlouthetclothe. . of Eohefontaine.EohefontaineEchltontaine.EchltontaineEchefontaineChloraminesChevrotain., The howitzer'bowitlerbowitler'howitzerboiler' regimentresilllntregiment-
the
regime-
nt0,
the 5th Field ArtilleryArtill.ryArtillry. , under cover of the ravinesravine.ravine. , hadha-
dite
hal-
iteha-
ditlh-
ailha-
dits
ha-
bitsiteitlitsbiteil 2nd Battalion nearDial'Dial' CharpentryCarpentry and the letlit1st and 3rd bat-batbat-
talionsbat-
talB-
ata
bat-
talions
-
(41)1411(41)l41l( 41 )lltlilttist DiT.DiTDietDiT-.Hist.
Itc-hiest
DiDivv ., talionstalonstaltail i on IDeIdesneara r Very.Very., (41)41(41)-
Division41-
Division
(41)-
DiYiliOD
41D-
iYiliOD
(41)-
Division41-
Division
( )
Hist.HistHilt.HiltHeist. p.p.181.18118-
1.(42)lit
18-
142lit
181-
.(42)1It
18-
1421It
. DivisionDiYiliODDiploid headquartersheadquarterlheadquarter wae.alalwaswade. located in German dugoutsdugoutdugouts-
atdugou-
tsII-
at
F-
iatat ChtppyCh'PPJiChPPJiCheppyChoppyChapping' ; the letl.tlt1st. Brigade headquartersheadquarter.headquarter. at CharpentryCharpentr7CarpentryCharpentry-
and
Charpentr7-
and
Carpent-ryand the 2nd at Very.VeryVer7.Ver7., Two field hoepitalehOlpitallhospitalshospitablehospital were placed atat-
Cheppy.
ha-
tchery
at-
Cheppy.
ha-
tchery
at-
Cheppy.
ha-
tchery(42)lit42lit(42)1It421It(4242( )1st1st) Dir.DirDiY.DiYDir-.Hist.p.
DiY-.Hilt.p.
Div ., Cheppy.CheppyChoppy. (42)42( ) The letlot EngineersEngineerlEngineer , who had been on detacheddetached-
ervioe
detac-hed
detached-
servicedeta-
chedHist.p.HistpHilt.p.HiltpHeistHiltHist.p.-181.andHistp-181and
. .181.and181and181.and-p.
181and-p181 ., andand-P.
and-p
an-d
ervioe.rvioervioeserviceErievie.. with the III CorpeCorp.CorpCorpsCope. , rejoined the divieiondiv1.10ndiv110ndivision. on thethe-
night
he-
ightthe-
nisht
th-
eistthe-
night
he-
ightp.pp ., 426.426426-
.personal42-
6personal42-
6.'erlonal42-
6erlonal.,
personal'erlonalerlonalGeronapersonalk-nowledge.pers-onal'erlonalI-EerlonalI-Epersonaliz-epersonal-knowledgepers-onal' nightnishtknish of October 2nd afteratterLatter an exhauitingIxhault1ngexhausting marchmarohmacro and werwerewearwer-
placed
wo-
rkplace
were-
placed
wor-
kplace
were-
placed
wor-
kplaceknowledge.knowledgenowledse.nowledseknowledg-
e.(43)litknowled-
ge43litIE nowledse-
.(43)1Itnowleds-
e431It.,,
(43)lit43lit(43)1It431It(43)lot43lot( ) DiT.DiTDiY.DiYDietDiT-.Hiet.
Itc-hiest
DiY.-H
DI-Y
Div ., placed in diTieiondiYi810Ddivisiondietician reserverele"ereleerelieve" eouthwest.outhweltouthweltsouthwest. of Very.VeryVerr.VerrErr., (43)43( )
Hiet.HietHistHitHeistH lt.lt., p.p.427.427421.421., .---seven--seven- - - seven'-
F
seven-
F
I..a.-
J
seve-
n
I..a.-I..a.seven-seven.. . -. -.- . - . , J
L f;f-
The
T-
he
'.
The let1stlot Machine Gun Battalion was held in divisiondivision-reserve
divi-sion
division-r08
division-roscrve
divi-sionreserveroscrver08 rverave southeastsouthea.tsoutheat. of VarennesArdennes , on the Varennes-AvocourtVarennesAvocourtVarenne.-AvocourtVarenne.Varennes.AvocourtVarennesAvocourtArdennesHavocArleneVarennesAvocourtr-oad.
Varenne.Avocourtr-oad.
Varennes.Avocour-t(44)let
VarennesAvocou-rt44let
.-.,(44)let44let(44)1It441It( ) Div.DivDiv.-
Hiflt.Div-
.Hilt.. road.roadroad ., (44)44(44)-
The
44T-
he(44)-
The
44T-
he(44)-
Hist.44-
Hist( )
Hiflt.HifltHilt.HiltHist.HistHeist. p.p.427427.,. The brigade machine gun&unun& battalionbattalionsI! had been pracprac-pacprac-
ticallyprac-
tica.llyprac-
ticallyprac-
tically¬-
ticallytica.llytidally. broken upu in the spring ofo f 1918 ende.ndand. the compacompa-ompa-ompacomaCompaqcomp-
anies
comp-
anillcamp-
anile
c omp-
anies
comp-
anies
¬-
niesnillninesmill attached to infantry battalions as a fifth company.companycompany-
.Later
comp-any
company-
.Later
comp-any
company-
.Later
comp-any
.
Later the wire companiescompania.companiacompanied. of the 2nd HeldF'ieldField' Signal Bat-BatBa-tattached
Br-atticed
Ba-
tJttBchedAt-
tachedBa-
tttached-
taliontalon were broken up and detachmentsdetachment.detachment. had been/tobeentobeebeeWbedewJttBchedAttached/attachedttachedto infaninfan-infantinfan-
tryinfan-
tryinfan-
try¬-
try battalionsregimentalbattalionsbattalion.battalionbattalionp. , regimental and brigade headquarters.headquartersheadque.rters.headquertersheadquarters.-
This
headquart-ers
headquarters.-
(45)Pareonalheadquarters-
45Pareonal. .
(45)Ptrsonal45Ptrsonal(4Per.onal4Per.onal4Peronal(45)Pareonal45Pareonal(45)Ptrsonalk-nowledge.
45Ptrsonalk-nowledge
(4Per.onal-k
4Peronal-k
( , ) , . Thishis'1'1' had been'0 e enddone0 n e for the sakee ak e of0 t efficiency.efficiencye f f i c i e n c y.y. (45)45(45)-
hat45-
hat
(45-
)fatrols45f-
atrols(45)-
knowledge45k-
nowledge( )
knowledge.knowledgeknowledge-
.(46)Personal
knowledg-
e46Personal
k nowlowl edge.edge.,hatfatrolsPatrolsrole were promptlyprompt1, pushed forward ; contact waswas-
gained
abs-
tained
was-
gained
abs-
tained
wa-
s(46)Personal
wa-
s46Personal(46)Personal46Personal(46)Personalk-nowledge.
46Personalk-nowledge
(4646( ) pe reonalrenalreonal-k
rena-l
gained v/ithvithwithitch/ the enemy ; and prisonerspri.onersprioners. were taken.(46)taken.46taken46taken.(46)-
In
taken46I-n
taken ., (4646( )
knowledge.knowledgek nowlowl edge.edge.,In front of the 1stletlot Brigade was thet e V Guard DivisionDivilionDivision-
and
Divilion-and
Divisi-onand front ofot the 2nd Brigade was the 52nd Division.DivisionDivi8ion., BothBoth-
of
Bot-
hBoth-
of
Bot-
hBoth-
of
Bot-
hof them were fresh firstfir.tfirt. classcla8s fighting divisions.divisions., Prispris-ParisPris-
oners
pris-
onera
pris-
onerPris-
oners
¬-
onersonerabonersboner stated that they had ordersorder8 to hold their positionspositions-
atpositio-
ns(4447)47(47)( ? ) GeneralGeneral-bummerall.G en e ralUralralt-iummerall.
at all cost.costcoat.coat., (47)47(47)-
From
47F-
rom
(47)-
From
47F-
rom
(47)-bummerall
47b-ummerall
( )
bummerall.bummeralltiummerall.tiummerallbummertimerbummeral-
l.(48)Portonal
bummera-
ll48Portonal
tiummerall.-
I'
tiummerall-
I
timberlin-
e
.,From October 1stletlot to October 3rd , the sectorlector waswalwail aa-
perfect
p-
erfecta-
pertect
p-
erfecta-
perfect
p-
erfectperfectpertect hell.hell. The enemy , from his positions in thethe-
Argonne
he-
roinethe-
Argonne
he-
roinethe-
Argonne
he-
roineArgonneJargoned ForesthadForelthadForeshadowFreeload, splendid artillery enfilade fire.firefire.-
High
firef-
ightfire.-
High
firef-
ightfire .,
High explosiveexplolive and shrapnel were mixed with gas.gasgal.gal., TheTh-
erattle
Th-
rottleTh-
erattle
Th-
rottleTh-
erattle
Th-
rottlerattle ofot musketrylDulketryduller firetire and the tattoo of machine gunsgunlgunguns-
were
gna-
werguns-
were
gna-
werwere.rere.. constantlyconltantly heard.heardheard.HM"heardHMheard.MM"heardMMheard., HM"HMMM"MM0M"0M" Company of the 18th infantryinfantry-
was
Infantry-
wal
infant-rywaswalwail practicallypract10 llyally put out of action becausebecaule the ground itit-
was
vi-
tas
it-
wal
vi-
talit-
was
vi-
taswaswalwail digging in on had been gassed.gassedgalsed.galsed. CasualtiesCasualtie.Casualtie. amountedamounted-
to
amount-
edto an averageayerage ofot 500 daily.daily. It waswa.wa. possiblepoa.iblepoaiblepotable. to get foodfood-
to
foo-
dfood-
to
foo-
dfood-
to
foo-
dto the front linesline.line. only at night and in many oasesca.elcaelcasescamel. thethe-
carrying
he-
artingthe-
carrying
he-
artingthe-
carrying
he-
artingcarrying partiespariielAriel were.ereere. knocked out.out. HoweverHowev.rHowevr. thethlhl DivisionD1v1.ionD1v1ionDivision-
gave
Divis-ion
Division-
gave
Divis-ion
.I'II'-lI-l
'
l
. . . . . . . . . . . ' . . . '
(48)Portonal48Portonal(48)Portonalk-nowledge
48Portonalk-nowledge
(4848( '8 )PePersonalPersonal-knowledgePers-onalrlonalRonaldrlonal-k
Ronal-d
.i.igave.:., .th.ththe. enemy.n'nenemy. .y.y. asi much asa.a. it received.received., (48)48(48)-
On
48-On
( )
knowledgek nowlowl edseese ,A,& let1t, Div.DivDiv-.Hiet.
D1Divy ., On October 2nd , anaD order waswalwail received from thethe-
Corps
he-
ctors
the-
Corpl
he-
ctorthe-
Corps
he-
ctorsHiet.HietHil"HilHitPhilHi st" ., p.pp .,18182.183.182183.182183182-1831821832.183.2183.2183.- ., CorpsCorplCorp thatthai the nextn.xtnxt. aorningmorningadorning at day-breakdaybreak- each fronttronttrot lineliner-
egiment
imp-
ertinent
liner-
egiment
imp-
ertinent
liner-
egiment
imp-
ertinentregiment would sendlend outouiui an officers1otticerl'otticerlofficers'officersdottier' patrol ofo f a platoonplatoon-
to
platoo-
nto keepkeekeel in1n contact with enemy.enemy., The DivisionD1vil1on CommanderCommande-
reight
Commande-
ering----eight---eight- - - - .11.ightbightght - - -
i...
protestedrotestedprotested and stated that all of hiehishide regiments were inin-
close
un-
close
in-
close
un-
close
in-
close
un-
closeclose contact with enemy and that it was practicallypractically-murder
practic-ally
practically-murder
practic-ally
practically-murder
practic-allymurder to send these patrols out.out. The CorpsCorpsepliedCorpselikereplied-epliedepliedreplied-
thatrepli-
edreplied-
thatrepli-
ed,-eplied-
thatrepl-
iedthat thethlhl order came fromtromtromp the French who had informationintormationinformation-
thatintormation-
thatinformat-
ionthat the enemy was retreating and that the patrols mustmust-
bs
mus-
tsmust-
be
must-
ermust-
be
must-
erbsbe sent out.out. ThisThilThinly fauxtauxaux paxPlax had a fartar reaching effectertecterect asalas-
will
s-will
al-
will
sa-
wmill
as-
will
s-willwill be shown later.later. The patpatrolpatrolsroleI were sent out andand-
those
pan-
tyhose
and-
tho.e
san-
dshoe
and-
those
pan-
tyhosethosetho.ethoetheo. ofoto f the letlItlot BrigadeBrigade.Brigade.wereBrigade. were pinned to the ground alal-
most
al-alal-
mOlt
al-
most
al-
most
¬-
mostmOlt as soon as they started and practically exterminaextermlna-extermlnaextermina-exterminateextermina-
ted.
extermlna-
ted.
extermina-
ted
¬-
ted.ted. The patrols ofot the 2nd Brigade were able to advanceadvance-
from
advan-cer
advance-
trom
advan-cer
advance-
from
advan-cerfromtromtromp a halfhalt to three quarters ofo f a kilometer.kilometer. Some ofof-
them
o-
ften
of-
them
o-
ften
o ff-
them
t-
hemthem were rescued , still8til1 holding their positions , whenwhen.when-
the
whet-
her
when-
.the
whe-
n're
when-
.the
whe-
n're
.
(4949( 49 ) PereonalPersonalPereonalk-nowledge.pePersonal-knowledgePers-onal1'818' onaltonalonal-k
tona-l
the Division finallytinallytonally advanced.advanced. (49)49(49)-
By
49-By
( )
knowledge.knowledgek nowlowl edge.edge.,& letlot DivDiv.DivDiv.-Hi
Di-v Div-.Hiet
,. By agressiveagresliveaggressive patrolingpatrolling and local exploitationploitationeAploitationpotatione thethe-
enemy
He-
nleythe-
ealmy
H-ealy
the-
enemy
He-
nleyHistHietHeistHitHi st.st,. p.p.185.185185-
.(50)Pereonal
18-
550Pereonal
185-
.(50)Perlonal
18-
550Perlonal
., enemyealmyHealy hudhadh d been driven north ofot the L'Esperance-L'EsperanceLEsperanceL'EsperanceLeLEsperanceLeEsperanto' - Le Bol-BolBoilBol-
eaux
Bor-
deaux
Bol-
eaux
Bor-
deaux
Bol-
eaux
Bor-
deaux
-
eauxbeaux road and the 2nd BrigadeBriBrie adeSade had even made somelomelone advanceadvance-
northadva-
nceadvance-
northadva-
nceadvance-
northadva-
nce(50)Pereonal50Pereonal(50)Perlonal50Perlonal(50)Pereonalk-nowledge.
50Pereonalk-nowledge
(50)Perlonal-k
50Perlonal-k
(5050( ) PersonalPersonalk-nowledge.Pers-onal north ofoto f that road.road., (50)50(50)O-
CTOBER
50O-
CTOBER
(50)O-
CTOBER
50O-
CTOBER
(50)O-
CTOBER
50O-
CTOBER
( )
knowledge.knowledgekknowledg-
e.(501st
knowledg-
e501st
nowleanole dg e .OCTOBER 4TH - 5TH.5TH5TH.-
On
5TH-
On
5TH.-
On
5TH-
On
5TH.-
On
5TH-
On
.
On the night ofot October 2nd , the Division receivedreceived-
the
receiv-edthe order fortortore an attack.attack., ThisThilThinly attack was to be an ofof-
fensive
ot-otof-ofot-
tenlive
at-
tentive
of-
fensive
¬-
(51)1511(501st501st( 51 ) 1 it Div.DivDiv-.Hist
Di-vvies
DiDiv.-
HiDi-v v . fensivetenlivefestiveenliven all along the MeuseMeul.MeulMsussMuseMelMisuses. ArgonneJargoned front.fronttront.tronttrot. (51)51( ) "D"D" " dayday-
was
ay-
ahs
day-
W.I
d-ay
day-
was
ay-
ahsHistHilt.HiltHeistHi st.st,. p.p.429.42942'4242-
9.(52)Pertonal42-
952Pertonal429-
.(52)Personal42-
952Personal' . wasW.IWI. later named asa.a. October 4th and "H"H" " hour asa.a. 5.30530. AM.(52)AM.52AM52AM.(52)-
The
AM52-
The
. ( )
(52)Pertonal52Pertonal(52)Personal52Personal(52)Pertonalk-nowledge.
52Pertonalk-nowledge
(5252(52)Personal-knowledge
52Personalk-nowledge
( ) p e rlonalRonaldrlonal-k
Ronal-dknowledge.knowledgeknowledg-
e.(53)Ht
knowled-
ge53Ht
k nowlowl edge ., The followingtollowing unitsunitlunit werewere attached to the DivisionDivi.ionDiviionDivision-
for
Divi.ion-
for
Divisi-on
.
for thisthi.thithin. operation-operationoperation-
One
operati-on
: -
One FrenohFrlnchFrenchFlinch regimentreaimeatreanimate ofo f artilleryartillery.artillery.-One
artille-ry
;.
One Company of GasGa.Ga. troopstroopl.troopltrooptroopl.-
A
troo-p
;.
A squadron1'1\1.111.1'1111.' \ . d r 0 notofo f CavalryCay a1 1'111' j;j-
An'
j-
AnAnAn'' airatrart&1 r observation0'000' I.I. t''tittitic'. ' on squadronquad'rooD.quadrooDquadroon. quad'rooD.-
A
quadrooD-
A
quadroo-
n
'
;.
(53)Ht53Ht(53)1It531It((5353 )letlet-Hist.lef-tist
DirDir-Hist.
Di-arist
DiY.DiYDiY-.Hil"
Di-YHil
Di-ehl
. A balloon companycompaD1 ; '
H,H-
Three
T-
hreeHist.HistHil"HilHeistPhil" . p.184p184p.1841p1841p.1841-I
p1841-I
. ,AI. PersonalPerlonalPersonalk-nowledge.
Pers-onalPerlonalI-e
Personaliz-e
Personal-knowledge
Pers-onal ThreeThr.ThrThor. . tank companies.companiescompan1.compan1. . . (53)53( )
knowledge.knowledgenowledse.nowledseIe .,
---nine---nine---Dinl--Dinl---nine-Din- - - nine-
49
Dinl-
i
Dunli-
n
- -. -
_. . . . ..-- - -- ' -' - '-- '-' ---
. ,
Thf-ThfTheTheftThfCorps- CorpsCop.CopCoppsCops, . order prescribedpre.cribedprecribed. that two accompanyingaccompanJi"gaccompanJigaccompanying-
gune
accompanJi"g-
guns
accompanJig-
guns
accompanying-
guns
accompany-
ingaccompanim-
ents"
gunegunsgunned (7575( mm.mmmm ., ) would be attached to each assault batbat-bat.bat-
talionbat-
talB-
ata
bat-
.(54)Pereonalba-
t54Pereonal
¬-.(54)Pereonal54Pereonal(54)Pereonal-
knowledgt54Pereonalk-
nowledgt( 54 ) Per eon alal-
kFal-
ktaliontalontaltail ion of0 fininfantryfan t ry (54)54( S 4 ) .
knowledgtknowledgek no _1 e d g.g. ,.In estimating the situationlituationlitigation , the DivisionDivieion Comraam-ComraamCommaa-CommaaComman-CommanCoramCommaCommandComraa-
mder
Cora-m
Comma-
ader
Comma-
nder
Comma-
nder
-
derdeer realiiedrealiledrealizedreliedrecalled that his left flank , advancing over openopen-
ground
open-
ground
open-
groundground , would be subjecteubJect to heavy close range artilleryartillery-fire
artiller-yfi
artille-ryfirefi re from theth e ArgonneJargoned Forest.ForestFo re st.st. FurtherFu rthRoth e r , strongIt rongprong resisresis-resinsresis-
tancereireinresis-
tance! 1-11-
tance¬-
tancestance from the BoisBole de MontrebeauMountebank could be expected.expectedexpected.-
AS
expected.-
Ae
expect-ed
.,
ASAe far as& 1 ExermontExperiment ravine , the terrain in front of thethe-
2nd
the-
2nd
the-
2nd2nd Brigade was unfavorable for defense , alsoalloGallo the papa-
trolspa-papa-
trolspa-
trols¬-
trolstrolls of the 1stlot BrigadeBrigadesentBrigades, sent ou $; fromtromtromp each of the regreg-Gregreg-
iments
reg-
imentl
reg-
imental
reg-
iments
¬-
imentsimentlpimentosmental on Obtober0ttoberOctoberO toberTiber 2nd had been pinned to the ground asalas-
soon
ba-
ssoon
al-
soon
A-
lison
as-
soon
ba-
ssoonsoon as they moved out.outout ., On the right , thesetheee patrolspatrollpatrolpatrols-
had
patroll-had
patro-ls
patroll-
edhad been ableale) to advance some80mesothesoothe distancediltance and the 2nd BriBri-BrieBri-
gade
Bri-
gade
Bri-
gade
¬-
gadeglade had even gained some ground north of the L'Esper-L'EsperLEsperLEperL'Esper-
anceLe
LEsper-
anceLeEspe-
rantoL'Esper-
anceLe
LEsper-
anceLeEspe-
rantoL'Esper-
anceLe
LEsper-
anceLeEspe-
ranto' -
ance-LeanceLeVance- BoleauxBordeaux BoisBoi.BoiBoil. road by local exploitation.exploitation. So ,
it wasW&IWI& reasonable to supposeluppoae that the 2nd Brigade wouldwould-
be
wou-
ldbe able to advanceadvaace ouchmuch more quickly than the letlitlot BriBri-BrieBri-
gade.
Bri-
gade
Bri-
gade.
Bri-
gade
Bri-
gade.
Bri-
gade
¬-
gade.gadeglade. The DivisionDivilion CommandersCommander'CommanderCommander's*' . decisiondeci.iondeciion. was to the efef-
fectet-etef-efet-
fect
ef-
fect
ef-
fect
¬-
fectfet that 2nd2n d Brigade wouldwould makemake a sharpaharp , deep penetrapenetra-penetratepenetra-
tion
penetpentpenetra-
tionra-rara-
tion
¬-
tionion pivoting upon the 1stlitlet Brigade , and that 1stlitlist BrigadeBrigade-
with
Brig-ade
Brigade-
with
Brig-ade
Brigade-
with
Brig-adewith a refusedrefuaed left flankwouldflankwoulflank, d be brought up with thethe-
2nd
the-
2nd
the-
2nd(55)General55General(55)GeneralS-ummerall.
55GeneralS-ummerall
(5555( ) GeneralGeneral5-umm.General5-ummGeneralS-ummGene-rals
2nd Brigade.Brigade. (55)55(55)-
The
55T-
he(55)-
The
55T-
he( ; 5)55)-
The
5-
The
)
Summerall.SummerallSummerSummeral-
l.(56)lit
Summer-
all56lit
5umm.5ummSummSummaa. rallralrallyUrall .The divisiondiviaion order fortortore the attack prescribedpr ecribedcribbed thatthat-
the
thatc-
hed
that-
the
thatc-
hed
that-
the
thatc-
hedthe divisiondiviliondivilionadvance"advanceadvance-advance"- to itsitaKita objective witaoutwithoutwhiteoutwit out referencereference-
toreferen-
ceto the advanoeadvance ofo f the divieiondivia10ndivision on our right (91st91st(9lat9lat( Div.DivDiv-
.5th
Div-
5th
Div-
.(5691st
Di-
v5691st
.
(56)lit56litS6)1ItS61It(5691st5691st( , ) Dir.DirDiv.DivDir-.Hist
Dir-tiest
Div-.Hi.t.
. 5th, th CorpeCorpCorpsCopeI ) andan donon theth e left.left1.1. ft ., (28th28th( Div.DivDi.Di. ., ) " (56)56(56)-
The
56T-
he(56)-
Hist56-
Hist( ,6)6,6)-
The
6T-
he, )
HistHi.t.HitHeist. ,. p.pp .,429.429., The infantry regiments , in column of battalionsbattalionabattalion ,
. . . . .were.ereereWire.. to attackattaok'attaokattack"' " ' abreastabe..tAbeab -e..te..t- . . of each other.other'o'fi"ofi'oche-'ocheoche',-ofocher'o'fof'ocheTheocheThecheetah' ' -i"i"i- " . ' TheT divisiondlvi.iolldlviiolldivisionaldivision-
orderdivis-
iondivision-
orderdivis-
ion.
order alsoal.oaloPalo. prescribedpreacrlbedpearled that one company each from thethe-
assault
he-
adsailthe-
aa.ault
the-
assault
he-
adsailassaultaa.aultaaault. and support.upportupport. battalionbattal10n.battal10nbattalions!. of the left regimentresl.entreslentrelentregiment-
ten
regimen-
ted
.
---ten--ten-. - -. ten-
54
'D.-'D.D'D.-
ThF
D-
ThF
D-
oth
' -. - .
,
l6th(16th16th( Infantry ) would beb e sent up the AireAires valley asa8as-
combat
ac-
robata8-
combat
as-
combat
ac-
robatcombat patrolspatro18 with the double missionmialionmillion of cleaning upu-phostile
up-
holstered
up-
hOltileup-
holstered
u-phostile
up-
holsteredhostilehOltile machine gun nestsneetsnets at Fme.FmeFame., desdeldos GrangesGrangeaGrange and toto-
obtainto-
otingto-
obtainto-
otingto-
obtainto-
otingobtain liasonli&sonlisonliaisonAlison& with the 2dth28th Division.Division. The right regreg-Gregreg-
iment
reg-
iment
reg-
iment
¬-
imentpimento (26th26th( Infantry ) was to send strong combat patrolspatrol.patrolpatrols-along
parasa-
ilingpatrol.-
alongpat-
rolpatrols-
along
parasa-
iling.
along the edge of the woodswood.wood. on its right flank.flank., TheTh-
ethird
Te-
tchier
Th-
ethi
Te-
eth
Th-
ethird
Te-
tchierthirdthithin r d line battalionsbattalibattalion onlonly of0 f theth e exteriore xiexi rio r regimentsregiments (16th16th(16th-
and
16th-and
(16th-
and
16th-and
(16th-
and
16th-and
(
and 26th Infantry ) were.ereere. designatede.ignatedeignatedemigrated. as& . divisiondivia:1.ondivia1.ondivia1on: . reservesreeerVl8.reeerVl8reserves.reeerVl8.-
and
reeerVl8-
and
reserves.-
and
reserv-es
,.
and the third line battalions of the interior regimentsregimentaregimentalregiments-
(18th
regiment-
s18th
regimenta-
(18th
regiment-
a18th
regiments-
(18th
regiment-
s18th(18th18th( and 28th Infantry ) were designated asae Brigade re-rere-
aerTea.
re-
parteere-
serves.
re-
serves
rere-
serves.
re-
serves
¬-
serves.servesaerTea.aerTeaaerate.
The division order planned that the artilleryartilleryw-
ouldartill-
eryartilleryw-
ouldartill-
eryartilleryw-
ouldartill-
erywould put down a barrage 200 meters in front of thethe-
linehe-
mline
the-
linehe-
mline
the-
linehe-
mlineline of departure at H minusminuamina five minutes.minutesminutea.minuteaminute. The infaninfan-infantinfan-
tryinfan-
tryinfan-
try
¬-
try was to throwth ow out a screen to the line ofot departuredeparture-
atdepartu-
reat Midnightaidn1ght and advance to it at H hour.hour., The barragebarrage-
was
barrage-
wabarra-
gewaswa 8 tot 0 lift1 i f'tft' atat"at"HH" H hourh 0 u r , advancea dv an c eatat the rater e.e.t e of0 f 100100-
meters
1100-
meters
0000-
metersmeters in four minutes , and halt 30 minutes , 200 metersmeters-
inmeteri-
ngin front of the first and second objectives.objectives., A standetand-etandstand-wetlandstand-
ing
etand-
(57
etand-
57
stand-
ing
¬-
ingKing barrage was to be put down on the final or CorpsCorplCorpCorp-
s(57)let
Corp-
s57letCorpl-
objective(57)let57let(5757( ) let DivDiv.DivDiv-.Hilt.
,. objective fortortore 20 minutes.minutes., (57)57( ) *hishiei-hisihide±- barrage waewaswade veryvery-Hist.
eart-hiest
very-
thinaver-
tingvery-
Hiver-yHist.HistHilt.HiltHeistHi St.St. p.pY.Y.
430.430., thin , there being only forty eight gunsgun.gun. to 5000; 000 yardsyard.yardyards-
of
yar-ds
yard.-
ot
yar-
d.
ofot frontage or approximately one gun for each 100100-
(58)Thoma0
100-
58Thoma0
100-
(58)Thollal
10-
058Thollal
100-
(58)Thomas
100-
58Thomas(58)Thoma058Thoma0(58)Thollal58Thollal(58)Thomas58Thomas( ) , yards.yardsyarde.yardeyarded. (58)58(58)-P.297.
58P-297
(58)-
The"machine
58T-
hemachine(58)-
p.297.58p-
297( )
P.297.P297.P297P.P. 297 .TheThe"machineThemachineTeachingmachine" gung\.1ng.1ng.1n1n\. companiescompan1eI
,ofor thetbetube divisiondiv:1liondiv1lion: reserver.aerT'raerTracerreserve-
battalionsr.aerT'-
battalion.raerT-
battalionretra-
ctablereserve-
battalions
. 'battalionsbattalion.battalion. werewer.werwear. turned overOTerDoter to the brigade commanderscommander.commandercommanders-
to
commander.-
to
commande-
rscommand-
er
.to fill in gapsgap'gap' and protect their brigade flanks.flanksflank.flank. ., AA-
platoon
P-
latoon
A-
platoon
P-
latoon
A-
platoon
P-
latoonplatoon ofot tankstankatank was.a.a. . ordered deployeddeplored acrossacro.acromacro. . the frontfront-
of
front-
onof each infantry regimentr.gimentrgiment. and two platoons were.ereere. placedplac.dplacdplaced-
generally
plac.d-
generally
placed-
generally
.generally along the brigadebr1lad.br1lad. axisaxilaxial of advance.advanceadyaDodyad , ., Two plapla-planpla-
toons
plat-
oon.pla-
toon
pla-
toons
¬-
toonstoon.toontonston. were ordered to accompany the third line battalbattal-Batabattal-ions
battali-
onabattal-
ionbattal-
ions
¬-
ionsionaFiona to assista'lietalietalit' in mopping up.up. The tankstankI onen the 16th16th-
eleven---eleven---eleven- - -. eleven-
(16th
eleve-
n16th
el even-eveneven-
(16th
eve-
n16th
- -. -..
,
. . . . . . , . . , . . , '. . . . . . '
Infantry front were ordered into the 18th InfantryInfantryz-
oneInfantryz-
onaInfan-
tryzonezonazonal of action when the 16th Infantry reached thethe-
northern
eth-
nographer
the-
northern
eth-
nographer
the-
northern
eth-
nographernorthern edge of the Bois de MontrebeauMontrebeau.NontrebeauMountebankNotreMontrebeau.-
The
,.
The observation squadron was ordered to have oneone-
command
nec-
romancy
one-
co
Mon-
aco
one-
command
nec-
romancycommandco mandMandy planeplans in thethathan air at all times and it was toto-
oallt-
oolto-
call
sto-
ically
to-
call
sto-
icallyoallcallall for the stakingetakingbetaking out of thethAthan line o.ioion. eachch objective.objectiveobjective.-
The
objecti-ve
.,
The squadron was also to have two artillery planes inin-
the
in-
terin-
the
in-
terin-
the
in-
terthe air at all times.times., The balloonballon, company was to assistassist-the
assi-st
assist-the
assi-st
assist-the
assi-stthe artillery.artilleryartillery.-
The
artille-ry
a rt ill e ry .
The company of gasg s troops waewaswade ordered to place aa-
smoke
s-
moke
a-
smoke
s-
moke
a-
smoke
s-
mokesmoke screen along the southern8o therntern ededeeedgeredeeme of the Bois dede-
Montrebeau
d-
emonstrable
de-
Montrebeau
d-
emonstrable
de-
Montrebeau
d-
emonstrableMontrebeauMountebank from H minusminU8 five minutesminute.minute. to H plus thirtythirty-minutes.
thi-rty thirty-minutes.
thi-rty thirty-minutes.
thi-rtyminutes.minutesminutes.-
The
minut-est
.
The cavalrycavalcava ry squadronsquad ron was heldh e1 d in divisiondi vi si on reservereserve-
ready
prese-rver
rereserve-
ready
prese-rver
se rveraverve-
ready
re-
readready tot * move on thirty minutes notice.noticenotice.-
The
noti-ce
notice.-
The
noti-ce
notice.-
The
noti-ce
.
The 1stlet EngineersEnginEngine erlearl were held in division reservereserve-
ready
prese-rver
reserve-
ready
prese-rver(59)F.0.4759F0.4759F047S9)F.j.47S9Fj.47S9Fj47(5959( ) F.O.47FO.47FO47. , . , ready to move at H minus oneODe hour.hour. (59)59(59)-
The
59T-
he(59)-
The
59T-
he(5959( )
1stlot Div.DivDiv-.let
Div-alent
DivDiv-.let
Div-alent
.,let1st Div.DivDiv-.Hist
Div-vies
Div.-Hi
Di-v . The infantry regiments useduIAdquad a novel method in handhand-hand.hand-
ling
hand-
ling
¬-.HistHeistHi st.st,. p429-430.429430.429430.429.430429430429430.-
(60)Legge
429430-
60Legge
-. ., ling the straggler question *:; The 1stlet Sergeants formedformed-
a
forme-
da straggler line in the zonelone ofoto f advance of each regiregl-reglregi-Regisregalregi-
ment
regl-
ment
regi-
ment
regi-
ment
¬-
mentmeant , thusthulThule insuring an immediate return to their organorgan-organ.orga-
nizations
orga-
nilationl
organ-
izational
organ-
.(60)Legge
orga-
n60Legge
¬-.( (60)Legge60Legge60)Legge.60Legge.60)Legge-
.p.S6560Legge-
pS65) ,. izationsilationlizationeinactionsillationinaction of all stragglers.stragglers.traggler.tragglerstraggler. . . (60)60(60)-
The
60T-
he(60)-
The
60T-
he(60)-
p.565.60-
p565( )
P.565.P565.P565p.S65pS65. .,The advanceadvanoe started according to schedule.scheduleschedule.-
From
sched-ule
schedule.-
rrom
schedu-
lerschedule.-
From
sched-ule
.
Fromrromrom the "jumpjump" off"offotf"otfoft" the 26th Infantry on the rightright-
had
rightw-
ard
right-
had
rightw-
ard
right-
had
rightw-
ardhad a fightfiShifiSh on itsit.it. hands.handshandl.handlhandle. The enemy fromtromtromp well chosencho.enchoenchosen-
and
chos-en
cho.en-
and
coten-
antchosen-
and
chos-en
.and protected positions completely dominated itsit.it. zonelonezone-
of
zo-ne
lone-
of
lon-
ezone-
of
zo-neof action.action. The'hehe' enemy fire wae.alalwaswade. especially.lpeoial1ylpeoial1y. deadly fromfrom-
La
fro-m
from-
La
fro-m
from-
La
fro-mLa Neuvills-leNeuvillsleNeuvi11.-1eNeuvi11.1eNeuvi11.Neuvi111eNeuville-leNeuvilleNeville.- ComteComate PineFmeFame'me.me' ,. and the woodswood.wood. one kilometerkilometer.-
tokilomet-
er.toto. the eastea.teat. of the zonelone of action ofot the regiment ( acrossacrollscrollacross-
the
acro-ss
acroll-
theacrol-
ithacross-
the
acro-ssthe continuationoontinuatin ofoto f SxermontIxermontExermontSermonPiedmontExperiment ravine ) . The 1stl.tltlet. Battalionlattal10nBattalion-
in
lattal10n-
inBattalio-
nin assaulta.saultasault. waswallOwallso badly depleted upon arrival at the firstfir8tfirst-objective
fire-stone
fir8t-objeotive
first-objective
fire-stoneobjectiveobjeotive that the 2nd Battalion passedpalled thru it and oon-oononoon-
ued
moo-
ned
oon-
ued
moo-
ned
o on-onon-
ued
ton-
gued
-
uedcued the assault.assault. . .aultaultSault. ., The 28th Infantry took La Neuville-le-NeuvilleleNeuvi11e.iNeuvi11eiNeuville-le.le.NevilleNeuvillelet-
welveNevi-
lleNeuvi11e.i-
t.elv.Neuvi11e-
itelvNeuvillele.t-
welve
-. , -.---twelve-twelve--t.elv.t.elv.Tel-. - - twelve-
S9)F.j.47
twelv-
eS9Fj47
. .-. . .
1,1-
(6llet
1-
6llet
I.>, >..
" ' . .-... . . - ..,. .. .- . . . --..-. ... -. .. .
CorateComteOrateComate FmeFineFameFroe.FroeFroze,. relievingrelievin the pressurepreepreen urecure on the left fromfrom-
the
frot-
hed
from-
the
frot-
hed
from-
the
frot-
hedthe 26th InfantryInfantry.*. However repeated assaultsal8 ultscults werewere-
necessaryser-
enenesswere-
neoessaryser-
enenesswere-
necessaryser-
enenessnecessaryneoessary to take the woods to the east.east., At 5 P.M.PMP.MP.M-
.the
P.-M.
., .,
the 1stlet and 2nd BattalionsBattalioBattalion8 were occupyingoooupying a line fromfro-mLaNeuvilleleComte
fro-mLaNeuvilleleComte
fro-mLaNeuvilleleComteLa-Neuville-le-ComteLaNeuvilleleComteNevilleComate- - - Fme.FmeFame., to the western edgeedg ofor thethe-
woods
She-
rwood
the-
woode
Th-
eodore(6llet6llet(6161( 61 ) latlet Div.DivDiv-.Hist.
D iv.vv-
.Hist.. woodswoodewooded on the right with its rightl"ightlight" flank refused.refused., (6l6l(61)61(61)-
A
61-A
(61)-Hist 61-Hist
( )
Hist.HistHeist., p.p.193.193., A thousand yardsyardeyarded north of ExermontExperiment ravine the enemyenemy-
had
ene-my
enemy-
had
ene-my
enemy-
had
ene-myhad several bitteriesb\tteriesbtteriesbutteriesterriesb \ of 77 mm.mmmm ., guns whichwhioh used directdirect-
firedirec-
tivedirect-
firedirec-
tivedirect-
firedirec-
tivefire againstaga.inst. the infantry ofot thethothou 2nd Brigade.Brigade. The 2nd2n-
dBattalion
2n-
dBattalion
2n-
dBattalionBattalion 26th Infantry entered ExermontExperiment ravine with
30 officers and 1000 men but 'henhenwhen"' it reachedreaohed the northnorth-north-
ern
north-
(62
north-
62¬-
(6262( 62)Thomaa62Thomaa62 ) ThomaeThomasTahoma , ernBern edge it had but 6 officers and 28528 ; men , (62)62(62)-
The
62T-
he(62)-
The
62T-
he(62)-
P300301.62P-
300301( )
p.300-301p.300301p.300p300301p.300-301.p300301.301.P-300-301.P300p.300301-
(63)lst
p30030-
163lst
P300301.-
(63)1st
P30030-
1631st
.- - .The 3d3rd** Battalion , 28th Infantry , the assaultingassaulting-
battalionassau-
ltingassaulting-
battaliDnassau-
ltingassaulting-
battalionassau-
ltingbattalionbattaliDn ofo f that regiment , enjoyed slight cover untiluntil-
itutili-
tyit started out of the ravine.ravineravinravine . There it ran into notnot-
only
noti-
onally
not-
only
noti-
onally
otot-
only
co-
ttonyonly this murderous artillery fire but alsoalloGallo heavy firefiref-
rom
fore-
front
firef-
rom
fore-
front
firef-
rom
fore-
frontfrom the La Neuville-le-ComteNeuvilleleComteNevilleComate- - Fme.FmeFameFmeFame ., strongpoint.strongpointetrongpoint.etrongpointstandpointtrogon. AnA-
nartillery
A-
marilloA-
nartillery
A-
marilloA-
nartillery
A-
marillo, I'I'
artillery battery and the machinemaohine gunsgunagun were putp t out ofof-
action
ol-
faction
of-
aotion
o-
vation
of-
action
ol-
factionactionaotionabortion by the accompanyingaocompanying guns and the battalion finfin-fin-
allyfin-
allyfin-
ally
¬-
ally captured this battery turning the guns on thethee-
nemy.
He-
nleythee-
nemy.
He-
nleythe-
enemy
He-
nleyenemy.enemy., The battalion finally occupiedocoupied the line Beau-BeauBeau-
reguardRea-
rguardBeau-
reguardRea-
rguardBeau-
reguardRea-
rguard-
(63)lst63lst(63)1st631st(, 63 ) lat Div.DivDiv-.Histp.191.
Di-vHistp191
DiDiv-.Histp.191.
Di-vHistp191
v.vv-
.Hi. reguardregard Fme.-LaFme.LaFme-LaFmeFame., - Neuville-le-ComteNeuvilleleComteNeuville-le.Comtele.ComteNevilleComate- -. Fme.FmeFameFmeFame ., (63)63(63)-
The
63T-
he(63)-
The
63T-
he(63)-
The
63T-
he( )
Histp.191.Histp191.Histp191Histp.191.-CaptainHistp191-CaptainHiHistp.191.-CaptainHistp191-Captain
t.p,191.tp191.tp191t.p,191.-Captain
tp191-Captain
,. ., .CaptainCaptain-Butler.Cap-tainCaptain-BuCapta-inCaptain-Butler.Cap-tain The 3rd Battalion , l8th18th Infantry , was designateddesignated-
as
designated-
al
designate-
dButler.ButlerBu t 1 e r .
asal the assaulta8sault battalion ofo f that regiment , but becausebecaulebecause-
of
becaule-
of
becau-seof the fog and darknessdarkne8a the 2nd Battalion closedolosedloosed up ono-
nit
o-
mit
o-
nit
o-
mit
o-
nit
o-
mitit as& 8 H hour approached and both battalionsbattalionabattalion assaultedaSlaultedassaulted-
togetherassa-
ultedaSlaulted-
togetherassaulted-
togetherassa-
ultedtogether in the regimental lonezone of action.action. AsAI the twotw-
obattalions
tw-
obattalion.
tw-
obattalionsbattalionsbattalion.battalion. left the firetfirstfret objective they ran into heavyheav-
yartilleryheav-
yartilleryheav-
yartilleryartillery and machine gun fire on the bare slope lead-leadlead.lead-
ing
lead.-
ing
lead-
ing
lead-
ing
-.
ingKing to ExermontExperiment ravine.ravine., When the leading elementselement.element. gotgot-
into
goe-
thite
got-
into
goe-
thite
got-
into
goe-
thiteinto ExermontExperiment they were met with heavy enfilade artilleryartillery-
thi
artille-
ry---thithithin-. -. -thithithin- rteen---rteenrtelft--rtelftrteen--teentwelfthrteen-
61
rtelft-
Comte
tele-
com
- -. -,
,. , t
. . . ..., .. . ... . . .... .. . . .', . , - . - -----..- . -. ... " . . . . . . . . . . . ' . ,
fire from thethfthe.theft.! ArgonneJargoned and with close range , flankingflanking-
fireflanking-
tireflanki-
ngfiretire from coveraoverover of the ridge whichwhioh lead to the base ofof-
Hill
of-
Hill
of-
will
o-
wlHillwill 240.240. In spite ofot heavy losses , the remainder ofotof-
the
of-
ten
ot-
the
ot-
her
of-
the
of-
tenthe twowo battalionsbattalion.battalion. began a slow and painfulainrair l advancendvance upup-
theU-
teup-
theU-
teup-
theU-
tethe bare , open ridge leading1eadin to HillMill 240.240. AlthoAlto exhausexhaU8-exhaU8exhaus-exhaustexhaus-
ted
exhaU8-
ted
exhaus-
ted
¬-
ted and sufferingsutteringshuttering from very heavy casualtiesoasualties , detachdetach.detach-detach-
ments
detach.T-
n
detac-
h
detach-
ments
¬.-mentsamentsTn en t managedmanage d tot 0 ascenda 8 0 en d tot 0 the crest0 resRees totof HillHi 11 2402 4 0 , climbclimbWclimb-
ing
cclimbW-
ing
climb-
ing
11m b.bb-
.ing
b-
inge
¬.ingKing up the steep southern slope thru a dense heavy growthgrowth-
of
growth-
ot
growt-
ho
grow-
thofoto f scrub.scrub., On the crestcrest.crest,. a hail ofo f artillery and smallsmall-
arms'
small-
armsmall-
ardssmall-
arms'
small-
armsmall-
ardssmall-
arms'
small-
armsmall-
ardsarms'arms' fire greeted them and they were forced to descenddescend-
to
descen-
dto a position at the southern base ofor the hill.hill. TheTh-
eline
He-
mline
Th-
eline
He-
mline
Th-
eline
He-
mlineline was extended to the leftleft.left,. joining up with the l6th16thl6th-
Infantry
16th-
Infantry
16th-
InfantryInfantry , On the rightright.,. the line was refused to join upup-
with
p-
ewit
up-
with
p-
ewit
up-
with
p-
ewitwith the 28th Infantry , thus making the front line extendextend-
in
extendi-
ngin a northwest-southwestnorthwestsouthwest- direction.direction. The two battalionsbattalions-were
battali-onswere reorganisedreorganiledreorganized and the position organized inin'' depth withwith-
the
with-
held
with-
the
with-
held
with-
the
with-
heldthe 3rd Battalion in front.front., Two companies of the BrigadeBrigade-
reserveBriga-
diersBrigade-
reserveBriga-
diersBrigade-
reserveBriga-
diersreserve were placedploldpl4osdplod_ in position north ofot ExerraontExermontExertionExperiment ravineravine-
on
ravin-eon the left of the 15th18th Infantry zonelone of action as countercounter-
(64)lstcounte-
r64lstcounter-
attackcounter-
attack(64)lst64lst(64)1.t641.t641t(64)64( ) l st. Div.DivDiv-.Hi.t.
Div ., attack elements.elementselemental., (64)64( ) Machine gunsguna were used by the 18th18th-Hint
18th-
Infantry18th-
InfantryHintHi.t.HitHistHeist. ,. p.pp .,190.190., Infantry to a good advantagea antagevantage in destroying machine gungun-
nlst.
gun-
nels
gu-
nnests
Gu-
inness(65)65( 6S65 ) HiHi.t.Hititst. ,. 2nd2nd-M.G.Bn.p.
2n-dMGBnp
2nd-if
neetinlst.nlstnestsnetenlist. thru out the dayday.,. (65)65(65)-M.G.Bn.p.
65-MGBnp
(65)-
A.
65-A
(65)-
As
65-As
( )
M.G.Bn.p.MGBnpeGBnpebonif . ., ., .,3636.36. AsA.A. the 16th Infantry , with the 3rd Battalion in asas-
saulta8-a8as-asa8-
laultas-
sault
¬-
saultlaultadult , leftleltlet thtthethat line of departuredeparturl.departurl,. it became the targettarget-
of
targe-
to
targ-etof01o f raking enfiladeentilade artillery firetire from the ArgonneJargoned Foreet.Foreetrore.troretForestForefeetrarestForeet.-
In
Ferreti-
ng
. .,
In spite.pitepite. of it , the 3rd Battalion advanced and took thethe-
town
thr-
own
the-
town
thr-
own
the-
town
thr-
owntown of01 Fleville.FlevilleFlev1l11.Flev1l11Flexile., The twttt 'qq>'t companieecompani.companicompaniescompanied. . in the AireAir.AirAires. valleyvalley-
clearedval-
leyvalley-
cleareval-
leyvalley-
clearedval-
leyclearedcleare Fme.FmeFamerm.rmf'mefmefame' . ., delde.dedes. GrangesGrange.Grange. ofo f machine guns.gunsgun.gun. ., DivisionDivi.ionDiviion. headhead.head-
.quarter.
head-
quarter
head-
.quarters
head-
quarters*.
quartersquarter.quarter. Bordered'orderedordered' the line to be withdrawn on the reversereverse-
slope
reve-rses
reverse-
elope
reve-rse
reverse-
slope
reve-rsesslopeelope south ofoto f FlevilleFlavlleFlexileFellable! , becausebecaule it was believed that the
- -. -. fourteen--fourteenfourteen-
(64)1.t
fourtee-
n641t
r 0 U ri . en - -..,
:
town would. uldauld be heavily shelled and it was.was. There they dugdug-
in.
drugg-
ing
dug-
indrugg-
ing
dug-
in.
drugg-
ingin.inin ., ThieThi8ThisThief regiment had the honor of beingDAingDing the only unitunit-
in
uniti-
ng
unit-
in
uniti-
ng
unit-
in
uniti-
ngin the First American Army to reachreaoh its objective ono-
nthat
co-
ntact
o-
nthat
co-
ntact
o-
nthat
co-
ntactthat day.day. It paid a heavy price though , because of the20 officersotficers and 800 men who had jumpedj mpedmoped offotfoft with the 3rd3rd-
Battalion3rd-
Battalion3rd-
BattalionBattalion but 2 officers and 240 men were left.leftleft ., TheTh-
eright
He-
ightTh-
eight
He-
ightTh-
eright
He-
ightrightightbight flank ofo f the regimentregimregime nt was refused to join up withwith-
the
with-
held
with-
the
with-
held
with-
the
with-
held(66)l8t66l8t(66)lat66lat(66)1661( ) st Div.DivDiv-.Hist.p.
Div-.Hilt.p.
Div-.Hiatpa
. the 18th Infantry.InfantryIntantry.Intantry., (66)66(66)-
The
66T-
he(66)-
The
66T-
he(66)-
The
66T-
he( )
Hist.p.HistpHilt.p.HiltpHiatpaHeistHiltCharta., .189-190.189190.189190.1890190- ., The Division Commander attached the 6th and 7th7th-
Field
7th-
Fi
7th-
FieldFieldFi el d ArtilleryA rtilltrill e ry regimentsregiment8 tot o the 1st1 at and 2nd BrigadesBrigadeBrigade-
srespectively
Brigade-
srespectively
88-
respectivelyrespectively , when he discovered that the infantry waswa-
sunable
ass-
umable
wa-
sunable
ass-
umable
wa-
sunable
ass-
umableunable to keep up with the barrage.barrage. It waswalwail only becausebecause-
of
because-
orbecau-
seofor the close mutual support ofot the infantryinfa.ntry. and artilleryartillery-that
artille-ry(6767( 667? )Personalknowledge.PersonalPersonalPersonalk-nowledge.Pers-onalPer 6 0 n a1a1-k
that the former was able tot o advanceadvanoe at all.all. (67)67(67(67)-
The
67T-
he(67)-
The
67T-
he( )
knowledge.knowledge.knowledg-
e.(68)lst
knowled-
ge68lst
k no wl ed g e .The accompanyingaccompanyin6 gunsexceptunexceptionalguns , except those ofo f the 28th Infanlnfan-lnfanInfan-InfantInfan-
trylnfan-
tryinfan-
tryInfan-
try¬-
try , were knocked out soon after the jump off and , asae oneon-
ewriter
or-
nerieron-
ewriter
or-
nerieron-
ewriter
or-
nerierwriter has expressed it , "TheyThey" accomplished little moremore-
than
north-
land
more-
than
north-
land
more-
than
north-
land(68)lst68lst(68)1It681It(6868( ) istKist Div.DivDiv-.Hilt.
Div-.Hilt.
Div ., than to add to the heroic sacrifices ofo f the day"(68)day"day" ,. (6868( )
Hilt.HiltHistHeist ., p.p.186.186. 37 mmmm.mm,. gunsgunagun were usedu.eduedcued. to good advantage by the 26th26th-
Infantry
26th-
Infantry
26th-
InfantryInfantry and the 28th Infantry founfoun.found4.< the 3 inch trenchtrench-
mortars
techn-
ocratstrench-
.ort
tren-ch
trench-
mortars
techn-
ocrats( 69 ) CaptainCaptain-CornishCapri-cornsCaptain-CornCapric-ornCaptain-CornishCapri-corns mortars.ortort. PI a usefululetu1 aid in knookingknocking out enemy machine guns(69)guns69gunl.(69)gunl.69gunl69gune(69gune69guns(69)-
As
guns69-As
gunl.(69)-
AI
gunl69-AI
,. ( )
CornishCorn i I h &!CaptainCaptain-Butler.Cap-tainCaptain-Butler.Cap-tainCaptain-Butler.Cap-tain
AsAI can well be imaginedi.aglne'iaglneimagine. ' , the tankstank.tank. sufferedlutterldclutter heavily.heavilyheavily.-
Only
heav-ily
he.yl.heylhey. ! ., .,Butler.ButlerButler-
.(70)lst
Butle-
r70lst
Butler-
.(70)1It
Butle-
r701It
.OnlyOD1 , fivefiyefie out of0o f fortytoriytory seven.eyeneyeneye. tankstankI reached ExerraontIxermontExermontExertionPiedmontExperiment rara-
vine
ra-rara-
Yine
ra-
ined
ra-
vine
¬-
vineYineYin and they werewerlearl destroyed by direct hiti.hitihitsHaitihit _ ., CasualtiesCasualti.CasualtiCasualties-
toCasualti-
es
. .(70)lst70lst(70)1It701It(7070( ) let Dir.DirDiY.DiYDir-
.HistDir-
tiestDiY-
.Hilt.Div ., to tank personnelper.onnelperonnel. amounted to eightyiiht1 fourtour per cent.(70)cent.70cent70cent.TOcentTOcent(70)centcent.(70)-
These
cent70T-
hesecent(70)T-
hese., ( )
HistHilt.HiltHeist,. p.p.194.194194019-
4.(7lPereonal
19-
47lPereonal
194-
.(71)Perlonal
19-
471Perlonal
. TheseThe.eThee. tanks were.ereere. in1n bad mechanical shape.hapehape. though.though. They hadhad-
been
ha-
dean
had-
be.n
har-
den
had-
been
ha-
deanbeenbe.nben. usedulldauld in the St.StSit. MihielMih181Michel attack and then had beenb.enben. movedmoved-
to
move-
dt
mov-
edtot o the MeuseleUI.leUIMuseleI. ArgonneArgoDnlJargonedArgon fronttronttrot without being sentlent tot o a tanktank-
park
tan-
bark
tank-
p
tan-
k
tank-
park
tan-
bark(7lPereonal7lPereonal(71)Perlonal71Perlonal(7lPereonalk-nowledge.
7lPereonalk-nowledge
(71)Perlonal-knowledl.
71Perlonal-knowledl
(771771( ) PersonalPersonalk-nowledge.Pers-onal parkp .. rk fortortore repairs.repairsrepair.repair. . (71)71(71)-
The
71T-
he(71)-
Th.
71-Th
(71)-
The
71T-
he( )
knowledge.knowledgeknowledl.knowledlknowledg-
e.(72)Pertonal
knowledg-
e72Pertonal
knowledge-
.(72)Personal
knowledg-
e72Personal
, .TheTh.Th. cavalrycayalcabal rJ squadronIquadronQuadroon wasw.w. . not useduledruled asa.a. there wasW&IWI& nono-
opportunity
in-
opportunely
no-
opportunitl
in-
opportunely
no-
opportunity
in-
opportunely(72)Pertonal72Pertonal(72)Personal72Personal(72)Pertonalk-nowledge.
72Pertonalk-nowledge
(7272(72)Personal-k
72Personal-k
( ) pe flon.lflonlfelonflon.l-k
felo-n
. opportunityopportunitlopportunist fortortore doingdoiniDominic so.so10.10. (72)72(12)12( )
knowledge.knowledgeraowl''SI.raowlSIbrawlsk nowlowl edge' '' .,- fifteen-fifteentt.ll1-tt.ll1--fifteen.- - fifteen-
(66)lat
fiftee-
n66lat
ti tt.ll1-
(66)1
ttll1-
661
. -?
,:)
I
From a divisionald1Y1.1onald1Y11onal. standpointetandpolnt the supply elementsellment.ellmentbellmenelements-
functionedele-
mentsellment-
.functioned
elements-
functionedele-
ments.
functioned very well and at no time was"a.a" . therethlrethree any dede-
ficiencyde-dede.de-
73
¬-.(73)Personal73Personal(73)Personalk-
nowledge.73Personalk-
nowledge(7373( 73 ) PerPersonala 0 n alal-
kFal-
kficiencyfiction in foodtoodstood or ammunition.ammunition. (73)73(73)-
The
73T-
he(73)-
The
73T-
he(73)-
knowledge.73k-
nowledge( )
knowledge.knowledgeknowledg-
e.(74)lst
knowled-
ge74lst
k no w1 edge.edge.The field hospitals andandtheanthemthe.the-the.- sanitary train werewere-
hard
wireh-
aired
were-
hard
wireh-
aired
were-
hard
wireh-
airedhard pushed , but they did their duty in accordance withlthlathwith-
the
with-
held
with-
(74)1stwit-
h741stlth-
(74)1Itlth-
741It(74)lst74lst(74)1It741It(74)1st741st( ) Div.DivDiv-.Hist.
Div-.Hilt.
. the higheethighest standardsstandard.standard. of the Medical Corps.CorpsCorp.Corp. ., (74)74(74)-
At
74-At
(74)-Hist 74-Hist
( )
Hist.HistHilt.HiltHeistHistHeist ., p.p.194.194194-
.(75)Personal
19-
475Personal
. At the end of the day , the Division had accomplishedaccompli.hedaccomplihedaccomplishe-
dits
accompli.he-
ditl
accomplish-
ed.
itsitlil mission in partpart.,. A wedge from two to four kilometerskilometers-
inkilomete-
rsin depth had been driven.driven. And it waswaewade driven thru almostalmost-
insurmountablealmost-
ineurmountablealmost-
insurmountableinsurmountableineurmountable obstaclesobltacles by the disciplinediloipline , moralemorals andand-
courage
an-
chorage
and-
(75)Peraonal
an-
d75Peraonal
and-
courage
an-
choragecourage of the combat unitsunite of the 1stlot Division - principrinei-prineiprinci-princeprinci-
pallyprinei-
pallprincip-
allyprinci-
(75
princi-
75¬-
(75)Personal75Personal(75)Peraonal75Peraonal(75)Personalk-nowledge.
75Personalk-nowledge
(75)Peraonal-k
75Peraonal-k
(7575( ) Personal pallypallpalelyy goodgoo doldoleoldd "JohnJohn"JJ" 0 h n Doughboy"DoughboyD 0 U gh boy"boy" ,. (75)75(75)-
The
75T-
he(77(75)-
knowledge.75k-
nowledge( 5 )
knowledge.knowledgeknowledge-
.(76)Personal
knowledg-
e76Personal
k nowlowl edge.edge.The CorpsCorp.Corp. ordered the attack continued on OctoberOctober-
5th
October-
Sih.
Octob-ers
October-
5th.
October-
5th5thSih.Sih5th.Sikh,. The Division CommanderC.mmandlrCmmandlrCommand. decideddecidld to firstfir.tfirt. bring thethe-
l8ththe-
18th
the-
18thl8th18th Infantry and the 2nd Brigade on line with the 16th16th-
Infantry
16th-
Infantry
16th-
InfantryInfantry and then have all four infantry regiments continuecontin"contincontaincontinue-
thecontin-
ue" .
the attack to the original 3rd objective.objective. In other wordswordl.wordlworldwordl-
.the
word-
list
,.
the schemelohemecloche of maneuver was.alal. to pivot the attack on the 16th16th-
Infantry
16th-
(76)Perlonal16t-
h76Perlonal
16th-
(76)Personal16t-
h76Personal(76)Personal76Personal(76)Perlonal76Perlonal(76)Personalk-nowledge.
76Personalk-nowledge
(76)Perlonalk-nowledge.
76Perlonalk-nowledge
( ) InfantryIn lantleant ry (76)76(16)16( ) .,knowledge.knowledgeknowledge-
.(77)l
knowledg-
e77l
.The firsttir.ttirttit. objective of the l8th18th Infantry and the 2nd2nd-
Brigade
2nd-
Brigade
2nd-
BrigadeBrigade waswalwail a line from the crestcreltcelt ofo f Hill 240 to thethe-
northern
eth-
nographer
the-
northern
eth-
nographer
the-
northern
eth-
nographernorthern edge of the woods justJUltJUt north of Hill 212.212212 ., TheThe-
second
Th-
ereonThe-
.econd
Th-
ereon
The-
second
Th-
ereonsecond.econdecond. objective waswalwail from the line ofo f the l6th16th InfantryInfantry-
toInfantr-
ytInfantr-
yInfantry-
T1)1.tInfantr-
yT11t(77)l77l(7777( T1)1.tT11.tT11t) l st. t DiT.DiTDiY.DiYDietDiT-.Hist
Pit-hiest
Div ., tot o the northern baseba.ba. . ofo f Hill 272.272272e. (77)77(77)-
The
77T-
he(77)-
Hi.t.77-Hit(77)-
The
77T-
he( )
HistHi.t.HitHilt.HiltHeist. ,. p19619 6 and F.O.FOr.o.roFO.., . The terrain waswa.wa. more difficult , if anything , to attackatta.okattaokattack-
than
attrac-
tantattMattatta.ok-
than
:. ok48 , p.436.p436.p436. .
than that ofo f the day before.before. On the right Hill 212 andan-
dtie
au-
ntie
and-
t.
an-
d
and-
was
pan-
das
tiethet.t. . woodswood.wood. to the north were.ereere. heldheidHeidi in strength.strengthlirengtb.lirengtbclient. Beyond , thethe-
western
te-eter
the-
we.tern
te-eter
the-
western
te-eterwesternwe.ternwetern. edgee4il of the BoisBoi.BoiBoil. dedoe MoneyMODOYMOODY and FmeFame'me.me' ,. d'ArietaldArietald'Ar1etaldAr1etalparietal' were.erlerlearlwer-
estrongly
terr-
estrially
wer-
estrongly
terr-
estrially
..erl-
.tronsl1
erl-
tronsl1strongly.tronsl1tronsl1. organised.organisedoraaniled.oraaniledorganized., Further on , the forbiddingtorbiddigg, . b144i'lb144il' Hill 272212272-
was
212-
wal
272-
The
waswalwail alivealivialibi with machinemacbin.macbinJacobin. guns.gunsgun.gun. ., In the 28th Infantry zonelonezone-
of
zo-ne
lone-
of
lon-
ezone-
of
zo-neof attackattaok , there waswalwail firstf1rlt a deep , narrow valley to bebe-
crossed
de-
creased
be-
oro..ed
bo-
rrowed
be-
crossed
de-
creasedcrossedoro..edoroedborrowed. . on the northern edgeedseese of which the enemy had aa-
sixteen.
s-
ixteensixteen-sixteen.lxte.n--.lxte.n--sixteen.sixteen.- - sixteenF-
rom
sixte-
en
..lxte.n-
I
.lxte.nF-
rom
. -. *-.
c
. . . . . . . . . . . ' , . ' . . . . .
small trenchtrenoh system.systemsytem.sytem, ., The zone of attackattaok waewaswade enfiladedenfiladedf-
romenfilade-
dtroenfilad-
edfromtrotaro Hill 212 and Hill 240.240. To the north Hill 272 againagain-
dominated
aban-
donmentagain-
dominated
aban-
donmentagain-
dominated
aban-
donmentdominated thiethisthief tone.tonelone.lonezone.zone. In the l8th18th Infantry zone of action ,
first and foremost Hill 240 had to be taken.taken. When it waswas-
taken
wa-
stagewas-
taken
wa-
stagewas-
taken
wa-
stagetaken , the whole northern elopeslope waswalwail under observation fromfrom-
thatfr-
othfrom-
thatfr-
othfrom-
thatfr-
oththat damnable Hill 272 , which absolutely dominated thethe-
groundth-
ereonthe-
groundth-
ereonthe-
groundth-
ereonground over which the Division had to attack.attack. On the left ,
what remained of the 16th Infantry grimlygrilnlygrill held on whilewhile-
thewhi-
lewhile-
thewhi-
lewhile-
thewhi-
lethe enemy kept a rain ofo f artillery pouring down on themthem-
from
therm-
oform
them-
trom
Tex-
tron
them-
from
therm-
oformfromtromtromp the heightsheightaheight ofo f the ArgonneJargoned Forest.ForestFore.t.ForetFloretForest.-
The
Fore-st
Fore.t.-
The
Forge-
tter
. .,
The DivisionDiYision order providedproviProvo ed that the artillery firefire-
heavy
free-
wayfire-
heavy
free-
wayfire-
heavy
free-
wayheavy concentrationsconcentrationaconcentration between the line of departure andand-
the
ant-
hem
and-
the
ant-
hem
and-
the
ant-
hemthe first objective from H minusminul 15 minutesminute.minute. to H hour.hour., AtA-
tthat
At-
hwart
A-
tthat
At-
hwart
A-
tthat
At-
hwartthat time a rolling barrage was to proceedpreceed the infantryinfantry-
atinfantr-
yat the rate of 100 meters in 4 minutes.minutesminutea.minuteaminute., While the InfantryInfantry-
waitedInfa-
ntryInfantry-
waitedInfa-
ntryInfantry-
waitedInfa-
ntrywaited fortortore two hours on the firstfir.tfirt. objectiveobjectiye , the artilleryartillery-was
artilleryw-
aaartille-
rywaswaaWada to place heavy concentrationsconcentration.concentration. on the terrain betweenbetween-
the
betwe-enthe firstfir.tfirt. and second objectivesobjective.objective. and in the western edge ofof-
the
of-
ten
of-
the
of-
ten
of-
the
of-
tenthe BoisBoil de Money.MoneyMonty.Monty. The same rolling barrage was to bebe-
placed
re-
placed
be-
plaoed
be-
labored
be-
placed
re-
placedplacedplaoed in front ofor the infantry as in the advance to thethe-
firstth-
eirsthe-
firstth-
eirsthe-
firstth-
eirsfirst objectiveobjective.*. The samelame method ofo f employing the artil-lery
artilartil-artilyartil-lery
artil-lery
¬-.leryleery waewaswade to be usedu.eduedcued. iniD advancingivaDoinginvadinga < to the 3rd objective.objectiveobjective.-
The
objecti-ve
objob ective.ectiveactive.
The DivisionDivilion attack order alsoa180 prescribedpre.a.ibedpreaibedpreechibedprevailedreechoed. . that twotwo.two-
companies
w-oodman
two-
.compani.
two-
.companies
.
companiescompani.companicompanied. . of the 26th Infantry attack due eastealtdealt and taketake-
theta-
ketake-
theta-
ketake-
theta-
kethe westernwe.ternwetern. edge ofo f thtthethat BoisBole de Money.MoneyKonoy.KonoyMonoyKookyMonody., The CommandingCommandinsCommandin-
gGeneral
Comma-nding
Commandin-
sGeneral
Comma-nding
Commandin-
gGeneral
Comma-ndingGeneral of01 the 2nd Brigade waswalwail given the divisiondiviaion reservere.ervereervereserve-
battalionres-
ervere.erve-
battalionreserve-
battalionres-
erve.
battalion of the 26th Infantry and he waswalwail ordered to have'bay.bay'have'bay-
.that
bay-
that
bat-
hmat
'have-
that
have-
that
har-vest
'have-
that
har-vest
.that battalion and the battalion of thetb 28th Infantry inin-
brigade
in-
ebriate
in-
brigade
in-
ebriate
in-
brigade
in-
ebriatebrigade reserver.l.rY'erlrYelyre. . ' , pass. 'II' through the assault. . .aultaultSault. battalionsbattalion.battalion. ofof-
his
oa-
fish
of-
his
oa-
fish
of-
his
oa-
fishhis brigadebrigacSe at thethe'', firstfiz-atfizatfizz- objectiveobJob ectiY'eectiYeectype' and makelDatlat e the attackattaok onon-
the
M-
onte
on-
the
M-
onte
on-
the
M-
ontethe second.econ4econ4. objective.objectiveobjeotive.,
---seventeen---seventeen.vent.en---.vent.enseventeen--vent-. - - seventeen-
small
sevent-
een
...vent.en-
c
vengeanc-
e
.vent.en-
small
. - - -.
\
The results of thethe'the-thedays'thedaysheydays'- days'days' fighting were to etraigi-etraigistraigibetrayingstrafingetraigi-
ten
straigh-
tenetraidetrain 1"11"-
ten1-
ten
-"
ten the line and to widen the wedge already driven.drivendriven.-
Againdri-
vendriven.-
Againdri-
vendriven.-
Againdri-
ven.
Again , it was the close mutual support of infantry ,
machine guns and artillery whichwhioh permitted the advanceadvance-
toadvan-
ceto be made.mademade.-
The
man-
date
made.-
The
man-
date
made .,
The Corps had orderedrdered the Division to assist thethe-
advance
he-adache
the-
advance
he-adache
the-
advance
he-adacheadvance of the division on the right , now the 32nd DivDiv-Di-
vision
Di-
vision
Di-
vision
¬-
isionvision , so the Division CommanderCommaader ordered the CommandingCommandin-
gOfficerComma-
ndingCommandin-
gOfficerComma-
ndingCommandin-
gOfficerComma-
ndingOfficer , 26th InfantryInfantry.,. to send a patrol throught.hrough. thethe-
Boie
the-
ories
the-
Bois
the-
ories
the-
Bois
the-
oriesBoieBoisBoise de MoneyYoncyYoon towards Hill 269 , when he had taken thethe-
Frae
th-ere
theF-
me.
the-
methe-
Fme
the-
meFraeFmeFrameFameFme.FmeFame,. d'Arietal.dArietalArletal.Arletalparietald'd' . This was done and the patrol managedmanaged-
in
manag-
edin some accountable manner to reach Hill 269.269., It rere-
ported
re-rere-
ported
re-
ported
¬-
ported the hill unoccupied , so80 a platoon of twenty fourfour-
men
fora-
men
four-
men
fora-
men
four-
men
fora-
menmen were sent to occupy it.it. AsAI a matter ofot fact , thethe-
reporttel-
eportthe-
reporttel-
eportthe-
reporttel-
eportreport that the hill was unoccupiednoccupied was partly incorrect.incorrectincorrect.-
Thisincorr-
ectincorrect.-
Thisincorr-
ect.,
This hill consisted ofoto f a ridge running east and west.westwelt.weltwest ., OnO-
nthe
M-
onte
O-
nthe
M-
onte
O-
nthe
M-
ontethe ridge there were three knolls , the westernmost thethe-
lowest
he-
lloesthe-
lowest
he-
lloesthe-
lowest
he-
lloeslowest and the easterneaetern onoone the highest.highest., The westernwestern-
knollwest-
ernwestern-
knollwest-
ernwestern-
knollwest-
ernknoll was unoccupied but the others were held.held. As thethe-
crestth-
ereatthe-
crestth-
ereatthe-
crestth-
ereatcrest and sides8ide8 ofot the hill were heavily wooded , it waswas-
only
wan-
tonly
was-
only
wan-
tonly
was-
only
wan-
tonlyonly natural that the 26th Infantry believed thatthai itii hadha-
dall
hand-
ball
ha-
dall
hand-
ball
ha-
dall
hand-
ballall of the hill.hill., However , this platoonlatoon greatly confusedcontusedconfused-
the
contused-
theconfus-
edcontus-
edthe enemy , as hishi.hi. line in frontIrontIron of the 32nd DivisionDivision-
wae
Division-
was
Divisi-onwaewaswade severaleeveral hundred metersmeter.meter. south of Hill 269 and iteitaitsbiteKitaite-
partialthe-
atricalita-
partialinte-
rpretable
its-
partialts-
arinapartial occupation probably savedaavedcaved a costlycOltlycoolly attack.attackattack.-
The
atta-ck
.,
The DivisionD ,.Yia1onYia1on.yisionyisionvision. Commanderommand.rommandrC . promptly requestedrequeaieeSequalizes , on OcO-
ctober
00-00Oc-Oc0-
0tob.r
0-
0tobrO-
ctober
¬-
tobertob.rtobrTibertomb. 6th , that the 32nd Division relieve the garrisongarri80ngarrison-
on
garri80n-
on
garriso-non Hill 269.269. Both the V, CorpeCorpsCopeOrplCorp Commander and the 32nd32n-
dDivision
32nd-
Di'l.I1011
32nd-
DilI1011
32n-
dDivisionDivisionDi'l.I1011Dil.I1011DilI1011' :!. OommanderomllanderCommanderHollanderC refusedretuaedretied to believeb.liev.bliev. . that the letlitlot DiviDiyDivi-DivDivi-
sion
Divi-
sion
:!. ¬.-
sionlionscion had taken the hill.hill., The DivisionDiyis10n Commander thenthen-
made
hen-
naed
then-
lIade
Athe-
nian
then-
made
hen-
naedmadelIadelade a personalperaonal appeal to the ArmyAnayAna CommanderCOllmaneS.rCOllmaneSrCollimates. , GeneralGeneral-
Pershing
Gene-ralizes
Genera-
lPerlhinlGe-
neralGeneral-
Pershing
Gene-ralizesPershingPerlhinlPerishingBerlin , and on the night of01 October 6th6tb-1th6tb1th- 7th? th , a battalionbattaliCBbattaliCB.-
nineteen.
battalion-
Mani
battali-
on-ManiManiMania-. nineteen--nineteen-.nineteen..nineteen.- . note en.-en.-. -. *. i! ';i.i.
_ . _.JJJJ._ _ jJjJ-
The
j-
ute
H hour was fixed at 6.306306,30., A.M.AMA.MA.M-
.The
A.-
M.. .,
The let1st Battalion ofo f the 26th Infantry was againagain-
inagai-
nin assaultaS8ault but after heavy losses in taking Hill 212 , itit-
was
vi-
tasit-
was
vi-
tasit-
was
vi-
taswas necessary at that time to pass the 3rd BattalionBattalion-thru
Battalio-nth
Battali-onthruth r'JrJru' it.it. This'l'hilhihi' ' wasWEiSWeiss, done and the firstf1 rstrest objectiveobjob ectihectic ve was takentaken-
on
take-n
taktack enen-
on
ten-
onon time.time., In advancing to the second objective , the 3rd3rd-
Battalion3rd-
Battalion.
Battalion had a difficultditfioult time due to the strongstrngstring, ) pointspoints-
of
points-
ot
poin-tsofot the Fme.FmeFrne.FrneFameFranceFmeFame ., d'ArietaldArietald'ArietdArietparietaldriest' .11. and in the westernvresternveteran edge of thethe-
3ois
the-
ois
theo-
ries
the-
Bois
the-
ories3oisBoisoisLois de Money.Money. These strong points were taken by inin-
filtrationin-inin-
filtrationin-
filtration¬-
filtration andflndfind byb ' direct easterneaetern attackatta.ck. ofar two companiescompanies-
on
compani-eson the BoieBoisBoise de Money aeaf the division order had prescribprescrib-prescribeprescrib-ed
re crib-cribcrib-
e
scrib-
e
¬-
ede d ,. FurtherFu rt her advancea d van c e was impossibleimp 0 S sib 1 e duedu e totottheh e heavyheavy-
machine
hay-making
hheavy-
machine
hay-making
e a v yy-
machine
m-
achinemachine gun fire fromtromtromp Hill 272.272. So the 3rd BattalionBattalion-
dug
Battali-ondug in on the line southernsousoul the rn edge ofo f Le Petit Bois-Fme.BoisFme.Bois-FmeFmeFameBoisFme-
.dfArietal
BoisFme-
.d'ArietalBoisFm-
edArietal
- .,
dfArietald'ArietaldArietalArietaldeferentialparietald'd' , and well'.RR. ; E: 11 into theth e BoieBoisBoise de MoneyMoney.Money-
.The
Moo-ney
!!. 0 n 0 Y ,.
The 33rdrd BattalionB st, t l ion t, 8th28th? InfantryIn rant ry met stubborns tubboturbo rn rere-
sistancere-rere-
eistan
re-
sistant
re-
sistance
¬-
sistanceeistandistanceinstantce fromtromtromp the starttarts but by infiltration and purepure-
courage
pro-
curable
pure-
courage
pro-
curable
pure-
courage
pro-
curablecourage , it advancedadvancAd to the OrestcrestRest of Hill 240240.240,. The 2nd2n-
dBattalion
2n-
dBattalion
2n-
dBattalionBattalion , which had been in Brigade reserve , made thethe-
assaulthe-
adsailthe-
assaulthe-
adsailthe-
assaulthe-
adsailassault on the second objective.objective., However , the fire fromfrom-
Hill
foo-
thill
from-
Hill
foo-
thill
from-
Hill
foo-
thillHill 22272? was so deadly that it was forcedtorcedtorched to dig inin-
along
in-
haling
in-
along
in-
haling
in-
along
in-
halingalong the northernnQrth&rnnQrthrn& base ofot Hill 240.240240-
.The
240-
The
240-
.The
240-
The
240 .,
The 3rd Battalion ofot the l8th18th Infantry again climbrc1imbclimb-climbclimberclimbr-
ed
climb-
ed
c1imb-
ad
climb-
ed
-
edad Hill 240 , A fresh enemy battalion was defending it ,
The attack became a large number of small fightstights andand-
the
ant-
hem
and-
the
ant-
hem
and-
the
ant-
hemthe issueiseuesegue was kill or be killed.killed., The enemy garrisongarrison-
was
garris-onwas simply annihilated.annihilated., The advance on the 2nd objecobJeo.obJeoobjec-objectOberonobjec-
tiveobJeo-
.tive
objec-
tiveobjec-
tive
¬.-
tivetie waswa.wa. stopped by the enemy machine gunsgun.gun. on Hill 2227222-
and
2727-
and
272-
and
?
and the battalion dug in1n along the northern base ofot Hill- ' ' - - ' ' with thth.16'ihth.16ihth16ihtha'l'6chthal6ch' l6ch' ' :rafGraf' '- thethe-thelefthelmethe'he'- leftl'e'ttlettlet' ' . - . - . . . , , - . . "- --- . ' .240240-2240'o'onnectin'g240oonnectingO ,; 'c'cconnecting'o'onnectin'goonnecting-nn-eciinnecii'c'nneciicnneciiHeidiconnection g'gg'upgupgulpup *. : ; InfantryIn'iantry-In'iantryIniantryIn'iantryatiIniantryatiatry'atryarty anQUati
t
' and the 28th InfantryInfInfo ntryentry on the right.rightrigbt.; The l6th16th InfantryIntantryIntantry-
made
Infant-ryr
Infantry-
manInfan-
tryInfantry-
(78)lotInfantr-
y78lotr
(78)1781(7878(78)lot78lot( )lltliltit Div , made no advance.advance., (78)78(78)-Hlit.
78-Hlit
(78)-Hilt
78-Hilt
( )
Hlit.HlitHilt.HiltLit., ptP.Pp .,195202.19520219'-202.19202.19'19202.X95.202.X95202.X95202'*-. . . . ..-. eighteen--eighteen.eighteen-.eighteeneighteen-
(78
eighteen-
78
.eightee-
nH
eighte-
en
- -.. . . .- ' -- --
4
of the 32nd Division , marching thru the zone of01'01' actionaction-
of
actio-nof the 1stlot Division , relieved this gallant platoon.platoonplatoon-
.(79)Personalplatoon-
79Personal.,
(79Personal79Personal(79)Personal(79Personalk-nowledge.
79Personalk-nowledge
(7979( {) PersonalPersonal-knowledgePers-onal (79)79(79)-k
79-k
( )knowledge.knowledgeknowledge-.1stknowledge-1stk n owl edge.edgeedge-.let
edge-less
.,1stlet Div.DivDiv-.Hist.
Div-.Hiat.
Div-.Hist
Div-vies
. OCTOBEROCTOBPR 6-3.63.63.6..8.68.6863.-
The
63-
The
6..8-
.The
68-
The
6.6-.. 8 .,Hist.HistHiat.HiatHeistHat., p.201p201. ;
FarrelFarrell , p.p. The Divisionivision was ordered to hold its line on OctoOcto-Octo.OctOcto-
ber
Octo-
ber
Octo-
.ber
Octo-
ber
¬-.51.515-
1.(8olst
5-
18olst
51-
.(80)lsi
5-
180lsi
.berbeer 6th.6th. ThisThilThinly does not meanme a.nan. thatih at, the fronttronttrot was quiet.quietquiet.-
Attempts
quiquiet.-
Attempts
at.atat-
.Attempts
.
Attempts were madeadeSade to push patrols to the front and toto-
advance
T-
orrance
to-
advance
T-
orrance
to-
advance
T-
orranceadvance by infiltration againsta ainstvainest Hill 272 , but all movemove-mov-
ements
mov-
ements
mov-
ements
¬-
mentsaments were checked by the enemy.enemy. TheTh e 3rd3 rd BattalionB ai t a1 ion ,
26th InfantryIntatltryInitiatory , whilewh i 1 attempting to flank1'111' ankYank Hill 272 ranran-
into
an-
oint
ran-
into
an-
oint
ran-
into
an-
ointinto a large body of enemyen emyEmmy troops.troopst ro op II.II. Hard fightingfightinS rere-
sulted
re-rere-
sul
re-
sult
re-
sulted
¬-
sultedsiltedsulsoul t ed but the enemy was defeatedteatedtreatedde and the ground gainedgained-
was
gained-
wal
gain-edwaswalwail held.held. The 1stlItlot EngineersbeganEngineerabeganEngineerebeganEngineersEngineerEngineered the construction ofotof-
a
ot-
a
sof-
aa defensive position along the ChaudronCauldron Fme.-SerieuxFme.SerieuxFameSherrieFme.SerieuxF-
me.
FmeFame ., - SerieuxSherrieSerieuxF-
moSherr-
ieFme.FmeFameFmoMo ., line.lineline.-
The
lin-netline.-
Th
linn-
et.,
TheTh e artilleryart ill eryvery had continually been displaceddilplaced forfor-for-
ward
for-
ward
for-
ward
¬-
ward with the advance and during the day some ofo f it gotgot-
w
got-
as
g-ot
goa-
ts44-
asw-
(8olst8olst(80)lsi80lsi(8080( ) l st Div.DivDiv-.Hist.p.
Div-.Hilt.p.
Div ., asae fartar north asal La NeuvillNevilleNeuville-le.ComteNeuvillele.ComteNevillee-le-CeleCa-le-ComtealeComteComate- -. orate Fme.FmeFameFmeFame ., (80)80(80)-
On
80-On
( )Hist.p.HistpHilt.p.HiltpHeistHilt., .,202-203.202203.202203.202.203.202203202.203-. ., On the morning of01'01' October 6th , the Division ComCom--Com-
mander
Com-
mander
Com-
was
Co-mas
¬-
mandermaundermande-
rfeasabilitywas asked by the CorpsCorp.Corp. his opinion as to thethe-
feasabilitythe-
tealabilityfeasabilitytealabilityfeasibilitytaxability of having the 82nd Division enter thetbetube tonelonezonetone-
of
ton-
elone-
of
lon-
ezone-
of
zon-
eof the 1stlet DivisionDiYieion and having it attack northwestnorthweatnorthwest-
againstnorth-
westnorthwea-
tagainstnorth-
eastnorthwest-
againstnorth-
westagainst the ArgonneJargoned on the morning ofot October 7th.7th., TheTh-
eDivision
Te-
levisionTh-
eDivil10n
Th-
eDivision
Te-
levisionDivisionDivil10n Commander statedetatedtatted that the plan was feasibleteasiblefeasible-
but
teasible-
but
feasib-lebut advisedadvaii4edadv .eded. that it would be better to delay the attackattack-
twenty
attra-ctant
attack-
twenty
attra-ctant
attack-
twenty
attra-ctanttwenty fourtour hours.hourshouri.hourihori. HisHieHide reasonsrea80ns fortortore advisingadvil1ng delay werewer-
ethat
swee-
theart
wer-
ethat
swee-
theart
..rere. .r-
ethat
re-
heatthat there waswalwail no opportunity for the 82nd DivisionDivillonDillon toto-
make
T-
amae
to-
make
T-
amae
to-
make
T-
amaemake a proper reconnaissancereconnail.ancereconnailance. especiallyelpecially ofot fordstordetore acrossacrolaarcolaacross-
theacro-
ssacrola-
theacrol-
ithacross-
theacro-
ssthe AireA1rlAires RiverRi..erRierBrier... and that the 82nd DivisionDivi.lorlDivilorlDivisor. would have toto-
make
T-
amae
to-
make
T-
amae
to-
make
T-
amaemake a forced march to getie'ie' into position.positionpo 1tloft.1tloft.,
--twenttwenttwenty- twenty--twenty-.twenty.twenty-. -. twenty-
of
twen-
ty
, -. -.*..
;
'\. --- . " .
_ --... --...- .- -.... . ... . .." ., , -
The high command decided that it waswaewade necessarynecessary-
tonecessa-
ryto attack on October 7th.7th? th.th. The 82nd Division enteredentered-
theenter-
edthe zone on the night ofot October 6-7676..76.767-.. , andan under thethe-
supportingtel-
eportingthe-
supportingtel-
eportingthe-
supportingtel-
eportingsupporting fire ofot artillery ( the 6th Field ArtilleryArtillery-assisted
Artil-lery
Artillery-assisted
Artil-lery
Artillery-assisted
Artil-leryassisted ) it successfullylIucot3ssfully! attacked the line Chatel-ChatelChatll.ChatllChatel.ChattelChantillyChatel-
CheheryHillChatll-
.ChlheryHill
-.Chehery-HillCheheryHillChlhery-HillChlheryCheeryCholer- 244.244., This action outflankedouitlanked thethlhl ArgonneJargonedArgonn-
eForest
Jarg-oned
Argonn-
eForeat
Jarg-oned
Argonn-
eForest
Jarg-onedForestForeatForecast and stoppedItoppedTopped the severeI.vereIvereDiverge. galling enemy enfiladeenfilade-
fireenfila-
deenfilade-
fireenfila-
deenfilade-
fireenfila-
defire that the 16th Infantry had endured since OctoberOctober-
4th.
October-
4th
October-
(81)Personal
Octobe-
r81Personal(3lPersonal3lPersonal(81)Personal81Personal(3lPersonalk-nowledge.
3lPersonalk-nowledge
( a 1 ) Per son a1a1-k
4th.4th4th ., (81)81(81)-
One
81O-
ne(81)-
One
81O-
ne(81)-
knowledge81k-
nowledge( )
knowledge.knowledgeknowledg-
e.(82)Penonal
knowledg-
e82Penonal
k n owl e dg e.e.,One of the missionsmissionlmission f0rf.rfrfor. which the BirisionaiYisionllivisionAbrasionBayesianliaison hadhad-
been
had-
eanhad-
been
had-
eanbeen sent into action was now an actual accomplishment.accomplishmentacoomplishment.acoomplishmentaccomplishment.-
So
acoomplishment.-
So
accomplishmen-
ts
.,
So , on October 7th , the Division was transferred to thethe-
V
th-eV Corps to accomplish its second mission-missionmissiontomission.-mission.mission.to,. - to outflankoutflank-
theoutfla-
nkthe territory to the east which the enemy had so farfar-
successfullyf-
ascesfar-
succesltullyf-
ascesfar-
successfullyf-
ascessuccessfullysuccesltully defended.defendeddetended.detendeddependeddefended.-
The
detended.-
The
defend-ed
depend-
ed.
The zone ofot action ofot the Division wasW&8W8& changedchanged-
somewhatcha-
ngedchanged-
somewhatcha-
ngedchanged-
somewhatcha-
ngedsomewhat , so10 that the eastern boundarybODndary was the lineline-
Hill
line-
allyline-
Hill
line-
allyline-
Hill
line-
allyHill 269 - TuillerieTiller Fme.FmeFameFmeFame ., and the western boundary waswas-
the
wa-
ste
was-
the
wa-
ste
was-
the
wa-
stethe line FlevilleFlevlleFlexileLeveled! - Sommeranee.SommeraneeSommeranci.SommeranciSommeranceSomeonePomeranianSomeplace., The 181st InfantryInfantry-
BrigadeInfa-
ntryInfantry-
BrigadeInfa-
ntryInfantry-
BrigadeInfa-
ntryBrigade ofot the 91st Division , badly shaken by recentrecent-
fighting
recon-
figuring
recent-
tighting.
recon-
stituting
recent-
fighting
recon-
figuringfightingtighting.tightinglighting,. waswalwail attachedaitached to thethlhl Division.DivisionDivision.-
During
Divis-ion
Division.-
During
Divis-ion
Division.-
During
Divis-ion
.
During thethlhl night of October 7-8781.818-. , the 1stlet BattalionBaitalionBattalion-
16th
Baitalion-
16th
Battalion-
16th16th InfantryIn rant ry.ry,. in divisiondiv11ion reserver.erverervereprove, . , was moved northIt 0 rthRoth toto-
the
t-ote
to-
the
t-ote
to-
the
t-ote(82)Penonal82Penonal(82)Penonalk-
nowledge82Penonalk-
nowledge(8282( ) PIPersonalPersonal-
knowledgePers-onalrlonalRonaldrlonalI-t
localit-y
the southernlouthernLutheran edgeedgledgily ofot Hill 240.240. The machinemac hineRhine gun comcom-com-
pany
ccom-
pany
011-01101-
1pany
¬-knowledgeIt n 0-1'1'101'01- ' d i I *.,andand-Captainada-ptationand-Captainada-ptationand-Captainada-ptation
panypanky ofoto f the 1stletlot battalion l6th16th InfantryfantrygantryIn was returned toto-
itsti-
tsto-
itlt-
oil
to-
itsti-
tsCaptainCaptain-HelseiyCapta-inciesCaptain-HillelCaptai-nshipCaptain-HelCaptai-nedHelseiyHillelHenleyHilledHelHeel selyshelly)' itsitlil battalion on that night.night., It had been useduledruled by thethe-
lethel-
met
th-elit
the-
istthe-
lothe-
lotletlitlot Brigade onOD machine gun missions.(82)missions.82missions82mil.1onl.(82)mil1onl.82mil1onl82missions.(82)-
Itmissions82-
Itmil.1onl.(82)-
Itmil1onl82-
Itmissions. ., (8282( )
It wasW.IWI. newnow necessarynecI.larynecIlaryancillary. fortortore the DivisionD1Yilion to again taketake-
over
take-
OYlr
ta-ke
take-
overoverOYlrColor HillHl11 269 , So , the 1stlitlet Battalion , 1stlitlot EngineersEng1nelrl ,
with oneonlonly company ofoto f thethlhl 1st Machine Gun Battalion atai-aiat-atai-
iaehlda-
viateat-
tached
*-
taehediaehldtachedteedDiehlached , waewalwaswadewail directeddirleted to take it orer.orerOYlr.OYlrover.overborerColor.
--.tw'Diy.tw'DiytwDiy---twentytwentytawdrily- - .- twenty' one---oneone-
a
Oneg-
a
on.on.-. -. -. *.
'II.11'..1I1I
I
. \ tt-
After
A-
fter
,I
After a long , dreary nightni6ht march in1n a heavy rainrain-
and
rain-
edrain-
and
rain-
edrain-
and
rain-
edand over unfamiliar groundaround , the Battalion made thethe-
relief.eth-
erealthe-
relief.eth-
erealthe-
reliefeth-
erealrelief.relief., The next morning , it was discovereddilcovered that thethe-
enemy
He-
nleythe-
enemy
He-
nleythe-
enemy
He-
nleyenemy was holding the two eastern knollsknolll inn force.force., TheTh-
eBattalion
Te-
arstainTh-
eBattalion
Te-
arstainTh-
eBattalion
Te-
arstainBattalion Commander , displaying praiseworthy aggresaggres-agreesaggres-
siveness
aggres-
eivenesl
aggres-
siveness
aggres-
siveness
¬-
sivenesseiveneslInvernessevenness , at once decided to attack.attack. HisHilPhil plan ofotof-
attack
fa-
tback
ot-
&ttack
o-
tttack
of-
attack
fa-
tbackattack&ttackttacktack& was tacticallytaotically sound80und and the Engineers withoutwithout-
automaticwit-
houtwithout-
automaticwit-
houtwithout-
automaticwit-
houtautomatic riflesrltlellittle and grenadesgrenadelgrenade , attacked with the bay-baybay-
onet
bay-
8
bay-
onet
- .
onetMonet and took all of0o rf the hill.hill. Not only that , but theythey-
held
thre-
shed
they-
held
thre-
shed
the-y(83)Farrel
the-y83Farrel(83)Farrel83Farrel(),( 8 3 ) ra rre 1 , held itit.it,. (83)83( ) In so doing theyth y lived up to the highesthighes-
ttraditions
highest-t
highestp-. highes-tP.P. 53.53,3.3.35-
3.(83)lt
5-
383lt
, .traditionst rad i t ion S of0o f theirthe i r CorpsCorpsananddotofo f the 1st1 s t Division.DivisionDivision.-
The
Divisi-on
D i visAvis ion.ionion.-
The
in-ter
.,
The 26th Infantry while.hilahilaHilda. preparing tot o attack Hill272 on the afternoon of October 3th8th discovered twotwo-
bodies
wo-
odiest
two-
bodies
wo-
odiest
two-
bodies
wo-
odiestbodies of enemy troops , one Just south of Hill 263 andand-
the
ant-
hem
and-
the
ant-
hem
and-
the
ant-
hemthe other just north of HillHl11 272.272212.212., They were.ereere. apparentlyapparently-
gettingappare-
ntlyapparently-
gettingappare-
ntlyapparently-
gettingappare-
ntlygetting ready to counter attack.attack. The 26th InfantryInfantry-
assistedInfa-ntryInfantry-
alsistedInfa-ntryInfantry-
assistedInfa-ntryassistedalsisted by machine gun and artillery fire broke upup-
thesebu-
tchesu-
p(83)1It
u-
p831It
up-
thesebu-
tchesthese bodiesbodie.bodiebodice. , but the regiment waswalwail unable to resume itsit.itits-
maneuver
mis-
conceiver
it.-
maneuver
its-
(83)lstits-
83lst.
(83)lt83lt(83)1It831It(83)lst83lst( ) § Div.DivDiveDiv-.Hiit.
Div-.Hi.t.
. maneuver against Hill 272.272. (83)83(83)-
The
83T-
he(83)-
The
83T-
he(83)-
Hi83-
Hi( )
Hiit.HiitHi.t.HitHi st. ., p.p.204.204204 ., The three daysdaYIdaY of October 6-8686.868-. were a nightmare toto-
the
t-ote
to-
the
t-ote
to-
the
t-otethe 1stlit DivisionDivision.,. The enemy shelled the rear areas so10so-
hisaviLy
S-
ophia10-
h.aviLy1-
0haviLy
so-
helaviLy
S-
heilahisaviLyh.aviLyhaviLyhelaviLythirstilyheavily. that the Fieldrieldriled HospitalsH08pital.H08pital. at CheppyChoppy had to bebe-
movedfurther
be-
movedturther
be-
movedfurthermovedfurthermovedturther south.outhouth. ; all ravinesravinelravine were gassedgalled , hishilPhil machinemachine-
guns
mach-ine
machine-
guns
mach-ine
machine-
guns
mach-ineguns and trench mortars were never silent.silentlilent.lilentclient. At night thethe-
lone
He-
lene
the-
lone
He-
lene
the-
zone
thr-
onelonezone ofo f actionactiDnacting waswaewade an awe inspiringinlpiring sight.sightlighi.lighiLeigh. Signal rookrtot.rtotrook-trotrtot.-
etaRos-
etta
rook-
etcBro-
oke
*.-etsetaetcbets ofot all colorscolor.color. werew.rewreware. in the air ; woodswoodewooded were.ereere. on firetirstir, ,.
ammunition dumpsdump.dump. exploded ; and the flashestlalh.stlalhslaths. of the artilartil-artilyartil-lery
artil-lery
artil-lery
¬-
leryleery lighted the heavsns.heavsnsheav.n.heavnheavensheaven. . ., Hill 240 waswa.wa. a cloudoloudaloud ofot smokeImokesmok-
eduring
smol-
deringImok-
eduring
Mol-dering
smok-
eduring
smol-
deringduring theth'th', dayda)' ; andaadad&.dd. a pillar of firefir.fir. at night.nightnishinisi._ HeH.H. gotgo"go", asas-
good
pa-
goda
as-
good
pa-
goda
. .good as. . he sentI.ntIntDint. though.thoughthouSh.thouShthou. The artillery of the DivisionDtYi.ioDDtYiioDDtvisionTypifiedDivision-
concentrated
DtYi.ioD-
cono.ntrat.dDtvision-
oonoentrated
.concentratedcono.ntrat.dconontratdoonoentrated. . on Hill 272 and tonston.ton. ofo f metal were.rere.. thrownthrown-
twenty
thr-
own
thrown-
iwenty
trans-
iently
thrown-
twenty
thr-
own---twentytwenty---iwentyiwenty- - - two---twotwo--two'-
I
two-
I
tw-
o
two.two-.. -. -.
616-
1(84)Personal
6-
184Personal
.
on it.it. Prisoners later reported that the artilleryartillery-had
artille-ry
artillartily ryry-
had
dr-
yadhad cut theth e lines1 in e I of communicationmmunicationimmunizationc on the hill andan d thatthat-
the
thatc-
hed
that-
the
thatc-
hed
that-
the
thatc-
hed(84)Personal84Personal(84)Personalk-nowledge.
84Personalk-nowledge
(84)Personal-k
84Personal-k
( 84 ) Per 80 n alal-knowledge.
ac-
knowledgethe garrisongarrignarr on waswalwail practically cut offof ! on October 8th.(84)8th.848th848th.(84)O-
CTOBER
8th84OC-
TOBER
88th.(84)O-
CTOBER
8th84OC-
TOBER
th . ( 8 4 )knowledge.knowledgeknowledge-
.(85)F
knowledg-
e85F
k n owl a dgedoge .,OCTOBER 9TH.9TH9TH.-
On
9TH-
On
9TH.-
On
9TH-
On
.,
On October 8th8th.8th,. an order was receivedrecrecd iveddived fromtromtromp the VV-
Corps
C-
orpsV-
Corp
C-
orpV-
Corps
C-
orpsCorpsCorpI.I,. fortortore aagegeneraln e ralUral attackat t ac k on0 n October0 c t 0 b e r 9th.9th9 t h ., TheTh e CorpsCorpCorps-
gave
Cors-age
Corps-
gave
Cors-age
II-
gay.
G-
aygavegay.gay. the Division , with the l8lst1818t181st Infantry Brigade atat-
tached
ateate-
tached
att-
ached*
tachedached , the missionmi81ion ofot helping the 32nd DivisionDivi8ion on theihehethe-
righthe-
ightihe-
righthe-
ightthe-
righthe-
ightright by attacking in a. slightly northeasterlynorthea.terlynortheaterly. direction ,
(85)F85F( 85 ) F 0.49let049leto,49leto49let0.49let-Div.ft
049let-Divft
o.oo,49let-Div
o49let-Div
., 4 ,1st1st,1st-Div.
1st-Div
, thus cleaning up LeLa petit BoleBoilBois and the BoleBois dedo Romagne.RomagneRomanceRomagne.(8SRomagne.8SRomagne8SRomagne(85)Romagne85Romagne(85)-
The
Romagne85-
The
., ( 85 })Div.ftDivftDiv.DivDriftDiv ., !& letlit1stlet-Div.
flee-ted
litD-iv.
lift-ed
1st-DivDiv.DivDiv ., HistHeistHilt.HiltHilt.-p.
Hillto-p
,. The Division was in a bad state to make any furfur-fur-
ther
fur-
ther
!ur-urur-
therfu-
rther
¬-P.P. 439.43943-
9.(86)Personal
43-
986Personal
.therether attacks.attacksattack.attack. . CasualtiesCalualtielCalculative had been exceedingly heavy ;
the DivisionDivsiDDDivided! was.aaaa. tired ; the only two freshtrelhTel unitsunitlunit in itit-
were
int-
erred
it-
were
int-
erred
it-
were
int-
erredwere the let1st Battalion , 16th Infantry , and the 2nd2n-
dBattalion
2n-
dBattalion
2n-
dBattalionBattalion , let EngineersEngineerl.EngineerlEngineerEngineerl.-
The
Engine-er
,.
The DivisionDivAlionDialing Commander was fullytully awareware of thesetheletheethese-
facts
tesse-
llates
thele-
tactlteet-
otalthese-
facts
tesse-
llatesfactstactltact and further that the hardest tasktalk ofot all waswatswatwas-
ahead
wa-
shedwat-
ah
swa-
th
was-
ahead
wa-
shedaheadah e adoofo tf him-himhimthehitherhim , -". the takingtat in g of0o f the redoubtablere d 0 u b tab Ie Hill 27227 2.22-
.In
2-
In
,.
In addition , hiehishide artillery strength8trength was very weak forfor-
an
or-
an
for-
an
or-
an
for-
an
or-
anan attack sucheuchouch asal this.thisthil.thilthinlythis.-
Under
thil.-
Under
phil-
ander
this.-
Under
.
Under thesethe.ethee. conditionscondition.condition. he decided to employ hishis-
lastchil-
iastic
hihis-
lastchil-
iastic
,
lastlaltlat infantryintantry reserverl.erYlrlerYlleery. against HillH11l 272 and to divided1Y1de hishilPhilhis-
attack
hai-
rstreak
hil-
a
Hild-
a
his-
attack
hai-
rstreakattacka tack into separateaaparat.aaparatapparatus. phasesphaleahale or operationsoperationloperation so10 that thethe-
fullth-
iefthe-
fullth-
iefthe-
fullth-
ieffull artillery strengthItr.ngtItrngtstrength'strength'atstrengthatTrent. ' at hishi , command could beb.b. emem-
ployed
em-emsm-smem-
ploYld
em-
ployed
sm-
(86)Personal
s-
m86Personal
¬-
(86)Personal86Personal(86)Personalk-nowledge
86Personalk-nowledge
( 8 , ) P e .. a 0 n a1a1-
kployedploYldplayedploy in1n each operation , (86)86(86)-
To
86-To
(86)-knowledge
86k-nowledge
( )
knowledgek now1ed ,. *.,To oarrycarryhoary out this plan , the 1stlitlet BattalionBattalioD , l6th16thl6th-
Infantry
16th-
Infantry
16th-
InfantryInfantry , waswalwail attachedatiaohldAntioch to the l8th18th Infantry and the atat-
tack
at-atat-
tack
at-
tack
¬-
tack orderord.rordr. of the DivisionDiYillonDillon prescribedprl.cribedprlcribed. that it shouldshould-
make
sho-uld
should-
makl
sho-uld
should-
make
sho-uldmakemaklmal the attack againstas.ialtasialtbasalt. Hill 272.272272.-
Two
272-
Two
272.-
Two
272-
Two
272.-
Two
272-
Two
.
Two objectivesobject.aobjectaobject! . . were fixed.fixed., The firstfi..atfiat.. a line runrun-run-
ning
run-
ninl
run-
ning
run-
ning
¬-
ningninlMingnil north ofot Hill 272 and thethlhl secondI.condIcondIcon. a linelin.linOlin. runningrunninl justjuatjutjuat-
twenty
just-
twenty three--threethrel--threlthree-Ethelthree-
84
threl6-
1
...twentytwenty---twenty.- .- .- - -
, .
V1\V-
north
N-
orth
t
.-. ' .- . _ " , .' .. . . . . . . . .. . " " " . . . . .
northlorthcloth! of0o rf the Cote de MaldahMaidahMaltaAidaMaid ah andan d the BoisBoieBoise dode RomagneRomagnl.RomagnlRornagne.RornagneRomanceRomanFrontageRomagnl.-
The
Rornagne-
.The
Rom-an
Fronta-ge
,.The attack order describeddeecribeddecried three operationoperation.operations!. ., InIn-
the
In-
tec
In-
the
In-
tec
In-
the
In-
tecthe firstfir.tfirt. operation , the let1stlist Battalion 16th InfantryInfantry-
was
Infant-rywas tot 0 bebsbeththee spearhead! p e a rh e adooff the attackat 1.1. ac k andan d was totottaketake-
HillTak-
eshi
take-
HillTak-
eshi
ak II-
Hill
C-
hillHill 2722729, the other uniteunitaunitsunit ofot the let1st Brigade conformingconforming-
toconformi-
ngto itiitlitszitiil movementmovementa.movementamovements! .,minuteeinute.inuteinuteeminuteinducteeminutee-
Atminute-str inute.-
Atnutme-
atinutee-
Atnutme-
at.
At H pluapluspleura 22/2222the222/, the 2nd Brigade was to attack withwit-hits
with-
ieswit-
hits
with-
ieswit-
hits
with-
iesits least1ea.t1eat. fatiguedtatigued battalionsbattalion.battalion. , the battalions in brigbrig-brig-
ade
brig-
ade
brig-
ade
¬-
adeSade and division reserve being made available for thatthat-
purpose.
that-
purpo.e.
that-
purpose.purpose.purposepurpo.e.purpoe. . The relieved battalionsbattalion.battalion. were placed in brigbrig-brig.brig-
ade
brig-
ade
brig.-
ade
brig-
ade
¬-.adeSade and division reserve and ordered to reorganize atatF-
me.
bat-
men
atF-
me.
bat-
men
at-
Fme
bat-
menFme.FmeFameFmeFame ., St.St51.51. . GermainermaineGermaneromaineGe andan d FmeFameFme.FmeFame,. d'ArietaldArietalparietald'd' A ri etalfetal respectively.respectivelyr.r. spec 1.111. vilevil y.y., TheTh-
eattack
He-
artache
Th-
eattaok
Hea-
tstroke
Th-
eattack
He-
artacheattackattaok was tot o pivot on the let Battalion , 1stlot EngineersEngineers-
on
Enginee-rson Hill 269269.,. The 3361361st1 at InfantryInfaltry! on itsIteBite right waswaewade orderedordered-
to
ordere-
dto hold its position.positionposition.-
For
positi-on
.
For the letlot Brigade , the artillery was to putput-
down
put-
down
put-
downdown a barrage which was to advance at the rate of 100100-
meters
100-
meter.
100-
meter
100-
metersmetersmeter.meter. in three minutesminute.minute. for fifteenfitt.enfitten. minuteeminute.minuteminutes. , whilewhillhill inin-
ike
in-
ked
in-
tieu-
ntie
in-
the
in-
teriketietheNike valley between Hill 240 and 272 , and at the rate ofot
100 metersmeter.meter. in sixlixix minuteeminute.minuteminutes. , while the 1stlot Battalion , l6th1'6th16th1-6th16thl6th-
Infantry1'6t-
hInfantry
16th-
Infantry16th-
Infantry
'-
Infantry , climbedclimb.dclimbd. Hill 272.272272a. A rolling barragebarrag'barrag' ofo f 100100-
meters
100-
meters
100-
metersmeters in six minutes was placed in front ofot the 2nd2n42nd-
Brigade
2n4-
Brigade
2nd-
BrigadeBrigade asa.a. itsit , zone ofot actionactiQn was through woodswo04.wo04. *.,
AfterAfter.a. two hour halt on theihehe firsttirstthirst objectiveobjectiv.objectiv. , theihehethe-
2nd
ihe-
2nd
the-
2nd2nd BrigadeBriga41 was to advanceadvanolavian to the second.IoondIoondIon. objective.objectiveobjlctive., DurDur-DourDur-
ing
Dur-
ing
Dur-
ing
¬-
ingKing thisthi8 halt the artillery was tofiretofirtaffiestofu, heavy concentraconcentra-concentrateconcentra-
tions
concentra-
tionlconcentr-
ation
concentra-
tions
¬-
tionstionlionstonal in the tonelonezone of the 2nd Brigade between the firstfir.tfirtfirsta-
ndfirsth-
and
fir.ta-
neS
firesto-
nes
firsta-
ndfirsth-
and
.andaneSDanes secondleooneiLeonie objectives.objectivesobj'eotiY.objeotiYj'ectives.jectivesobjectifyjettiesobjectives.-
Brigadeobject-
ivesob j'ectives.-
Brigade
jectives-Brigade
' . . .
BrigadeBrigad.Brigad. CommandersCommanderlCommander werew.r.wr. . orderedoreieredpremiered to organiseorlanil.orlanilorganizeOran. aaddede-
fensive
dewde-
wfensive
de-
fensive
,¬.fensivefenl1Y.fenl1Yfestive. positionpOlitionspoliation on the'hehe' line-linelineHlineHilllineallyline , -. HillH ll 240 - ,. northernrthernrathern edge,4S14S1edge-
of
,4S1-
of
4S1-
of
ed-ge
,
of woodiwood.woodwoods. north ofot HillH1ll 212 at H hour.hour.,
--.twenty.twentytwenty-. -. -twenttwenttwenty-. twenty)' four--fourto\&I'-to&I'Ifour-
lorth
for-
lorn
to&I'-
1
toI-
1
to&I'-
t
toI-
t
tI-
t
to&I-
'north
toIn-
orth
tim-
othy
\& '- -.
.The secondlecond operationoperatiaDoperated waewaswade to advanceadvanc.advanc. the 1stlItlet BatBat-Ba-
ttalion
Ba-
ttali
Batt-
alion
Ba-
ttalion
¬-
taliontalontalitai 0 n , l6th16th1 6th InfantryIn tant ry.ry,. tot 0 the secondlee 0 n d objective.objective0 b j . c t i ve . AfterAfter-
completing
AtAfter-
completing
t e rr-
completing
c-
ompletingcompleting itsit.it. mission with the 2nd Brigade the artilartil.artil-artilyartil-lery
artil.-
leryartil-
leryartil-
lery
¬.-leryleery waswalwail ordered to firetire heavy concentrationsconcentration.concentration. betweenbetween-
thebetwe-
enthe firsttireitire and second objectivesobjectivelobjective in the zone of actionaction-
of
actio-n
actio-noft
acti-onofofttheh . 1stlot11 t BattalionB at t al ion.ion,. l6th16th1 6 th InfantryI n fan try for thirtyth i rt y minutesminutes-
and
minute-man
m i nut e ss-
andand then to put down a rolling barragebarrage.,. whichwhioh advancedadvanced-
atadvanc-
edat the rate of 100 meters in six minutes.minutesminute-
s.iminutes.-
The
minut-es
minut-est
.i11-
TheThe third operation was to advance the rest of thethe-
1stthe-
lethel-
met
the-
lothe-
lot1stletlot BrigadeBrizade to the second objective.objective. After the artilartil-artilyartil-lery
artil-1
artil-lery
-¬-leryleery1 e ry had placedp 1 ace d heavyhe av y concentrationscon c en t rat ion sinin itsi t e zoneZ 0 n e ofof-
action
ol-
faction
0of-
action
ol-
faction
tt-
action
t-
ractionaction fortortore thirty minutes the 1stlet BrigadeBrigade.,. lessleslloselees the 1stlItlet1st-
BattalionlIt-
Battalion.
lib-
ertarianlet-
BattalionBattalionBattalion. ,. l6th16th InfantryInfantry.,. was to advance under a rollingrolling-
barrageroll-
ingrolling-
barraroll-
ingrolling-
barrageroll-
ingbarragebarrabarr e at the rate ofot 100 meters in 6 minutes.minutesminutel.minutelminutelyminutes.-
All
minutel.-
All
minut-es
minu-te
.,
All unitsunitlunit , on reaching the second objective were toto-
organize
to-
bogganto-
organize
to-
bogganto-
organize
to-
bogganorganize in depth.depthdepth-
.Supportde-
pthsdepth-
.Supportde-
pthsdepth-
.Supportde-
pths.
Support and reserve machine gun companies were formform-form-
ed
form-
e
forme-
d
form-
ed
¬-
ede dinintot 0 battalionsbat t ali on s for overhead0 ve rh e a d fire.firefire.-
The
frot-
hed
fir.firfire. .,
The Division had in reserve , the 362nd InfantryIntantry ,
( worn out and depleteddeplet.ed. ) , the 2nd BattalionBattalion. ,. 1stlet Ei/gineersEigineersEdgin.ersEdginersEngineersgingersEdginess/ . ,
a battalionbattalion.,. rather the remnant of a battalionbattalion.,. of thethe-
26th
the-
26th
the-
26th26th Infantry and one company of the 1st MachineMaohine GunGu-
nBattalion
Un-
attainedGu-
nBattalion
Un-
attainedGu-
nBattalion
Un-
attainedBattalion ( afteratterLatter it finishedtini.hedtinihed. itsit.it. overhead firetire missionmils ion ).
The gasgal troopstroop.troop. were.ereere. ordered to firttirefirefirst thermitethermit.thermittermitehermit. con-concon-
oentrationsco-
ncentrations
con-
oentration.
con-
centration
con-
oentrationsco-
ncentrations
- '
oentrationsoentration.oentrationpenetrationspenetration. on small.mallmall. patchespatche.patchepatched. ofot woodswoodlwool and trenches nearnear-
Hilleart-
hilynear-
H111
near-
Hilleart-
hilyHillH111 16176? for 151S minutesminute.minute. preceedingproceedingpreceding H hour.hourhour.-
The
hur-ter
., ft*ft-
The
ti-
theThe CavalryCavalry.Cavalry.walCavalryC avalLaval ry'ryry'wasrywasYWCAs.' waswalwail ordered too sendlend mounted patrolspatrol.patrol. toto.to'to-
ftof-
u
to-
the
t-ote
to'-
the
to-
the
to-
te.'
fJ,#the infantryinfaniry brigadesbrigade.brigade. fortortore messengermellengermalinger duty.dutyuty.utyduty.-
The
du-ty
uty.-
Th.
.
TheTh.Th. signal.1lDal1lDal. battalion waswalwail directed to placeplaoe visual.i.ualiualdialvisual-
signalingvisua-
lizationvisual-
signalingvisua-
lization
. .i.ual-
liiDa1ing
iuall-
iiDa1ing
.signalingliiDa1ing stationsetatioDeeastside ono Hill 240 and 269 connected to thethe'the-
Division
tel-
evisionthe'-
Di.1e1oD
the-
Di1e1oD
the'-
Division
the-
Division
tel-
evision
'
DivisionDi.1e1oDDi1e1oD. ommand.oamandoamandCommandAmanda. postpo.tpot. by a series. , r1e.r1e. of relay stations.tati.ne.tatineteatime. .tati.ne.T-
he.
. ,.
TheseThe.The.. stationsetation.etationelation. werewore.' 1"1" to beb , usedu.eduedcued. tosendto.endtoendtossedtend. short messagesm..lage.mlagemage. . . toto-
thet-
ote
to-
thet-
ote
to-
thet-
otethe rearrear.rear,.---twentytwenty-t..niyt..niy-. -. - .. five-five-"five-
The
fi-
ve
f1.f1. , -. .
( $7)let7letm7$" )1st1st) lltlilt Div.DivDiy.DiyDiv-.Hist
Div-vies
Diy.-
HiD.I.-
Y.. H hourhQur waswa.wa. fixed aaa8as 8.30830. A.M.AM. . October 99.9,. 1918.1918., (88(87)87(87(87)-
Luckily
87L-
uckily( ? )
HistHeistHi It.Itst ,. p.pp .,439-42.43942.43942.439442.439-44244243942.-
aj
43942-
aj
439-439- 442.442442-
.(88)Major
44-
288Major
* ., Luckily fortortore the 1stlet DivisionDivi8ion there waswa.wa. a heavy densedenledeledense-
fog
den-se
denle-
fogde-
ledense-
fog
den-sefog on the morning of October 9th.9th., The attackattaok of the 1stlitlet1st-
Brigade
lit-Brigade
Li-
berialet-
Brigade
ret-
rogradeBrigade startedItarted on time but the battalionbattbatty lion commanderoommander of thethe-
1st
the-
1st
the-
lethel-
met1stlet BattalionBattalion.,. l6th16th InfantryInfantry.,. stated to the author that itit-
isit-
siti-
.zit-
i
it-
isit-
sisi.i. doubtful whether hishi , battalion couldoouldGould have moved ifit itit-
had
pit-
head
it-
had
pit-
head(88)Major88Major(88)Major-Ry
88Major-Ry
(8888( ) Majoraj oror-Ryder
po-
rtrayerhad not been forto I'I' theth e fog.fogtog.tog., (88)88( ) AeAsA it1 t waswalwail , the battalionbattalion-
withbattali-
onbatbattalion-
Ryderbattal-ion taltail ionion-
with
Zio-
nistRyderRy del'del' ,CaptainCaptain-Helsely.Capta-inciesCaptain-Hellely.Cap-tain with a dashdalhdahl and spiritIpirit that could not be denied , climbedclimbed-
the
climbed-
Hel
climb-ed
Helsely.HelselyHellely.HellelyHenleyShelleyHelHeel sslysly .,the steepIteep and rugged slopesIlopeeLope of the hillhill.hill,. capturedoaptured the crestore at ,
and reachedreaohed itsitlil objectiveobjeotive on timetime.time.-
Theti-
metime.-
Theti-
me*.
The attack ofo f the 2nd Battalion ofoto f the 18th InfantryInfantry-
brokeInfan-
tryInfantry-
broklInfan-
tryInfantry-
brokeInfan-
trybrokebroklbrook down under heavy machine gunIunUn firetire fromtromtromp Hill 176 andand-
concentrationsad-
ministrationsand-
concentration.
and-
concentrationsad-
ministrationsconcentrationsconcentration.concentration. ofo f enemy artillery fire in the narrow valleyvalley-
betweenval-leyvalley-
betweenval-leyvalley-
betweenval-leybetween Hill 240 and 16.16176.176? ., One companympanymany enveloped Hill 176116176-
from
116-
from
176-
fromfrom the westwelt , forcingtorcingtorching the enemy to withdraw.ithdrawithdraw. and the batbat-bat-
talionbat-
talionbat-
talion
¬-
taliontalon reached the firsttirlttilt objective on time.timetime.-
The
ti-me
time.-
The
ti-me
.,
The l6th16th Infantry on the extrsmtextremtextrasextremity left reached the firsttirlttiltfirst-objective
fire-stone
tirlto-
bjective(8ltt8ltt(8989( 89? )1st1st) lltlilt Dir.DirDiy.DiyDiv.DivDir.-Hilt.
Diy-.Hilt.
. objective on time , thothou it had severeeeverelevier losses.losses101Ie.101Ie. ., (89)89(89)-
While
89-While
(89)-
While
89-While
(89)-Hist.
89-Hist
( )
Hilt.HiltHist.HistHeist. p.pp .,208209.208209208.209.208.209208209-
.(90)Farrel
20820-
990Farrel
*. ., While the 1stlatlot Battalion , 1stlatlet EngineersIngin.erlInginerlDingier. waswaaWada organisingorganilingorganizingorganising-
for
organiling-
tororganizi-
ngfortortore the attack at 7.307301.30130. A.M.AMAM., ., the enemy launchedlaynchedlynched1a nch.dnchdinched. a heavyheavy-
counterhead-
countheavy-
counterhead-
countheavy-
counterhead-
countcounter attack on Hill 269.269., It was.aaaa. boatedbeatedbelated off after a desdea.deades-deaddes-
ptratedes-
peratedea-
.perate
des-
peratedes-
perate
.-ptrateperateprateoperate struggle.truglletruglle. and the gallant engineersengin.eraengineraengineer. were.ereere. ready to adad-
vance
ad-adadoad-
vano
ad-
vance
ado-
(90)Tarrelad-
o90Tarrel
¬-
(90)Farrel90Farrel(90)Tarrel90Tarrel( 90 ) Fa I'I' I'I' e1 , vancevanovane at H hour.hour., (90)90(90)-
Tht
90-Tht
(90)-
Thl
90-Thl
(90)-p.
90-p
( )
P.P. 55.5555-
.(9lCaptain
5-
59lCaptain
55 .,ThtThlTheThatHl 2nd BrigadeBr1gadl , under what one officer hashaaHara calledca11e4 aa-
rain
a-
rian
a-
rain
a-
rian
a-
rain
a-
rianrain ofo f artillery shellsIhellaHell and machine gun bulletsbu11eta , reachedrlachedlatchedreached-
the
rlached-
thlreach-
edlatch-
edreached-
(91)Captainreache-
d91Captain(9lCaptain9lCaptain(91)Captain91Captain(9lCaptain-Butltr.
9lCaptain-Butltr
( ' 1 )CaptainCaptain-BuillreCap-tain thethlhl firsttir.ttirttit. objectiveobjlctive , taking Hill 263 on time.timet1111.t1111. (91)91(91)-
The
91T-
he(91)-
Thl
91-Thl
(91)-Butler.
91-Butler
( )
Butltr.ButltrBuillreButler.ButlerButterBilled.TheThlHl attackattaok.attaok,. by successiveIuoola.iveIuoolaiveIolite. operationsoperation.operation. fromfrollroll right toto-
leftto-
iletto-
leftto-
iletto-
leftto-
iletleft , thenthin proceededproceedld accordingaccord1na to scheduleIchedullInched , the enemyenellYeely dede-
fense
de-dede-
tlD.e
de-
lude
de-
fense
¬-
fensetlD.etlDefenstilde. wilting.il't1nl.ilt1nlilt1nl. ' after Hill 272212 wasw.w. . taken.taken., AnAD enemyenlllY forcetorcetoreforce-
gettingfore-
stingtorce-
gettinlforce-
gettingfore-
stinggettinggettinl readyreaarea to countercountlrcountry attack Hill 263 was.atat. caught by thethe-
barrage
he-
arable
the-
barrall
the-
atrically
the-
barrage
he-
arablebarragebarrallbarrel and. . .
dispersedeli.plr.leieliplrleiLillie. . by.the, . . ._. . . assaulta..aultaaultSault.
...
. . .. . . . ' _ 'J'J' ', ' . . .battalionbatt.battbattybattalien..o.f.t.hQbattalienofthQbattalionbattalien..o.f.t.hQ26thbattalienofthQ26th. . . . . . . . . . . i'IJ."ttb.iIJttb' . . of" . ,. _ th,. .*. 26th.26't-h.26th.26't26th-26th.- 26th-
Infantry
26th-
Infantry
,' -
. . " . . . . __ . , - ," d.d . . . '
InfantryInfantrJ.InfantrJInfant,.-twentytwenty--twenty---twenty- .- - six---sixsix.--six.six-
llt
si-
lt
.1a.1a.1a. -. -.-.....
, . . ... . . . . , . . . . ,
At the end ofato f the day'sdaysday'day' , fightingtightinglighting the line was aa-
curve
c-
urvea-
curve
c-
urvea-
curve
c-
urvecurve shaped one , fromtram one halfhal t a kilometerkilomlterkiloliter north ofotof-
Flevillee-
ffluvialot-
Flevi11e
of-
Flevillee-
ffluvialFlevilleFlevi11eFlexile to the northern slope of the Cote de MaidMaldahMaltaah ,
then to northern edge ofot Le Petit BoisBoi.BoiBoil. and thru the BoisBoilBois-
de
Boil-
de
Boi-se
Boil-
edde RomagneRomaineRomance to the easterneatern* boundary of the zone ofat actionactio,,
(92)lst92lst(92)1It921It(9292( )1st1st) Div.DivDiv-.Hist.
Div-.Hit.
Div-.Hist
Div-vies
. (92)92( )
Hist.HistHit.HitHeistHistHeist, ., p.p.208-210.208210.208210.208.210.208210208-210210208210-
.(93)Captain
20821-
093Captain
208.210.-
(93)C
208210-
93C
-. ., The secondlecond missionmillion of the Division wasW&8W8& now accomaccom-Tacomaacco-mplished
acco-mplishe4
acco-mplished
¬-
plishedplishe4polished , but the personnelper80nne1 of the Division was exhausted.exhaustedexhausted.-
The
exhaust-ed
.,
The front line infantry unitsunit.unit. were so.00. tired that the menme-
nslept
en-
sileme-
nslept
en-
sileme-
nslept
en-
sileslept soundly in spiteapite ofot a hoavyhGavyheavygravy bombardment.bombardment., The enemyenemy-
was
ene-my
enemy-
was
ene-my
enemy-
was
ene-mywas so badly disorganized that a German rolling kitchenkitchen-
withkitch-
enkitchen-
.ithkitch-
enkitchen-
withkitch-
enwith.ithithitch. a meal of bean soup prepared drove intotheinstate frontfront-
linefront-
line(93)Captain93Captain(93)Captain-Butler
93Captain-Butler
(93)C93C(9393( )aptainCaptainCaptain-ButlerCap-tain
aptain-Butlerattri-buter
line1 in e of0 f the 28th28 t h Infantry.InfantryIn ran t ry.ry., (93)93(93)O-
CTOBER
93O-
CTOBER
(93)O-
CTOBER
93O-
CTOBER
(93)O-
CTOBER
93O-
CTOBER
( )
Butler ,CaptainCaptain-Helsely.Capta-inciesCaptain-He1lely.Captain-He1lelyCaptain-HalCapta-in
OCTOBER 10-11TH1011TH10-111011- TH :Helsely.HelselyHe1lely.He1lelyHenleyHelsely-
.(94)lst
Helsel-
y94lst
Hal eel yoy-
o(94)lst
y-
o94lst
.AlthoA1thoAlto the Division should have been relieved , thethe-
Corps
he-
ctorsthe-
Corpl
he-
ctorthe-
Corps
he-
ctorsCorpsCorplCorp ordered an attack on October 10th.10th. The DivisionDivision-
did
Divisi-ondid advance from one to two kilometerskilometerlkilometer by sending patrolspatrollpatrolpatrols-out
patroll-out
patro-ls
patr-olout and asa.a. they found thethlhl territory unoccupiedunoocupild the infanintan-intaninfan-infantinstantinfan-
tryintan-
tryinfan-
tryinfan-
try¬-
try battalionsbattalionlbattalion followed them.them. In this waywaJwa the line waswalwailwas-
advanced
wal-
advano.d
was-
advancedadvancedadvano.dadvanod. until it reached fromtromtromp JustJUltJUt north ofo f SommeranoeSommeranolSomeoneSomersaultSommeranoe-
to
Sommeranol-
to
Pomegrana-
teSomersau-
ltSomme nanonan ee-
to
v-
eto(94)lst94lst,4)1.t41.t41t( , ) . Div.DivDiv-.Hiet.
Div-.Hi.i.
Div ., to the northern edge of the BoisBoil dedl Remagne.RemagneRlmalnl.RlmalnlRemandedRoman., (94)94(94)-
On
94-On
( )
Hiet.HietHi.i.HiiHitIiHi st.st. . p.p.210.211.210211.210211210-211.210211.210.21-
1.(95)lt
2102-
1195lt
210211-
.(95)1.i
21021-
1951i
210.- 211.211. On OctoberOctob.rOctobr. llth11thlilt , the CorpsCorplCorp ordered the attack contincontin-contin.containcontinu-
ed.
contin-
ued
continu-
ed.
contin-
ued
contin.-
ued.
contin-
ued
¬-.ued.uedcued. The DivisionDivi.ionDiviion. CommanderCommandlrCommand ordered the same method ofof-
attack
fa-
tbackof-
attack
fa-
tbackof-
attack
fa-
tbackattack asa.a. had succeeded.ucceedlducceedldsucceed. on thethlhl previouspreviou8 day.day. Thisfhi.fhihi. time ,
the patrolsp at I'I' 0 1 s encountereden 0 ou n t . re d heavyhe a v Y machineII a chi n e gungu n firefi re fromfrom-
Kriemhilde
tfrom-
Kriemhilde
romrom-
Kr1emhll4KriemhildeKr1emhll4Reinhold, StellungStelluns.StellunsTellingStallions,. a well organized enemy line in frontfront-
of
front-
on
fron-t(95)lst
fron-
t95lst(95)lt95lt(95)1.i951.i951i(95)lst95lst( ) §. Div.DivDiv-.Hiit.
Div-.Hi.t.
Div ., of lndres-etndresetLandres-etLandresAndreasLanders1andrel-et-St.George.1andreletStGeorge.1andreletSt.George.Steerage- - St.GeorgesStGeorgesSteerages., . and no progressprogr.s.progrs. . could be made.(95)made.95made95made.(9Smade.9Smade9Smade(95)made.(95-
)Officers
made95-Officers
made(95)-Hilt.
made95-Hilt
., ( )
Hiit.HiitHi.t.HitHilt.Hilt. . p.pp .,211.211211 ., OfficersOffioerlOfficer OBe.eem. duty4.ty4ty. with frtnttreatfront linelinlLionel unitsunitlunit stateliatelate thatihathat frontfron-
tlint
front-
linefron-
tlinl
front-
linefront-
linelintlinllineLionel battalionsbattalion.battalion. reportedeportlddeport on OctoberOotober 10th10ib , thatihathat the enemyenl.YenlYelYenemy-
was
ene-my
enl.Y.-
a.
enemy-
was
ene-my
.was.a.a. . preparingpr.paria.prpariaPraia. . thistlltltelltale positionpOlltioDpollution andaDd that GermansGerman.German. were'11"11" seen" 'DD' digdil-dildig.dialdil-
liDI
dol-
lied
dig.-
Bing
dig-
ging
*-.
211.'M' gingliDIBingagingliDBeing in and emplacingImplaolDIreplacingImploding machine gune.gunelunl.lunlgunsgunnedlull., HoweverHo.eyerHoeyerHooey. , the author iei.iisie-
twenty
et-
ernity
is.-
etwonty
.
-.etwonty.etwontyEton.-. .t.t.twenty.. tJ seven---seven"Ten--"TenTenseven.seven-
r
sever-
n
" -. -. -_
. '". . . . . . . . ., , _r: tin* rZ:;:,;Z; . :-" _-' _ ' '-'M''M'M- _' '_ J:
positivepOlitivepolities that noDO suehulhsuchsueuh, information reached thetbetube DirieionDivil10nDivisionDerisionDirieionC-
ommander
Divil10n-
C
Division-
(96)CaptaineDivisio-
n96Captaine(96)Captaine96Captaine(96)Captaine-Boyd
96CaptaineB-oyd
( 9 6)060) apt ai n ee-
BoydB-
oydCommanderC ommcomm and e r.r*., (96)96(96)-
On
96-On
(99(96)-Boyd
96B-oyd
( 6 )Boyd andand-Butler
ad-ultery
and-Butler
ad-ultery
and-Butler
ad-ulteryButler ; On the night of OctoberOctobOctober J'J' ll-12thll12th11-12th11- the DivieionDivision , less1.eless-
the
Est-her
1.et-
he1et-
heless-
Personaldess-
ertspoon, .
PersonalPereons.lPereonslPersonsPersonal-experience.Pers-onablePereons.l-exPerso-nsPersonal-experiencePers-onable
.
experience.experienceex erience.erienceTerence., the let Field ArtilleryArtillAril ry Brigade and Ammunition traintrtl.intrtlinthrottlingtrain-
was
brainw-
ash
trtl.in-
was
ratli-nes
train-
was
brainw-
ash
.
was relieved bybythebytethe-the- 42nd DivieionundDivisionDivieionDivision , cindCindynd the Division , afteratterLatterafter-a
atter-a
afte-r
Latte-
r(97)13-(97)139713(97)18-(97)189718(97)13Div9713Div(97)18Div9718Div( 9 7 ) 1 a"a-"-,., DivD 1 v ,. a long and arduous marchwasarchwaysms.rchmsrchmarch. , was placed in army reserve.(97)reserve.97reserve97reeerve(97)reeerve97reserve.(97)G-
AINS
reserve97G-AINS
reeerve(97)-
Hist.reeerve97-
Histreserve.reserve., ( 97)9797)-
GAINS
97G-
AINS
)
HistHiet.HietHist.HeistHit,. p.p.212.212212-
.(98)1It
21-
2981It
212 ., GAINS andaadad LOSSESLOSSI8 :
The DivieionDiv1.ioDDiv1ioDDivision. had driven a wedge.edieedie. eevenlevensevenelevenleaven kilometerkilo.eter.kiloeterkilometerskilo.eter.-
delp
kilome-ter
kilometers-
deep
kilomet-ers
. !.deepdelpdel in a vital partpariParis ofoto f the enemy'senemysInl.Y'1Inl.Y1InlY1enemy. ' linel1nei; it had dede-
feated
de-dede.de-
feaied
de-
feated
de-
.feated
de-
feated
¬-.featedfeaiedfeastedfailed partspart.part. ofot eight.1ght1ght. GermanGlrmanGilman divisions41,1.10n.41110n.41110n,, . . (1st1st( lIt and 5thSthSeth5th-
Guard
Sth-
Gu
Shog-
un
5th-
GuardGuardGu a rd , 28th28 t h , 37th37 th.h,. 41st41 8t , 45th45 t h , 52nd, 2 n d andan d 115th11 S th divisionsd 1 v 1 . ion 8 )
TheTh e prisonersr180nerlp takentaktack en were-werewere-
28
wewere-
28
re-rere-
28
: -
28 officersotficers , including one Lieutenant Colonel ,
455 non-commissionednoncommissionednon.cononcononcom-. m11110ned officersotticerldottier ,
__ 9244 enlisted men.menmen .,14071401 total.totaliotal.iotaliotatotal.-
Large
tort-illa
iotal.-
Large
.,
Large amountsamount.amount. of storesItoresTorres , munitions , smallemallmall armsarml.armlarm,. tenten-
trench
ent-
renchten-
trench
ent-
renchten-
The
ten-
Th
trench mortarsmortar.mortar. and thirteen piecespiec.piecpiece. . of fieldti.ldtildtilde. artilleryartillery-were
artillery-.ere
artille-rywere.ereere. captured.capturedcaptured.-
The
captur-ed
.The casualtycalualty listlilt ofoto f the DivisionDiv1sion waswa.wa. exceedinglyexceedingly-
largeexceedi-
nglyexceedingly-
largeexceedi-
nglyexceedingly-
largeexceedi-
nglylarge and isil listedlilted in the historyhi.toryhitory. of the DivisionDivi.1onDivi1on. ae.11asae-
follows
ae-
rologist
as-
follows
. .-
1foll
1-
follfollowsfollfolly 0.0. . :
KilletfI.ill.IillSkilletIll][.filefile..,* or died of woundswound.wound. : 68 officersofficerlofficer , 1526 menm.nmn. ,
Wounded ; ,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ., . 128 officersofticer.ofticerofficer. , 5706 menmlnmn ,
HieHideIiMissing. sing.11. n I : 1.1, . . . ., . . ., . . . . . . . ., ., , 59;9 men ,
PrisonersP ri .00. n I r.r. : , ., ., 0964660. . . . . . . 66. . see. . . , 333-
3(98)lst
3-
398lstmen
(98)lst98lst(98)1It981It(9898( )1st1st) Div.DivDiy.DiyDiv-.Hiet.
Diy-.Ri.t.
Div ., Total : 19619 officersofficerlofficer , 73241324 men.(98)men.98men98men.(98)-
twenty
men98t-
wenty
men ., (9898( )Hiet.HietRi.t.RitRiot.RiotHitRita. . p.p.213.213.
. . . .. . . . . . . .- - --twentytwenty- - .entyentyentry eight--eight.1aht.1aht.1ahteight.eight-
9
. -. -.
.- . - .-- ..... . , .. . " . .
ANALYSIS and CRITICISMS :
The schemeIchemeChemed of maneuvermaneuv.rmaneuvr. ueeduledusedcuedruled in thiethilthisthiefthinly operation wae.alalwaswade. aa-
eimple
D-
aimler
a-
limpl.
l-
impa-
simple
s-
impleeimplelimpl.limplsimplewimplelimply. one.oneonl.onlonly. It waewalwaswadewail an application ofo f the pugilist'epugilistepugililt'lpugililtlpugilist'spugilistspugilistpugilist'e"-
onetwo"pugiliste-
onetwopug-
ilistpugililt'l"-
onetwo"pugililtl-
onetwopugilist's"-
onetwo"pugilists-
onetwopugi-
lists'
" "one-two"-"oneonetwo"two"onetwo"ifonetwoif"onetwo"itonetwoitontoconnectionist- " , - ifit you lead with your right hand , then followfollow-
itfollo-
wit with a blow with your left.leftlett.lettlet. ThieThilThisThiefThinly "one-two""oneonetwo"two.one-two..onetwo.". - ". waewalwaswadewail useduaedquakedused-
in
seedi-
ng
uaed-
in
amend-
ing
used-
in
seedi-
ngin aa0doubledouble eenee.eenee.enl'enlsense.senseKeene. ' . In eacheaohLeah of the phases ofor thiethisthief operaopera-opera-
tion
opera-
tion
*-
tionion , the attack was pivoted.on one flank while the otherother-
made
ther-mal
other-
made
ther-malmade the drive.drive. ThisThleThule schemeecheache e was ueeduSldusedcuedunsold in part becausebecaus.becaus. ofotof-
the
of-
ten
ot-
the
ot-
her
of-
the
of-
tenthe lack of artillery.artillery., In the second sensesenl'senlenl' , the "one-two""oneonetwo"two.one-two".one"onetwo"-
wae
onetwow-
ae.onetwo"-
was
onetwo-was
"onetwo"-
was
Conesto-ga
connect-ors
". - "
waewaswade used by firettirltfirstfrettilt leading with the artillery and then folfol-foolfol-
lowing
fol-
lowing
fol-
lowing
¬-
lowing it up with blow by the infantryinfantry.infantry-
.'actorlinfantr-
yactorlinfa-
ntry*.,
Factors'actorlactorlactor' , which contributedcontribut.dcontributd. to the eueceeelucce.sluccessuccess. ofo f thethe-
operationthe-
orizationthe-
op.rationte-
mptationthe-
operationthe-
orizationoperationop.rationopration. , were the deep dispositiondilposition in depthdepth.;. the promptprompt-
and
promp-
tedand correct ueeuleuseQueenYule ofot reservesree.rvesreerves. ; thethe.al'thealhealuee\.al'.al'aluseQueen\. ' of all meansmean.mean. atat-
hand
N-
athan
at-
hand
N-
athan
at-
hand
N-
athanhand ; the cloeecloleclosecleomeChloe mutual supportI up port of0o f the infantryin tantrypantry and supportsupport-support-
ing
support-
ing
support-
ing
¬-
ingKing weaponsw.aponlwaponlweapon. , especially, . P .00. i all y thet h.h. artillerya rt illeill ry ; and the fact thatthat-
inhati-
ng
that-
inhati-
ng
that-
inhati-
ngin each.aohaoheaohohLeah. unit of the letlItlot DivisionDivi.ionDiviion. thereth.rethrethree. waewalwaswadewail a nucleuenucleu.nucleunucleusnucleuses. ofof-
well
H-
owell
of-
well
H-
owell
of-
well
H-
owellwell trainedralnedrainedt non-commissionednoncommissionednon-commi..lonedcommi..loned- . . officersotficerlofficer and enlistedenlieli It ed men ofof-
the
of-
ten
of-
the
of-
ten
of-
the
of-
tenthe old regularr.gularrgular. army who had refusedretuledretied commissionscommi.eionlcommieionlcommission. when thethe-
war
th-wart
the-
war
th-wart
the-
war
th-wartwar broke out.outout.-
The
ot-
terout.-
The
ot-
terout .,
The infantry waswa.wa. disposeddiepoleddipole in column of battalionsbattalionlbattalion ,
thusthulThule permitting freshfr..bfrbfar. . battalionsbattalion.battalion. to leapllaplap frog the depleteddepleted-
and
deplet-edand exhaustedexhaulted fronttronttrot line battalions.battalionsbattalionl.battalionlbattalion., The latter were thusthulThulethus-
givenHu-
ghiethul-
givenHu-
ghiethus-
givenHu-
ghiegiven an opportunity to reorganise.reorganiserlorganlll.rlorganlllreorganize., AnotherAnoth.rAnothr. advantage waswa.wawa-
.that
s-wath
wa-
sthat
ast-
hma
.(99)99(9999( ) that none ofot the unitsunitlunit ever.ververveer. became loetlo.tlotlostlet. or disorganised.(99)disorganised.99disorganised99dilorganis.4.(99)dilorganis4.99dilorganis499disorganized(99)disorganized99disorganised.(99)-
Generaldisorganised99G-
eneraldilorganis.4.(99-
)Whendilorganis499-
Whendisorganized(99-
)Whendisorganized99-
When. ., ( )
GeneralGeneral-Summerall.Gen-eralsOen.OenOren. ralUralral-Summ.rall.Summerall.SummerallSumm.rall.SummrallSummerSumma. . When the situation.ltuationltuationlunation. demandedd.mandeddmanded. itii , the DivisionD1Yi.ionD1Yiion. CommanderCo.manderComanderCommande-
rdid
Co.mander-
did
Comman-ded
Commande-
ered
.did notno hesitatehe.itateheitate. to throw in hishi.hi. reservesre.ervI.reervIreserving. . , yet heh.h. retainedr.tainedrtainedretained-
inr.tained-
inretaine-
d.
in hishi.hi. control sufficientlutf1cient troopstroop.troop. to make the supremeeupreme effort.ftoriftorifetoreffort-on
effo-rt
. .ftori-
on
fet-oron October 9th'''h.h'h-
.Iv.rh-
Ivrh-
Iv' ,.
EveryIv.r/Iv.rZveryIVVeryIv.rmeaneLiveryman. / meansmeanemeaner at the disposaldilpolaldipolar ofot the DivisioniYi.1011iYi1011. CommanderCommander-
were
Commande-
rw.r.
Comman-
derwerew.r.wr. . useduledruled to theirthe1r fullesttull..ttullttilt. . extent.extent., Forlorlord example , infantryintantryinfantry-weapons
infa-ntry
infantry.-
weaponsinfa-
ntryweapons.eapon.eapon.weaponsweapon.. . ( aaehinemachineadenine gunsIun.IunUn. , 33137? am.am1111.1111mm ., gunsgun.gun. , mortarsmortarlmortal ) , tankstank.tank. , artil.artil.ril.l.rillartilyartil.t-
wentyartil.t-
wenty
. : . .---twentytwenty.twenty- - -. nine---nineniae---niaeNiameynine-
(99
nine-
99
niaeA-
NALYSIS
- - -
"
., .1.1.1. ... .. ... .. . __ _____ ._. ... .,__ ...____ ....- . ....-.... ...-_..__ .__... .__. "' , ... ..-_.. .. . . , . . - . . . .. - ...- .. ..__. . .... ... . .; .. . . . . ';r . . . , . . ....ftft. ' .AA. _ " ,
lorylerylorryleery , aira.ir. service , gas troopstroop.troop. and cavalryoavalry were all emem-
ployed
em-emem-
ployed
em-
ployed
¬-
ployedplayed to the full limit of their capacitiescapacitiea and limitalimita-limita.limitlimitat-
ions.limita-
tionslimitat-
iona.limita-
tionlimita.-
tions.
limita-
tions
¬-.
tions.tionstiona.tionaionstina.
The close mutual support ofo f the infantry and thethe-
artilleryh-
eartilythe-
artilleryh-
eartilythe-
artilleryh-
eartilyartillery was one of the outstanding factsfactrafactorsfactor) re of thethe-
success
th-ence
the-
suooess
thr-
eesomes
the-
success
th-encesuccesssuooesssnoozes of each day'sdaysday'day' . fighting.fighting. The infantryfantrygantryi had conficonti-conticonfi-comfitcontainconfi-
dence
conti-
dence
confi-
dence
confi-
dence
¬-
dencedance in1n the artillery and the officersofficer8 and men of thethe-
1st
the-
1st
the-
lethel-
met1stlet Fieldrieldriled Artillery Brigade believed implicitly in theirtheiri-
nfantry.ther-
einaftertheir-
ithei-
r
theiri-
nfantry.ther-
einafterinfantry.infantryinfantry-
.It
infantr-y
i n fan try.trytry-
.It
tr-y
.
It isi s the humbleh1mbl! a opinion ofo f the author , that thethe-
nucleus
th-ence
the-
nucleul
th-ence
the-
nucleus
th-encenucleusnucleul of old01 d soldiers in each organizationor6anization ofo r all thethe-
regular
hex-
angular
the-
regul
th-ere
the-
regular
hex-
angularregularregulregular ar army divisionsdi.iionediiione. ! in the A.EF.AEFABE., , ., was in a largelarg'larglarge-
measure
larg-eness
larg'-
mealure
larg-mealure
arm-ature
large-
measure
larg-eness
'measuremealure responsiblere.ponsiblereponsible. for their success.successIUOCI.I.IUOCII. . No place wasthiswalthilwarshipswealthilywasthis-
more
walthil-more
warsh-ips
Baltim-
oremore true than in the 1stlet DivisionDi.is1on.Diis1on.Diis1onDivision.. ,. When officersofficeraofficer andand-
leaders
ban-
dleaders
an-
dleaderl
ban-
dleader
and-
leaders
ban-
dleadersleadersleaderlleader fellrellell , there was_a8 alwaysalwaY8 someeomeyeomen old , well disciplineddisciplin.ddisciplinddisciplined-
"file"discipline-
dfilediscipli-
neddisciplin.d-
filedisciplin-
eddisciplined-
"file"discipline-
dfilediscipli-
ned.
"file"file-file-"- filetofilet"- to take their places.placesplac.placplace. . ., The company of the 26th28th26th-
Infantry
28th-
Infantry
28th-
InfantryInfantry which took Hill 263 was commanded by aaergeantSergeantergeant-ergeantSergeant*-ergeant-
of
Sergea-
nt(100)100( ) CaptainCaptain-ButlerCap-tain of the old schoolechool.echool,. (100)100( ) AeAs a resultrelult , the organizationsorganizationlorganizationorganizations-Butler.
organization-lnev.r
organizations-Butler
organizat-ions organizati-onalButler.Butler.,nevernev.rnevr. becamebeoame demorilixeddemor11il.ddemor11ilddemorilizeddemoralized. or disorganizeddieorganiled , or lackedlack.dlackd. leaders.leadersleader.leaderleaders.-
Inleade-
rs
. .,
In the final analysisanalysil thothethou it was the supreme couragecourage-
of
coura-geof the Infantry and splendid.plendidplendid. leadershipleader8hip which won the vic.10.10.10viewvic-
tory.
vic-
tory
view-
tory.
vict-
ory. .1-
0.tory
10-
tory
¬.tory.tory.,
It is1e difficult at best to criticize a successfulluoces8fulsuccessful-
operationsucce-
ssfulluoces8ful-
operation
successful-
operationsucce-
ssfuloperation , and in this casecalecable made more difficultdiffiaultdi f finultinsult by thethe-
author's
the-
authorshe-
athersthe-
author'
the-
authorhe-
atherthe-
author's
the-
authorshe-
athersauthor'sauthorsauthor'author' . positionpoeition asae a member ofot the staffetatttatty ofo f the DiviDiy1-Diy1Divi-DivDivi-
sion
Diy1-
sion
Divi-
sion
¬-
sionscion CommanderCommand.r.CommandrCommand. ,. It isi.i. easyea8Y to say.ayay. that if - - - - - .had been done40ne , thatthateuchhate"suchsuch-eucheuchouch"- and such"sucheuch-euchoucheuchwouldechoed"- would have happened.happenedhappened.-
The
happen-ed
.
The facttact remainsremain.remain. that the methodemethodlmethodsmethod useduledruled did succeedIucce.dIuccedIced. andand-
for
land-
form
and-
for
land-
form
and-
for
land-
formfor all otheroth.rothr. methodem.thod.mthodmethodsmethod. . there remainsremaineremained that mostmo.tmot. doubtfuldoubtful-
word
doubt-ful
doubtful-
word
doubt-ful
doubtful-
word
doubt-fulword in the EnglishIniliehAniline languagelaDiuaClaudia,. !,= IFIr ,
TheTh.Th. enlyoalyonlyelyorally criticismor1t1ci.or1t1ci.. thattbatbat can be madeaad.aadad. of the action ofotof-
the
of-
ten
ot-
the
ot-
her
of-
the
of-
tenthe DivisionDiY1.ionDiY1ion. isie the formfol'llfolll' ofot fieldt1.ldt1ld. ordersordereordered used.usedue.d.uedcuedused. ., HoweverHoweve-
rthirty
How-
ever
HO.HOHoweve-
rthirty.
How-
ever
... . ' ,.
-thirty---thirty.th1rty.th1rty.th1rty---thirty.thirty.-. .- -. thirty.1-
.
thirty-
1
-. -..-.. *.
.,
-- . . . _ .v.v. . . . .- -- .-....-.. ..___.. .___-.. ..... ,__.... ... .. ___ '_44-
e
---- ,.,... ..... ..... ...- .... ..-.-. .. - .--.. .. ..--... ...- ._. -_.-
the Division had served with the French for over a yearyear-
and
year-
end
year-
and
year-
end
year-
and
year-
endand these formeformsformed were FrenchFrench.,. In addition , the DivisionDivision-
was
Divisi-onwas used to them.themthem.-
The
ten-
ththem.-
The
ten-
ththem.-
The
ten-
th.
The high commandommanoman d cannotca.nnot. be condemned too severelyleverelycleverlyseverely-
for
leverely-
for
severe-ly
clever-lyfor ordering out the patrols on October 3rd.3rd3rd.-
The
3rd-
The
3rd.-
The
3rd-
The
.,
The Division was orderedo rderide red to send out accompanyingaccompanying-
guns
accompany-
inga c com pan y i n gg-
gu
g-
ugunsgu n I , but the people who were to use them knew little oror-
nothing
co-
nnoting
or-
nothing
co-
nnoting
or-
nothing
co-
nnotingnothing of their technical or tactical use.use. As thesethese-
guns
the-se
theseg-
un.the-
sethese-
guns
the-segunsgun.gun. practically gave the 28th Infantry the strongpointetrongpointstandpointtrogonstrongpoint-
of
etrongpoint-
of
standpoi-nt
trogo-nof La Neuville-le-ComteNeuvilleleComteNeuville-ie-CornieieCornieNevilleComateCornice- - fineFmeFameFroe.FroeFroze,. their use was fully justifiedjustified-in
justifie-din this case.casecase.-
The
cass-
ette
case.-
The
cass-
ette
case.-
The
cass-
ette
.
The 1stlet Division should8hould have been relieved on thethe-
nighthe-
ightthe-
nighthe-
ightthe-
nighthe-
ightnight of October 9th at the very latest , aeas the DivisionDivision-
was
Divisi-onwas so80 exhausted that it is doubtful whetherhetherheather it could havehave-
withstood
have-
withstood
have-
withstoodwithstood a strong counter attacksttack.sttackattack.stacksttack.-
The
sta-ck
attack.-
The
atta-ck
,.
The enemy defended his positions magnificently , makingmaking-
themaki-
ng(101)101e( 101 ) the very bestbe 8 t ueeuseQueenu.u. e of0 f thet h . favorablefav 0 r a b 1 e terrain.terraint e r rairaid n ., (101)101(11( 01)01) He foughtfought-General fou-ght ffought-General fou-ght 0 ugh tt-
to
t-
oGeneralGeneral-Summerall.Gen-eralsGeneralS-ummeGene-ralsGeneral-SummerallGen-eralsSummerall.SummerallSummerSummeSummer rall.rallrally., to the bitter end for every inch ofo f ground and thisthi8 battlebattle-
may
batt-le
battle-may
batt-le
battle-may
batt-lemay very well be calledcalledThecalled;: "TheThe-The"- Battle ofot Extermination"Exterminationtermination"terminationIx " .,
LESSONSLE BSONSSONS :
(1)1( lj) In the modern warfare , disposition in depth isis-
an
Nis-
san
is-
an
Nis-
san
is-
an
Nis-
sanan absolute essentiale8sential to success.successsucce.l.succelsauce. .,
(2)2( ) The proper and timely useUI.UI. of reservesre.erve.reervereserve. . isi.i. an imim-
portantim-imim.im-
portani
im-
portant
im-
.portant
im-
portant
¬-.portantportaniportentportrait factor in any battle.battle.
(3)3(33( j) The Commander who usesuteltel alla.l1al1. the meansmeanlmeanly at hiehishidehie-
disposal
hie-
di.po.alhis-
disposaldisposaldi.po.aldipoal. . will succeed.succeedluece.d.luecedluckedluece.d.e-
.
lucke-d
. .,
(4)4e.e( . ) The closecloleChloe mutual supportIupport of0o f the infantry and itsit.ititss-
upportingmi-
sreportingit.-
8upport1nl
it-
8upport1nl
itss-
upportingmi-
sreporting
.supporting8upport1nl arneara.araarmsHara. iei.iis. more than ever.ververveer. an essential'IlentialIlentialLentil' to success.ucc.ucccc. . . . ,.
(5)5( ) IvtnI.nInEvenIvan, . a fewf.f.. disciplinedd11ciplined , trained soldierssoldier.soldier. are inin-
valuable
in-
yaluabl.
in-
valuable
in.inin-
.valuable
in-
valuable
¬.
valuableyaluabl.yaluabl. to any organiiatienorian11atienorganization in combat.combat.,
---thirtythirty- - - thirtyt bi rt y one---oneone.-wone.w.-,one.v-
.
on-
e
on .-. - -..11.-
1the
1-
the
. . . . . . . ., . . . .- - - - - - - - - - -- -- -- - ----- -- - ---- ----- - - - --
i
. . :... .. . . ..:. --- .. . . . --_. _. . . . '
(6)6( ) Reports ofot enemy movementsmavernenisaverments should be carefullycarefully-
verifiedcaref-
ullycarefully-
verifiedcaref-
ullycarefully-
verifiedcaref-
ullyverified , beforebetorebettor a commander ieis justified in acting onon-
the
M-
onte
on-
the
M-
onte
on-
the
M-
ontethe reportsreport e ,.
(7)7( ) Infantry with high morale can advance againstagainst-
modern
aga-inst
against-
modern
aga-inst
against-
modern
aga-instmodern materiel.materiel.,
(8)8( ) Fog or smoke is1s a big help to offensive operations.operationsoperatione.operationeoperation.,
(9)9( ) The biggestbiggelt lessonlesIon for the American officer ,
especially the younger ones isi s the art of leadership asaeas-
shown
a-
shenae-
shown
a-
shenas-
shown
a-
shenshown by the Commanding General ofo f the let Division-DivisionDivision-
Major
Divis-ion
Division-
Major
Divis-ion
, -.Major General C.CC ., P.P. SummerSummerall.SummerallSummerall.all. It is well worth thethe-
trouble
ther-
monuclear
the-
trouble
ther-
monuclear
the-
trouble
ther-
monucleartrouble fortortore any ambitiousambitioulambitiously young officer to studytudy, hishis-
careerdis-
carder
hihis-
careerdis-
carder
,
career and the methodsm.thodlmthodlmethod. he used to obtain success.success. It isilis-
wofrth
sw-
arthyil-
wOTth
ki-
lowatt
is-
wotth
s-
wathwofrthwOTthworth while , because practically the samelame condition.ofconditionofcondition.condition. of thethe-
American
th-
eatricthe-
American
th-
eatricthe-
American
th-
eatricAmerican Army in the last war , will exist in the next war.warwar.-
We
w-ar
war.-
We
w-ar
war .,
We shall have the courageouscourageoulcourageously , intelligent American citizenscitizenlcitizenlycitizens-
as
citizenl-ae
citize-ns
citize-nasae our soldiers.soldierssoldierl.soldierlsoldierly. They willw111 have had little or no trainingtraining-
and
traini-ngand they mostmOlt assuredly will be undisciplined.undisciplined., But theythey-
willthe-
y'llthey-
willthe-
y'llthey-
willthe-
y'llwill want to learn , they will want to fight and all thatthat-
they
heat-
hery
that-
they
heat-
hery
that-
they
heat-
herythey will ask.IkIk.. is1s to be shown the wayway-way, *- to be given leaders.leadersleaderl.leaderlleaderleaders.-
Generallea-
dersleaderl.-
General
.,
General SummerallSummer waswas.wasa.. well known fieldtieldtied artilleryartillery-officer
artill-eryartillery-
otficerartill-eryartillery-
officerartill-eryofficerotficer before the war.warwar ., He waswalwail known to be a studentetudent and ana-
nofficer
n-
ovicea-
nofficer
n-
ovicea-
nofficer
n-
oviceofficer of great ability.ability. He had served with distinctiondistinction-in
distinctio-nin the war with Spain , in the PhilippinesPhilippinelPhilippine and in China durdur-dur.dourdur-
ing
dur-
ing
dur-
.ing
dur-
ing
¬-.ingKing the Boxer uprising.uprisingupri.ina.upriinaPurinauprising.-
In
upri.ina.-
In
uprisin-g
. .,
InI n the early part of0o f the WorldWorlWhorld War heh e commandedGo..andedGoandedGoaded.. thethe-
artilleryh-
eartilythe-
artilleryh-
eartilythe-
artilleryh-
eartilyartillery brigadebr1sade of01 the 42nd and 1stl.l. Divisions.DivisionsDiYilionl.DiYilionlDivisional., On thethe-
eve
th-ee
the-
IY'
the-
IYth-
eY
the-
eve
th-eeeveIY'IY' of the great, reairegain alliedallildpallid counter offensiveoffeneive ofot Julyll8JUly,1918JUly1918, ? , heh.hhe-
was
he-
ws
h-
.wal
he-
was
he-
ws
.waswalwail givensiyeDsited commandc..andcandScand... of the 1stletlot Division.DivisionDivil1oD.Divil1oD. It waswalwail a mostmOlt diffi.itti-.ittidiffi-diffITTdiffi-cult
diffi-cult
. .itti-
cultvitic-
ulture
¬-
cult tasktalk.talk,. but by absolutelyablolute11 refutingretu.1niretu1nirefusing. to let any of hishi.hi. comGom-Gomoom-oomGeomboomcom-
mand
Gom-
Mand
Com-
mand
oom-
mand
Com-
mand
¬-
mandMandy quit , by the strengthItreDgth ofot hishilPhil will , he put the DivisionDiY11ioDDivision-
thruDivis-
ionDiY11ioD-
tDivision-
thruDivis-
ionthrut h ru thathatt terriblet I r r1 bl e ordeal0 rderide a1 ,.
---thirtythirty- - - two---two'wo---'wowotwo-
(6)
tw-
o6
:'wo-
i
wo-
i
w-
i
' - - -
He had not been able to keep up with infantryinfainfra try tacticatactic.tactictacticstacticaltactica-of
tactics-of
tacti-c
tactic-s
tactic.-
of
tacti-c
.of the World War , so for the ntxtn.xtnxtnexttext. six weeks , he appliedapp1t.dapp1tdapplied-
himself
app-lied
app1t.d-
himself
app1td-
himself
applied-
himself
app-lied
.himself diligentlydiligently.,. working fifteen to twenty hours dailydailfdialdaily-
todailf-
todail-
yDalt-
onto perfect himself.himselfhim8elf.him8elf. Just before the St.St. MihielM1h1elMichel offensiveoftenlive.oftenliveafterlivesoftenlive.-
he
offensi-ve
,.
he talked tacticstactics.,. especially infantry tactics , for threethree-
hours
thres-
hersthree-
hours
thres-
hersthree-
hours
thres-
hershours to his brigade and regimental commanders.commanders., He woundwound-
up
round-
upup by saying in effecteff.cteffct. : "GentlemenGentlemen" the 1stlet Division willwill-
never
will-
power
will-
never
will-
power
will-
never
will-
powernever ask to be relieved ; it can always do a little more ;
it will never be held up ; it will always advanceadvanc.advanc. ; and thatthat-
advance
that-
advance(102)102(102)-Personal
102P-ersonal
(102)-Perlonal
102P-erlonal
( ) advance will alwaysalway.alwayGalway. be in depth1depth"depth"* . (102)102(102)-
He
102-He
(102)-Personal
102P-ersonal
( )
PersonalPerlonalPersonalk-nowledge.Pers-onalPerlonal-kPersona-lPersonal-knowledgePers-onalknowledge.knowledgek nowlowl ad ge.ge., He impressedimprealedimpelled his personality on every man in thatthat-
division
that-
divi.iondivisiondivi.iondiviion. fromfro hishiaia chiefchi.fchif. of staffstafttaft to the lowliestlowlielt mule skinakin-akinskin.skin-
ner
akin-
ner
skin-
ner
skin.-
ner
skin-
ner
¬-.nernear in the supply train.train. He did it by stamping this personperso.-perso.person-person-
alityperso-
.ality
perso-
nality
person-
ality. ¬-
alityalit upon hishilPhil higher commanderscommander.commander. and they passed it down.downdown.-
He
do-wn
down.-
He
do-wn
down.-
He
do-wn
.
He believedbeliev.dbelievd. absolutely in hishiehide country'scountryscountry' causecauaecaudate and hadha-
dimplicit
ha-
dimplicit
ha-
dimplicitimplicit faith in1n the AaericanAmerican soldier.soldier. He waswa.wa. ready andand-
anxious
and-
antinos
and-
anxioul
an-
dantino
and-
anxious
and-
antinosanxiousanxioulanxiously to accept his responsibilitiesresponeibilitiel and required hishi I suboraubosubor-subornabbotsubor-
dinatesaub-
odinatea
sub-
ordinate
subor-
dinates
¬-
dinatesdinateadonatesinnate to do likewise.likewise. With himhim.him,. a thing was right or itit-
was
vi-
tasit-
wal
vi-
talit-
was
vi-
taswaswalwail wrong.wrong., It was never halfhal f right or0o r halfhal f wrong.wrong. He firmlyfirmly-
believedfir-mlyIifirmly-
believedfir-mly
rmlyarmyrmly-
believedbelieved that a soldier could do no military wrong and thatthat-
ifth-
atthat-
ifth-
atthat-
ifth-
atif he did it waswaaWada hiehishide leaders1eadera'1eaderaleaders'*' fault , and he acted accordingaccording-accordingl-
y.according1-
y.according-
1y
according-
ly
¬-
ly.ly1y.1yly .,
He would visitvilitviolist a field hospital and be asal gentle asa.a. aa-
woman
w-
oman
a-
woman
w-
oman
a-
woman
w-
omanwoman with a woundedwound.dwoundd. private and five minutesminutelminutely later he wouldwould-
be
would-
b.
wou-
ldbeb.b. cursingcurlinacurling a brigadierbr1iadier general for not havinghav1ni taken hishilPhil objecobj.c-obj.cobjec--objectobjec-
tiveobj.c-
ti"e.
obj-ctie
objec-
tiveobjec-
tive. ¬-
tiveti"e.tie," ,. Frederickrr.4er1ckrr4er1ck. Palmer hashal aptly saidlaid of himhimGeneralhymeneal;: "GeneralGeneral-General"General-
Summerall
GeneralS-
ummerallGen-
erals"General-
Summerall
GeneralS-
ummerallGen-
erals"- General-
Summerall
Gen-eralsSummerallSummer itilis a leader compounded ofot all kindskindlkindle ofot fightingfightiftifightfighting-
qualitiesfigh-
tingfightifti-
qual1tiel.
fightifti-
qual1tielfighting-
qualitiesfigh-
tingqualitiesqual1tiel.qual1tiel,. who tomeaom.aomsomeatom. sayla, can btb.bbe. gentle.nt1.nt1.nt1,. . asa.a. a sweetI..etIetViet.. naturednatured-
chaplainnat-
urednatured-
chaplain.nat-
urednatured-
chaplainnat-
uredchaplainchaplain.,. while othersotherlother saylay he is nothing but brimstone andand-
(103)Palm.r
an-
d103Palmr
an-
druthless
ad-
ultness03)Palmer03Palmer(103)Palm.r103Palm.r103Palmr(103103( ! ) PalmerPalmer-pPalme-r
. ruthlessruthl.ruthlruth. . . determination"determinationd.t.rmination-d.t.rminationd.t.rmination(103)dtrmination103. . "- ., (103)103(103)-P.
103-P
( )
P.Pp ., 269.269.,
---thirtythirty--thirty-. - - thret---thretthree-threethreatthret-
He
threat-
en
thr.thrthru.. -. -. -.
"' ''
\ \ . 'u...../ .
>)\.
It was..11. thiithi.thithisTahitithin. ladorh-lpladorhlp1taderihripardor1.a4.1a4.1a4*. . * -ip bybJ thtthethatthe11A&1.the11A1*-"Maagi-11A&1.11A1.11A&1.11A11angroMagi& *. ofot thtthlthethathltht-
Aaorioan
the-
American
th-eatricAaorioanAmericanAbortion... ,loan Anay"nayAnl7-Anl7Army"ArmyAnl7lombia.dAnl7lombiad"- , oombintdlombia.dlombiadcombinedLombard. with91th thtthethat couragooutlouraSloulcourageousLoral bratorybraveryoratorybratory-
of
bravery-
of
orator-y
brave-ry
bray.bray."ofot thoth.ththethou. AnAa.r1oaaAar1oaaAmericantrio. an InfantrymanntaDtrmaatuatara! , thattkattat wonwo.wo. thiith1.th1thisTahiti. RoaorioB'.lrloBlrloHomericRosarioBroRoaorio-
iotoryRos-
arioB'.lrlo'f-
LBlrlof-
LBillfo-
ldHomeri-
cvictoryHom-
eric'.
iotoryvictoryisotropy'fLfL?' : 0"0" 0 rJ fort.t. r AmorioanAmericanbl ri 0 aD Armo.ArmoArms.ArmsArmcoA rill .
'
...
....
,,
..
:. '.
/
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