Methane Pyrolysis – a potential new process for hydrogen ...
Hydrogen and Methane from Renewables - Flink Energy …flinkenergy.com/resources/Hydrogen and...
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Ken Dragoon 503-545-8172 k.dragoon@flinkenergy.com Hydrogen and Methane from Renewable Electricity Powering the 21 st Century NEBC Presenta?on February 22, 2018 www.flinkenergy.com
Transcript of Hydrogen and Methane from Renewables - Flink Energy …flinkenergy.com/resources/Hydrogen and...
KenDragoon503-545-8172
HydrogenandMethanefromRenewableElectricity
Poweringthe21stCentury
NEBCPresenta?onFebruary22,2018
www.flinkenergy.com
SpeakerBackground• HydroResourcePlanner,BPA1982-1996.
• Analyst,RenewableResourceContractOriginator,PacifiCorp,1996-2006.
• ResearchDirector,RenewableNorthwest,2006-2010.
• ResourcePlanningManager,NorthwestPowerandConservaSonCouncil,2010-2012.
• ManagingConsultant,EcofysUS,2012-2014.
• Proprietor,FlinkEnergyConsulSng,2014-Present.
• BS,MSPhysics(lastcentury)
Integra(ngrenewableenergyprimarycareerfocussince2003
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Outline
• Power-to-GasReport• PhysicalProcessesConverSngElectricPowertoFuels
• ImportancetoDecarbonizaSon• StateoftheTechnology• NeedforAdvocacy• QuesSons
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Power-to-GasReport• CommissionedbyNWNatural
• Greaterdetailthere• Recognizesvitalroleofpower-to-gasindecarbonizaSon.
• IdenSfiesneedforadvocacy
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WaterElectrolysis• Electricitypluswater=>hydrogen,oxygenandheat.
– 200yearoldtechnology.– CostscomingdownwithEuropeandevelopment.
• Hydrogencanbefurtherprocessedtoproduceotherfuelssuchasmethane,theprimaryelementofnaturalgas.
• Threetechnologies:
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Alkaline ProtonExchangeMembrane(PEM)
SolidOxideElectrolysis(SOE)
HydrogentoMethane• Hydrogencanbeusedasafueldirectly.
– HydrogencanbesubsStutedfornaturalgasingaspipelinesystemsuptosomeamount.• VariouslyesSmatedbetween3and30%
• Itcanalsobecombinedwithcarbondioxidetoformmethane.– Methaneiscompletelyinterchangeableinthegassystem.– Ifthemethaneisscouredfromtheatmosphere,ortakenfroma
biologicalsource,theresulSnggasiscarbonneutral.
6AudiCarCompany6MWe-gasplantinGermany,begunin2013.
RenewablePower• Renewableelectricityisthekeytoreducingcarbonemissions.• IssueswithrelyingenSrelyonrenewableelectricity
– Variability– SomeSmesnotenough– SomeSmeswaytoomuch
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WINDMW
RenewableSymbiosis• CreaSngcarbonneutralfuelscanaddressalltheseissue:
– Flexibleloadhelpswithbothvariabilityandplacetoputsurpluselectricity.
– CarbonneutralfuelscanleverageexisSngenergystorageandelectricgeneraSoninfrastructuretofillinwhenwindandsunarescarce.
Mostpressingoftheseissuesarethegrowingsurplusesofrenewableelectricitydrivingdownwholesaleelectricprices.
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RenewableSurpluses• RenewableEnergyCurtailmentsinspringof2017:
BPA:140,000MWh(~$4million)CaliforniaISO:350,000MWh(~$10million)
• Germanrenewableenergycurtailmentsroughlydoubledbetween2013and2014,anddoubledagainin2015.
Makingmoreefficientuseoftheavailablerenewableelectricityisarapidlygrowingopportunityandimpera(ve.
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VitaltoLowCarbonFuture• ReachinghighlevelsofrenewablepenetraSonintheelectricgridwill
createhugesurplusesthatcanbeusedtoreducethecarbonfootprintofdeliveredgasfortransportaSonandindustry.
• TheNorthwestnaturalgassystemdeliversaboutasmuchenergyastheNorthwestelectricgrid.
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• CreaSngcarbonneutralgasforgeneraSngelectricpowereffecSvelyaccessesanaddiSonalsourceofexisSng(!)seasonalenergystorageinfrastructure.
• ThereisnoeconomicallyfeasiblealternaSveforseasonalbulkenergystorage.
NotaRevelaSon!
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Dozensofpower-to-gasdemonstraSonprojectshavecroppedupinEuropetoabsorbandstorerenewableelectricpower.
SomeManufacturers
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• ElectrolyzercostshavebeendroppingrapidlywiththegrowthofEuropeanprojects.– Fromnorthof$1,000/kWtonear$500today,targe(ng$200with
higherproduc(onlevels.
AFewProjects• NREL/SoCalGasbiomethanaSonproject-innovaSvemethanaSon
usingbacteria(ongoing).• ThügaGroup’sFrankfurtelectrolysisplantcommissionedin2014to
deliverhydrogenintothegasgridwitha325kWPEMITM-Power.• AudiCarCompanybeganoperaSnga6MWpower-to-methane
facilitynearWerlte,Germanyin2013usingCO2fromadjacentbiomassplant.
• Inlate2017,OrkneyIslandscommissioned500kWITMPowerPEMelectrolyzer.TruckstransferthehydrogentoKirkwallviaferrywhereafuelcellprovidesauxiliarypowertodockedferries.
• CityofAberdeenScotland2015projectpurchasedtenhydrogenfuelcellbusesanda1MWHydrogenicsalkalineelectrolyzertoprovidethefuel.100MWscalealkalineelectrolyzerprojectsareindesigntoday
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FuelsFromRenewableElectricityAlsoNeededtoDecarbonizeOtherEnergySectors
• TransportaSon– Baoeryvehiclesareimportant,butlonghaultrains,ships,aircrap,and
truckingwilllikelyrequirecarbonneutralfuels.
• Manufacturing– ChemicalandFerSlizers– SmelSng– Refineries
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NeedforAdvocacy• EducaSonandpolicyadvocacyneededtopromoteeffecSvetariffsforretailingsurplusrenewablepower.
• USliSesandrenewableadvocatesneedtounderstandtheimportanceandvalueofPtFforbuildingelectricmarkets,andshoringupwholesaleprices.
• NeedtoworkwithenvironmentalgroupstounderscorethatPtFisanecessarysteptodecarbonizaSon,notanargumentfornewfossilplants.
• Caseneedstobemadetoregulators,legislators,renewableadvocatesandothersthatPtGisenergystorage.
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QuesSons
September2016inauguralflightoftheHY4,theworld’sfirstfour-seaterhydrogenfuelcellaircrapwitharangeof750-1,500kmandmaximumspeedof200km/hr.Source:HY4.org
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