I hear and I forget.I see and I remember.I do and I understand.I reflect and I learn.

Carmen Friesen, Tulare County Office of Education

Reflection: A Critical Component of Leadership

Jennifer DovePeg MacDonald

Aha! Questions/ I wonder…

This reminds me of…(Text to Self, Text to Text, Text to World)

When writing reflective papers, I need to remember to…

Notes on Reflection

The major outcome of the Andrews Leadership Program is an integrated person with

a sense of purpose who knows he/she is and what he/she can accomplish.

Dr. Shirley Freed

Using Reflection in Your Program

1. IDP Development Goals and vision based on beliefs

2. Competency Demonstration Summative papers on competencies and practice

3. Portfolio Presentation Integration of competencies with each other and with your practice, synthesis paper

4. Dissertation Literature review, determination of methodology, analysis of data

Reflectionis like _______________ because _____________________________________.

What is reflection? (words, phrases, etc.)

What are the conditions needed for reflection?

Think about a time when…

Recognizing Reflection

Concept Map

Rodin depicts The Thinker as a man in sober meditation battling with a powerful internal struggle.

Does reflection always have to be painful, solitary, and passive?

What is Reflection?

Reflection

Involves A state of doubt, hesitation, perplexity, mental difficulty

Resulting inSearching, hunting, inquiring

To find material that will Resolve the doubt, settle and dispose of the perplexity

Reflection is the ability to analyze information within a framework of beliefs.

Dewey,1933

Four stages of reflection1. Experience2. Observation and Reflection3. Abstract Reconceptualization 4. Experimentation

Kolb, 1984

Reflection on Action and Reflection in Action

When good jazz musicians improvise together, they similarly display reflection-in-action smoothly integrated into ongoing performance. Listening to one another and listening to themselves, they “feel” where the music is going and adjust their playing accordingly. A figure announced by one performer will be taken up by another, elaborated, and turned into a new melody. Each player makes on-line inventions, and responds to surprises triggered by the inventions of the other players.

Schon, 1987

Reflective Judgment is the ability of individuals to reason regarding

ill-structured problems.

Stages of Reflective Judgment1. Pre-reflective2. Quasi-Reflective 3. Reflective

Kitchener & King, 1994

Conditions that Support Reflection

Doing.. active involvement and meaningful contextModeling of othersCulture of learning and reflectionHabit of mindBeliefs about knowledge and learningTheory using concepts from the literature

Reflection and Theory Inform Practice

Theory is a practice that constantlyis informing one’s beliefs, actions,

and practices.

Jose Alaby

experience

observationand reflection

Reconceptualizeusing theory

improved practice

Interaction of theory, practice and reflection

TheoryConstructivistKnowledge is continually

reconstructed by individuals

and groupsThe Social

Family Model

TheoristsDewey,Reflective thinking Phillips, 1995 3 roles in constructivist: active learner, the social learner and the creative learner Vygotsky, Maxine Green, Piaget, Eisner, Clandinine

My Practices

Multiple sources of data used to verify findingsJournals from students, rubrics and reflection all used in teaching

My Beliefs

There is subjectivity in both quantitative and qualitative methodologies and when recognized and put in context, this is fine for research or evaluation purposes

PhilosophyPragmatismAny design may be useful for illuminationReality is interpreted, negotiated and consensual Existentialism

REFLECTIVE RESEARCHER

A good reflection should…

Consider multiple perspectives

Include a variety of data/evidence

Evaluate information across different contexts

Inform practice

Demonstrate changes in own knowledge, repertoire, and practice

Re-evaluate when there is new data or evidence

Interpret information using evaluated opinions of reputable others: theory, concepts

Let’s look at some examples of leadership competency reflections

“Thinking critically involves our recognizing the assumptions underlying our beliefs and behaviors. It means we can give justifications for our ideas and actions.”

Stephen D. Brookfield

Developing Critical Thinkers

Jossey-Bass, S.F. , 1987

1.Write on your note page some things that you might want to remember when reflecting.

2. What is your metaphor for reflection? (Complete the space in the middle of the Concept Map.)

Reflection is like_________because________.