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Hybrid Technologies for On-site Power Generation Texas AFRED R&D Conference Austin, TX September 12,...
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Transcript of Hybrid Technologies for On-site Power Generation Texas AFRED R&D Conference Austin, TX September 12,...
![Page 1: Hybrid Technologies for On-site Power Generation Texas AFRED R&D Conference Austin, TX September 12, 2007 Larry Osgood Consulting Solutions PERC Consultant.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050714/56649d2a5503460f949ffa84/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Hybrid Technologies for On-site Power Generation
Texas AFRED R&D ConferenceAustin, TX September 12, 2007
Larry OsgoodConsulting SolutionsPERC Consultant &DG Program Manager
![Page 2: Hybrid Technologies for On-site Power Generation Texas AFRED R&D Conference Austin, TX September 12, 2007 Larry Osgood Consulting Solutions PERC Consultant.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050714/56649d2a5503460f949ffa84/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
TX AFRED Hybrid Generating Systems Presentation Overview
•Basis of work PERC R&D and DG programs
•Why Rural & Remote Power Generation is important
•Hybrid system rationale
•Market entry challenges and approach
•Hybrid optimization
•CHP power units
•Plans to move forward
![Page 3: Hybrid Technologies for On-site Power Generation Texas AFRED R&D Conference Austin, TX September 12, 2007 Larry Osgood Consulting Solutions PERC Consultant.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050714/56649d2a5503460f949ffa84/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
PERC Research & Development
To invest in new technologies and to foster industry practices that will:
•Bring innovative products and services to propane customers, •Improve the productivity and economic vitality of the propane industry, and •Provide greater value to propane consumers.
www.propanecouncil.org/rd
![Page 4: Hybrid Technologies for On-site Power Generation Texas AFRED R&D Conference Austin, TX September 12, 2007 Larry Osgood Consulting Solutions PERC Consultant.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050714/56649d2a5503460f949ffa84/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
PERC Distributed Generation Program
•Fuel cells•Micro-turbines •Engine generator sets• Standard• Hybrid (solar, wind, . . .)• CHP• Micro-CHP
www.propanecouncil.org/rd/distr_power_gen.html
Propane 5 kW heavy-duty charging system
![Page 5: Hybrid Technologies for On-site Power Generation Texas AFRED R&D Conference Austin, TX September 12, 2007 Larry Osgood Consulting Solutions PERC Consultant.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050714/56649d2a5503460f949ffa84/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Why Rural & Remote Power Generation is Important
• Costs for electric lines average $55,000 per mile in US + power plants & transmission lines
• Electric power is essential for communications, radar, security, education and more
• Recent disasters proved value of DG andpropane fuel supplies
• A propane genset can be effective for standby power anywhere in the world
• But the key issue is, does propane make sense as an on-site power fuel
![Page 6: Hybrid Technologies for On-site Power Generation Texas AFRED R&D Conference Austin, TX September 12, 2007 Larry Osgood Consulting Solutions PERC Consultant.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050714/56649d2a5503460f949ffa84/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
DG Market Challenges & Strategies
Direct power generation has high costs. If it was easy, it would already be done.
Our strategies to succeed in DG markets:
• Increase performance of engines, lower costs
• Utilize CHP to recover heat and lower costs
• Utilize on-grid systems where incentives available
• Backup power w/ peak-shaving capability
• Gas Heat Pump w/ backup power
• Advanced propane gensets/CHP in solar/wind hybrid systems for affordable off-grid electricity
![Page 7: Hybrid Technologies for On-site Power Generation Texas AFRED R&D Conference Austin, TX September 12, 2007 Larry Osgood Consulting Solutions PERC Consultant.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050714/56649d2a5503460f949ffa84/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Why Use Propane/LPG for Local Heating, Cooking and DG Fuel?
•Easily transportable•High energy density, liquid form•Easily stored on site•Can be stored underground•Not a ground contaminant•Self pressurizing gas, no pumps•Clean burning•Efficient•Substantial supplies•Readily available
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Fuel-Generated Power is Expensive
•Continuous fuel-generated power?
•Fine for limited uses, such as an RV & back-up power
•Not cost effective for most prime power
•Operating costs are high
•CHP & Hybrid systems lower capital and operating costs
![Page 9: Hybrid Technologies for On-site Power Generation Texas AFRED R&D Conference Austin, TX September 12, 2007 Larry Osgood Consulting Solutions PERC Consultant.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050714/56649d2a5503460f949ffa84/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Diagram of a Hybrid Power System
![Page 10: Hybrid Technologies for On-site Power Generation Texas AFRED R&D Conference Austin, TX September 12, 2007 Larry Osgood Consulting Solutions PERC Consultant.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050714/56649d2a5503460f949ffa84/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Sunwize Hybrid Solar/Propane Power System
![Page 11: Hybrid Technologies for On-site Power Generation Texas AFRED R&D Conference Austin, TX September 12, 2007 Larry Osgood Consulting Solutions PERC Consultant.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050714/56649d2a5503460f949ffa84/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Polar Power Small Hybrid Solar/Propane Power System
![Page 12: Hybrid Technologies for On-site Power Generation Texas AFRED R&D Conference Austin, TX September 12, 2007 Larry Osgood Consulting Solutions PERC Consultant.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050714/56649d2a5503460f949ffa84/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Polar Power Mid-size Hybrid Solar/Propane Power System
![Page 13: Hybrid Technologies for On-site Power Generation Texas AFRED R&D Conference Austin, TX September 12, 2007 Larry Osgood Consulting Solutions PERC Consultant.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050714/56649d2a5503460f949ffa84/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Hybrid Renewable Systems Have Significant Advantages
• Hybrid = distributed electrical generation combining 2 or more power sources
• Produce electricity on site, where power lines are not available or practical
• Provide power on-site in a cost-effective and environmentally friendly manner
• Hybrid systems are optimal for rural, remote, and developing country applications
![Page 14: Hybrid Technologies for On-site Power Generation Texas AFRED R&D Conference Austin, TX September 12, 2007 Larry Osgood Consulting Solutions PERC Consultant.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050714/56649d2a5503460f949ffa84/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Propane Makes Small Renewable Hybrid Power Systems Perform
•Solar photovoltaic (PV) panels•Small wind turbines•Micro-hydro (water) turbines
All the above are “renewable” but are not reliable due to intermittency
Propane gensets provide instant, reliable power
Propane provides renewables with solid on-site performance
![Page 15: Hybrid Technologies for On-site Power Generation Texas AFRED R&D Conference Austin, TX September 12, 2007 Larry Osgood Consulting Solutions PERC Consultant.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050714/56649d2a5503460f949ffa84/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Large Renewables Have Significant Drawbacks for State RPS Programs
•High initial costs•Reliability and site issues can be difficult•Require significant power transmission systems
![Page 16: Hybrid Technologies for On-site Power Generation Texas AFRED R&D Conference Austin, TX September 12, 2007 Larry Osgood Consulting Solutions PERC Consultant.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050714/56649d2a5503460f949ffa84/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Global GHG Emissions by Sector
8%
14%
24%
14%
5%
3%14%
18%
Important to have higher efficiency and lower CO2 power generating systems
![Page 17: Hybrid Technologies for On-site Power Generation Texas AFRED R&D Conference Austin, TX September 12, 2007 Larry Osgood Consulting Solutions PERC Consultant.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050714/56649d2a5503460f949ffa84/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Summary of PERC DG 2007-8 Program Objectives to Move Hybrids Forward
Focus: Bring Propane Hybrid Systems to Market
• Work with engine and generator mfgs. to develop superior propane engines & gensets
• Work with power-electronics suppliers to improve performance & system controllers
• Build relationships w/ other stakeholders including system manufacturers, installers, renewable industry, users & ww agencies
• Present PERC accomplishments and new systems in papers at DG conferences
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Early Hybrid System
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Fuel Cells in DG / Hybrids ?? No.
Fuel Cell System Performance?- Lower efficiency- Higher cost- Higher maintenance- Shorter life
Biggest issue:Can’t start and stopon demand
![Page 20: Hybrid Technologies for On-site Power Generation Texas AFRED R&D Conference Austin, TX September 12, 2007 Larry Osgood Consulting Solutions PERC Consultant.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050714/56649d2a5503460f949ffa84/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Advanced Heavy-duty 2.5 – 5 kW Propane Engine & Genset
![Page 21: Hybrid Technologies for On-site Power Generation Texas AFRED R&D Conference Austin, TX September 12, 2007 Larry Osgood Consulting Solutions PERC Consultant.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050714/56649d2a5503460f949ffa84/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Lombardini HD LPG Engine
HD Diesel Based2 cylinder
Factory LPG
Liquid Cooled
3 main bearings
Overhead Valves
Continuous duty
![Page 22: Hybrid Technologies for On-site Power Generation Texas AFRED R&D Conference Austin, TX September 12, 2007 Larry Osgood Consulting Solutions PERC Consultant.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050714/56649d2a5503460f949ffa84/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Small Propane & Diesel Gensets Compared (1 – 10 kW)
GensetItem
Standard Propane
Diesel H.D.Advanced Propane
Light Load OK Wet stack? Fine
½ - Load Efficiency
13 – 16 % 17 – 18 % 20 – 26%
Full - Load Efficiency
18 – 20 % 20 – 22 % 24 – 31 %
Continuous Duty
Must de-rate Must de-rate 24-hour capable
Maintenance Interval
100 – 200 hours
100 – 200 hours
2,500 -10,000 hours
Service Life of Genset
1,000 – 5,000 hours
2,000 – 8,000 hours
30,000-60,000 hours
![Page 23: Hybrid Technologies for On-site Power Generation Texas AFRED R&D Conference Austin, TX September 12, 2007 Larry Osgood Consulting Solutions PERC Consultant.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050714/56649d2a5503460f949ffa84/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Current Rural Hybrid System
![Page 24: Hybrid Technologies for On-site Power Generation Texas AFRED R&D Conference Austin, TX September 12, 2007 Larry Osgood Consulting Solutions PERC Consultant.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050714/56649d2a5503460f949ffa84/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Propane genset is in white box
Grey box is new Xantrexhybrid system controller with inverters
New Xantrex Hybrid System Controller
![Page 25: Hybrid Technologies for On-site Power Generation Texas AFRED R&D Conference Austin, TX September 12, 2007 Larry Osgood Consulting Solutions PERC Consultant.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050714/56649d2a5503460f949ffa84/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
New SMA “Sunny Island” Inverter
High overload and Surge capacity
Automatic generator starting
DC & AC coupling built in
Output load shedding!
![Page 26: Hybrid Technologies for On-site Power Generation Texas AFRED R&D Conference Austin, TX September 12, 2007 Larry Osgood Consulting Solutions PERC Consultant.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050714/56649d2a5503460f949ffa84/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Gaia Advanced Hybrid System Controller w/ Large-capacity Battery Storage
![Page 27: Hybrid Technologies for On-site Power Generation Texas AFRED R&D Conference Austin, TX September 12, 2007 Larry Osgood Consulting Solutions PERC Consultant.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050714/56649d2a5503460f949ffa84/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Cost Advantages w/ Hybrid System
Gensets have a lowinitial cost, buthigh O&M costs
Renewables have high initial costs with low O&M costs
The right combination of renewables and propane genset provides the lowest system cost, and highest reliability
Initial CostOperating
Cost
+
![Page 28: Hybrid Technologies for On-site Power Generation Texas AFRED R&D Conference Austin, TX September 12, 2007 Larry Osgood Consulting Solutions PERC Consultant.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050714/56649d2a5503460f949ffa84/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Actual Output from HOMER Optimization Model
http://www.nrel.gov/homer
HOMER is a computer model that simplifies the task of evaluating design options for both off-grid and grid-connected power systems for remote, stand-alone, and distributed generation (DG) applications. In 2001, identified hybrid systems optimal over solar only. Includes a web link to site specific solar data.
![Page 29: Hybrid Technologies for On-site Power Generation Texas AFRED R&D Conference Austin, TX September 12, 2007 Larry Osgood Consulting Solutions PERC Consultant.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050714/56649d2a5503460f949ffa84/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Sample Hybrid System Costs
Propane genset onlySolar system onlyCurrent hybrid
Higher cost genset, no optimization, subsidies, or cost savings for no pole & wire
Optimized hybrid sitew/CHP
$1.58 per kW$ .95 per kW$ .72 per kW
$ .20 - .40 per kW
![Page 30: Hybrid Technologies for On-site Power Generation Texas AFRED R&D Conference Austin, TX September 12, 2007 Larry Osgood Consulting Solutions PERC Consultant.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050714/56649d2a5503460f949ffa84/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
CHP System Advantages
• Regular gensets produce electricity – don’t utilize “waste-heat”
• CHP systems start with advanced propane engines w/ 50% better efficiency
• 2-3 units of heat energy for every unit of electrical energy produced
• CHP systems typically twice as efficient as central electrical production
• Lower energy cost and CO2 output
![Page 31: Hybrid Technologies for On-site Power Generation Texas AFRED R&D Conference Austin, TX September 12, 2007 Larry Osgood Consulting Solutions PERC Consultant.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050714/56649d2a5503460f949ffa84/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
New Honda 1.2 kW m-CHP System
• UL listed propane system• PERC home demo in MA• Target home heating
market• Provides heat and
electricity• Can provide all home
electricity needs• Replace conventional
furnaces• Jointly developing off-
grid& back-up system(adding storage)
![Page 32: Hybrid Technologies for On-site Power Generation Texas AFRED R&D Conference Austin, TX September 12, 2007 Larry Osgood Consulting Solutions PERC Consultant.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050714/56649d2a5503460f949ffa84/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
1.2kW m-CHP 1-cyl Liquid-cooled Genset Module
![Page 33: Hybrid Technologies for On-site Power Generation Texas AFRED R&D Conference Austin, TX September 12, 2007 Larry Osgood Consulting Solutions PERC Consultant.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050714/56649d2a5503460f949ffa84/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
New 5kW CHP System
![Page 34: Hybrid Technologies for On-site Power Generation Texas AFRED R&D Conference Austin, TX September 12, 2007 Larry Osgood Consulting Solutions PERC Consultant.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050714/56649d2a5503460f949ffa84/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Marathon HD Power Generators in a Hybrid Residential System
• Minotaur 2.5 & 5 kW gensets available now
• Full time, prime power, high efficiency systems
• 5 kW ecopower CHP UL listed and available now
• ecoisland developed, UL listing target is early 2008
• Distribution network in development
![Page 35: Hybrid Technologies for On-site Power Generation Texas AFRED R&D Conference Austin, TX September 12, 2007 Larry Osgood Consulting Solutions PERC Consultant.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050714/56649d2a5503460f949ffa84/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Testing for Yanmar 5 kW CHP System
• Testing at GTI is complete• Picture is 5 kW propane unit in test cell• Results excellent• Net output: 4.64 kW• Elec. Efficiency: 26.3% LHV, highest system efficiency tested to date•Noise extremely low: 51 dB
![Page 36: Hybrid Technologies for On-site Power Generation Texas AFRED R&D Conference Austin, TX September 12, 2007 Larry Osgood Consulting Solutions PERC Consultant.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050714/56649d2a5503460f949ffa84/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Items CP10VB1
Rated output kW 9.9
Phase / voltage V Single / AC 100/200
Grid connecting system - Inverter
Heat recovery kW 16.8
Efficiency
Generating efficiency
% (LHV) 31.5
Heat recovery rate
% (LHV) 53.5
Overall efficiency
% (LHV) 85.0
Dimensions W x D x H mm 1470x800x1790
Engine - 4 cycle gas engine*
Generator - Permanent magnet
Net weight kg 790
Operating sound level dB(A) 54
Maintenance interval hours 10,000
9.9kW Advanced CHP System Specs
![Page 37: Hybrid Technologies for On-site Power Generation Texas AFRED R&D Conference Austin, TX September 12, 2007 Larry Osgood Consulting Solutions PERC Consultant.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050714/56649d2a5503460f949ffa84/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Rationale for Hybrid Market Opportunity
• Electric power is increasingly needed to improve the quality of life around the world
• Power needs at remote sites are increasing
• Remote Power costs are extremely high
• Renewable power emphasis is increasing
• Emphasis on lowering CO2 emissions is “huge”
• DG is a lead item in future market development potential and gallons
![Page 38: Hybrid Technologies for On-site Power Generation Texas AFRED R&D Conference Austin, TX September 12, 2007 Larry Osgood Consulting Solutions PERC Consultant.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050714/56649d2a5503460f949ffa84/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
How Do Hybrid Systems and Propane Support the On-Site Power Market
• Propane is a reliable & clean fuel for power generation
• New propane small genset technology leapfrogs diesel as the premium fuel in efficiency, maintenance and longevity
• Hybrid systems generate power more efficiently and for lower cost than other alternatives
• Propane hybrids maximize the performance of renwables for sustainability into the future
![Page 39: Hybrid Technologies for On-site Power Generation Texas AFRED R&D Conference Austin, TX September 12, 2007 Larry Osgood Consulting Solutions PERC Consultant.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050714/56649d2a5503460f949ffa84/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
For More Information Contact
Larry OsgoodDistributed Generation Program [email protected]
Greg KerrDirector of Research and [email protected]
Hybrid System Fact Sheet and more at:www.propanecouncil.org/rd