HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLESHYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLES

http://realmovie2u.blogspot.com

History of HEVsHistory of HEVs

1997 – First modern HEV introduced in 1997 – First modern HEV introduced in Japan: Toyota Japan: Toyota Prius Prius (on left below)(on left below)

1999 – First modern HEV sold in U.S.:1999 – First modern HEV sold in U.S.:

Honda Honda Insight Insight (on right below)(on right below)

What Is a HybridWhat Is a HybridElectric Vehicle (HEV)?Electric Vehicle (HEV)?

The combination of an The combination of an internal combustion internal combustion engine engine (ICE) with one or more (ICE) with one or more electric electric motor/generators motor/generators and a and a battery pack’battery pack’

CombinesCombines Propulsion System With Propulsion System With RESSRESS and gets and gets Better Fuel economy.Better Fuel economy.

An HEV uses less gasoline because the electric An HEV uses less gasoline because the electric motor does some of the work.motor does some of the work.

HEV MODELHEV MODEL

MMP HEV’s prolong charge on batteries MMP HEV’s prolong charge on batteries capturing KE via Regenerative Braking.capturing KE via Regenerative Braking.

HEV’s use ICE to generate Electricity by HEV’s use ICE to generate Electricity by spinning Electric Generator either to spinning Electric Generator either to Recharge or to feed power.Recharge or to feed power.

How HEVs WorkHow HEVs Work

HOW HYBRIDS WORK?HOW HYBRIDS WORK?

About HEVsAbout HEVs

HEVs offer the efficiency of electric-HEVs offer the efficiency of electric-powered vehicles without having to powered vehicles without having to recharge by using conventional engines recharge by using conventional engines and fuels.and fuels.

Efficiencies are gained from motor down-Efficiencies are gained from motor down-sizing and regenerative braking.sizing and regenerative braking.

Inherent flexibility allows use for numerous Inherent flexibility allows use for numerous applications.applications.

HEV EfficiencyHEV Efficiency

Three key factors:Three key factors: Regenerative brakingRegenerative braking Engine sizeEngine size Vehicle weight & aerodynamic designVehicle weight & aerodynamic design

HEV Efficiency(contd…)HEV Efficiency(contd…)Engine size = may be smaller than in a Engine size = may be smaller than in a

conventional vehicleconventional vehicle Engine is sized to accommodate Engine is sized to accommodate average average

load load – not – not peak loadpeak load

Vehicle weight/aerodynamic design:Vehicle weight/aerodynamic design: Built using special lightweight materialsBuilt using special lightweight materials Uses advanced aerodynamics to reduce dragUses advanced aerodynamics to reduce drag

Advanced Technologies Advanced Technologies

Regenerative BrakingRegenerative Braking

Electric Motor Drive/AssistElectric Motor Drive/Assist

Automatic Start/ ShutOffAutomatic Start/ ShutOff

http://realmovie2u.blogspot.comhttp://realmovie2u.blogspot.com

Regenerative BrakingRegenerative Braking

Recaptures Recaptures kinetic energy kinetic energy normally lost as heat normally lost as heat during brakingduring braking

Kinetic energy = energy of motionKinetic energy = energy of motionElectric motor acts as a generator when brakes Electric motor acts as a generator when brakes

appliedappliedConverts kinetic energy to electrical energy, stored Converts kinetic energy to electrical energy, stored

in batteriesin batteries It becomes It becomes potential energy potential energy – available for use– available for use No system is 100% efficientNo system is 100% efficient

Electric Motor Drive/Assist Electric Motor Drive/Assist

Additional Power to assist engine Additional Power to assist engine Accelerating, Passing and Hill Climbing.Accelerating, Passing and Hill Climbing.

So, allows Smaller and More Efficient So, allows Smaller and More Efficient Engine to be Used.Engine to be Used.

Automatic Start/ShutoffAutomatic Start/Shutoff

Automatically shuts off the engine when the Automatically shuts off the engine when the vehicle comes to a stop and restarts it when vehicle comes to a stop and restarts it when the accelerator is pressed. This prevents the accelerator is pressed. This prevents wasted energy from idling. wasted energy from idling.

HEVs and Air PollutionHEVs and Air Pollution

Decreased fuel consumption results in reduced vehicle emissions

Ability to operate with smaller, more efficient motor maximizes emission management Strategies

Result is reduction of harmful pollutants in atmosphere

http://realmovie2u.blogspot.com

HEVs in TransportationHEVs in Transportation

Increasing gasoline prices are making HEVs veryattractive to consumers

HEVs are already available today(In , and their use will become more widespread as production picks up

Hybrid ReliabilityHybrid Reliability

Hybrids have some of the highest safety ratings of all vehicles

High-voltage system contains many safety features

Battery charge is computer controlled – extends battery life

Batteries under warranty for 100,000 miles, is your engine??????

http://realmovie2u.blogspot.com

Hybrid Reliability(contd…)Hybrid Reliability(contd…)

The cost of maintenance is reduced due to operation of hybrid technology

Regenerative braking reduces wear on brakes

Idle stop extends engine life

Electric accessories reduce load onEngine

http://realmovie2u.blogspot.com

HEV AdvantagesReduced fuel consumption

Excellent gas mileage

Fewer tailpipe emissions

Lighter batteries than electric vehicles

Regenerative braking system stores electrical energy in Batteries

Uses less fuel to recharge batteries

HEV DisadvantagesHEV Disadvantages

Reduced, but not emission-free

HEVs are partial zero-emission vehicles (PZEVs) – they produce zero emissions only when engine is not running

More expensive than conventional Vehicles

Has a payback period in average use

http://realmovie2u.blogspot.com

••Chevrolet Tahoe HybridChevrolet Tahoe Hybrid••Honda Accord HybridHonda Accord Hybrid••Honda Civic HybridHonda Civic Hybrid••Ford Escape HybridFord Escape Hybrid••GMC Silverado HybridGMC Silverado Hybrid••GMC Sierra HybridGMC Sierra Hybrid••Toyota PriusToyota Prius••Toyota Highlander HybridToyota Highlander Hybrid••Lexus 400hLexus 400h

http://realmovie2u.blogspot.comhttp://realmovie2u.blogspot.com

Current Models of HEVsCurrent Models of HEVs

In IndiaIn India

According to the Business News on 19According to the Business News on 19thth January, 2009, M&M is planning to Launch January, 2009, M&M is planning to Launch Hybrid Electric Vehicles in India in a couple Hybrid Electric Vehicles in India in a couple of Years.of Years.

Soon can be seen on Indian RoadsSoon can be seen on Indian Roadshttp://realmovie2u.blogspot.comhttp://realmovie2u.blogspot.com

CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION

So, the HEVs have more efficiency, Low Fuel Economy, High Reliability and Less Air Pollution.

Optimum Utilisation of these Vehicles will yield in good Results, especially Reduction of pollution.

http://realmovie2u.blogspot.com