HYDRO-ELECTRIC POWER PLANT Prepared by SREEJITH K. & NICE MENACHERY APME APME JEC JEC.
-
Upload
barry-quinn -
Category
Documents
-
view
220 -
download
5
Transcript of HYDRO-ELECTRIC POWER PLANT Prepared by SREEJITH K. & NICE MENACHERY APME APME JEC JEC.
HYDRO-ELECTRIC POWER PLANT
Prepared by
SREEJITH K. &
NICE MENACHERY
APME
JEC
Basics of Mechanical Engineering (SK/ APME)
2
HYDRO-ELECTRIC POWER PLANT
3
Hydro-Electric Power Plant (UQ APRIL 2012)
Hydro-electric power plant utilizes potential energy of water as
the source of energy for power generation.
Generation of hydro-electric power is the cheapest as compared
to the other sources such as oil, coal etc.
In addition to power generation hydro-electric power plants
also helps for irrigation and flood control.
The reservoirs (often made by constructing a dam across a
river ) maintain the availability of water during all seasons of the
year
4
Water flow during peak rainy season is stored in the reservoir
Carried to the prime-mover (Hydraulic Turbine or Water
Turbine or simply Turbine) through a pipe known as Penstock
(made of steel or concrete)Potential energy (PE) of water is
partially converted into Kinetic energy (KE) as it pass through the
penstock KE and PE of water is converted into Mechanical
Energy by Turbine Used to generate electrical power by
electric generator Transmitted through transformer
Transmitting towers Consumers.
Basics of Mechanical Engineering (SK/ APME)
5
Basics of Mechanical Engineering (SK/ APME)
6
Basics of Mechanical Engineering (SK/ APME)
7
Penstock
Basics of Mechanical Engineering (SK/ APME)
9
Basics of Mechanical Engineering (SK/ APME)
10
Basics of Mechanical Engineering (SK/ APME)
11
Basics of Mechanical Engineering (SK/ APME)
12
13
Functions of Components Reservoir :- To store the water during rainy season and
supply it during summer when the run off is low.
Dam :-To create the artificial reservoir and artificial head, It
is usually a concrete structure.
Spillway:- Safety valve for the dam. Water overflows
through spillway to prevent the increase of water level over a
certain limit.
Pressure Tunnel :-To carry water from the reservoir to surge
tank.
Basics of Mechanical Engineering (SK/ APME)
14
Basics of Mechanical Engineering (SK/ APME)
15
16
Surge Tank :- It is an additional storage space between
reservoir and power house. It reduce the increase in pressure
due to backflow of water when the load on turbine reduces,
thereby preventing the damage of penstock.
Penstock:-Is a pipe to carry water from surge tank to the
turbine, made of steel or reinforced concrete to bear high
pressure.
Trash Rack:- To prevent the flow of debris, sand to the
turbine.
Basics of Mechanical Engineering (SK/ APME)
17
Hydraulic Turbine:- To convert potential energy of water
into mechanical energy.
Draft tube :- Used in Reaction Turbines to convert part of
KE into useful head. It also allows the turbine to place over
tail race level.
Generator:-To generate electric power using mechanical
power of turbine.
Basics of Mechanical Engineering (SK/ APME)
18
Transformer:- To raise the voltage generated before
transmitting the power to the consumers.
Power House:- Is a building to protect and accommodates
Turbine, Generator, Transformer and Control room.
Basics of Mechanical Engineering (SK/ APME)
19
Advantages of Hydro-electric Power plant
Operation & Maintenance cost is minimum when
compared to other power plants.
No air Pollution.
Can also used for irrigation and flood control.
Quick starting and faster respond to rapid change in load.
Useful life is high when compared to other power plants.
Basics of Mechanical Engineering (SK/ APME)
20
Disadvantages of Hydro-electric Power plant
Initial cost is high when compared to other power plants.
Long time is required for planning and commissioning.
Power generation is not steady especially in the time of
draught.