I. Introduction to Geography

A. The study of the earth and its features and of the distribution of life

on the earth, including human life and the effects of human activity.

B. The physical characteristics, especially the surface features, of an area.

1. Definition

2. World MapA. The 7 Continents: Any of the world's main continuous expanses (area) of land

B. Ocean: A very large expanse of water

2. World Map: The 7 ContinentsAny of the world's main continuous expanses

of land1. Asia2. Africa3. North America4. South America5. Europe6. Australia7. Antarctica

2. World Map: The 4 OceansA very large expanse of water1. Atlantic Ocean2. Pacific Ocean3. Arctic Ocean4. Indian Ocean

Identify the largest pieces of the world:

1

2

3

4

5 6

7

A B

C

D

1= Asia2= Africa3= Antarctica4= North America5= South America6=Australia7= Europe

A= Atlantic OceanB= Pacific OceanC= Arctic OceanD= Indian Ocean

2. World Map:

3. Where am I?Key geographical question throughout the human experience has been,

"Where am I?"

A. In classical Greece and China, attempts were made to create logical grid systems of the world to answer this question. But it wasn't until the middle ages that the latitude and longitude system was developed and implemented. This system is written in degrees, using the symbol °.

B. Latitude Latitude1. Horizontal mapping lines on Earth are lines of latitude. They are known as "parallels" of latitude, because they run parallel to the equator.2. The “Equator” divides the earth into the Northern Hemisphere and the Southern Hemisphere.

“Equator”(North/South)

C. Longitude Longitude1. Vertical mapping lines on Earth are lines of longitude, known as "meridians".2. The “Prime Meridian “ is used as a line from which longitude east and west is measured.

“Prime Meridian” (East/West)

D. Latitude and Longitude 1. When we put Latitude and Longitude together we cover the Earth with a net, or grid.

Usually we are not given allthe degrees on a globe or Map.

2. Here are locations of some world cities. - Notice we give the

Latitude first

1. 22 Degrees S, 43 Degrees W RIO DE JANIERO

2. 25 ° N, 85 °W MIAMI, FL

3. 41 ° N, 9 °E BARCELONA

Latitude and Longitude Latitude and Longitude Locations of NFL Teams

1. Worst Team in the NFL 32° N, 96° W DALLAS COWBOYS

2. Smallest City in the NFL 44° N, 88° W GREEN BAY PACKERS

3. Oldest Team in the NFL 33° N, 112° `W ARIZONA CARDINALS

4. Going to win the Super Bowl 38° N, 77° W

WASHINGTON REDSKINS

4. Five Themes of GeographyA. Location: Where is it? (Longitude and Latitude)

4. Five Themes of GeographyB. Place: A place is an area that is defined by

everything in it. All places have features that give them personality and distinguish them from other places.

If you refer to your school as a place, then that place would include walls, windows, gym, cafeteria, classrooms, people, clothing, books, maps, mops, brooms, hallways, mice (if you have them) and everything else in the school, including the languages spoken.

4. Five Themes of Geography C. Region: A region is an area that is defined by

certain similar characteristics. Those unifying or similar characteristics can be physical, natural, human, or cultural.

4. Five Themes of GeographyD. Movement: Movement refers to the way people,

products, information and ideas move from one place to another.

Immigrants arriving from Europe at Ellis Island, NY A Slave Coffle in West Africa

4. Five Themes of GeographyE. Human-Environment Interaction: Human-

environment interaction looks at the relationships between people and their

environment; how people adapt to the environment and how they change it.

An irrigation ditch brings in water to dry areas in Arizona so people can live and farm inan place very hostile to life.