HURRICANE (TYPHOON) DEVELOPMENT

CONDITIONS FOR HURRICANE DEVELOPMENT:

1. OCEAN TEMPERATURE MUST EXCEED 27C

WARM WATER PROVIDES THE ENERGY SOURCE FOR THE SUSTENANCE OF THE HURRICANE

2. LATITUDE MUST BE > 4 N BUT < 15

(WATER IS TOO COLD > 15 )

3. WARM WATER MUST REACH DEPTHS OF ~ 100 M

I.E. ENERGY STORED NEEDED TO SUSTAIN STORM

Atlantic hurricanes often develop off Cape Verdeor in Caribbean or Gulf of Mexico.

Typhoons are Pacific Hurricanes.

HURRICANE CHARACTERISTICS AND ORIGINS:

A. MOST HURRICANES REACHING THE USA START AS"CAPE VERDE" STORMS

CAPE VERDE STORMS ARE AREAS OF CONVECTIVESTORMS THAT FORM OFF THE NORTHWEST COASTOF AFRICA AND PROPAGATE INTO THE ATLANTIC

B. HURRICANES NEVER OCCUR IN SOUTH ATLANTIC,AS THE WATER IS TOO COLD

C. HURRICANES MAY FORM IN THE CARIBBEAN

D. PACIFIC HURRICANES = TYPHOONS CAN REACHHIGHER STRENGTHS (WIND VELOCITIES) AND LIVELONGER THAN ATLANTIC HURRICANES

E. HURRICANE MOVEMENTS ARE UNPREDICTABLEAND ARE COUPLED TO MOVEMENTS OF OTHERWEATHER SYSTEMS, E.G. WAVE CYCLONES

HURRICANES ARE A HEATENGINE, TRANSFERRING HEAT FROM THE OCEAN TO THEATMOSPHERE.

HEAT COMES IN VIA WARMWATER AND IS EXHAUSTEDOUT THE TOP INTO THEUPPER TROPOSPHERE ANDLOWER STRATOSPHERE.

SOME AIR SINKS INTO THE“EYE” OF THE STORMCREATING CLEAR AND CALMCONDITIONS.

DIVERGENCE

WIND SPEED PROFILE ACROSS A TYPICAL HURRICANE

EYE

Highest winds and greatest tidal surge occur to the side with both forward and circular wind velocity adding together.

CHANGED OCEAN LEVELS DURING APPROACH OF A HURRICANE (NORTHSIDE)

Hurricane Katrinamay now be third onthis list in loss of life.

RADAR ECHOES SHOWING RAINFALL IN H. ANDREW

RICHELIEU APARTMENTS BEFORE H. CAMILLE

RICHELIEU APARTMENTS AFTER H. CAMILLE

Hurricane Isabel

CLOUD HEIGHTS AROUND H. ISABEL: ORANGE HIGHEST (COLDEST)

PROJECTED PATH ISUNCERTAIN

CONTINENTAL WEATHER PATTERNSINFLUENCE TRACKS OF HURRICANES

TS Alpha, and on 31 October, 2005, Hurricane Beta and eventually, HurricaneGamma formed.

This was the all time record TS and Hurricaneseason for the Atlantic since 1851.