Hydro Turbine
-
Upload
venkatesh-gangadhar -
Category
Documents
-
view
73 -
download
5
description
Transcript of Hydro Turbine
HYDRO ELECTRIC ENGINEERING
HYDRAULIC ENERGY
ADVANTAGE OF HYDRO ELECTRIC POWER
HYDRO ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION
1. Rainfall and Run-off
2. Storage
3.Hydraulic System / Hydro Mechanical Equipment.
4. Power Station
5.Transformers 6. Switchgears/ Circuit Breakers 7. Operation . 8. Economics. 6. Pumped Storage .
TYPICAL VIEW OF A POWER PLANT
TYPES OF TURBINES
FUNCTION OF HYDRO TURBINE
SPECIFIC SPEED (Ns)
LIMITING FACTORS
OVERCOMING OF LIMITING FACTORS
COMPARISON
1. BHAKRA
2. GRAND COULEE PH-III
CAVITATION
Static Pressure Less Than Vapour Pressure
Create Void or Cavity
Flow Continues Down Stream :Static Pressure Rise
At an Instant Static Pressure more than vapour pressure
Collapse of Void or Cavity on the Blade Surface
Repeated Water Hammer
CAVITATION : Spongy Like Appearance
Air Bubble Water
PELTON TURBINE PELTON TURBINE
HORIZONTAL PELTON TURBINE
VERTICAL PELTON TURBINE
PELTON TURBINE
FRANCIS TURBINE FRANCIS TURBINE
RUNNER
REGULATING RING
SERVO MOTORS
G.V LINK & LEVER
GUIDE VANES
STAY VANES
SPIRAL CASING
FRANCIS TURBINE
KAPLAN /PROPELLER TURBINE KAPLAN /PROPELLER TURBINE
KAPLAN TURBINE
BULB/TUBULAR/TIDAL TURBINE BULB/TUBULAR/TIDAL TURBINE
BULB TURBINE
REVERSIBLE PUMP TURBINE REVERSIBLE PUMP TURBINE
REVERSIBLE PUMP TURBINE
Factor Governing Selection of Turbines
1.SPECIFIC SPEED AND HEAD
2.TURBINE SETTING
3.PART LOAD OPERATION.
4.TRANSPORT OF EQUIPMENT .
5. TRANSIENT PARAMETERS
6.REPAIR OF EQUIPMENT.
KAPLAN TURBINE KAPLAN TURBINE
FRANCIS TURBINE FRANCIS TURBINE
PELTON TURBINE PELTON TURBINE
Comparison Between Francis Type & Pelton Type Hydro Turbines Francis Turbine
1.Better Peak Efficiency 2.Safe operation zone is 100% to 60% Load. 3.At Load below 60% Noise vibration and pressure pulsations have been observed resulting in fall in efficiency4.Higher speed rise ,pressure rise.5.Susceptible to presence of silt in water ,the components under water get eroded resulting in fall in efficiency ,increased vibrations Noise and cavitations. 6.Elaborate maintenance requirement.7.For maintenance of parts underwater complete dismantling of turbine and generator is required. 8.Overall cost less.9.P.H Shall be smaller.
Pelton Turbine
1.Better Efficiency at part loads. 2.Safe operation zone is 100% to 25% Load.3.Safe operation at lower loads without appreciable fall in efficiency. It can be further improved by operating with less the numbers of nozzles. 4.Low speed rise ,pressure rise.5.Even after Erosion the efficiency remains more or less same. 6.Maintenance requirements are less.7.The parts can be refitted without dismantling other components of Turbine and generator. 8.Overall cost more.9.P.H Shall be Bigger.