Hydroponic Growing
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Transcript of Hydroponic Growing
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Hydroponic Growing Growing plants without soil
Capt.S.K.Bhandari & the ASFIC Team
+91 938525643
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HYDROPHONICS What does
Hydroponic mean?
Hydro = water
Ponic = labour
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HYDROPHONICS
Hydroponic vs. Soil The plant food is in the
water. Vs
The plant food comes from the soil
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What is hydroponics? Growing plants in water, without soil Efficient Fast growing Crop density is high/limited space Less pests, weeds, and soil borne
diseases Less physical labour Less water than traditional farming
HYDROPHONICS
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HYDROPHONICS
HOW DOES WORK?
Plants are suspended in a ph neutral medium
Nutrient rich water is pumped through allowing the plants to absorb what they need
An air pump oxygenates the water for the roots
The water is recycled, until the nutrients are nearly all absorbed by the plants and then disposed of in a responsible way
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HYDROPHONICS Hydroponics isnt new
1627 book Sylva Sylvarum by Francis Bacon
In 1699, John Woodward published his water culture experiments with spearmint
In 1937 William Frederick Gericke of the University of California at Berkeley first coined the term hydroponics
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HYDROPHONICS
Advantages of Hydroponic No soil is needed Lower water costs Control the nutrition levels No nutrition pollution is released into the
environment Potential for stable and high yields Pests and diseases are easier to get rid of
than in soil
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Nutrients needed for Plant Life
NPK and minor elements
Nitrogen
Phosphorous
Potassium
Sulphur, Calcium, Magnesium
Copper, Molybdate, Boron, Zinc, Manganese
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Other needs for plant growth
Air (Oxygen / Carbon Dioxide)
Light
Water
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ROOTS
Nutrient absorption takes place in roots
Root health is very important
Roots need dissolved OXYGEN
Stagnant water cannot hold Oxygen
The more root mass the more nutrients can be absorbed and the more growth is possible
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ROOTS
To be a successful hydroponic grower you must create an environment for good root growth
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Media
Some type of media is necessary to create the ideal environment for the roots
No nutrients are obtained from the media
Different types of media have different physical attributes
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Types of Media Expanded clay Rockwool Coco peat (Coir) Perlite and Vermiculite Sand and gravel Wood chips Rice hulls Packing peanuts
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Types of Hydroponic Systems
Static solution culture
Continuous flow culture
Aeroponics
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Static Solution Culture
HYDROPHONICS
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Gravity fed hydroponics system Nutrient rich water
Roots suspended
Pump pushes water
Air stone oxygenates the
water
Continuous flow culture
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HYDROPHONICS
Continuous flow culture
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Aeroponics
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CAPSICUMS
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HYDROPHONICS
Lettuce Production
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LETTUICE
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HYDROPHONICS
Tomato Production
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HYDROPHONICS
Cucumber Production
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Plants with sufficient oxygen in the roots likewise take in supplements all the more quickly.
These types of food mix with the water and go straightforwardly to the roots.
Not at all like the typical methodology, does the plant not have to search in the dirt for supplements.
Also, these are conveyed to the plant various times every day.
HYDROPHONICS
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FEED
The main three macro-supplements incorporate potassium, phosphorous and nitrogen.
These are consumed in tremendous sums and crucial to the proceeded presence of plants.
Hydroponics is viewed as helpful over universal soil planting.
HYDROPHONICS
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Development rate for hydroponic plants is said to be 30 to 50 percent speedier contrasted with a dirt plant with comparable conditions.
Masters guarantee that extra oxygen in hydroponic developing mediums encourages root improvement.
HYDROPHONICS
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HYDROPHONICS
Hydroponic and Greenhouses Hydroponic growing can be done indoors,
outdoors or in Protected Agriculture Example of Protected Agriculture is a
Greenhouse Advantages of Protected Agriculture Better control of environmental conditions Protection from invasive insects and diseases Extended season for growing Increased yields, higher plant density Less land needed
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HYDROPHONICS
Glass Greenhouse
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In search of something else
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Aquaculture Hydroponics
In search of something else
Aquaculture + Hydrophonics = AQUAPHONICS
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Recycling wastes into resources
Creating ecosystems
Combining the best of technologies
Promoting biodiversity
Producing food
Why Search?
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Where can we use it?
Households to enhance self sufficiency
Schools to empower our next generation
Commercial production more
sustainable,
Communities eliminate food oases and create
resiliency
Urban Agriculture fits perfectly in areas with
population density
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Aquaponics
Why Aquaponics?
Near zero environmental impact
High quality hormone-free fish
A level higher than organic vegetables
No chemical fertilizers, pesticides, or herbicides
90% less water than conventional vegetable gardens
97% less water than standard aquaculture methods
Versatile and adaptable
Less waste than aquaculture and hydroponics
Closed loop system
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How does it work?
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The Nitrogen Cycle
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Crap items such as catla, Rohu, Grass carp, Common carp etc
Tilapia (Oreochromis spp.)
Catfish (Ictalurus spp.)
Crappie (Pomoxis spp.)
Koi
Goldfish
Trout
Salmon
Freshwater prawns
Crayfish
Green leaf, red leaf, and other leafy lettuces
Pak choi (bok choi)
Swiss chard
Basil
Mint
Watercress
Chives
Many common tropical plants / house plants
Deepwater, established systems
Tomatoes Peppers Cucumbers Beans Peas Squash
What can we grow?
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Nutrient Film Technique (NFT)
Pros: plant roots are exposed to a
continuous supply of water, oxygen, and
nutrients
Cons: less buffering against interruptions
in the flow, e.g. power outages
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Grow Bed/Ebb and Flow
1. Timer to cycle the pump, which provides the ebb and flow of
nutrient dense water and oxygen across the
plant roots
2. Use of a bell siphon or loop siphon
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Raft or Deep Water Culture
1. Most frequently used in larger scale
and commercial scale aquaponics
2. Requires intensive biological and mechanical
filtration to keep the water clean and clear
of any solids waste
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Bell Siphon Stand Pipe
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Auto Siphons
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Loop Siphon
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Filtration
Biological Mechanical
Aerobic bacteria convert the toxic ammonia (NH3) produced by fish, decomposing fish waste, uneaten food, and dead plant matter into nitrite (NO2) (also toxic) and then to relatively non-toxic nitrate (NO3)
removal of solids waste before broken down by biological processes. This may be achieved by passing the water through a fine material such as a foam sponge, filter sock, or other synthetic barrier, which traps the solids and is manually removed and cleaned on a frequent basis. The manual removal of organic solids benefits the system by taking some of the demand off of the biological filtration, reducing the amount of oxygen used by bacteria in the mineralization and nitrifying processes. This is important, as your fish need that oxygen as well. If there is too much solid waste in the system uneaten food, plant matter, etc., the dissolved oxygen may drop to dangerously low levels.
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Starting the Engine
The Murray Hallam Cycling Technique
1. Add liquid seaweed at a rate of 1 Lit : 100 Lit
2. Add plants 3. Wait for two weeks 4. Then add fish (low stocking
density)
*Can add bacteria *Can cycle without fish *Can add synthetic ammonia *Can add water from other systems
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HYDROPHONICS
Aquaponics
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Grow Media
Hydroton LECA (lightweight expanded clay aggregate) is a popular hydroponic grow media. Its inert, reusable, and highly porous, providing extensive surface area for biological filtration.
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Lighting
The sun is the finest light source for aquaponics. For growing indoors, however, there are a number of artificial light options for indoor gardening, including high output fluorescent, metal halide, mercury vapor bulbs, LED, and plasma lights.
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Water Heaters
Air Pumps
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Third most important fish in aquaculture after carps and salmonids.
Good source of protein
Reproduce fairly easily, every 4 weeks
Can be grown as fry in aquariums
Can be grown to plate size in 55 gal barrels
Ratio of fish to water capacity is one pound of fish for every five gallons of water
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Feeding Feed fish as much as they will eat in 3-5 minutes, 3
times per day. Allow four to five hours between feedings for optimal metabolism
Take care not to overfeed fish.
Provide a high-quality fish food of appropriate size fingerlings will take a much smaller pellet size than juvenile and adult fish.
An adult tilapia will eat approximately 1% of its bodyweight per day.
Fish fry (babies) will eat as much as 7%.
Fish that are not eating may be: stressed due to high ammonia level; outside of their optimal temperature range; lacking sufficient oxygen (discontinue feeding if dissolved oxygen drops below 3ppm)
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Water Quality Basics
pH of 7 is ideal
Ammonia and nitrite levels should be less than .25 ppm.
Oxygen
Provide plenty of aeration in your fish tanks.
Strong water flow improves oxygen saturation.
Avoid overfeeding or overcrowding the fish.
Fish gasping for air at the water surface is a sign they are lacking oxygen.
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Harvesting Tilapia are generally ready to harvest at 6-9 months
of age, but the growth rate is dependent upon feeding regimen and number of fish in a system.
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Water Sources
Rainwater and clean well water
Municipal water can often have chlorine and chloramine added
There are many water conditioners available, be certain they are human safe
Vitamin C
R/O System
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The hydroponic plant needs insignificant vitality to hunt down and break down support.
It can use spared vitality to develop faster and transform more yields.
Hydroponic plants additionally experience insignificant issues regarding bug infestation and maladies.
Hydroponic planting systems don't oblige topsoil so disintegration is not seen as an issue later on.
HYDROPHONICS
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AQUAPHONICS FISH
Prawn
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AQUAPHONICS FISH
Grass Surface Feeders Crap
Surface Feeders Catlas
Middle-Zone Feeders Rohus
Bottom Feeders Common Carp Mrigal
Pomphret
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THANK YOU