Hydrogeological classification roland barthel
-
Upload
geological-survey-of-sweden -
Category
Technology
-
view
176 -
download
8
description
Transcript of Hydrogeological classification roland barthel
Grundvattendagarna 16-17 oktober 2013 i LundBarthel et al. 1
Hydrogeological classification as a tool to support regional scale groundwater assessment and
modelling
Roland Barthel 1 , Luis E. Samaniego 2 , Rohini Kumar 2 , Deliang Chen 1 , Andras Bardossy 3
1 Department of Earth Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.2 Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany.3 Institute for Modelling Hydraulic and Environmental Systems, Universitaet Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany.
Grundvattendagarna 16-17 oktober 2013 i LundBarthel et al. 2
Starting point and motivation
• Why the regional scale?
– Integrated water resources management
– European Water Framework Directive
– Climate Change impact assessment
Grundvattendagarna 16-17 oktober 2013 i LundBarthel et al. 3
Starting point and motivation
• Problems with regional scale hydrogeology:
– Groundwater observations wells provide very local information at distinct points and are usually scarce and/or clustered
– It is often difficult to decide how representative a groundwater observation well is
– It is often difficult to decide if changes in groundwater observations are the result of natural or anthropogenic sources
– Groundwater models are needed but require detailed representative data for parameterization and calibration everywhere
Grundvattendagarna 16-17 oktober 2013 i LundBarthel et al. 4
Summary of the challenges at the regional scale:
High demand for regional scale groundwater assessment and modeling; but the available “raw” data does often not support this task
• Is it possible to make predictions and assessments on the regional
scale without using complex numerical models?
• Can we improve numerical models using “unconventional”
information?
• How can we make better use of the existing information, of all the
groundwater data we find in our archives?
Grundvattendagarna 16-17 oktober 2013 i LundBarthel et al. 5
Example data set: Upper Danube Catchment (Germany)
Grundvattendagarna 16-17 oktober 2013 i LundBarthel et al. 6
Data availability and spatial distribution
Upper Danube Catchment, Southern Germany, 80,000 km2, ~2000 Groundwater observation wells >10years, at least weekly measurements
Regional, confined aquifer
Obs. well
River
Shallow alluvial aquifer
Regional unconfined aquifer
?
?
Grundvattendagarna 16-17 oktober 2013 i LundBarthel et al. 7
Research Question
• Is it possible to fill these “white spaces” using
hydrogeological classification?
Grundvattendagarna 16-17 oktober 2013 i LundBarthel et al. 8
Groundwater “behavior” (time series of groundwater observations): Southern Germany
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
GWL
GlowaID: 1285
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
GWL
GlowaID: 1252
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
GWL
GlowaID: 95
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
GWL
GlowaID: 1693
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
GWL
GlowaID: 1714
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
GWL
GlowaID: 2454
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
GWL
GlowaID: 2563
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
GWL
GlowaID: 1618
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
GWL
GlowaID: 4417
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
GWL
GlowaID: 373
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
GWL
GlowaID: 324
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
GWL
GlowaID: 233
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
GWL
GlowaID: 260
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
GWL
GlowaID: 564
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
GWL
GlowaID: 1440
All time series are 30 years long and normalized so that mean = 0 and standard deviation = 1
Grundvattendagarna 16-17 oktober 2013 i LundBarthel et al. 9
Classification of time series
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
GWL
GlowaID: 1285
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
GWL
GlowaID: 1252
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
GWL
GlowaID: 95
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
GWL
GlowaID: 1693
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
GWL
GlowaID: 1714
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
GWL
GlowaID: 2454
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
GWL
GlowaID: 2563
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
GWL
GlowaID: 1618
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
GWL
GlowaID: 4417
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
GWL
GlowaID: 373
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
GWL
GlowaID: 324
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
GWL
GlowaID: 233
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
GWL
GlowaID: 260
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
GWL
GlowaID: 564
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
GWL
GlowaID: 1440
7 main groups of different behavior based on spectral analysis
Grundvattendagarna 16-17 oktober 2013 i LundBarthel et al. 10
Why are some time series more similar than others?
1. Often, but not always, similar time series are from observation wells which are close to each other
2. Very often, similar time series are from observation wells which arelocated in similar hydrogeological settings
Similar hydrogeological settings similar behavior, similar time series
Grundvattendagarna 16-17 oktober 2013 i LundBarthel et al. 11
How can classification help?
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
GWL
unconfinedshallow
Classified Groundwater System Type
Classifiable / Predictable Response Type: Groundwater Level
Classified Input Type: Recharge
1
0Jan Dec
1
0Jan Dec
unconfineddeep
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
GWL
long term time series (30 years)
Grundvattendagarna 16-17 oktober 2013 i LundBarthel et al. 12
Groundwater “behavior” (time series of groundwater observations): Southern Germany
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
GWL
GlowaID: 1285
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
GWL
GlowaID: 1252
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
GWL
GlowaID: 95
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
GWL
GlowaID: 1693
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
GWL
GlowaID: 1714
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
GWL
GlowaID: 2454
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
GWL
GlowaID: 2563
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
GWL
GlowaID: 1618
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
GWL
GlowaID: 4417
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
GWL
GlowaID: 373
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
GWL
GlowaID: 324
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
GWL
GlowaID: 233
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
GWL
GlowaID: 260
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
GWL
GlowaID: 564
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
GWL
GlowaID: 1440
All time series are 30 years long and normalized so that mean = 0 and standard deviation = 1
Grundvattendagarna 16-17 oktober 2013 i LundBarthel et al. 13
Is all this particular to the data sets from Southern Germany?
?
All time series are 30 years long and normalized so that mean = 0 and standard deviation = 1
Grundvattendagarna 16-17 oktober 2013 i LundBarthel et al. 14
Summary
1. It becomes obvious that many groundwater observation wells show similar behavior, so that we can form groups of groundwater observation wells that behave the same way.
2. The similarity of the behavior can be related to a similarity of the hydrogeological setting
Similar hydrogeology creates similar behavior knowing this allows us to predict the behavior of groundwater at a location with known hydrogeology but no observations
Grundvattendagarna 16-17 oktober 2013 i LundBarthel et al. 15
Workflow of our proposed research approach:
1. Comparative analysis and classification of groundwater time series group groundwater observations together based on their similarity
2. Classification of groundwater systems group hydrogeological settings based on the similarity of the hydrogeological situation
3. Determine the dependencies between the resulting groups
4. Predict the behavior of locations with no observations based on the found dependencies
Grundvattendagarna 16-17 oktober 2013 i LundBarthel et al. 16
Workflow of our proposed research approach:
1. Comparative analysis and classification of groundwater time series group groundwater observations together based on their similarity
2. Classification of groundwater systems group hydrogeological settings based on the similarity of the hydrogeological situation
3. Determine the dependencies between the resulting groups
4. Predict the behavior of locations with no observations based on the found dependencies
Grundvattendagarna 16-17 oktober 2013 i LundBarthel et al. 17
Making use of existing classification schemes
Stejmar-Eklund, H., 2002
Hydrogeological type settings
Grundvattendagarna 16-17 oktober 2013 i LundBarthel et al. 18
Predictions of behavior based on classification hydrogeological settings
Swedish National Atlas, Volume12,Berg och Jord, SNA, 2009
Grundvattendagarna 16-17 oktober 2013 i LundBarthel et al. 19
2628303234363840424446
567.0567.5568.0568.5569.0569.5570.0570.5571.0571.5572.0
NO3 (mg/l) groundwaterlevel (m a.s.l)
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007time
579.0
579.5
580.0
580.5
581.0
581.5
582.0
NO3 (mg/l)groundwaterlevel (m a.s.l)
NO3 (mg/l) GWS (m ü. NN)
Correlation between NO3- and groundwater level
Groundwater chemistry as additional information
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007212.0
213.0
214.0
215.0
216.0
217.0
218.0
219.0
NO3 (mg/l) groundwaterlevel (m a.s.l)
NO3 (mg/l) GWS (m ü. NN)
Grundvattendagarna 16-17 oktober 2013 i LundBarthel et al. 20
Groundwater chemistry: additional information to classify groundwater observations
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
1990 1994 1998 2002 2006
NO3, EC , O
2
Time [Date]
StationID: 5154
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
1990 1994 1998 2002 2006
NO3, EC , O
2
Time [Date]
StationID: 16839
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
1990 1994 1998 2002 2006
NO3, EC , O
2
Time [Date]
StationID: 7196
All positively correlated - only two out of three correlated etc.
NitrateDissolved OxygenElectric Conductivity
Grundvattendagarna 16-17 oktober 2013 i LundBarthel et al. 21
Conclusions
• Hydrogeological classification is possible, and can be based on existing concepts
• What is new, is the combination of hydrogeological classification with the classification of the dynamic behavior (quantity and chemistry)
• It requires both:– Advanced statistical tools
– And “traditional” geological expertise
• Classification of groundwater systems and systematic use of similarity of groundwater observations:
– Might help to replace complex numerical models where they are not feasible
– Can provide tools for the improvement and validation of numerical models
• A wide range of applications in regional hydrogeology is possible, e.g.– Prediction of climate change impacts
– Separation of natural and human impacts
– Assessment of regional planning instruments (RBMs, WFD)
Grundvattendagarna 16-17 oktober 2013 i LundBarthel et al. 22
Hydrogeological classification as a tool to support regional scale groundwater assessment and modelling
Roland Barthel 1 , Luis E. Samaniego 2 , Rohini Kumar 2 , Deliang Chen 1 , Andras Bardossy 3
1 Department of Earth Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.2 Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany.3 Institute for Modelling Hydraulic and Environmental Systems, Universitaet Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany.
Thank you for your attention!
Grundvattendagarna 16-17 oktober 2013 i LundBarthel et al. 23
How to deal with anthropogenic influences
-4
-2
0
2
4
1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003
GWL
GlowaID: 81
-4
-2
0
2
1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
GWL
GlowaID: 179
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
GWL
GlowaID: 183
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
1967 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999
GWL
GlowaID: 376
-2
0
2
4
6
8
1988 1992 1996 2000 2004
GWL
GlowaID: 677
-2
0
2
4
6
1973 1977 1981 1985 1989 1993 1997 2001 2005
GWL
GlowaID: 1717
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
GWL
GlowaID: 284
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
GWL
GlowaID: 1939
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
GWL
GlowaID: 797
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
GWL
GlowaID: 1667
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
GWL
GlowaID: 765
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
GWL
GlowaID: 530
Changes of variance
Quasi-continuously
Dis-continuously
Grundvattendagarna 16-17 oktober 2013 i LundBarthel et al. 24
Factors controlling the transient response and dependencies of parameters
?
Z
X