WELCOME

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HYBRID POWER GENERATION SYSTEM

Submitted By :AKHIL KUMAR.RANIL KUMAR ARJUN SEBASTIANFASALURAHMAN.M

INDEX

INTRODUCTION. SOLAR ENERGY.WIND ENERGY. HYBRID SYSTEM (WIND-SOLAR). FEATURES OF HYBRID SYSTEM. CASE STUDY CONCLUSION. BIBLIOGRAPHY.

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ABSTRACT

The main scope of the project is to consume the power supply

from mains, generator, and inverter and solar most effectively.

The outline of the project is selection of supply from mains,

generator, and inverter and solar automatically by using

microcontroller

To give an uninterrupted power supply to the load

INTRODUCTION

Today, the world is progressing at quite a fast ratewith the use of the conventional sources of energy.The two major demerits of using them are theenvironmental pollution created by its use and itslimited quantity.

On the other hand the Non-conventional sources ofenergy are available in plenty, free of cost andpollution free.

Many types of clean and renewable energy sourcescan be used in the production of electrical energy.

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INTRODUCTION

These include solar energy, wind

energy, wave energy, hydroelectricity,

biomass energy, energy from wastes,

tidal power, and geothermal energy.

All of these energy sources have

environmental benefits over the use of

fossil fuels.

Our paper deals with the Energy

conservation Technique which is a

combination of two Non-conventional

sources of energy, i.e. Solar and Wind

Energy. 6

SOLAR ENERGY

Four-fifths of the sun’s energy falls on the

oceans and drives the water cycle. Evapor-

ation from the sea causes rain to fall on the

land, resulting in the global hydropower

resource.

The remaining fifth of the sun’s energy

falls on the land and is still about 2,000

times greater than total world energy

demand.

The two main technologies that have been

developed to capture this energy are Solar

Thermal, and Photovoltaic modules.7

WIND ENERGY

The uneven heating of the earth’s surface by the

sun causes wind. This heat is absorbed by the

ground or water and is then transferred in to the

air.

This causing differences in air temperature,

density and pressure. These differences then

create forces that push the air around. Like the

water that flows in the river.

The wind contains energy that can be converted

in to electricity using wind turbines.

Wind power projects can also be very

stimulating for local economics.

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COMBINED SYSTEM

Hybrid Systems -Utility Connected with Battery Backup. They are connected

to the utility grid in case the weather is insufficient for the solar or wind

system.

But they also have batteries to store electricity in case the utility grid goes

down as well. The design and installation of these systems is more

complicated and expensive, but they are the most effective in providing

constant, reliable electricity.

The System Include

1.PV Array 2.Wind Turbine

3.Generator Solar Controller 4.Wind Controller

5.Battery Bank 6.Inverter Loads9

PROPOSED SYSTEM

Combining two energy resources such as solar and

wind energies

Storing of this resources

Stored energy can be used for different purpose

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BLOCK DIAGRAM OF HYBRID SYSTEM

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HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS

Smart manager

Solar panel

Aero-wind generator

Battery

Inverter

Transformer

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SOLAR PANEL

Solar panels can be used as a component

of larger photovoltaic system

Efficiency : 75% to 85%

Light energy to electrical energy

Silicon based modules are used

Each module: 17.1volt

Number of cell-54

3 module

Watts- 40

Current 2.34A

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AERO-WIND GENERATOR

This is one of the main components in

this system and converts kinetic energy

of wind in to electrical energy in the

wind in to mechanical energy.

An electric generator is coupled to the

propeller shaft directly, this propeller in

turn rotates rotor of the electric

generator and in turn generates DC

electricity.

The output from the wind generator

varies as per the wind speed.14

RELAY

It is a electro magnetic switch

Used to control the electrical devices

Copper core magnetic flux plays main role here

MICRO CONTROLLER

Speed

High Performance CPU

Instruction Set Simplicity

Integration Of Operation Features

Programmable Timer Options

Interrupt Control

EPROM/ROM Options

Inbuilt Modules

Low Power Consumption

Wide Operation Voltage Range :2.5to 6.0 Volt

Power Saving Sleep Mode

PIC16F877A

BATTERY

• To store the energy generated

• 12v , 26Ah

• Sealed lead acid

• Controller can Controls battery bank charge

and discharge reasonable and

safety.

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TRANSFORMER• Step up transformer

• 12V/230V

• 50HZ

• Its primary has 3 tapings(150,230,260)

• It has a double layer secondary

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INVERTER

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• A power converter that converts

the DC power from the panels

into AC power.

• The “modern sine wave”

Inverters supply uninterruptible

power, i.e. there are no blackouts

or brownouts.

• 300 watts

• 120-240 V AC

• 50-60 hertz

DRIVER RELAY : ULN2004

• High-voltage high-current Darlington transistor arrays

• It consists of seven NPN Darlington pairs

• The collector-current rating of a single Darlington pair is

500 mA Includes output flyback diodes

• Inputs compatible with various types of logic

• Typical usage of the ULN2004 is to Drive Relays, lamp

and LED Displays or Stepper Motor.

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SIMULATION

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CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

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Accepts the DC power from the three generating units according to priority rules

Controls the power delivery to the load or loads

Monitors the battery voltage and charges the battery as required.

Cuts off the charger when the battery is fully charged and diverts the power to a suitable load

CO-ORDINATION AMONG DIFFERENT

ENERGY SOURCES

• MikroC Compiler from Mikro Electronica.

• Proteus 7 Professional from Lab center

Electronics.

• Controller – PIC 16F72

• Language Used: Embedded C

• OrCAD 9.0

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DEVELOPMENT TOOLS

FEATURESDesigned for easy to operate ,servicing and maintenance

where required

Most Eco-friendly & clean source of power.

No pollution and no recurring fuel costs, Highly reliable and

consistent power supply.

Long life span for SPV modules & Modular design

Very few moving parts-negligible maintenance required

Increases public safety and aids in providing a safe working

environment in areas where mains power is risky

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ADVANTAGES

Can reduce the use of non renewable energy

Maximum usage of renewable energy

Less depending on national power grid system

Can reduce electricity bill

Excess energy feed to the Grid

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APPLICATIONS

Ideal for cell phone recipient stations.

Farm houses, Guesthouses, Hospitals, Hotels, Laboratories and R&D centers

Remote and Rural village electrification.

Residential colonies and Apartments general Lighting.

Street Lighting.

Transmissions and communication Tower and many more applications.

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APPLICATIONS

CONCLUSION Because the seasonal profiles of the wind and solar resources

are somewhat complementary in some reason, combination of

wind and solar perform better than either wind or solar alone

Under the circumstance of power failure this hybrid system

keeps the continuity of supply without producing any noise

pollution, dislike any other power generating equipment i.e.

D.G. Set with noisy operation.

High Efficiency than Individual systems.

Since the longer pay back time of investing renewable energy

system, little firms are interested in investing the renewable

system.

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References

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_system#Hybrid_systems

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hybrid_renewable_energy_system

The 8051 Microcontroller and Embedded systems” by Muhammad Ali Mazidi

and Janice Gillispie Mazidi , Pearson Education.

www.atmel.com

www.beyondlogic.org

http://www.uaf.edu/energyin/webpage/pages/other_important_topics/hybrid.htm

http://www.sandia.gov/wind/

http://gttserv.lth.rwth-aachen.de/~sp/tt/gtt-news/gttn_13.html triangle plotting of

proportions

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