Hydro Power
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1 Hydro Power Catherine Walker American Public University Used with permission from: Professor Stephen Lawrence Leeds School of Business University of Colorado Boulder, CO
description
Hydro Power. Catherine Walker American Public University. Used with permission from: Professor Stephen Lawrence Leeds School of Business University of Colorado Boulder, CO. Hydrologic Cycle. http://www.srh.noaa.gov/jetstream/atmos/hydro.htm. History of Hydro Power. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of Hydro Power
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Hydro PowerCatherine WalkerAmerican Public University
Used with permission from:Professor Stephen LawrenceLeeds School of BusinessUniversity of ColoradoBoulder, CO
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Hydrologic Cycle
http://www.srh.noaa.gov/jetstream/atmos/hydro.htm
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History of Hydro Power
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Early Irrigation Waterwheel
Boyle, Renewable Energy, 2nd edition, Oxford University Press, 2003
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Early Roman Water Mill
Boyle, Renewable Energy, 2nd edition, Oxford University Press, 2003
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Early Norse Water Mill
Boyle, Renewable Energy, 2nd edition, Oxford University Press, 2003
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Fourneyron’s Turbine
Boyle, Renewable Energy, 2nd edition, Oxford University Press, 2003
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Hydro Power to Electric Power
PotentialEnergy
KineticEnergy
ElectricalEnergy
MechanicalEnergy
Electricity
http://www.alternative-energy-news.info/images/technical/hydro-power.jpg
How it works
9http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=glAiIDoTREE&feature=related
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Uses of Hydro Power
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U.S. Energy Consumption – US
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World hydro production
Source: http://grist.org/climate-energy/hydropower-continues-steady-growth/
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Three Gorges Dam (China)
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Itaipú Dam (Brazil & Paraguay)
“Itaipu,” Wikipedia.org
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Guri Dam (Venezuela)
http://www.infodestinations.com/venezuela/espanol/puerto_ordaz/index.shtml
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Grand Coulee Dam (US)
www.swehs.co.uk/ docs/coulee.html
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Percent Hydropower by US State
http://www.need.org/needpdf/infobook_activities/SecInfo/HydroS.pdf
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Hydropower Design
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Terminology Head
Water must fall from a higher elevation to a lower one to release its stored energy.
The difference between these elevations is called head
Dams: three categories high-head (800 or more feet) medium-head (100 to 800 feet) low-head (less than 100 feet)
Power is proportional to the product of head x flow
http://www.wapa.gov/crsp/info/harhydro.htm
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Types of Hydroelectric Installation
Boyle, Renewable Energy, 2nd edition, Oxford University Press, 2003
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Conventional Impoundment Dam
http://www1.eere.energy.gov/windandhydro/hydro_plant_types.html
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ExampleHoover Dam (US)
http://las-vegas.travelnice.com/dbi/hooverdam-225x300.jpg
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Diversion (Run-of-River) Hydropower
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ExampleDiversion Hydropower (Tazimina, Alaska)
http://www1.eere.energy.gov/windandhydro/hydro_plant_types.html
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Pumped Storage Schematic
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ExampleCourtright Reservoir (California)
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Turbine Design
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Types of Hydropower Turbines
Boyle, Renewable Energy, 2nd edition, Oxford University Press, 2003
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Francis Turbine – Grand Coulee Dam
"Water Turbine," Wikipedia.com
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Fixed-Pitch Propeller Turbine
"Water Turbine," Wikipedia.com
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Kaplan Turbine Cross Section
"Water Turbine," Wikipedia.com
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Housing for Pelton Wheel – Seven Oaks Dam
East End Hydro Operations
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Pros and Cons
Pros and ConsProsLittle to no emissionsVery responsiveVery efficientRequires little maintenanceCreate reservoir lakes
ConsConstruction costsDisruption of ecosystemsSedimentationFew feasible sitesFailureDrought can affect power production
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