hybrid Loss of hybrid vigor resulting from inbreeding.
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Transcript of hybrid Loss of hybrid vigor resulting from inbreeding.
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hybrid Loss of hybrid vigor resulting from inbreeding
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R Plasmid
- self replicating
- with genes for antibiotic resistance
Main circular DNA
The bacterium is broken to release its plasmids
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Isolate the plasmids by centrifugation
Restriction enzyme added
With genes for resistance of ...
Antibiotic 2
Antibiotic 1
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TTGAAACT
Restriction enzyme makes a staggered cut at specific base sequence on plasmid
The cut is made within the gene for antibiotic 2 resistance
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Chromosome with the required gene Cut with the same
restriction enzyme
TTGA AACT
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Ligase is added to anneal two pieces of DNA
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The foreign gene is now incorporated into the plasmid
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Another bacterium is induced to take up the plasmid
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How can we distinguish those bacteria which have taken up the plasmid from those haven’t ?
culture the bacteria on a medium containing antibiotics 1 and 2
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Culture the bacteria on agar with antibiotic 1
AB
C
F D
E
Colonies of bacteria which have taken up the antibiotic 1 resistance gene
Filter paper press on the agar to produce replica
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The filter paper press on another agar with both antibiotics 1 and 2
Result :
AB
C
F DColony E is missing. That is bacteria in this colony have no resistance to antibiotic 2
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AB
C
F D
E
Bacteria in colony E have the required gene . Bacteria in colony E is culture for the gene product.
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Repressor detached from the operator gene transcription occurs to produce enzyme ( the
structural gene is turned on )
No lactose supplied
When lactose supplied
Regulator gene operator gene structural gene
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ThalassaemiaThalassaemia
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Incomplete Dominance
What is Thalassaemia ?What is Thalassaemia ?
What is Thalassaemia minor ?
What is Thalassaemia minor ?
What is Thalassaemia major ?
What is Thalassaemia major ?
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The Chances The Chances of a Child of a Child
Inheriting the Inheriting the DiseaseDisease
LegendLegendPerson with no Thalassaemia
Person with Thalassaemia minor
Person with Thalassaemia major
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Ethnic GroupsEthnic GroupsMore common countries:More common countries:
•CyprusCyprus•GreeceGreece
•ItalyItaly•TurkeyTurkey•MaltaMalta•EgyptEgypt
•LebanonLebanon•people from the Middle Eastpeople from the Middle East
•Indian sub-continentsIndian sub-continents•South East AsiaSouth East Asia
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Current options Current options for Treatment offor Treatment ofThalassaemia Thalassaemia
as as well as the well as the
Future optionsFuture options
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Issues that arise from the diseaseIssues that arise from the disease
Current Issues :Current Issues :
•abortionabortion•blood transfusionsblood transfusions•counselingcounseling•drug therapydrug therapy•testingtesting
Future Issues:Future Issues:
Bone Marrow TherapyBone Marrow TherapyGene TherapyGene Therapy
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