Presentation of Summer Training Kulekhani First

Hydropower Station

Presenting by :-Birbal Kumar yadavB.Tech 4th yearElectrical & Electronic Engineering

Dhorsing Makwanpur-Nepal

Introduction

Kulekhani-1 is currently a sole large water storage type hydro-electric power station in Nepal.

Its installed Capacity is 60MWwith 2 units of 30 MW each.

The construction was started in 1977 with the financial assistance of the World Bank, Kuwait Fund, OPEC Fund, and the Overseas Economic Co operation fund (OCEF) of Japan.

KULEKHANI- IRated net head:550 meter

Design discharge: 12.1 m3/s Head race tunnel 6233 m, 2.3 m diameter

Penstock pipe: 1324 m long, 2.1 – 1.5m diameter steel Pipe

Installed capacity:60 MW

Turbine Generator Set: 2 sets

A Typical layout of Hydropower plant

POWERHOUSE 

Turbine room

Generator

Service areas

TURBINE Hydraulic turbines are the machines which convert the energy of flowing water into mechanical energy.  The mechanical energy developed by a turbine is used to run an electric generator which is directly coupled to the shaft of the turbine.

Essential Elements of Hydropower Plant

TYPE OF TURBINEPeltonRated Speed 600 rpmType of Generator Vertical shaft, SynchronousCapacity 35 MVARated Voltage 11 KVPower Transformer 11/66KV, 3 phase, 35 MVA, 2 No

Transmission LineAverage Annual :211 GWz (Primary energy 165 GWH and Generationsecondary energy 46 GWH)

Catchments Area:126 sq. km.

Commissioning Date:1977 A.D. - 14th May, 1988Construction Cost:117.84 million USDFinanced byWorld Bank, Kuwait Fund, UNDP, OECF and OPEC Fund

MAJOR PARTS OF PELTON WHEEL

 SPEAR AND NOZZLE.RUNNER WITH BUCKETS.OUTER CASING.BRAKE NOZZLE.

The generator converts the rotational power from the turbine shaft into electrical power.

Type of Generator: Vertical shaft, Synchronous

Capacity:35 MVA Rated Voltage:11 KVPower Transformer :11/66KV, 3 phase, 35 MVA, 2 Nos

 

GENERATOR

SPEAR AND NOZZLE  To regulate the water flow through the nozzle.An adjustable spear is for good jet of water and helps to change nozzle flow passage.Nozzle which converts hydraulic energy into kinetic energy.  Present at the downstream end of the penstock.

RUNNER WITH BUCKETS Runner consists of the circular disc and it is mounted on horizontal/vertical shaft. Evenly spaced buckets have a shape of double semi-elliptical ridge known as splitter.

BREAK NOZZLE To stop the runner in a short time.  Small nozzle directs a jet of water on the back of buckets.

OUTER CASING Used to prevent splicing of water and discharging water to tailrace.

 It helps to ensure that the generator constantly spins at its correct speed.

To illustrate, consider a hydro system without a governor, it causes the generator to work harder.

As long as you maintain this “perfect” load is known as Design Load, power output will be correct.

GOVERNORS AND CONTROLS

 An enhanced version of the electronic load governor, offering not only the ability to regulate power usage.

Small load adjustments work just like the electronic governor; the variable electronic switch regulates power to the ballast loads.

LOAD MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS

  It is an option that protects the system from over speed, which may damage the generator.

It usually means removing all water power from turbine.  

Emergency shutdown of impulse turbines, such as Pelton wheel, can be very fast because the water jet can simply be deflected away from the turbine. Since the water flow doesn’t change, there are no damaging surges.

EMERGENCY SYSTEM SHUTDOWN

UTILITY GRID INTERFACE CONTROLS

The grid interconnects very large, public utility power generation systems.

It monitor the grid and ensure system is generating compatible voltage, frequency, and phase.  

Automatic disconnection is critical to the safety of all parties.  

THANK YOU