Hydrogen Research Priority Workshop

Hydrogen & Fuel Cell Vehicles

Global Technical Regulation

Nha NguyenU.S. Department of Transportation

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration

Background• In 2009, The U.S., Japan and Germany co-sponsored a working group to

develop a Global Technical Regulation (GTR) Under the United Nations 1998 Agreement.

• The working group consisted of governments participants from China, European Union, Korea, Canada and India; and industry participants from standard organizations, automobile and component manufacturers

• In June 2013, Phase 1 was completed, establishing GTR No. 13: Contracting Parties under the 1998 Agreement are obligated to start an adoption process of GTR No.13 into their national regulations

http://www.unece.org/trans/main/wp29/wp29wgs/wp29gen/wp29glob_registry.html

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Compresses Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicle

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HydrogenStorage

HydrogenStorage

1. High pressure fuel container system2. Fuel system at vehicle level: in-use and post-crash hydrogen leakage limits 3. Electrical integrity of high voltage system: in-use and post-crash

Verification test for Baseline Metrics

• Baseline Initial Burst Pressure Test– Burst pressure within ±10% of BP0– Burst pressure ≥ BPmin of 225% NWP

• Baseline Initial Pressure Cycling Test– Pressure cycle for 22,000 cycles without rupture

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Verification Test for Performance Durability (Sequential hydraulic cycling tests)

Number of cycles is specified by individual contracting party (5,500, 7,500 and 11,000) 1. Proof pressure test 2. Drop (impact) test3. Surface damage4. Chemical exposure 5. ambient temperature pressure

cycling tests6. High temperature static pressure

test7. Extreme temperature pressure

cycling8. Residual proof pressure test (180%

NWP for 4 mins)9. Residual strength burst test (within

20% of BPo)

5

+85C

Pres

sure

Dam

age

Drop

time

BPO<20%

ResidualStrength

Che

mic

als

48 hr

60% #Cycles15C-25C

chemicalexposure 150% NWP

burst

125%NWP

180%NWP(30 sec)

1000 hr+85C

20% #Cycles-40C

20% #Cycles10cycles15-25C

Proo

f Pre

ssur

e

80%NWP

180% NWP(4 min)

Verification Test for On-Road Performance (Sequential pneumatic/hydraulic cycling tests)

Number of cycles: 500

1. Proof pressure test2. Ambient and extreme temperature gas

pressure cycling test (pneumatic)3. Extreme temperature static gas pressure

leak/permeation test (pneumatic)4. Residual proof test (180% NWP for 4 mins)5. Residual strength burst test (hydraulic) –

Within 20% of BPo

6

cb

Proo

f Pr

essu

re

5% cy -40Ca

5% cy +50Cb

40%cy 15-25Cc

180%NWP30 sec

150%NWP

+55oC +55oC a

Pres

sure

time

BurstBurst

<20%

125%NWP

Leak

/ Per

mea

tion

>30

hrs

a Fuel/defuel cycles @-40oC with initial system equilibration @ -40oC, 5 cycles with +20oC fuel; 5 cycles with <-35oC fuelb Fuel/defuel cycles @+50oC with initial system equilibration @+50oC, 5 cycles with <-35oC fuelc Fuel/defuel cycles @15-25oC with service (maintenance) defuel rate, 50 cycles

5% cy -40C5% cy +50C40%cy 15-25C

Leak

/ Per

mea

tion

>30

hrs

115%NWP80%NWP

ba

180% NWP(4 min)

Combining Localized and Engulfing Fire

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A hydrogen storage system is pressurized to NWP and exposed to fire. A temperature-activated pressure relief device shall release the contained gases in a controlled manner without rupture.

Fire Test Profile

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1

600o C

800o C

Localized Fire Exposure

Engulfing Fire

Minutes1311

300o C

3

MinTemp

Localized AreaEngulfing Region

Outside Localized Area (burner ramp rate)

Ignite Main

Burner

0

Fuel System Requirements

• Fuel System Integrity:– Fuel Receptacle and Label requirements– PRD requirements– Exhaust requirements

• In-use fuel leakage:– Warning tell-tale at 2±1% of Hydrogen concentration in enclosed

spaces• Post-crash leakage:

– Less than 3±1% of Hydrogen concentration in enclosed spaces

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Electrical Safety

• In-Use requirements:– Protection from high voltage shock

• Absence of high voltage• Isolation resistance • Barrier • label

– Isolation resistance monitoring system– Functional safety

• Post-crash requirements:– Protection from high voltage shock– Battery leakage and retention

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Status of GTR Adoption

• Adopted:– EU transposed GTR into UN-ECE– Japan– Korea

• The U.S. is currently preparing a notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM):– Completed a series of fuel tank tests to validate the test procedures– NPRM is expected in 2017

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GTR Phase 2

• Phase 2 GTR is expected to start early 2017– Material compatibility– Stress rupture– Electric safety– Improve current test procedures– Potential scope revision to include other vehicle

classes

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http://www.nhtsa.gov/

nha.nguyen@dot.gov

Questions

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HFCV GTR NO. 13

HYDROGEN RESEARCH PRIORITY WORKSHOP

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